FoFAM AM Roadmap Summary Gaps Actions

Additive manufacturing
roadmap: gaps and

actions on market
driven value chains
Industrial and regional This project has received funding from the
valorization of FoF Additive European Union Horizon 2020 Programme
Manufacturing projects. (H2020) under grant agreement number
636882.
3
Table of Contents
1 Introduction 5
2 Gaps and actions on the value chains 6

2.1 Cross-cutting actions 8
2.1.1 Technological cross-cutting actions 8
2.1.2 Non-technological cross-cutting actions 13
2.2 Sectorial actions 17
2.2.1 Technological actions for health value chain 17
2.2.2 Non-technological actions for health value chain 20
2.2.3 Enablers for health value chain 21
2.2.4 Technological actions for aerospace value chain 23
2.2.5 Non-technological actions for aerospace value chain 27
2.2.6 Enablers for aerospace value chain 28
2.2.7 Technological actions for automotive value chain 31
2.2.8 Enablers for automotive value chain 34
2.2.9 Technological actions for consumer
(including electronics) value chain 36
2.2.10 Non-technological actions for consumer
(including electronics) value chain 39
2.2.11 Enablers for consumer value chain 40
2.2.12 Technological actions for industrial equipment value chain 43
3 Enablers details 45
4 Additive manufacturing roadmap: gaps and actions on market driven value chains
Abbreviations
Abbreviations
AM Additive Manufacturing
CAD Computer-Aided Design
CAM Computer-Aided Manufacturing
CSA Coordination and Support Action
CTE Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
DED Directed Energy Deposition
FDM Fused Deposition Modelling
HE Higher Education
HIP Hot Isostatic Pressing
ICT Information and Communications Technologies
IoT Internet of Things
IP Industrial Property
IPRs Intellectual Property Rights
LDM Laser Direct Manufacturing
LCA Life-Cycle Assessment
LMD Laser Metal Deposition
MMC Metal Matrix Composite
NDT Non-Destructive Testing
Ni Nickel
OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer
PEEK PolyEther Ether Ketone
PIM Powder Injection Moulding
P&P Pick&Place
QA Quality Assurance
SW Software
Ti Titanium
TRL Technology Readiness Level
VC Value Chain
VET Vocational Education and Training
5
1 Introduction
This document aims at presenting the additive manufacturing (AM) implementation

map on market driven value chains and constitutes an open working document, de-
veloped in the framework of FoFAM project Industrial and regional valorization of FoF
Additive Manufacturing projects (Grant agreement no. 636882).
This roadmap was designed with the aim to offer a strategy for building the funda-
mental knowledge and actions necessary to accelerate the design, application and
implementation in the market of AM.
It is fundamental for the value chain selection to originate from the investigation of sec-
tors with the most potential to contribute to bridging the gap between current knowl-
edge and the successful commercialisation of AM manufactured products or services.
The sectors and market addressed in this roadmap have been selected according to the
FoFAM project need to be relevant to the techno-logical advancements across Europe
and their potential to positively influence societal and economic challenges. Therefore,
this selection is based on the evi-dence collated from the sector surveillance activity
and the growth and impact analysis performed within the project and the contribution
of the experts attending the 1st FoFAM workshop held in Brussels on September 2015.
In light of this the following sectors have been identified:
Medical and dental
Aerospace
Automotive
Consumer goods (including electronics)
Industrial equipment
These sectors were also the focus of a number of relevant documents i.e. the European
Additive Manufacturing Strategic Research Agenda, which highlights priority areas for
future development in AM.
Version: December 2016.
2 Gaps and actions on the value chains
For each of selected sectors, a value chain (VC) approach was followed to find the gaps pre-venting complete
market deployment and proposed the corresponding needed actions. The VC is defined as the activities from
knowledge to market along a process to generate and add value. The analysis takes place at VC segment level
(Fig 1).
Fig. 1 Value Chains segments defined
The timeline for the proposed actions is also indicated considering the following:
Short term: 2017-2020
Medium: 20202025
Long: 2025-beyond
The actions proposed are classified in two groups:
Cross-cutting actions relevant to all sectorial value chains, responding both to techno-logical and non-
technological gaps
Actions specific to a particular value chain, addressing both technological and non-technological gaps
Moreover, technical gaps include the current Technology Readiness Level (TRL). TRLs are based on a scale from
1 to 9 with 9 being the most mature technology (fig. 2).
7
TECHNOLOGY
DESCRIPTION
READINESS LEVEL
TRL 1. Basic principles observed
TRL 2. Technology concept formulated
TRL 3. Experimental proof of concept
TRL4. Technology validated in lab
TRL5. Technology validated in relevant environment (industrially relevant environment in the case of key enabling
technologies)
TRL 6. Technology demonstrated in relevant environment (industrially relevant environment in the case of key enabling
technologies)
TRL 7. System prototype demonstartion in operational environment
TRL 8. System complete and qualified
TRL 8. Actual system proven in operational environment (competitive manufacturing in the case of key enabling
technolgies; or in space)
Fig. 2 Value Chains segments defined

2.1 Cross-cutting actions
2.1.1 technological cross-cutting actions

A number of technical challenges were identified that cut across all sectors (fig. 3).
Short term Medium term Long term
Modelling and simulation

MODELLING integration in design processes
DESIGN Design guidelines
Availability
of quality,
Material
economical
materials
In process monitoring and control

Process Integrating Improved heat
Simulation/prediction of thermal / AM sources
residual stress for LMD technologies
Knowledge
into existing
repository
industrial
Post- Quality
Reduce post processing steps/activities processes/
Process management chains
systems
Develop procedures and methods for
qualification and certification of AM
PRODUCT products
Develop methodologies for preventing

or correcting product defects
Assessment of
recycling, reuse
and waste to
End of life Batch-to-batch recycling of materials
determine life
cycle costs
Fig. 3 Summary of non-technological cross-cutting gaps

9
Short term actions
VC Current
ACTION NAME CONTEXT (GAP) ACTIONS PROPOSED
SEGMENT TRL
Modelling and Development of accurate mod- Complete realisation from design to part. Holis-tic 7-8
simulation elling and simulation tools is modelling approaches using multi-physics, multiscale
integration an important fun-damental simulation and going from process parameters and
in design building block. Fast, economic simulation to product mechani-cal properties, via ther-
processes modelling is required. Some in- mal mapping/history of the workpiece.
divid-ual and local action is on-
Modelling
Stochastic/empirical modelling techniques uti-lizing a

going, especially in uni-versities large volume of data (knowledge reposi-tory)
and research centres, but not Generation of material data is still needed: de-velop-
central-ized. Thus, alignment of ment of databases (material, properties and relation
efforts is needed to pro-gress in to surface condition)
this matter and achieve higher Integration of modelling in the general process
TRLs
Utilization of FP7/H2020 projects outcomes in this
field to build from
Design The engineering and design Establishment of a set of generic AM design rules with 7-8
guidelines community requires much guidelines integrated with design modelling tools
more knowledge in how to use Design guidelines should not be limited to just the AM
AM technology. Design process process but also include the entire manu-facturing
should not be hampered by aspects of AM in combination with both preparations,
standard rules on how to de- pre- and post-processing
Design
sign. Development of topology optimization method-olo-

gies in the design phase to move from fea-ture-based
to function-based design with the aim to support the
ongoing work of ISO TC/261 jointly with ASTM F42 on
the subject
Creation of a central European data bank as base refer-
ence
In process Process monitoring is im-por- -Development of real-time in-process fast-er/cheaper 4-6

monitoring and tant for quality and production measurement techniques to enable total control.
control throughput. Improvement of Bring inspection techniques more developed in sub-
control technologies are need- tractive manufacturing to the world of AM
ed to enable effective in pro- Definition of the parameters to be controlled
cess measurement as cur-rent In-situ process monitoring of materials pro-cessing
ones are not robust enough. and allow for product defect detection
Need for in-process moni-toring In-line non-destructive testing and/or in-situ analysis
and control to min-imize de-
Process
on the AM product
fects and increase reproducibil-
Knowledge of monitoring and NDT capabilities in AM
ity and pro-cess reliability
situations and surface conditions
Implementation of existing AM manufacturing plat-
forms to be fully integrated with the process
Automated conformity assessments, and its cross val-
idation with existing standards; for ex-ample dynamic
certification based on similar parts, processes, designs
and material combina-tions, including big data, data
safety and security
Simulation/ The selection of optimum pro- Investigation of thermal distortion of thin walls and 4-6
prediction cess parameters for reducing substrates to optimize tool paths and depo-sition
of thermal / structural dis-tortion and resid- strategies to either control or minimize distortion.
Process
residual stress ual stresses by simulation in la- Thermal field mapping (from machine sensors) in or-
for LDM ser direct manufactur-ing (LDM) der to determine residual stresses and dis-tortion.
Investigating how the process parameters affect ther-
mal field, microstructure and mechanical properties
to enable prediction of material properties.
VC Current
SEGMENT TRL
Reduce post Post-processing involves re- -Automation of post processing to minimise manual 4-6
processing moval of the part from the operations
steps/activities platform and/or fin-ishing Further investigation and evaluation of the ef-fect of
the part. This seg-ment of the different post-processing operations (for example dif-
manufactur-ing VC should be ferent heat treatments, Hot isostatic pressure (HIP)
mini-mised, automated and in- etc.)
tegrated in the overall process Integration of the AM process in a single pro-cess/hy-
as much as possi-ble. Moreover, brid machine to reduce the need of post-processing
post pro-cessing quality and activities
Post-process
relia-bility should be improved. Models and datasets are needed to improve post-
processing control of material properties and the final
product.
In-line process control
Development of intelligent fix and handling sys-tems
Identifying a cost effective and adequate surface fin-
ishing method
Understanding how the removal of material from the
surface impacts the oversize of the de-sign
Investigate how post-processing can be sup-ported
via modelling providing a complete digi-tal track of all
steps
Develop A quick and cost-effective cer- Adaptive and flexible qualification for products Product
procedures and tification should be developed. Experimental: development of a matrix of re-quired
methods for There is a need for qualification mechanical tests and acceptance criteria (e.g. tension,
qualification and certification methods that bending, fatigue endurance, fatigue crack growth rate,
and will increase the number of cer- fracture toughness) that comply with certification
certification of tified quality AM parts. The abil- rules
AM products ity to certi-fy and qualify parts Modelling and design: Predictive models that develop
to ex-isting specifications (e.g. and demonstrate the capability of pre-diction (of
aerospace) is also im-portant. strength and fatigue life) to satisfy the certification re-
Product
quirements. These should take account of specific AM

material characteristics, such as graded microstruc-
tures, residual stress-es due to thermal load distribu-
tion and aniso-tropic properties of the final parts
Classification and categorization of defects in AM
components and creation of an Atlas of de-fects. De-
fects nomenclature standardization
Development of a European wide system to cer-tify
companies that carry out AM (for example ISO3834).
This is crucial to ensure the quality of the products
that are produced
Develop Preventing defects such evolu- Use of a knowledge repository to improve process 6-7
methodologies tion of micro struc-tures, crack- reliability
for preventing ing or work-piece distortion. The Prevention of defects module during the de-sign
or correcting real gap is process .To be linked/incorporated with product build
product defects Linked with in-line con-trol and preparation (build direction, nest-ing, maintenance
in-process quality control ac- etc.)
tivities Monitor the process inside the component fab-rication
Product
in order to anticipate defects

Investigate the consequence of de-fects/porosity/sur-
face condition under service load conditions (fatigue
loads), and identify the critical defect shape /size that
could lead to premature failure.
Explore effective post-processing methods (e.g. heat
treatment, HIPing, laser peening) to reduce defect size.
Identify the best manufacturing route for a product
11
VC Current
SEGMENT TRL
Batch-to-batch Reusing feedstock for parts pro- Develop guidelines for testing , reuse and recy-cling 4-6
recycling of duction. (for example per alloy/process)
materials Need for standard validation procedure for ma-terial
End of life
properties in parts produced with feed-stock that has

been subjected tore-use or recy-cling, as well as guide-
lines for acceptable mate-rial properties and actions
that restore the mate-rial properties to the original
target values
Knowledge Databases of process param- Knowledge generation for the effect of AM pa-ram- 4-6
repository eters and material properties eters (including waste streams), to the ener-gy con-
need to be developed to en- sumption and environmental footprint
able determination of product Generation and availability of data regarding mechani-
Complete VC
design and establishment of cal properties, dimensional accuracy, surface rough-

material design allowances for ness etc. coupled with the respec-tive machine char-
specific processes. acteristics and process param-eters.
AM material information database to enable the cor-
rect choice of AM materials
Investigations on effect of several protective gases /
mixtures on material characteristics
MEDIUM term actions
Current
TOPIC GAP NAME CONTEXT ACTION
TRL
Availability AM community relies on a lim- Dedicated topics on materials and chemistry for de- 4-6
of quality, ited selection of conventional veloping new polymers (and charge, where relevant).
economical feedstock material. The avail- Nylon is emerging now, other poly-mers like PEEK or
materials ability of quality, economically similar could be a new fron-tier. Polymers with low CTE
feasible raw materials or feed- Ultra-high temperature materials (refractory, compos-
stocks should be fostered. The ite, others). New alloys with high tem-perature capabil-
range of available materials ity
Material
needs to be expanded. Research into materials suitable for printing of multi-

functional components/ Multi-material for multi-func-
tional parts towards smart systems
Research on materials compatibility with cur-rent and
novel AM processing technologies
Novel materials resulting in fewer undesirable by-prod-
ucts and less waste
Reinforce collaboration between designers, ma-terial
producers and AM machine manufacturers
Quality Quality management system Development of AM-process chain monitoring solu- 4-6
management covering the whole AM-process tions, protocols and data systems, which gi-ve indica-
systems chain from powder to the final tion about the conformance of the AM-process chain
Process / Product
product, as a basis for part with existing standards and rules

qualification, and AM-process Development of statistically based knowledge about
chain surveillance. This in- the influence of AM-processing-chain pa-rameters on
cludes data gained from pre- the final part quality
process analysis (powder), pro- Development of specific AM-quality manage-ment
cess monitoring solutions as standards. Definition of quality on several levels: micro-
well as machine data etc. structure, mechanical properties and discontinuities
Setup of a qualification label for AM service providers
Current
TRL
Integrating AM Integration in the shop floor Integration of entire process chains, data man-age- 4-6
technologies requires attention as AM ma- ment (single source)
into existing chines do not stand alone in fac- Interfaces development
Complete VC
industrial tories. Combination with other Evaluate/reconfigure CAD/CAM systems. CAD-CAM

processes/ machinery (subtractive, metal- Platforms to support the integration of AM processes
chains lization, inspection, assembly) and equipment
allows complex process chains Fully automated AM processes connected via ERP and
and highly functional products, with the other machines in the produc-tion lines, to pro-
thus higher value and possible duce single parts in continuous production flow
sale prices.
LONG term actions
Current
TRL
Improved heat The heat or light source (in Development of improved heat trans-fer/control/distri- 1-3
sources most) AM equipment is a bottle bution/strategy/new la-sers/energy sources etc.
neck for im-proved production
quan-tity and accuracy (resolu-
Process
tion).
This is a very important issue
in terms of indus-tries linked to
glass manu-facturing (not only
jewel-lery, but e.g. also optics).
Assessment of There is a shortage of ma-terial Environmental Impact Module/Evaluator will acquire 1-3
recycling, reuse recycling services and means real-time process data from measure-ment systems
and waste to for reusing AM materials. Definition and quantification of environmental KPIs
determine life such as energy consumption, waste streams, heat
cycle costs emission and gaseous emissions
Connection with LCA databases will enable the appli-
End of life
cation of LC methodologies for accurate analysis of the

environmental impact of AM pro-cesses, incorporating
an environmental perspec-tive into decision-making
processes for transi-tioning to AM
Development of effective feedstock recycling process-
es
Development of regulatory requirements for re-cycling
metal powders and production of func-tional parts
13
2.1.2 Non-technological cross-cutting actions
Cross sectorial gaps related to non-technological areas such standardisation, education & train-ing, communica-
tion, etc. have been identified (fig 4).
Effective communication on
COMMUNICATION technology real capabilities
and impact
Develop AM specific Develop an European

EDUCATION AND
TRAINING
educational and training network system for AM
modules education and training
Increased industry
Standard protocols for round
STANDARDISATION engagement on standards
robin testing
development
AM sustainable business Boosting Competitiveness at

Business models
models European level
Creation of a suitable IP
Regulation
framework
Fig. 4 Summary of non-technological cross-cutting gaps

Short term actions
TOPIC GAP NAME CONTEXT (GAP) ACTION PROPOSED
Effective In some cases, the AM technology/ Use of existing communication networks of reference (e.g.
communication term has been over-characterised Platforms, industrial associations, standardisation commit-
of the and described by excessive media tees) to inform the different communities and foster dialogue
technology for hype and expectations. This has between them. Moreover, to reach the general public and policy
real applications brought serious damage to the cred- maker, sector magazines, newspapers and 2.0 tools (Twitter,
and impact ibility and development of the AM You Tube) should be further exploited.
industry. To ensure rapid and effec- Coordination with local industrial chambers and organ-isation,
tive guides, real benefits and impact including umbrella organizations, of training days/seminars in-
need be communicated to industry.
Communication
cluding practical workshops

Screening of existing/ organisation of events, confer-ences to
present the novelties, bringing examples of good collabora-
tions, success stories in industrial imple-mentation, and soci-
etal impact. This includes bringing together different stake-
holders (policy makers, industry, end-users etc.) and adopting
a correct communication channel for each of them
Attention to the development of use cases where businesses
in application sectors can have access to technology facilities
and use AM equipment, thereby im-proving their practical un-
derstanding of this technology. This would tackle the problem
related to overall con-servative attitude towards AM in indus-
try
Develop New jobs around AM will be created. Map existing Educational programs and actors in Aca-demic
AM specific Finding the workforce with the right and Industry
educational competences is a challenge. Thus, Promote collaboration of educational bodies with in-dustry
and training knowledge gaps and educational and governments at regional, national and EU levels towards
modules needs for the AM workforce need to the inclusion of AM aspects on the educa-tional curricula in an
be identified and addressed. Training effective way
and education estab-lishments need Ensure that AM curricula addresses employers needs and
to preserve and develop the employ- includes both technical (AM and traditional manu-facturing
ability of workers. Industry and other processes, materials, design for AM, safety, etc.) and business
employers (e.g. Standardisa-tion
Education and training
related aspects. They should target different levels: manage-

bodies, IPR entities etc.) should be ment, engineers, shop floor, etc. - from University level to the
also engaged in the process in order operator level, focusing not only in preparing a new workforce
to align their needs with regard to but also in re-skilling the existing one to work and implement
skills with the educational contents. AM
AM education and training re-quires Introduce new means of teaching: For example practical mod-
an integrated and in-terdisciplinary ules held at industrial or specialized R&D centres.
approach to prepare the current and
Provide AM training programs to gain AM knowledge and expe-
future workforce to boost AMs real
rience for workers seeking alternative em-ployment pathways
potential.
Initiation of learning technology related courses at school level
Use of standards as a base for all training materials and cours-
es (certification by professional bodies) from in-dustry training
to higher education
Offer support for collaborative and community-oriented maker
spaces/events that, as informal learning envi-ronments, pro-
mote awareness of AM among society
15
Increased To accelerate AM market take up, Lower the barrier to engaging stakeholders by centrali-zation
industry industry should be further engage in of standardisation activities in specific key meet-ings/events
engagement CEN, ASTM, and ISO standards devel- etc.
on standards opment. Pos-sible barriers concern- Promote the ongoing activities on standardization at a wider
development ing time and money to follow this level. Continuous interaction with local, national, EU and inter-
activ-ity should be minimized. national standards development bod-ies/activities should be
Standardisation
pursued
Support further engagement via H2020 projects or oth-er rel-
evant projects with central focus on AM to evaluate possible
use of results for standards elaboration. When suitable a Work
Package dedicated to dealing/engaging with standardisation
should be mandatory. Another al-ternative could be having a
continuous standarisation project that interacts and coordi-
nates with existing pro-jects
Explore feasibility to evaluate which standards already ap-
proved and existing in non-AM sectors can be extend-ed to AM
AM sustainable Business cases and models are still Evaluation of AM capabilities for new products and structures.
business models needed to show decision makers Identification of appropriate use cases, right applications and
what is possible with AM and how markets, and development of practical solutions for the pro-
it could impact their business (for duction and distribution of the products.
Business models
parts, for prototyping, for production Success models for business collaboration, realising current
processes) bottlenecks and best practices for transferability of novel tech-
nologies
Explore existing AM manufacturing platforms and ma-terials
to evaluate suitability as an alternative manufac-turing solu-
tion
Business and economic model analysis. Cost estimation
Consideration of 3D parts models access and IPRs pos-sible is-
sues
Medium term actions
Development AM is a fast developing technology Creation of a European network for AM education as a central
of a European constantly changing, and education- reference hub for training and educational pur-poses, covering
network al contents and training guidelines VET, HE etc.
system for AM need to be updated at the same Development of harmonized qualification and certifica-tion
education and speed and in a sustainable way to system for AM, covering all European Qualifications Frame-
training ensure the system tackles immedi- work (EQF) levels. The system would address the needs for
ate and future needs. Moreover, a training and qualification (and re-qualification) of personnel at
Education and training
broad topic tackling a wide sector all levels. Consideration also of different training needs of the
spectrum should be able to cover all different end-users sectors industri-al, educational and con-
aspects and increase dedicated re- sumers in order to generate suita-ble support material
sources, establish new educational Quality assurance system to guarantee the quality of the train-
partnerships to deliver broad educa- ing provided along with standard best practices
tion. Resource and facilities sharing, good quality course ma-terials
and other contents provided to create and sustain AM educa-
tion across Europe
Promote students/workers/teachers exchange among educa-
tional establishments and practices in compa-nies/R&D cen-
tres
Coordination with local industrial chambers and organi-sation
of training days/seminars and practical workshops
Standard AM materials, equipment and pro- Test methods/standards for characteristics of raw mate-rials
protocols for cess need to be qualified to repeat- (feedstock) for validation before manufacturing. In-put from
Standardisation
round robin edly produce high-quality parts. material providers to define the relevant ease of testing
testing The availability of several types of Encourage/initiate inter-laboratory comparisons
processes, machines and materi- Develop conformity assessment protocols to allow for multi-
als complicates this action. These ple manufacturing processes providing similar parts and tools
protocols are needed to enable in- Inter-exchangeability of norms and standards, simulation and
dependent testing of processes and monitoring based certification process instead of final parts
equipment and to establish trust on based testing.
the technology.
Boosting Leverage a rich knowledge base in To boost truly collaborative environments and networks
Competitiveness AM to gain competitive advantage in among the regions and Member States following their ca-pa-
at European Europe by accelerate the adoption of bilities (RIS3 strategy) / needs along the value chains segments
Business models
level these technologies To analyse the need of the creation of an EU Makes por-tal /
platform similar to USA model
To coordinate policy actions and incentives at the lo-cal/re-
gional/national or EU level
AM marking / branding / labeling. Made by AM
Development of practical solutions for the production and dis-
tribution of the products
Long term actions
Creation of Currently there is no case law about Revision of the regulatory texts and the addition of spe-cific
a suitable IP AM/ 3D-Printing. Knowing the real categories for AM and 3D-Printing
framework implications of AM will take some To explore on who and what should be regulated, and li-ability
Regulation
time and it will most likely happen aspects

that legislation comes after the act. To explore the need of regulating AM specifically and separate-
IP law needs a great change to be ly
able to deal with the threats that will To assess current protection tools : copyright, Patents, Design
be coming with 3D-Printed objects Rights, Utility Models, Trade , Industrials Secrets
17
2.2 Sectorial actions
2.2.1 Technological actions for health value chain
Bio-AM modelling development
Modelling methods for

customised implants and
MODELLING medical devices
Lack of understanding of how

implants perform after surgery
Development of lower cost

biocompatible materials
Material
Validation of mechanical and
thermal properties of existing
materials
Viable processes for fabrication

of smart scaffolds and for
Process
construction of 3D biological
and tissue models
Product with improved Biological structures

PRODUCT
functionality development for drug testing
Assessment of recycling, reuse

End of life and waste to determine life
cycle costs
Fig. 5 Summary of technological identified gaps in the health sector

Short term actions
VC Current
GAP NAME CONTEXT ACTION
segment TRL
Development Novel bio-functional ma-terials New or adapted processes for bio-functional powder 4-6
of lower cost capable of suppor-ting the use production.
biocompatible of printing in current and novel Adapted equipment for bio-functional powder use
materials human and diagnostic applica- Development of new machine concepts e.g. for graded
tions are needed. Mate-rials material properties and multi material combinations
for medical applica-tions (e.g. Development of new composites based on pol-ymer/
Material
implants, dental elements, ceramic and ceramics reinforced metal (metal matrix
chirurgical in-struments) must composites, i.e. MMCs)
meet high demands on biocom-
New materials: e.g. magnesium, copper, bio-degradable
patibility and reliability.
polymers, etc.
Linked with cross-cutting gap.
Focus on biocompatibility and required perfor-mance
properties
Mechanical characterisation comparison with tradi-
tional materials
Validation of Material quality control and Significant experimental effort needed and population 7-8
mechanical high reliability materials are of corresponding databases
and thermal key issues for medical applica- Improve process stability. Brittle fracture is a key prop-
properties tions that require validation. erty to be assessed, i.e. fracture tough-ness and effect
of existing of small defect on the fracture property
Material
materials Implement methods to improve quality across batches

of used and raw material
Develop best-practice for machine and feed-stock han-
dling, round-robin testing and mapping of process pa-
rameters vs. material properties
Research the effects of heat treatment and post pro-
cessing operations
Viable Production of parts for medi- Development to enable industrial fabrication and im- 4-6
processes for cal applications require special plementation for medical applications
fabrication processes and equipment Encourage synthesis of multi-material porous struc-
of smart ture for impregnation
Process
scaffolds and Novel equipment supporting printing of bio-compatible

for construction fabrication including multi-material and printing of liv-
of 3D biological ing cells.
and tissue
models
Medium term actions
VC Current
segment TRL
Bio-AM Fine mesh structures of AM Increase research and knowledge of bio-AM in cell re- 3-4
modelling promote osseointegration in sponse and tissue growth behaviour.
development implants or drug release of
Modelling
Investigate the robustness of models including repeat-

medicine. Therefore, analy- ability
sis and simulation of cell re- Converging biotechnology, engineering and medical ex-
sponses and cell tissue growth pertise
behavior is required Material models for controlled drug release
19
VC Current
segment TRL
Modelling Advanced modelling tools com- Compilation of specifications and identification of cur- 3-4
methods for bining various medical imaging rent capability gaps in available software
customised methods with modelling and Development of scanning and surgical meth-ods; for
implants and design to support AM produc- example the development of multi-physics, multiscale
Modelling
medical devices tion are needed for efficient use modelling tools to ensure functionality and safety of
of AM. parts and increase the understanding of how it will
perform after sur-gery (from grain size or molecule to
component level)
Development of file compatibility between im-aging
and AM modelling software
Lack of Knowledge of long term clini- Development of modelling tools that recognise how 1-3
understanding cal performance of AM im- implants will perform after surgery (from the tissue to
of how implants plants will help to optimise the the material and implant)
Modelling
perform after effects. Long term clinical observations that aim to un-der-
surgery Long term clinical per- stand the health related performance. This should use
formance of AM implants im- a case approach in which the full fi-nancial impact on
proving the advantages of AM the value chain is detailed. To include participation of
in medical sector all stakeholders (medi-cal, organisational, financial, in-
surance, patients supply etc.)
Product with Materials for introducing new Development of smart parts by embedding sensors 1-3
Product
improved functionalities and/or produc- and/or effectors

functionality ing inte-grated electronics to Use of nanomaterials and nanotechnologies to improve
broaden the application of AM material properties;
Assessment of Recovery and reuse of ex-pen- Demonstration of pilot line operating with closed loop- 1-3
recycling, reuse sive recycling and reuse of precious ma-terials
and waste to AM materials without compro- Set up of exemplary processes through demon-stration
determine life mising reliability and safety of projects
cycle costs produced critical parts. Development of automated conformity assess-ment
End of life
Linked with cross-cutting gap. protocols/systems to secure entry status and in-pro-
cess validation of the quality, safety and security of the
designs, (recycled) material, differentiated for use cat-
egories in the Medical arena
Use a case approach to estimate the full finan-cial im-
pact on the value chain when making use of recycled
materials, including risk assessments and financial
impact of those risks
Long term actions
VC Current
segment TRL
Biological Biological structures that can Exploration of materials and biological factors to cre- 1-3
structures mimic key biological functions ate conditions similar to human physiology
Product
development can help improving drugs de-

for drug testing velopment and replacing ani-
mal testing.
2.2.2 Non-technological actions for health value chain
AM quality for medical/

Standardisation
dental applications
New AM business
Business models opportunities in the medical
sector
Fig. 6 Summary of Non-technological identified gaps in the health sector
Short term actions
AM quality for To boost the large market up- Development of standards and certifications that enlarge the num-
medical/dental take of AM in the medical sec- ber of stakeholders but also enables easier partici-pation
applications tor there is a need to develop Development of standard testing methods for AM based components
standards and/or protocols Development of concepts that ensure process robustness, equivalent
Standardisation
which can be accepted by to non-AM processes

stakeholders. This is due to the Development of automated conformity assessment proto-cols/sys-
existing rigorous restrictions in tems as to secure entry status and in-process vali-dation of the quali-
this sector to novel products / ty, safety and security of the designs, (re-cycled) material, production
processes. method and build strategy, and end part validation, differentiated for
use categories in the Medical arena
Development of standards regarding intrinsically safe ma-terials to
be used for implants
New AM New business opportuni-ties Evaluation of AM capabilities for new products and struc-tures. Iden-
business that deliver patient specific tification of appropriate use cases
opportunities requirements, re-duce the pill Explore existing AM manufacturing platforms and materi-als to eval-
in the medical burden, drug testing etc. and uate suitability as an alternative manufacturing solution
sector enable simplification of the Exploration of molecular AM processes and systems for tailored drug
sup-ply chain whilst accelerat- delivery
ing new developments.
Business models
Business and economic model analysis

Research on the regulatory framework. Consideration of possible
burdens of existing/new regulations (e.g., new Eu-ropean Medical de-
vice regulation on the way (MDR 2016 and MEDDEV 2.7/1)
Integrate AM into the regular toolkit of the Medical and Dental spe-
cialists
Workflow development incorporating the full life cycle savings in
healthcare, including the effects on investments, insurance, public
healthcare, financing
CSA type project involving the medical, pharmaceutical, patients, AM
community
21
2.2.3 Enablers for health value chain
Further details on actors capabilities and projects objectives and results can be found in the Annexes.
MODELLING & PROCESS, POST-

TYPE DESIGN MATERIALS END OF LIFE
SIMULATION EQUIPMENT, ITC PROCESSING
AITIIP AITIIP AITIIP AITIIP AITIIP AITIIP
Aragn (Spain) Aragn (Spain) Aragn (Spain) Aragn (Spain) Aragn (Spain) Aragn (Spain)
CETIM CETIM CEA CEA CETIM CEA
Rhne-Alpes Rhne-Alpes Rhne-Alpes Rhne-Alpes Rhne-Alpes Rhne-Alpes
(France) (France) (France) (France) (France) (France)
Coventry Coventry CETIM CETIM Coventry CETIM
University University Rhne-Alpes Rhne-Alpes University Rhne-Alpes
West Midlands West Midlands (France) (France) West Midlands (France)
(UK) (UK) (United Kingdom)
Coventry Coventry Coventry
EURECAT IMDEA University University CTTC University
Catalua (Spain) Madrid (Spain) West Midlands West Midlands Limousin (France) West Midlands
(UK) (UK) (UK)
IMDEA IMR IMDEA
Madrid (Spain) Southern and CTTC CTTC Madrid (Spain) IMR
Eastern (Ireland) Limousin (France) Limousin (France) Southern and
IMR IMR
EURECAT East-ern (Ireland)
Southern and PRODINTEC EURECAT Southern and
Catalua (Spain)
Eastern (Ireland) Asturias (Spain) Catalua (Spain) Eastern TECNALIA
IMR (Ireland) Pas Vasco
KIMAB TECNALIA IMDEA
Southern and (Spain)
Stockholm Pas Vasco Madrid (Spain) PRODINTEC
Eastern (Ireland)
(Sweden) (Spain) Asturias (Spain) TNO
IMR
KIMAB Noord-Brabant
PRODINTEC TNO Southern and TECNALIA
Stockholm (Netherlands)
Asturias (Spain) Noord-Brabant Eastern (Ireland) Pas Vasco
(Sweden)
RTOs (Netherlands) (Spain) TWI
TECNALIA KIMAB
PRODINTEC South Yorkshire
Pas Vasco TWI Stockholm TUKE
Asturias (Spain) (UK)
(Spain) South Yorkshire (Sweden) Vchodn
(UK) TECNALIA Slovensko
TNO Lurederra (RTO)
Pas Vasco (Slovakia)
Noord-Brabant Navarra (Spain)
(Spain)
(Netherlands) TNO
TECNALIA
TUKE Noord-Brabant
TWI Pas Vasco
Vchodn (Netherlands)
South Yorkshire (Spain)
Slovensko
(UK) TWI
TUKE (Slovakia)
South Yorkshire
Vchodn
TNO (United Kingdom
Slovensko
Noord-Brabant
(Slovakia)
(Netherlands)
TNO
TWI
Noord-Brabant
South Yorkshire
(Netherlands)
(UK)
TWI
South Yorkshire
(UK)

AIM Sweden +90 (SME) +90 (SME) +90 (SME) +90 (SME) Altran
(SME) Turkey Turkey Turkey Turkey Deutschland
Mellersta AIM Sweden AIM Sweden AIM Sweden (LE) Hamburg
AIM Sweden
Norrland (SME) (SME) (SME) (Germany)
(SME)
(Sweden) Mellersta Mellersta Mellersta DAppolonia (LE)
Mellersta
Altran Norrland Norrland Norrland Norrland Lazio and Liguria
Deutschland (Sweden) (Sweden) (Sweden) (Sweden) (Ita-ly)
(LE) Hamburg Altran Altran Altran EOS (LE)
Altran
(Germany) Deutschland Deutschland Deutschland Oberbayern
Deutschland
DAppolonia (LE) (LE) Hamburg (LE) Hamburg (LE) Hamburg (LE) Hamburg (Germany)
Lazio and Liguria (Germany) (Germany) (Germany) (Germany) KMWE (LE)
(Italy) DAppolonia (LE) DAppolonia (LE) DAppolonia (LE) Noord-Brabant
DAppolonia (LE)
EOS (LE) Lazio and Liguri Lazio and Liguria Lazio and Liguria Lazio and Liguria (Netherlands)
Oberbayern (Italy) (Italy) (Italy) (Italy) SIEMENS (LE)
(Germany) EOS (LE) EOS (LE) EOS (LE) Berlin (Germany)
Industry EOS (LE)
including small ESI Group (LE) Oberbayern Oberbayern Oberbayern
Oberbayern
and medium le de France (Germany) (Germany) (Germany)
(Germany)
enterprises (France) ESI Group (LE) KMWE (LE) KMWE (LE)
(SME) and large KMWE (LE) le de France Noord-Brabant Noord-Brabant KMWE (LE)
enterprises (LE) Noord-Brabant (France) (Netherlands) (Netherlands) Noord-Brabant
(Netherlands) (Netherlands)
KMWE (LE) LCV (SME) LVC (SME)
MATERIALISE Noord-Brabant Antwerpen Antwerpen LINDE France
(LE) Vlaams- (Netherlands) (Belgium) (Belgium) Rhne-Alpes
Brabant LCV (SME) LINDE France LINDE France (France)
(Belgium) Antwerpen Rhne-Alpes Rhne-Alpes MATERIALISE
SIEMENS (LE) (Belgium) (France) (France) (LE) Vlaams-
Berlin (Germany) MATERIALISE MATERIALISE MATERIALISE Brabant
TRIDITIVE (SME) (LE) Vlaams- (LE) Vlaams- (LE) Vlaams- (Belgium)
Asturias (Spain) Brabant Brabant Brabant SIEMENS (LE)
(Belgium) (Belgium) (Belgium) Berlin (Germany)
SIEMENS (LE) MBN (SME) SIEMENS (LE)
TRIDITIVE (SME)
Berlin (Germany) Veneto (Italy) Berlin (Germany)
Asturias (Spain)
TRIDITIVE (SME) SIEMENS (LE) TRIDITIVE (SME)
Asturias (Spain Berlin (Germany) Asturias (Spain)
AD Global (HR) AD Global (HR) AD Global (HR) AD Global (HR) AD Global (HR) AD Global (HR)
(Catalua-Spain/ (Catalua-Spain/ (Catalua-Spain/ (Catalua-Spain/ (Catalua-Spain/ (Catalua-Spain/
UK) UK) UK) UK) UK) UK)
Berenschot (CS) Berenschot (CS) Berenschot (CS) Berenschot (CS) Berenschot (CS) Berenschot (CS)
Utrecht Utrecht Utrecht Utrecht Utrecht Utrecht
Others (Netherlands) (Netherlands) (Netherlands) (Netherlands) (Netherlands) (Netherlands)
including Flam3d (Associa- Flam3d (Associa- Flam3d (Associa- Flam3d (Associa- Flam3d (Associa- Flam3d (Associa-
consultancy tion) tion) tion) tion) tion) tion)
services Flanders Flanders Flanders Flanders Flanders Flanders
(CS), human (Belgium) (Belgium) (Belgium) (Belgium) (Belgium) (Belgium)
resources (HR), IDEA (CS) IDEA (CS) IDEA (CS) IDEA (CS) IDEA (CS) IDEA (CS)
associations, Bruxelles- Bruxelles- Bruxelles- Bruxelles- Bruxelles- Bruxelles-
clusters Capitale Capitale Capitale Capitale Capitale Capitale
(Belgium) (Belgium) (Belgium) (Belgium) (Belgium) (Belgium)
Mtikem (Cluster) Matikem Matikem Matikem
Nord-Pas-de- (Cluster) (Cluster) (Cluster)
Calais (France) Nord-Pas-de- Nord-Pas-de- Nord-Pas-de-
Calais (France) Calais (France) Calais (France)
23

ADDFACTOR ADDFACTOR 3D HIPMAS 3D HIPMAS ADDFACTOR BOREALIS
BOREALIS BOREALIS ADDFACTOR ADDFACTOR BOREALIS MANSYS
HI-MICRO HI-MICRO BORELAIS BOREALIS HYPROLINE
HYPROLINE HYPROLINE HYPROLINE CASSAMOBILE MANSYS
FoF
MANSYS MANSYS MANSYS HI-MICRO OPTICIAN2020
Projects
NEXTFACTORY OPTICIAN2020 TOMAX HYPROLINE
with applicable
OPTICIAN2020 SMARTLAM MANSYS
results to this
SMARTLAM SYMBIONICA OPTICIAN2020
sector
SYMBIONICA PHOCAM
TOMAX SMARTLAM
SYMBIONICA
TOMAX
2.2.4 Technological actions for aerospace value chain
New modelling tools for

Further development of
MODELLING process and materials
complex shaped structures
processing
Simplified assembly of
DESIGN complex parts through
optimised AM design
Quality and consistency

of powder production
Material
New materials with
improved functionality
Process of new multi-

Improved repair
materials
Strict requirements and its
Closed
Process difficult to standardisation application by AM
loop
machine and weld of Production
Process control
materials chain Hybrid manufacturing
Improved process
control and
reproducibility of nozzle-
based AM techniques
Post- Improved surface quality

Process and finishing particularly
Production of larger airframe

PRODUCT structures through AM
technologies
End of life
Fig. 7 Summary of technological identified gaps in the aerospace sector

Short term actions
VC Current
segment TRL
New modelling Design optimization in combi- Address simulation of the thermal conditions in the 5-6
tools for nation with process reliability part in combination with topological optimization of
process and Fully integrate AM process the support structure and fixturing
materials modelling in state of the art Conduct a state-of-art literature survey of existing
processing software systems for efficient
Modelling
models and models that are currently being developed.

and optimized modelling Integration of state of the art tools emerging from FP7
Linked with cross-cutting gap. programs
Deployment towards higher TRL
Encourage modelling using machine parameters as
entry parameters, and establish links with mechanical
properties
Simplified Advanced design tools to help Introduce topology optimization methodologies in the 6-7
assembly utilize the advantages of AM design phase to move from feature-based to function-
Design
of complex based design

parts through Topology optimization and CAD return
optimised AM
design
Quality and Raw material quality control Work on material quality, shape for powder and size in 6-7
consistency is key in aerospace business. order to have a well-controlled material for the 3D pro-
of powder Moreover, having the right re- cess
Material
production quirement for powder batch Quality and consistency of powder production. Improve
acceptance is required for cer- processes for powder production with better distribu-
tification compliance tion size control
Connected to automotive sec-
tor gap
New materials Reliability of AM produced Development of shape memory alloys (thermal and 4-6
with improved parts during their life time is magnetic) piezoelectric actuators and electro active
functionality essential for aerospace appli- polymers
cations. Lightweight materials (e.g. titanium alloys)
Reliable high performance Extreme operating temperatures superalloys for tur-
materials (light weight, strong, bine components
high temperature, reliable) and Improved dynamic (fatigue) materials properties: De-
special materials velopment of new alloys with improved dynamic prop-
Material
Linked with cross-cutting gap. erties and the development of advanced composites
including high mechanical resistance ceramic particles
in metal matrix
Development of materials with improved creep and oxi-
dation resistance
Development of new routes for powder production to
enable cheaper powders
Development of wire feedstock with chemistry tailored
for AM applications
Process of new Enabling the use of multi mate- Development of smart parts by embedding sensors 1-3
multi-materials rial, graded material including and/or effectors
reliable modeling tools and op- Development of new machine concepts e.g. for graded
timized processes material properties and multi material combinations
and the development of modelling tools to support this
Process
activity
Fatigue and fracture toughness properties; effect of de-
fects
Residual stress in materials, caused by AM process and
miss-match of different material properties (i.e. elastic
modulus and coefficient of thermal expansion)
25
VC Current
segment TRL
Process Machining and welding of super Establish methodology with machine parameters 1-3
difficult to alloys produced by AM (Ni and through defined design of experiments
machine and Ti based) can be very difficult. New optimized cutting tools (in terms of materials and
Process
weld materials Specific problems that occur geometry) for AM parts

should be solved to make more Use of ceramics
use of AM in combination with Development of appropriate modelling tools to support
other processes this activity
Improved It is required to demonstrate Implement real thermal field mapping (from machine 4-6
process that the key process param- sensors) to determine residual stresses.
control and eters are under control for cer- Data regarding mechanical properties, dimensional ac-
reproducibility tification in this sector. curacy, surface roughness etc. coupled with the respec-
of nozzle-based Repeatability, reproducibil- tive machine characteristics and process parameters
AM techniques ity and performance of AM pro- Develop in-situ multiscale analysis methods by vision
cesses can be improved using systems and image processing
Process
knowledge and tools, in order In line control towards zero defects

to get predictable outcome of
Make use of established know-how in polymer FDM, in-
the process.
jection moulding and PIM
Lack of availability of suitable
monitoring systems for AM; Interaction with the design and modelling VC seg-
Incorporation into existing ma- ments, i.e. design and process iterations
chines to control quality during Structural integrity analysis: design against fatigue and
building process design for damage (defect) tolerance
Closed loop Closed loop control for yield Create closed-loop and adaptive control systems with 4-5
control optimised processes. This is feedback capabilities
necessary for processing and Directly identify errors in the process and try to repair
Complete VC
equipment right performance, them on the spot without losing the whole build job
and the ability to qualify and Efficient modelling tools to provide intelligent feed-
certify parts and processes. back control
Current building processes of-
ten perform the printing with-
out recognizing errors during
the fabrication.
Strict Increased reliability by stand- Analysis of solidification / cooling rate + defects of the 4-6
Complete VC
standardisation ardisation of all production bulk material properties

of Production steps and process control Understanding of the influence coming from mass /
chain size of product and predictions for scalability of AM
processes
Assessment of final heat treatment
Medium term action
VC Current
segment TRL
Further The ability of AM to produce Develop algorithms to automatically generate stress 7-8
development optimised complex shapes can optimized lattice structures (Preliminary design)
of complex only be utilised if these shapes Develop automated plausibility checks for structures
shaped can be designed. under constraints (Preliminary design).Integrate CAD
structures packages with AM process (Conceptual design)
Design
(e.g. lattice Integration of simulation into the design phase (both in

structures) the Preliminary and Detail design)
Extension of topology optimization tools (Concept de-
sign: optimisation for weight savings)
Structural Integrity & Durability assessment (Detail de-
sign)
Improved repair Repair of expensive parts (eg Develop and adapt the process chain for repair ap- 6-7
requirements turbine blades) by adding new proach in order to have an easy process and a final
and its material at worn regions. product with the best properties
application by Combine and specify with development of appropriated
AM standards
Process
More advanced repair operations through selective

re-application of advanced alloy materials (e.g. IN718).
Possibly in combination with some hybrid manufactur-
ing solution, would and should be a part of industrial
process development, evaluation and demonstration
projects
Improved It is required to demonstrate Create advantage by combining small complex and 4-5
process that the key process param- functional AM parts with large volume parts with only
control and eters are under control for cer- stability as a function
reproducibility tification in this sector. Development of combined AM/subtracting with very
of nozzle-based Repeatability, reproducibil- good control of final product geometry and properties
AM techniques ity and performance of AM pro- Hybrid solutions should not necessarily be implement-
cesses can be improved using ed within the same machine: develop techniques for
Process
knowledge and tools, in order AM integration in the industrial production system and/
to get predictable outcome of or Hybrid fabrication processes using multiple AM and
the process. other processes
Lack of availability of suitable Joining technologies, e.g. by welding, to join AM with
monitoring systems for AM; AM or conventional materials to form a larger or com-
Incorporation into existing ma- plex geometry part
chines to control quality during
building process
Improved Complex lattice structures are Research into the effect of post processing operations 6-7
surface quality difficult to reach for post pro- and automation of post processing.
and finishing cess surface treatments. Development of materials (cermet/metcer)
particularly Surface finishing can improve
Post-process
Develop new cost-effective surface finishing processes

the fatigue properties of a for example combination of AM and subtractive manu-
workpiece as cracks can start facturing
at the surface of the part. Reduce and control particles size of powder
Optimisation of post-processing, e.g. on balance of cost
(time, money) vs. material quality (residual stress, de-
fect size, strength)
27
VC Current
segment TRL
Production of Increasing the size envelopes Development of new machines with larger build enve- 5-6
larger airframe and the productivity of the lopes, higher productivity, and integrated post-process-
structures printers at a reasonable cost is ing
through AM needed. Assembly operations to be reduced towards the end of
Product
technologies the production line

Address critical issues such as reliability of the process
both over a large area, and over long building times. For
example detection and elimination of faults with 100%
certainty, achieve consistency of properties and mini-
mize tension over a large build area and volume.
2.2.5 Non-technological actions for aerospace value chain
Application of standards for

Standardisation
aerospace requirements
Fig. 8 Summary of Non-technological identified gap in the aerospace sector
Short term actions
Application The ability to certify and qual- Increase engagement of aerospace OEMs in AM Platform/commu-
of standards ify parts to existing aerospace nity to contribute with AM specific requirements for aerospace ap-
for aerospace specifications is important plications
Standardisation
requirements for the deployment of these Have a clear technological and manufacturing readiness with plan
technologies in this sector. It is in place to go further on more critical/complex parts to show to Air
needed to show to the certifica- authorities
tion bodies that AM technical Develop/structure AM supply chain in Europe (from prototype world
and industrial base could be in to serial production)
line with normal practices in Perform gap analysis for acceptance of AM structures to existing
the sector. manufacturing standards and develop a clear route to acceptance
2.2.6 Enablers for aerospace value chain
PROCESS,
MODELLING & POST-
TYPE DESIGN MATERIALS EQUIPMENT, PRODUCT END OF LIFE
SIMULATION PROCESSING
ITC
AITIIP AITIIP AITIIP AITIIP AITIIP AITIIP AITIIP
Aragn(Spain) Aragn (Spain) Aragn (Spain) Aragn (Spain) Aragn (Spain) Aragn (Spain) Aragn (Spain)
Andaltec Andaltec Andaltec CEA CETIM Andaltec Andaltec
Andaluca Andaluca Andaluca Rhne-Alpes Rhne-Alpes Andaluca Andaluca
(Spain) (Spain) (Spain) (France) (France) (Spain) (Spain)
CETIM CETIM CEA CETIM Coventry CETIM CEA
Rhne-Alpes Rhne-Alpes Rhne-Alpes Rhne-Alpes University Rhne-Alpes Rhne-Alpes
(France) (France) (France) (France) West Midlands (France) (France)
Coventry Coventry CETIM Coventry (UK) Coventry CETIM
University University Rhne-Alpes University CTTC University Rhne-Alpes
West Midlands West Midlands (France) West Midlands Limousin West Midlands (France)
(UK) (UK) Coventry (UK) (France) (UK) Coventry
IMDEA IMDEA University CTTC IMDEA CTTC University
Madrid (Spain) Madrid (Spain) West Midlands Limousin Madrid (Spain) Limousin West Midlands
IMR IMR (UK) (France) IMR (France) (UK)
Southern Southern CTTC IMR Southern IMR IMR
and Eastern and Eastern Limousin Southern and Eastern Southern Southern
(Ireland) (Ireland) (France) and Eastern (Ireland) and Eastern and Eastern
Inspire AG Inspire AG IMDEA (Ireland) Inspire AG (Ireland) (Ireland)
Switzerland Switzerland) Madrid (Spain) Inspire AG Switzerland Inspire AG TECNALIA
KIMAB LMS IMR Switzerland PRODINTEC Switzerland Pas Vasco
Stockholm Dytiki Ellada Southern KIMAB Asturias LMS (Spain)
(Sweden) (Greece) and Eastern Stockholm (Spain) Dytiki Ellada TNO
RTOs LMS PRODINTEC (Ireland) (Sweden) TECNALIA (Greece) Noord-Brabant
Dytiki Ellada Asturias Inspire AG LMS Pas Vasco Lurederra (Netherlands)
(Greece) (Spain) Switzerland Dytiki Ellada (Spain) Navarra (Spain) TWI
M2i TECNALIA KIMAB (Greece) TNO PRODINTEC South
Zuid-Holland Pas Vasco Stockholm PRODINTEC Noord-Brabant Asturias Yorkshire (UK)
(Netherlands) (Spain) (Sweden) Asturias (Netherlands) (Spain)
PRODINTEC TNO Lurederra (Spain) TUKE TECNALIA
Asturias Noord-Brabant Navarra (Spain) TECNALIA Vchodn Pas Vasco
(Spain) (Netherlands) M2i Pas Vasco Slovensko (Spain)
TECNALIA TWI Zuid-Holland (Spain) (Slovakia) TNO
Pas Vasco South (Netherlands) TNO TWI Noord-Brabant
(Spain) Yorkshire (UK) TECNALIA Noord-Brabant South (Netherlands)
TNO Pas Vasco (Netherlands) Yorkshire (UK) TWI
Noord-Brabant (Spain) TUKE South
(Netherlands) TNO Vchodn Yorkshire (UK)
TWI Noord-Brabant Slovensko
South (Netherlands) (Slovakia)
Yorkshire (UK) TUKE TWI
Vchodn South
Slovensko Yorkshire (UK)
(Slovakia)
TWI
South
Yorkshire (UK)
29
PROCESS,
MODELLING & POST-
ITC
AIM Sweden +90 (SME) +90 (SME) +90 (SME) +90 (SME) AIM Sweden Altran
(SME) Turkey Turkey Turkey Turkey (SME) Deutschland
Mellersta AIM Sweden AIM Sweden AIM Sweden AIM Sweden Mellersta (LE) Hamburg
Norrland (SME) (SME) (SME) (SME) Norrland (Germany)
(Sweden) Mellersta Mellersta Mellersta Mellersta (Sweden) DAppolonia
Altran Norrland Norrland Norrland Norrland Altran (LE)
Deutschland (Sweden) (Sweden) (Sweden) (Sweden) Deutschland Lazio and
(LE) Hamburg Altran Altran Altran Altran (LE) Hamburg Liguria (Italy)
(Germany) Deutschland Deutschland Deutschland Deutschland (Germany) EOS (LE)
DAppolonia (LE) Hamburg (LE) Hamburg (LE) Hamburg (LE) Hamburg DAppolonia Oberbayern
(LE) (Germany) (Germany) (Germany) (Germany) (LE) (Germany)
Lazio and CRIT (SME) CRIT (SME) CRIT (SME) DAppolonia Lazio and KMWE (LE)
Liguria (Italy) Emilia- Emilia- Emilia- (LE) Liguria (Italy) Noord-Brabant
EOS (LE) Romagna Romagna Romagna Lazio and EOS (LE) (Netherlands)
Oberbayern (Italy) (Italy) (Italy) Liguria (Italy) Oberbayern Safran (LE)
(Germany) DAppolonia DAppolonia DAppolonia EOS (LE) (Germany) le de France
ESI Group (LE) (LE) (LE) (LE) Oberbayern KMWE (LE) (France)
Industry le de France Lazio and Lazio and Lazio and (Germany) Noord-Brabant SIEMENS (LE)
including (France) Liguria (Italy) Liguria (Italy) Liguria (Italy) KMWE (LE) (Netherlands) Berlin
small and KMWE (LE) EOS (LE) EOS (LE) Noord-Brabant LCV (SME) (Germany)
EOS (LE)
medium Noord-Brabant Oberbayern Oberbayern (Netherlands) Antwrpen
Oberbayern
enterprises (Netherlands) (Germany) (Germany) (Belgium)
(Germany) LINDE France
(SME)
MATERIALISE ESI Group (LE) KMWE (LE) KMWE (LE) Rhne-Alpes LINDE France
and large
(LE) Vlaams- le de FranceNoord-Brabant Noord-Brabant (France) Rhne-Alpes
enterprises
Brabant (France) (Netherlands) (Netherlands) MATERIALISE (France)
(LE)
(Belgium) KMWE (LE) LCV (SME) (LE) Vlaams- MATERIALISE
LVC (SME)
Safran (LE) Noord-Brabant Antwerpen Antwerpen Brabant (LE) Vlaams-
le de France (Netherlands) (Belgium) (Belgium) (Belgium) Brabant
(France) LCV (SME) LINDE France Safran (LE) (Belgium)
LINDE France
TRIDITIVE Antwerpen Rhne-Alpes Rhne-Alpes le de France Safran (LE)
(SME) (Belgium) (France) (France) (France) le de France
Asturias MATERIALISE MATERIALISE SIEMENS (LE) (France)
MATERIALISE
(Spain) (LE) Vlaams- (LE) Vlaams- Berlin TRIDITIVE
(LE) Vlaams-
Brabant Brabant Brabant (Germany) (SME)
(Belgium) (Belgium) (Belgium) TRIDITIVE Asturias
Safran (LE) Safran (LE) (SME) (Spain)
Safran (LE)
le de France le de France le de France Asturias
(France) (France) (France) (Spain)
TRIDITIVE TRIDITIVE
(SME) (SME)
Asturias Asturias
(Spain) (Spain)
PROCESS,
MODELLING & POST-
ITC
AD Global (HR) AD Global (HR) AD Global (HR) AD Global (HR) AD Global (HR) AD Global (HR) AD Global (HR)
(Catalua- (Catalua- (Catalua- (Catalua- (Catalua- (Catalua- (Catalua-
Spain/UK) Spain/UK) Spain/UK) Spain/UK) Spain/UK) Spain/UK) Spain/UK)
Berenschot Berenschot Berenschot Berenschot Berenschot Berenschot Berenschot
(CS) (CS) (CS) (CS) (CS) (CS) (CS)
Utrecht Utrecht Utrecht Utrecht Utrecht Utrecht Utrecht
Others (Netherlands) (Netherlands) (Netherlands) (Netherlands) (Netherlands) (Netherlands) (Netherlands)
including Flam3d Flam3d EWF EWF Flam3d Flam3d Flam3d
consultancy (Association) (Association) (Association) (Association) (Association) (Association) (Association)
services Flanders Flanders Bruxelles- Bruxelles- Flanders Flanders Flanders
(CS), human (Belgium) (Belgium) Capitale Capitale (Belgium) (Belgium) (Belgium)
resources (HR), IDEA (CS) IDEA (CS) (Belgium) (Belgium) IDEA (CS) IDEA (CS) IDEA (CS)
associations, Bruxelles- Bruxelles- Flam3d Flam3d Bruxelles- Bruxelles- Bruxelles-
clusters Capitale Capitale (Association) (Association) Capitale Capitale Capitale
(Belgium) (Belgium) Flanders Flanders (Belgium) (Belgium) (Belgium)
(Belgium) (Belgium)
IDEA (CS) IDEA (CS)
Bruxelles- Bruxelles-
Capitale Capitale
(Belgium) (Belgium)
AMAZE AMAZE AMAZE AMAZE AMAZE AMAZE AMAZE
FoF
BOREALIS BOREALIS BOREALIS BOREALIS BOREALIS BOREALIS BOREALIS
Projects
HYPROLINE HYPROLINE HYPROLINE CASSAMOBILE HYPROLINE HYPROLINE MANSYS
with
MANSYS MANSYS MANSYS HYPROLINE MANSYS MANSYS STELLAR
applicable
STELLAR STELLAR STELLAR MANSYS STELLAR STELLAR
results to this
TOMAX TOMAX STELLAR
sector
TOMAX
31
2.2.7 Technological actions for automotive value chain
Improved modelling tools for

MODELLING
materials processing
Part simplification for

DESIGN
multifunctional parts
Quality and consistency of

Material
powder production
Increased process reliability Larger certified build

and stability chambers
Process
Higher production rates and Hybrid manufacturing
cheaper systems
Cost per unit part

PRODUCT
Reproducibility of parts
End of life
Fig. 9 Summary of technological identified gaps in the automotive sector
Short term actions
VC Current
segment TRL
Improved AM produced part simulation Increase understanding of the microstructure-material 6-7

modelling tools prior to production to enable properties relationships. Foster the academic structure
for materials first time right and minimal in the simulation of material microstructure (coarse-
processing lightweight design (FEM, ther- grained, montecarlo, random walk)
mal history, porosity model- Develop mulitiphysics, multiscale modelling, from
Modelling
ling, multiphysics, topology grain size or molecule towards components

optimized, AM material proper- Holistic modelling approaches using multiphysics sim-
ties table). ulation going from process parameters and simulation
Linked with cross-cutting gap. to product mechanical properties, via thermal map-
ping/history of the workpiece
Stochastic/empirical modelling techniques utilizing a
large volume of data (knowledge repository)
VC Current
segment TRL
Quality and Material quality and - control Involvement of powder and resin manufacturers in AM 5-6
consistency is a key factor for a quality Platform
of powder controlled AM manufacturing Work on material quality, shape for powder and size in
production process. Implement new de-
Material
order to have a well-controlled material for the 3D pro-

velopments and benefit and cess
encourage close links/cooper- Encourage developments based on nanotechnologies
ation with feedstock manufac- and nanomaterials texturing, coatings, spheroidization,
turers Connected to aerospace etc
sector gap
Increased Process reliability and stability Automation of the process, including loading/unload- 6-7
process are key for a successful indus- ing, support removal and post processing
reliability and trial process. Improvement of Develop in-situ multiscale analysis methods by vision
stability control technologies are need- systems and image processing
ed to enable effective in pro- Insert sensors in the AM machine in order to monitor
Process
cess measurement as current the quality of parts during the process

ones are not robust enough Study new solutions to improve the software that con-
trol the process
Standardization of all process steps
Methods to reduce the magnitude of residual stress
Reduce porosity and surface defects
Higher Economic use of AM requires Process planning considerations. 4-5

production lower cost per part, i.e. higher Encourage machine and equipment manufacturers
rates and productivity or lower machine from outside the AM scene to engage and develop con-
cheaper cost. One envisioned route is cepts/demo projects needed for studying feasibility
systems the hybridization, where more Process parameters optimization
than one process is engaged Machine speed improvement
Process
in one machine. This develop-

Users: learn how to design the part position into cham-
ment should be encouraged by
bers
market interests and competi-
tion Software optimises deposition paths to minimise de-
lays for cooling / curing and maintain stable thermal
field
Machine producers: increase the numbers of laser
sources/workheads
Cost per unit Economic use of AM requires Higher throughput, by intelligent process management 4-5
part lower cost per part, i.e. higher precision = slow, large structures = speed, design for
Product
productivity or lower machine better productivity, and cost efficient use of AM tech-
cost. nology - All these will be encouraged by the develop-
ment and demonstration of market ready AM processes
Development of low price materials
Reproducibility Economic use of AM requires Create standards and certifications 6-7

of parts lower cost per part, i.e. higher Definition of parameter exchange to get a higher repro-
productivity or lower machine ducibility of the process
Product
cost. Development of best-practice in feedstock and ma-

chine handling
Round-Robin testing of materials and process param-
eters
Machine accuracy improvement
33
Medium term actions
VC Current
segment TRL
Part Alignment and rolling out of Development of new design strategies and tools, for 6-7
simplification design methodologies, training the new material class, e.g. anisotropic properties and
for (demonstration material) and in-homogeneous microstructure, presence of residual
Design
multifunctional certification of design methods stress -Think design before part shape and properties
parts is suggested Identify parts that are suitable for AM production.
Need to train the approach of component fabrication
Benchmark costs (use expensive titanium fasteners vs.
AM-driven one-piece design)
Larger certified While AM processes are matur- Encourage machine and equipment manufacturers 5-6
build envelopes ing, conventional machine from outside the AM scene to engage and develop con-
manufacturers might come in cepts. This development is already in progress.
Process
and help to take current ma- Collaboration with the AM industry and research com-
chines to the next level of ma- munity is highly recommended
chine design and engineering. Study and design new solutions for the use of more
than 1 energy source in the build envelope
Hybrid Exploiting the capability of AM Create advantage by combining small complex and 4-5
manufacturing by integrating or combining functional AM parts with large volume parts with only
AM with other processes in the stability as a function
manufacturing stream Development of combined AM/subtracting with very
good control of final product geometry and properties
Hybrid solutions should not necessarily be implement-
ed within the same machine: develop techniques for
AM integration in the industrial production system and/
Process
or Hybrid fabrication processes using multiple AM and

other processes
Processing of inlays
Joining technologies, e.g. by welding, to join AM with
AM or conventional materials to form a larger or com-
plex geometry part. Attention should be paid to the
interface of the joints and residual stress in the heat af-
fected zones due to property mismatch and/or forced
fitting
2.2.8 Enablers for automotive value chain
PROCESS,
MODELLING & POST-
ITC
AITIIP AITIIP AITIIP AITIIP AITIIP AITIIP AITIIP
Aragn (Spain) Aragn (Spain) Aragn (Spain) Aragn (Spain) Aragn (Spain) Aragn (Spain) Aragn (Spain)
Andaltec Andaltec Andaltec CEA CETIM Andaltec Andaltec
Andaluca Andaluca Andaluca Rhne-Alpes Rhne-Alpes Andaluca Andaluca
(Spain) (Spain) (Spain) (France) (France) (Spain) (Spain)
CETIM CETIM CEA CETIM Coventry CETIM CEA
Rhne-Alpes Rhne-Alpes Rhne-Alpes Rhne-Alpes University Rhne-Alpes Rhne-Alpes
(France) (France) (France) (France) West Midlands (France) (France)
Coventry Coventry CETIM Coventry (UK) Coventry CETIM
University University Rhne-Alpes University IMDEA University Rhne-Alpes
West Midlands West Midlands (France) West Midlands Madrid (Spain) West Midlands (France)
(UK) (UK) Coventry (UK) IMR (UK) Coventry
EURECAT IMDEA University EURECAT Southern EURECAT University
Catalua Madrid (Spain) West Midlands Catalua and Eastern Catalua West Midlands
(Spain) IMR (UK) (Spain) (Ireland) (Spain) (UK)
IMDEA Southern EURECAT IMR Inspire AG IMR IMR
Madrid (Spain) and Eastern Catalua Southern Switzerland Southern Southern
IMR (Ireland) (Spain) and Eastern PRODINTEC and Eastern and Eastern
Southern Inspire AG IMDEA (Ireland) Asturias (Ireland) (Ireland)
and Eastern Switzerland Madrid (Spain) Inspire AG (Spain) Inspire AG TECNALIA
(Ireland) LMS IMR Switzerland TECNALIA Switzerland Pas Vasco
Inspire AG Dytiki Ellada Southern KIMAB Pas Vasco LMS (Spain)
Switzerland (Greece) and Eastern Stockholm (Spain) Dytiki Ellada TNO
RTOs KIMAB PRODINTEC (Ireland) (Sweden) TNO (Greece) Noord-Brabant
Stockholm Asturias Inspire AG LMS Noord-Brabant Lurederra (Netherlands)
(Sweden) (Spain) Switzerland Dytiki Ellada (Netherlands) Navarra (Spain) TWI
LMS TECNALIA KIMAB (Greece) TUKE PRODINTEC South
Dytiki Ellada Pas Vasco Stockholm PRODINTEC Vchodn Asturias Yorkshire (UK)
(Greece) (Spain) (Sweden) Asturias Slovensko (Spain)
M2i TNO Lurederra (Spain) (Slovakia) TECNALIA
Zuid-Holland Noord-Brabant Navarra (Spain) TECNALIA TWI Pas Vasco
(Netherlands) (Netherlands) M2i Pas Vasco South (Spain)
PRODINTEC TWI Zuid-Holland (Spain) Yorkshire (UK) TNO
Asturias South (Netherlands) TNO Noord-Brabant
(Spain) Yorkshire (UK) TECNALIA Noord-Brabant (Netherlands)
TECNALIA Pas Vasco (Netherlands) TWI
Pas Vasco (Spain) TUKE South
(Spain) TNO Vchodn Yorkshire (UK)
TNO Noord-Brabant Slovensko
Noord-Brabant (Netherlands) (Slovakia)
(Netherlands) TUKE TWI
TWI Vchodn South
South Slovensko Yorkshire (UK)
Yorkshire (UK) (Slovakia)
TWI
South
Yorkshire (UK)
35
PROCESS,
MODELLING & POST-
ITC
AIM Sweden +90 (SME) +90 (SME) +90 (SME) +90 (SME) AIM Sweden Altran
(SME) Turkey Turkey Turkey Turkey (SME) Deutschland
Mellersta AIM Sweden AIM Sweden AIM Sweden AIM Sweden Mellersta (LE) Hamburg
Norrland (SME) (SME) (SME) (SME) Norrland (Germany)
(Sweden) Mellersta Mellersta Mellersta Mellersta (Sweden) DAppolonia
Altran Norrland Norrland Norrland Norrland Altran (LE)
Deutschland (Sweden) (Sweden) (Sweden) (Sweden) Deutschland Lazio and
(LE) Hamburg Altran Altran Altran Altran (LE) Hamburg Liguria (Italy)
(Germany) Deutschland Deutschland Deutschland Deutschland (Germany) EOS (LE)
DAppolonia (LE) Hamburg (LE) Hamburg (LE) Hamburg (LE) Hamburg DAppolonia Oberbayern
(LE) (Germany) (Germany) (Germany) (Germany) (LE) (Germany)
Lazio and CRIT (SME) CRIT (SME) CRIT (SME) DAppolonia Lazio and KMWE (LE)
Liguria (Italy) Emilia- Emilia- Emilia- (LE) Liguria (Italy) Noord-Brabant
EOS (LE) Romagna Romagna Romagna Lazio and EOS (LE) (Netherlands)
Industry Oberbayern (Italy) (Italy) (Italy) Liguria (Italy) Oberbayern
including (Germany) DAppolonia DAppolonia DAppolonia EOS (LE) (Germany)
small and ESI Group (LE) (LE) (LE) (LE) Oberbayern KMWE (LE)
medium le de France Lazio and Lazio and Lazio and (Germany) Noord-Brabant
enterprises (France) Liguria (Italy) Liguria (Italy) Liguria (Italy) (Netherlands)
(SME) KMWE (LE)
and large MATERIALISE EOS (LE) EOS (LE) EOS (LE) Noord-Brabant LCV (SME)
enterprises (LE) Vlaams- Oberbayern Oberbayern Oberbayern (Netherlands) Antwerpen
(LE) Brabant (Germany) (Germany) (Germany) LINDE France (Belgium)
(Belgium) ESI Group (LE) LCV (SME) LVC (SME) Rhne-Alpes LINDE France
TRIDITIVE le de France Antewerpen Antwerpen (France) Rhne-Alpes
(SME) (France) (Belgium) (Belgium) MATERIALISE (France)
Asturias LCV (SME) LINDE France LINDE France (LE) Vlaams- MATERIALISE
(Spain) Antwerpen Rhne-Alpes Rhne-Alpes Brabant (LE) Vlaams-
(Belgium) (France) (France) (Belgium) Brabant
MATERIALISE MATERIALISE MATERIALISE (Belgium)
(LE) Vlaams- (LE) Vlaams- (LE) Vlaams-
Brabant Brabant Brabant
(Belgium) (Belgium) (Belgium)
TRIDITIVE
(SME)
Asturias
(Spain)
(Netherlands) (Netherlands) (Netherlands) (Netherlands) (Netherlands) (Netherlands) (Netherlands)
Flam3d Flam3d EWF EWF Flam3d Flam3d Flam3d
Others (Association) (Association) (Association) (Association) (Association) (Association) (Association)
including Flanders Flanders Bruxelles- Bruxelles- Flanders Flanders Flanders
consultancy (Belgium) (Belgium) Capitale Capitale (Belgium) (Belgium) (Belgium)
services IDEA (CS) IDEA (CS) (Belgium) (Belgium) IDEA (CS) IDEA (CS) IDEA (CS)
(CS), human Bruxelles- Bruxelles- Flam3d Flam3d Bruxelles- Bruxelles- Bruxelles-
resources (HR), Capitale Capitale (Association) (Association) Capitale Capitale Capitale
associations, (Belgium) (Belgium) Flanders Flanders (Belgium) (Belgium) (Belgium)
clusters Matikem (Belgium) (Belgium)
(Cluster) IDEA (CS) IDEA (CS)
Nord-Pas-de- Bruxelles- Bruxelles-
Calais (France) Capitale Capitale
(Belgium) (Belgium)
Matikem Matikem
(Cluster) (Cluster)
Nord-Pas-de- Nord-Pas-de-
Calais (France) Calais (France)
PROCESS,
MODELLING & POST-
ITC
FoF AMAZE AMAZE 3D HIPMAS 3D HIPMAS AMAZE 3D HIPMAS AMAZE
Projects BOREALIS BOREALIS AMAZE AMAZE BOREALIS AMAZE BOREALIS
with HiPR STELLAR BOREALIS BOREALIS HiPR BOREALIS STELLAR
applicable STELLAR STELLAR CASSAMOBILE STELLAR STELLAR
results to this HiPR
sector STELLAR
2.2.9 Technological actions for consumer (including electronics) value chain
Process modelling and support

MODELLING techniques for increased
functionality
Increased flexible design and

DESIGN
product customization
Material Materials development
Process Improving process sustainability
post- Improving post-processing and

Process product aesthetics
Growing mass customisation

PRODUCT 3D capturing technologies
of consumer products
Fig. 10 Summary of identified gaps in the consumer (electronics) sector
Short term actions
VC Current
segment TRL
Increased The use of design possibilities Use customization supported by automated software 7-8
flexible design of AM in customization is not tools to bring AM into the products/parts
and product optimal. Actions needed to Drafted pre-CAD files depending on product families
customization help implement this benefit for allowing further enhancement of design features. (Ap-
the sector(s). Also the link with plication independent)
intelligent AM parts (with em- Process chain modelling concepts
Design
bedded electronics) needs to be Improved topology optimisation tools

established. In order to allow
Establish linkages between electronics design and AM
for full-scale flexible electron-
geometry design in one design system towards first
ics a stronger linkage between
time right production of intelligent (IoT) AM products
materials, design and advanced
electronics is necessary as one Establish linkages between materials, design and ad-
of the key enablers in this seg- vanced electronics
ment Implementation of demonstration projects
37
VC Current
segment TRL
Materials New developments in this area Development of higher performance polymer material 5-6
development should be made to enable AM of able to produce 3D components with the same or en-
functional parts. Material prop- hanced properties as injected parts e.g. metallic, high
erties such as optical, mag- tech ceramics
netic, conductive, fluidics, are Development of multi-materials e.g. coated coloured
not implemented in AM well material or parts local properties
Material
enough today. Broader avail- AM materials that are comparable to established ma-
ability of multi-material parts terials: materials like metal, ceramics and glass, where
could lead to higher demand still important gaps (apart from polymers) in terms of
from consumers. properties exist.
Linked with cross-cutting gap. Conductive materials in AM
Advanced materials with new material and atomistic
models
Growing mass AM enables the involvement of Creation of an online platform able to manipulate CAD 7-8
customisation the consumer in the design of data, allowing both engineers and customers to inter-
of consumer their tailor made product. Tools act with the final product geometry
products should be developed / rolled Use customization supported by automated software
out to unlock this capability. tools (including multi-material, conductivity, electronic
The perspective of the creative functionality) to bring AM into the products/parts. Not
industry sector (fashion, art, only for design, but also directly to relevant manufac-
sports, jewellery) has a strong
Product
turing & logistics processes as integrated approach

focus on this aspect.. Mechanisms for modularisation of products
Analysis of process chains, allowing configuration of
products in a detailed manner
The creation of good product databases
Demonstration project
Customisation perspectives should include both B2C,
but also B2B perspectives (focus not only on consumer
side)
Improving post- AM for consumer puts high Development of parts with a specific look and feel 6-7
processing requirements for surface qual- Introduction of new process concepts (like carbon 3D
and product ity. Mostly post processing is and Printvalley) continuous processes without layering
aesthetics needed to achieve acceptable Improved topology optimization tools
level of part quality. Reduction of surface roughness (also for internal struc-
Use of the characteristics of tures)
materials and manufacturing
Utilizing products made by conventional technologies
Post-process
processes to produce func-

as inserts/basis for Additive & subtractive tailoring
tional and aesthetically pleas-
ing objects. Aesthetics play Colouring, nano-structuring to enhance surface prop-
obviously a key role regarding erties wear, wettability, antifouling, dust free
clients and it is an important Work on material and process with material ageing be-
factor for product acceptance haviour
and commercialization. Develop processes for post processing but also the AM
process in such a way that post processing becomes
more obsolete. Innovative support solutions. Role of
automation and support infrastructure in this field (e.g.
robotics).
Medium term actions
VC Current
segment TRL
Process Part final properties are direct- - Develop models able to predict final properties and 5-6
modelling ly linked to material properties process parameters Predictive modelling: model ma-
and support and part design. Predictive terial, processes leading to first time right production
techniques modelling. Guidelines & tools of products. Self-learning models with iterative correc-
for increased for first time right minimal de- tions will yield first time right products.
functionality sign (including design history
Modelling
Develop holistic modelling approaches using mul-

and FEM analysis) must be de- tiphysics simulation and going from process param-
veloped eters and simulation to product mechanical properties,
Linked with cross-cutting gap. via thermal mapping/history of the workpiece.
Implement stochastic/empirical modelling techniques
utilizing a large volume of data (knowledge repository).
Electronics design and AM geometry design in one de-
sign software system
Improving New developments including Development of more flexible/combination 3D process- 4-5

process the manufacturing processes es
sustainability in this area should be made to Develop hybrid process, incl. incorporation in existing
enable AM of functional parts. production processes or adaptation to existing inter-
Flexible and hybrid processes, faces, with high throughput
incl. incorporation in existing Equipment for integration of conductive tracks, Pick
production processes or adap- and Place of electronic components
tation to existing interfaces, Process comprises: multi-material, conductive tracks,
are essential.
Process
electronics,
Economic use of AM requires
Intelligent/IoT AM parts drive the manufacturing cycle
lower cost per part, i.e. higher
(which will be hybrid) themselves (4.0 approach).
productivity or lower machine
cost Processes for thermally conductive & fire retardant,
composite, Cermets, metal, carbon AM made products
VDevelop convergent processes towards smart devices
with multi-functionalities
Increase production speed for 3D printers Nowadays
big pieces (20 cm x 20 cm x 20 cm) can take many hours
(>10H). Should be nice print faster
3D capturing When personalised data is used Creation of algorithms/tools that will enable usage of 5-6
technologies in the AM design to provide low-cost commercially available equipment in order to
tailored, personalised AM built capture 3D geometry e.g. SW/APP to 3Dscan / capture
Product
products, (personal) 3D data from mobile device and create the 3D cad model. Then
capture (in an easy, accessible further elaborate. Cheap/Easy to use for high market
but safe way) needs to be es- penetration.
tablished
39
2.2.10 Non-technological actions for consumer (including electronics) value chain
Materials IPRs issues and strategy
Fig. 11 Summary of Non-technological identified gap in the consumer sector
Medium term actions
IPRs issues and Intellectual property implica- Development of a strategy to identify possible IP rights and issues
strategy tions of AM should be reviewed that may arise taking into account the interests of all stakeholders
to avoid that it hinders. Key IPR New forms of IPR mechanisms; clearer guidance on defining whether
IPRs
issues relate to AM designs and a CAD file could have copyright protection
copyrights. Designs could be
stolen and thus, reproduced.
2.2.11 Enablers for consumer value chain
PROCESS,
MODELLING & POST-
ITC
AITIIP AITIIP AIJU AITIIP AITIIP AIJU AITIIP
Aragn (Spain) Aragn (Spain) Comunidad Aragn (Spain) Aragn (Spain) Comunidad Aragn (Spain)
Andaltec Andaltec Valenciana Bangor Bangor Valenciana Andaltec
(Spain) (Spain)
Andaluca Andaluca University University Andaluca
(Spain) (Spain) AITIIP North Wales North Wales AITIIP (Spain)
Aragn (Spain) (UK) (UK) Aragn (Spain)
CETIM Bangor CEA
Andaltec Andaltec
Rhne-Alpes University CEA CETIM Rhne-Alpes
Andaluca Andaluca
(France) North Wales (Spain) Rhne-Alpes Rhne-Alpes (France)
Coventry (UK) (France) (France) (Spain) CETIM
Bangor
University CETIM University CETIM Coventry Bangor Rhne-Alpes
West Midlands Rhne-Alpes North Wales Rhne-Alpes University University (France)
(UK) (France) (UK) (France) West Midlands North Wales Coventry
EURECAT Coventry Coventry (UK) (UK University
CEA
Catalua University Rhne-Alpes University CTTC CETIM West Midlands
(Spain) West Midlands (France) West Midlands Limousin Rhne-Alpes (UK)
IMDEA (UK) CETIM (UK) (France) (France) IMR
Madrid (Spain) IMDEA Rhne-Alpes CTTC IMDEA Coventry Southern
Madrid (Spain) (France) Limousin Madrid (Spain) University and Eastern
IMR
Southern IMR Coventry (France) IMR West Midlands (Ireland)
University EURECAT Southern (UK)
and Eastern Southern Inspire AG
West Midlands Catalua and Eastern CTTC
(Ireland) and East-ern (UK) Switzerland
(Ireland) (Spain) (Ireland) Limousin
Inspire AG CTTC TECNALIA
IMR Inspire AG (France)
Switzerland Inspire AG Limousin Pas Vasco
Switzerland Southern Switzerland EURECAT (Spain)
KIMAB (France)
and Eastern PRODINTEC Catalua
Stockholm LMS EURECAT TNO
(Ireland) Asturias (Spain)
RTOs (Sweden) Dytiki Ellada Catalua Noord-Brabant
(Greece) (Spain) Inspire AG (Spain) IMR (Netherlands)
LMS
IMDEA Switzerland TECNALIA Southern
Dytiki Ellada PRODINTEC TWI
Madrid (Spain) KIMAB Pas Vasco and Eastern
(Greece) Asturias South
Stockholm (Spain) (Ireland)
M2i (Spain) IMR Yorkshire (UK)
Southern and (Sweden) TNO Inspire AG
Zuid-Holland TECNALIA
Eastern (Ireland) LMS Noord-Brabant Switzerland
(Netherlands) Pas Vasco
(Spain) Inspire AG Dytiki Ellada (Netherlands) LMS
PRODINTEC Switzerland
Asturias TNO (Greece) TUKE
Lurederra (Dytiki Ellada)
(Spain) Noord-Brabant PRODINTEC Vchodn
Navarra (Spain) (Greece)
TECNALIA (Netherlands) Asturias Slovensko
KIMAB (Spain) (Slovakia) Lurederra
Pas Vasco TWI Stockholm Navarra (Spain)
(Spain) South TECNALIA TWI
(Sweden) PRODINTEC
TNO Yorkshire (UK) Pas Vasco South
TECNALIA (Spain) Yorkshire (UK) Asturias
Noord-Brabant Pas Vasco (Spain)
(Netherlands) (Spain) TNO
Noord-Brabant TECNALIA
TWI TNO Pas Vasco
South Noord-Brabant (Netherlands)
(Spain)
Yorkshire (UK) (Neth-erlands) TUKE
Vchodn TNO
TUKE
Vchodn Slovensko Noord-Brabant
Slovensko (Slovakia) (Netherlands)
(Slovakia) TWI TWI
TWI South South
South Yorkshire Yorkshire (UK) Yorkshire (UK)
(UK)
PROCESS,
MODELLING & POST-
ITC
Altran +90 (SME) +90 (SME) +90 (SME) +90 (SME) Altran Altran
Deutschland Turkey Turkey Turkey Turkey Deutschland Deutsch-land
(LE) Altran Altran Altran Altran (LE) (LE)
Hamburg Deutschland Deutschland Deutschland Deutschland Hamburg Hamburg
(Germany) (LE) (LE) (LE) (LE) (Germany) (Germany)
DAppolonia Hamburg Hamburg Hamburg Hamburg DAppolonia DAppolonia
(LE) (Germany) (Germany) (Germany) (Germany) (LE) (LE)
Lazio and CRIT (SME) CRIT (SME) DAppolonia Lazio and Lazio and
CRIT (SME)
Liguria Emilia- Emilia- (LE) Liguria (Italy) Liguria (Italy)
Emilia-
(Italy) Romagna Romagna Lazio and EOS (LE) EOS (LE)
Romagna (Italy)
EOS (LE) (Italy) (Italy) Liguria (Italy) Oberbayern Oberbayern
DAppolonia
Oberbayern DAppolonia DAppolonia EOS (LE) (Germany) (Germany)
(LE)
(Germany) (LE) (LE) Oberbayern Kiwa (LE) Kiwa (LE)
Lazio and
ESI Group (LE) Lazio and Liguria (Italy) Lazio and (Germany) Zuid-Holland Zuid-Holland
Industry le de France Liguria (Italy) Liguria (Italy) Kiwa (LE) (Netherlands) (Netherlands)
including EOS (LE)
(France) EOS (LE) EOS (LE) Zuid-Holland LCV (SME) SIEMENS (LE)
small and Oberbayern
MATERIALISE Oberbayern (Germany) Oberbayern (Netherlands) Antwerpen Berlin
medium (LE) (Germany) (Germany) (Belgium) (Germany)
enterprises Kiwa (LE) LINDE France
Vlaams- ESI Group (LE) LCV (SME) Rhne-Alpes LINDE France
(SME) Zuid-Holland
Brabant (Bel- le de France Antwerpen (France) Rhne-Alpes
and large (Netherlands)
gium) (France) (Belgium) (France)
enterprises LCV (SME) MATERIALISE
(LE) SIEMENS (LE) LCV (SME) LINDE France (LE) MATERIALISE
Antwerpen
Berlin Antwerpen Rhne-Alpes Vlaams- (LE)
(Belgium)
(Germany) (Belgium) (France) Brabant Vlaams-
MATERIALISE
TRIDITIVE MATERIALISE MATERIALISE (Belgium) Brabant (Bel-
(LE)
(SME) (LE) (LE) SIEMENS (LE) gium)
Vlaams-
Asturias Vlaams- Vlaams- Berlin SIEMENS (LE)
Brabant
(Spain) Brabant Brabant (Germany) Berlin
(Belgium)
(Belgium) (Belgium) TRIDITIVE (Germany)
LINDE France
SIEMENS (LE) Rhne-Alpes SIEMENS (LE) (SME) TRIDITIVE
Berlin (France) Berlin Asturias (SME)
(Germany) (Germany) (Spain) Asturias
SIEMENS (LE)
TRIDITIVE TRIDITIVE (Spain)
Berlin
(SME) (Germany) (SME)
Asturias Asturias
(Spain) (Spain)
PROCESS,
MODELLING & POST-
ITC
(Netherlands) (Netherlands) (Netherlands) (Netherlands) (Netherlands) (Netherlands) (Netherlands)
Flam3d Flam3d EWF EWF Flam3d Flam3d Flam3d
Others (Association) (Association) (Association) (Association) (Association) (Association) (Association)
including Flanders Flanders Bruxelles- Bruxelles- Flanders Flanders Flanders
consultancy (Belgium) (Belgium) Capitale Capitale (Belgium) (Belgium) (Belgium)
services IDEA (CS) IDEA (CS) (Belgium) (Belgium) IDEA (CS) IDEA (CS) IDEA (CS)
(CS), human Bruxelles- Bruxelles- Flam3d Flam3d Bruxelles- Bruxelles- Bruxelles-
resources (HR), Capitale Capitale (Association) (Association) Capitale Capitale Capitale
associations, (Belgium) (Belgium) Flanders Flanders (Belgium) (Belgium) (Belgium)
clusters Matikem (Belgium) (Belgium) Matikem Matikem
(Cluster) IDEA (CS) IDEA (CS) (Cluster) (Cluster)
Nord-Pas-de- Bruxelles- Bruxelles- Nord-Pas-de- Nord-Pas-de-
Calais (France) Capitale Capitale Calais (France) Calais (France)
(Belgium) (Belgium)
Matikem Matikem
(Cluster) (Cluster)
Nord-Pas-de- Nord-Pas-de-
Calais (France) Calais (France)
ADDFACTOR ADDFACTOR 3D HIPMAS 3D HIPMAS ADDFACTOR D HIPMAS KRAKEN
CAXMAN CAXMAN ADDFACTOR ADDFACTOR CAXMAN ADDFACTOR
HI-MICRO HI-MICRO KRAKEN CASSAMOBILE HIPR CAXMAN
FoF
HIPR KRAKEN TOMAX CAXMAN KRAKEN HI-MICRO
Projects
KRAKEN OPTICIAN2020 HI-MICRO OPTICIAN2020 KRAKEN
with applicable
OPTICIAN2020 SMARTLAM HIPR OPTICIAN2020
results to this
SMARTLAM KRAKEN SMARTLAM
sector
TOMAX OPTICIAN2020
SMARTLAM
TOMAX
43
2.2.12 Technological actions for industrial equipment value chain
Simplified assembly of
DESIGN complex parts through
optimised AM design
Quality and consistency of

Material
powder production
Larger certified build chambers

Process Hybrid manufacturing Smaller feature sizes
Higher production rates
and cheaper systems
post- Dimensional and surface accuracy

Process of final parts produced
Quality control of
PRODUCT
manufactured parts
Fig. 12 Summary of technological identified gaps in the industrial equipment sector
Short term actions
VC Current
segment TRL
Simplified In order to help fast and suc- Create a new design approach and tools that include 7-8
assembly cessful implementation of AM, every part of a sub-system and support the merging
Design
of complex pragmatic actions are needed process of the components

parts through Increase the chamber dimension in order to produce
optimised AM larger parts, which in turn will allow several compo-
design nents to be merged together without an assembly step.
Hybrid Industrial implementation of Development of a higher number of solutions that 5-6

Process
manufacturing AM requires inclusion with and cover different combination of AM processes and other
embedding with other technol- technologies such as subtractive ones (i.e. Laser clad-
ogies in a hybrid setting ding and milling processes and turning process, etc.)
Quality To cope with the hesitation of Outline a series of standard tests, specific for AM able 6-7
Product
control of AM in this sector, a guideline/ to evaluate the quality of the manufactured parts
manufactured route for guaranteeing quality
parts should be presented
Dimensional To realise net shaped parts, Try to understand if requests on surface finishing and 6-7
Post-process
and surface most of the time post process- dimensional tolerances are necessary
accuracy of ing is required; how to optimize Consider these limits during the design phase, in order
final parts this? to better understand the parts and overcome the prob-
produced lem.
Medium term actions
VC Current
segment TRL
Quality and Material quality and - control Optimization of the feedstock manufacturing process 6-7
consistency is a key factor for a quality in order to narrow the properties range
Material
of powder controlled AM manufacturing Ceramic filled resins development for large size parts
production process Deepest monitoring of the quality control parameter
during the manufacturing process..
Larger certified AM processes building box Study and design new solutions for the use of more 7-8
build chambers quality and - control is a key than 1 energy source in the build envelope
Process
factor for a quality controlled Development of multi laser array light engine process
AM manufacturing process and associated equipment
Equipment development for large size (filled) resin
based materials
Higher Economic use of AM requires Teach users how to design the part position into the 5-6
production lower cost per part, i.e. higher build envelope
Process
rates and productivity or lower machine Machine producer to increase the numbers of heat
cheaper cost sources/workheads
systems EU Community to encourage investment in the second
generation of AM Machines
Long term actions
VC Current
segment TRL
Smaller feature To expand the additive technol- Development of equipment for nano-scale 3D struc- 7-8
sizes ogy towards micro and nano- tures
Process
scale, processes and equip- Technologies like 2 photon polymerisation deliver mi-
ment serving that scale should cro structures, to be expanded and extended
be further developed
45
3 Enablers details
Legend
Sectors: H=Health; AE=Aerospace; AU=Automotive; CG=Consumer goods; E=Electronics; O= other
VC segments: M&D=Modelling and simulation; D=design; M=materials;

P=process; PP=Post-processing; PR=product; EL= end of life
Process: PBF=Powder Bed Fusion; VP=Vat Photopolymerization; MJ=Material jetting;

ME=Material extrusion; SL=Sheet lamination; DED=Direct energy deposi-tion; BJ=Binder Jetting; O=Other
Non technology STD=standardisation; L=Legislation; EDU=Education/training;

activities: IE=Business, commercialisation, industrial exploitation; IPR=intellectual property rights;
TT=Technology Transfer
Non
SUPPLY COUNTRY/ VC AM AM
NAME WEBSITE Sectors technology
CHAIN Region segments processes Materials
activities
RTOs
R&D
Services
bureau Metal
www.aitiip. SPAIN/ STD, EDU IE,
AITIIP Materials All All PBF, VP, ME polymer,
com Aragn IPR, TT
provider biomaterials
Design
End user
R&D www. AE, AU, CG,
SPAIN/ M&D, D, M, VP, MJ, ME, Polymer,
ANDALTEC Design andaltec. E, O (food EDU, TT
Andaluca PR, EL BJ biomaterials
Prototyping org/en/ packaging)
Metal,
www-liten. FRANCE/ PBF, VP, MJ,
CEA R&D All M, P, EL polymer, TT
cea.fr Rhne-Alpes DED
ceramic
All, 3D Metal,
www.cetim. FRANCE/ STD, EDU,
CETIM R&D All All printing polymer,
fr/fr Rhne-Alpes IE, TT
metal biomaterials
www.
Coventry R&D UK/ West Metal, STD, EDU,
coventry. All All PBD, DED
University Design Midlands polymer IE, TT
ac.uk
Metal,
CSM R&D www.c-s-m.it ITALY/Lazio AE, AU M, PP, PR PBD, VP EDU, TT
ceramic
R&D
FRANCE/ M&D, AE, CG, VP, MJ, ME,
CTTC Materials www.cttc.fr M, P, PP, PR Ceramic EDU, TT
Limousin E, O (energy) SL, DED, BJ
provider
R&D
M&D, AU, CG, Metal,
Pilot and www. SPAIN/ M&S, M, P, EDU, IE, IPR,
EURECAT O (machinery PBF, ME, SL polymer,
testing eurecat.org Catalua PR TT
and tools) food
Training
www.
R&D Metal,
materials. SPAIN/ M&S, D, M,
IMDEA Materials All ME, SL polymer, EDU, TT
imdea.org/ Madrid PP
provider biomaterials
groups/pm
Non
activities
IRELAND/
R&D STD, L, EDU,
IMR www.imr.ie Southern All All All All
Design IE, TT
and Eastern
Metal,
R&D M&D, D, M, P, STD, EDU,
INSPIRE AG - SWITZERLAND All PBF, DED polymer,
Design PP, PR IE, TT
ceramic
www.swerea. SWEDEN/
KIMAB R&D All M&S, M, P PBF Metal EDU, TT
se/kimab Stockholm
R&D www.kmwe.com/
M&D, AE, O
Services Capabilities/
NETHERLANDS/ (semiconductors, PBF, DED,
KMWE bureau Additive- All Metal IE, TT
NoordBrabant industrial EBAM
OEMs Manufacturing.
automation)
Design htm
R&D
Design http://
GREECE/ PBF, VP, ME, Metal,
LMS Modelling and lms.mech. AE, AU,CG All STD, EDU, TT
Dytiki Ellada SL, DED polymer
simulation upatras.gr/
Experimentation
R&D, Materials Metal, polymer,
www. SPAIN/
Lurederra Materials All M, PR technology, ceramic, STD, IPR, TT
lurederra.es Navarra
provider nanotechnology nanomaterials
R&D AE, AU, O
NETHERLANDS/
M2i Services www.m2i.nl (maritime M&S, M PBF, DED Metal IPR, TT
ZuidHolland
bureau and offshore)
R&D
www.
Services SPAIN/ M&S, D, P, STD, EDU, IE,
PRODINTEC prodintec. All PBF, VP, SL All
bureau Asturias PP, PR IPR, TT
com
Design
IQS. Ramon Polymer,
SPAIN/
Llull R&D www.iqs.edu Own R&D M&S, D, M, P VP, ME ceramic, EDU, TT
Catalua
University biomaterials
www. SPAIN/Pas
TECNALIA R&D All All DED Metal L, IE, IPR
tecnalia.com Vasco
PBF, VP,
MJ, ME, BJ,
Metal,
continuous
R&D NETHERLANDS/ polymer, STD, EDU, IE,
TNO www.tno.nl All All SLS or
Design NoordBrabant ceramic, IPR, TT
material
food
jetting in
carousel
SLOVAKIA/
www.sjf.
TUKE End user Vchodn All M, P, PP ME Polymer EDU, TT
tuke.sk/kppt/
Slovensko
www.twi. UK/South
TWI R&D All All PBF, DED Metal STD, EDU, TT
co.uk Yorkshire
47
Non
activities
Industry
R&D,
Services
Bureau, www.arti90. D, M, P, PP,
+90 TURKEY All PBF, MJ, ME Polymer STD
OEMs, com PR
Design, End
User
R&D,
Services www. SWEDEN/ PBF, electron
M&D, AE, AU, M&S, D, M, P,
AIM Sweden Bureau, aimsweden. Mellersta beam Metal EDU, IE, TT
O. Industrial PP, PR
OEMs, com Norrland melting
Design
STD, LE,
R&D, Design, www.airbus. M&S, D, M, Metal,
AIRBUS SPAIN AE PBF, MJ; DED EDU, IE, IPR,
End user com PP, PR polymer
TT
R&D, OEM,
Metal,
ALTRAN Software www.altran. GERMANY/ STD, EDU, IE,
All All PBF, ME Polymer,
Deutschland provider, com Hamburg IPR, TT
Biomaterials
design
www.
ATLAS BELGIUM/ O (industrial M&S, D, P, Metal,
OEMs atlascopco. PBF, ME, BJ L, EDU
COPCO Antwerpen applications) PP, PR polymer
com
ITALY/
www.crit- Metal,
CRIT R&D Emilia- AE, AU, E D, M, P PBF EDU, IE, TT
research.it polymer
Romagna
R&D
Engineering
STD, EDU, IE, IPR,
consultancy www. Metal,
DAppolonia ITALY/Lazio All All All TT, roadmapping,
Operation dappolonia.it polymer
safety
and
maintenance
R&D
OEMs
Materials www.eos. GERMANY/ Metal,
EOS All All PBF STD, IE, IPR
& software info Oberbayern polymer
provider
End user
R&D
Software www.esi- FRANCE/le STD, EDU,
ESI Group All M&S, D PBF, DED Metal
provider group.com de France TT, IPR, IE
Design
www.swerea.
Kiwa R&D SWEDEN All M&S, M, P BPF Metal EDU, TT
se/kimab
R&D
Services BELGIUM/
LCV www.lcv.be All D, M, P, PR DED Metal STD, TT
Bureau Antwerpen
Design
Materials
PBF, MJ, SL,
provider
DED, BJ,
Process
cladding,
LINDE gases for AM www.linde- FRANCE/
All M, P, PP, PR metal Metal -
France + powder gas.fr Rhne-Alpes
deposition
production
(by laser or
+ post-
arc)
treatment
Non
activities
R&D
Services
Metal,
bureau www. BELGIUM/
M, D, M, P, PBF, VP, MJ, polymer, STD, L, IE,
MATERIALISE NV Software materialise. Vlaams- H, AE, AU, CG
PP, PR ME ceramic, IPR, TT
provider com Brabant
biomaterials
Design
End user
Metal,
R&D
ITALY/ H, O (cutting polymer,
MBN Materials www.mbn.it M PBF, DED, O -
Veneto tools) composite,
provider
intermetallic
R&D Metal,
www.safran- FRANCE/le
Safran OEMs AE All PBF, DED polymer, IE
group.com de France
End user ceramic
O
PBF, O (laser
R&D www.schunk. GERMANY/ (mechanical
SCHUNK M, D, PR sintering Polymer IE, IPR
Design com Stuttgart engineering,
plastics)
automation)
R&D
Software Metal,
www. GERMANY/ PBF, VP, ME, STD, L, EDU,
SIEMENS provider H, E All polymer,
siemens.com Berlin DED IE, IPR, TT
Design ceramic
End user
R&D http://
Services dynamics. SPAIN/ M&S, D, P,
TRIDITIVE All VP, ME Polymer EDU, IE, TT
bureau triditive. Asturias PP, PR
Design com/
49
Non
activities
Other
www.alexanderdanielsglobal.com
SPAIN & UK/
Human EDU, Hiring
AD Global Barcelona & All All All L All
Resources AM talent
Birmingham
www.
Consulting NETHERLANDS / STD, EDI, IE,
Berenschot berenschot. All All All All
company Utrecht IPR, TT
com
www. BELGIUM/
Consulting
IDEA ideaconsult. Bruxelles- All All All All L, IE, TT
company
be Capitale
Clusters/networks/associations
BELGIUM/ EDU, TT,
All Metal AM www.epma. Powder
EPMA Bruxelles- All PBF Metal networking,
supply Chain com metallurgy
Capitale synergy
Network sup-
porting regional Advanced
Innovation and BELGIUM/ Manufacturing
EDU, TT,
ERRIN implementation www.errin.eu Bruxelles- and - - -
networking
of Smart Capitale Nanotechnologies
Spe-cialisation Working Group
Strategies.
Education & BELGIUM/
AE, AU, CG, E, Metal, STD, EDU, IE,
EWF Training www.ewf.be Bruxelles- M, P PBD, DED
manufacturing polymer IPR, TT
Standardization Capitale
Cluster
www.flam3d. BELGIUM/
Flam3d Network All All - All All
be Flanders
Association
R&D
Services
Polymer,
bureau FRANCE/
en.matikem. D, M, P, PR, ceramic, STD, EDU, IE,
MATIKEM Materials Nord-Pas-de- M&D, AU, CG VP, ME
com EL food, IPR, TT
provider Calais
biomaterials
Design
End user

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Additive manufacturing

roadmap: gaps and

2 Gaps and actions on the value chains 6

This document aims at presenting the additive manufacturing (AM) implementation

2 Gaps and actions on the value chains

Fig. 1 Value Chains segments defined

TRL 1. Basic principles observed

TRL 2. Technology concept formulated

TRL 3. Experimental proof of concept

TRL4. Technology validated in lab

TRL 7. System prototype demonstartion in operational environment

TRL 8. System complete and qualified

Fig. 2 Value Chains segments defined

2.1 Cross-cutting actions

2.1.1 technological cross-cutting actions

Short term Medium term Long term

Modelling and simulation

DESIGN Design guidelines

In process monitoring and control

Develop methodologies for preventing

Fig. 3 Summary of non-technological cross-cutting gaps

Short term actions

Stochastic/empirical modelling techniques uti-lizing a

sign. Development of topology optimization method-olo-

In process Process monitoring is im-por- -Development of real-time in-process fast-er/cheaper 4-6

quirements. These should take account of specific AM

in order to anticipate defects

properties in parts produced with feed-stock that has

design and establishment of cal properties, dimensional accuracy, surface rough-

MEDIUM term actions

needs to be expanded. Research into materials suitable for printing of multi-

product, as a basis for part with existing standards and rules

industrial tories. Combination with other Evaluate/reconfigure CAD/CAM systems. CAD-CAM

LONG term actions

cation of LC methodologies for accurate analysis of the

2.1.2 Non-technological cross-cutting actions

Short term Medium term Long term

Develop AM specific Develop an European

AM sustainable business Boosting Competitiveness at

Fig. 4 Summary of non-technological cross-cutting gaps

Short term actions

TOPIC GAP NAME CONTEXT (GAP) ACTION PROPOSED

cluding practical workshops

related aspects. They should target different levels: manage-

TOPIC GAP NAME CONTEXT (GAP) ACTION PROPOSED

Medium term actions

TOPIC GAP NAME CONTEXT (GAP) ACTION PROPOSED

TOPIC GAP NAME CONTEXT (GAP) ACTION PROPOSED

Long term actions

TOPIC GAP NAME CONTEXT (GAP) ACTION PROPOSED

time and it will most likely happen aspects

2.2 Sectorial actions

2.2.1 Technological actions for health value chain

Short term Medium term Long term

Bio-AM modelling development

Modelling methods for

Lack of understanding of how

Development of lower cost

Viable processes for fabrication

Product with improved Biological structures

Assessment of recycling, reuse

Fig. 5 Summary of technological identified gaps in the health sector

Short term actions

materials Implement methods to improve quality across batches