Survey Kondisi

Condition Survey

Marine Surveyor Training

Jasa Marine ( Marine Services)
PT ( Persero ) Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia
Mengapa dilakukan Survey Kondisi ?

Untuk menentukan apakah kapal memenuhi

standard yang disyaratkan ( acceptable
standards ) atau tidak
Kapan Dilaksanakan ?

TUJUAN KLASSIFIKASI
NON KLASIFIKASI :
CHARTER
JUAL BELI
TAKSASI HARGA
DLL
PERSIAPAN INSPEKSI

Inspeksi ke kapal hanya akan berhasil jika

kapal yang akan diinspeksi telah disiapkan
untuk diinspeksi.

Inspeksi ke kapal juga hanya akan berhasil

jika Inspektor telah mempersiapkan diri
dengan baik .
Jenis-Jenis
Kapal
 Jenis-Jenis Kapal
GENERAL CARGO ORE CARRIER FERRY RORO.
TUG BOAT CEMENT CARRIER LIQUEFIED GAS
FERRY PRODUCT TANKER TANKER
OIL TANKER PASSENGER SHIP EQUIPPED FOR
CHEMICAL TANKER FISHING VESSEL CARRIAGE OF
CONTAINERS
CONTAINER SHIP PASSENGER FERRY
BULK CARRIER
 Jenis Kapal Lainnya
Landing Platform,
Boat Fireboat Helicopter Screw frigate
Catamaran Frigate Minesweeper (ship) Semi-submersible
Concrete ship Guard ship Mother ship Submarine
Corvette Heavy cruiser Museum ship Submarine tender
Cruise ship Hospital ship OBO carrier Submersible
Cutter Hulk (ship) Patrol boat Supercarrier
Destroyer Hydrofoil Pilot boat Superliner
Diving support Platform supply
vessel Icebreaker vessel Supertanker
Double-hulled
tanker Ironclad warship Reefer (ship) Surface effect ship
Fire ship Junk (sailing) rescue ship Surface ship
Lake freighter Research vessel Survey ship
Landing craft Sailing ship Tank landing ship
Landing craft tank Trawler

Trimaran
General Cargo
Tug Boat
Tug Boat
Tug Boat
Tug Boat
Research vessel
Oil Tanker
Chemical Tanker (1)
Chemical Tanker (2)
Chemical Tanker (3)
Container Ship (1)
Container Ship (2)
Container Ship (3)
Bulk Carrier (1)
Bulk Carrier (2)
Cement Carrier
Ore Carrier
Passenger Ships (1)
Passenger Ships (2)
Passenger Ships (3)
Fishing Vessels (1)
Passenger Ferry
Ferry Ro-Ro
Konsep Ro-Ro Ferry
Ro-Ro Ferry
Liquefied Gas Tanker
Liquefied Gas Tanker
Supply vessel
Crane / Working /Accommodation Barge
PERSIAPAN

Kumpulkan informasi sebanyak-banyaknya

mengenai kapal yang akan diinspeksi :
-General particulair;
-Drawing plan;
-Informasi sistem korosi, jenis coating, umur
coating, kondisi coating dlsb;
-Riwayat operasional kapal;
-Riwayat perbaikan dan perawatan ( termasuk
docking terakhir);
-Laporan inspeksi sebelumnya
SELF INSPECT !
PERSIAPAN

INGAT !
KESAN PERTAMA SANGAT PENTING !
First Impressions are Important
PERSIAPAN

Have

Them

Ready
INSPEKSI

Pastikan bahwa saat meng INSPEKSI

kapal, ANDA sebagai INSPEKSTOR
didampingi oleh Master atau PERWIRA
SENIOR di kapal
INSPEKSI

PERIKSA APA ? DOKUMENTASI

FISIK SERTIFIKASI

PENGAWAKAN

PERALATAN
PERMESINAN
SERTIFIKASI DAN DOKUMENTASI

PERIKSA SERTIFIKAT DAN DOKUMEN KAPAL

SERTIFIKAT DI KAPAL HARUS ASLI
PERIKSA MASA BERLAKU ( VALIDITAS)
PADA SERTIFIKAT KLASS
PERIKSA REKOMENDASI ( JIKA ADA )
JATUH TEMPO SURVEY PENGEDOKAN
JATUH TEMPO SURVEY POROS BALING-BALING DLL
SERTIFIKAT DAN DOKUMEN KAPAL
1. International Tonnage Certificate (1969);
2. Passenger Ship Safety Certificate;
3. Cargo Ship Safety Construction Certificate;
4. Cargo Ship Safety Equipment Certificate;
5. Cargo Ship Radio Telegraphy Certificate;
6. Cargo Ship Radio Telephony Certificate;
7. Cargo Ship Safety Radio Certificate;
8. Exemption Certificate;
9. Cargo Ship Safety Certificate;
10. Document of Compliance (SOLAS 74, Regulation II-2/54)
11. Dangerous goods special list or manifest, or detailed stowage
plan;
12. International Certificate of Fitness for the Carriage of Liquefied
Gases in Bulk, or the Certificate of Fitness for the Carriage of
Liquefied Gases in Bulk, whichever is appropriate;
SERTIFIKAT DAN DOKUMEN KAPAL

13. International Certificate of Fitness for the Carriage of Dangerous

Chemicals in Bulk, or the Certificate of Fitness for the Carriage of
Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk, whichever is appropriate;
14. International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate;
15. International Pollution Prevention Certificate for the Carriage of Noxious
Liquid Substances in Bulk;
16. International Load Line Certificate (1966);
17. International Load Line Exemption Certificate;
18. Oil Record Book, parts I and II;
19. Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan
20. Cargo Record Book;
21. Minimum Safe Manning Document;
22. Certificates of Competency;
23. Medical certificates (see ILO Convention No. 73);
SERTIFIKAT DAN DOKUMEN KAPAL
24. Stability information;
25. Copy of Document of Compliance and Safety Management Certificate
issued in accordance with the International Management Code for the
Safe Operation of Ships and for Pollution Prevention (IMO Resolutions
A.741(18) and A.788(19));
26. Certificates as to the ships hull strength and machinery installations
issued by the classification society in question (only to be required if the
ship maintains its class with a classification society);
27. Survey Report Files (in case of bulk carriers or oil tankers);
28. For ro-ro passenger ships, information on the A/A-max ratio;
29. Document of authorization for the carriage of grain;
30. Special Purpose Ship Safety Certificate;
31. High Speed Craft Safety Certificate and Permit to Operate High Speed
Craft;
32. Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit Safety Certificate;
33. For oil tankers, the record of oil discharge monitoring and control system
for the last ballast voyage;
SERTIFIKAT DAN DOKUMEN KAPAL
34. The muster list, fire control plan, and for passenger ships, a damage
control plan;
35. Ships log book with respect to the records of tests and drills and the
log for records of inspection and maintenance of lifesaving appliances
and arrangements;
36. Reports of previous port State control inspections;
37. Cargo securing manuel;
38. For passenger ships, list of operational limitations;
39. For passenger ships, a plan for co-operation with SAR-services;
40. Bulk carrier booklet;
41. Loading/Unloading Plan for bulk carriers;
42. Garbage Management Pan;
43. Garbage Record Book;
44. Certificate of financial insurance or any other financial security in
respect of civil liability for oil pollution damage;
45. Intertnational Ship Security Certificate (ISSC);
46. Continuous Synopsis Record
PENGAWAKAN
Minimum Safe Manning Document;
Certificates of Competency;
Medical certificates (see ILO Convention No. 73);
PERALATAN

ALAT-ALAT NAVIGASI
(NAVIGATION EQUIPMENT)

ALAT-ALAT KESELAMATAN
( LIFE SAFING APPLIANCES LSA CODE )

ALAT-ALAT PEMADAM KEBAKARAN

( FIRE FIGHTING APPLIANCES FFA CODE )
ALAT ALAT NAVIGASI
APA yang HARUS di PERIKSA ?

JENIS-JENIS ALAT NAVIGASI di kapal harus sesuai SOLAS 74 Ch.

IV dan V
Alat-alat Navigasi HARUS dalam kondisi operasional.
HARUS ada bukti tertulis (Evidence ) YANG MENUNJUKKAN
bahwa ALAT-ALAT tersebut dirawat secara rutin.
Pada PERALATAN RADIO PERHATIKAN :
power output of transmitters ( kadangkala di bawah acceptable level,
yang menyebabkan penurunan jangkauan transmisi )
deteriorated aerials; broken aerial insulators; improperly rigged aerials
untuk radio very high frequency; inoperable automatic alarms; defective
speakers; dan faulty emergency power sources
ALAT ALAT NAVIGASI
DEFISIENSI yang SERING TERJADI :

TIDAK TERSEDIA PETA NAVIGASI atau peta navigasi BELUM/TIDAK

PERNAH DIKOREKSI untuk setiap pelayaran.
Magnetic compasses perlu diperbaiki atau DIKOREKSI
KERUSAKAN pada echo depth sounders, radars, gyro repeaters, dan
navigation lights
TABEL PASANG SURUT, DAFTAR SUAR, RAMBU NAVIGASI yang
KADALUWARSA.
Copies of regulations (spt., SOLAS, MARPOL, etc.) TIDAK ADA DI
KAPAL.
ALAT-ALAT KESELAMATAN

ALAT-ALAT KESELAMATAN DI KAPAL :

Lifeboat
Liferafts
Lifebuoys
Lifejackets
Lifejackets
Thermal protective aids
ALAT-ALAT KESELAMATAN

APA yang HARUS diPERIKSA ?

Kelengkapan alat-alat keselamatan sesuai SOLAS Ch. III
dan Life Safing Appliances Code ( LSA Code)

LIFEBOAT DAN LIFE BUOYS HARUS mendapat perhatian

lebih karena alat keselamatan ini sering mengalami
kerusakan dibanding alat keselamatan lainnya.
KERUSAKAN PADA LIFE BOAT

Structural defects in lifeboats

Inoperative lifeboat engines or flemming gear
Life buoy lights not working or missing
Excessive wear on lifting hooks in lifeboats
Lifejacket lights missing
Retro-reflective tape missing from equipment
Lifeboat engine mountings badly corroded
Safety equipment not in lifeboats
Float free arrangements on liferafts not satisfactory
Lifeboat launching systems inoperative.
Pemeriksaan Davits
LIFEBUOYS

Berapa jumlahnya ?
Under 100 metres in length 8;
Between 100 metres and under 150 metres 10;
Between 150 metres and under 200 metres 12;
200 metres and over 14. (SOLAS III/32.1.1)

Sedikitnya 1 ( satu) lifebuoy pada tiap sisi kapal dilengkapi

dengan on buoyant line yang panjangnya tidak kurang dari dua
kali tinggi geladak dimana lifebuyo tersebut diletakkan atau 30
meter ( mana yang lebih besar ) (SOLAS III/7.1.2)

Tidak kurang dari setengah jumlah lifebuoys di kapal harus

dilengkapi self-igniting lights;dua diantaranya harus dilengkapi
self-activating smoke signals capable of quick release from the
navigating bridge (SOLAS III/7.1.3)
Lifejackets, immersion suits
A lifejacket shall be provided for every person on board and, in addition, a
sufficient number of lifejackets shall be carried for persons on watch and
for use at remotely located survival craft stations. The lifejackets carried
for persons on watch should be stowed on the bridge, in the engine
control room and at any other manned watch station. (SOLAS III/7.2.1)

Cargo ships shall carry for each lifeboat on the ship at least three
immersion suits, or, if the administration considers it necessary and
practicable, one immersion suit for every person on board the ship.
Immersion suits are not required if totally enclosed lifeboats are fitted.
(SOLAS III/32.3.2)
An immersion suit or an anti-exposure suit, of an appropriate size, shall be
provided for every person assigned to crew the rescue boat. (SOLAS
III/7.3)
Note: Amendments to SOLAS III/32 which are expected to come into force
on 1 st July 2006 will require immersion suits to be carried for each person
on board.
pyrotechnics, including line throwing
apparatus,
Not less than 12 rocket parachute flares shall be carried
and be stowed on or near the navigation bridge. (SOLAS
III/6.3)
A line throwing appliance (including not less than four
projectiles, four lines and brief instructions or diagrams)
shall be provided. (SOLAS III/18)
An illustrated table describing the life-saving signals shall
be readily available to the officer of the watch. (SOLAS
V/29)
locations of life saving appliances
marked with IMO symbols
Containers, brackets, racks and other similar
stowage locations for life-saving equipment
shall be marked with symbols in accordance
with IMO Res. A.760(18).

If more than one device is stowed in that

location, the number of devices shall also be
indicated. (SOLAS III/20.10)
PERALATAN PEMADAM ( FFA )

PERALATAN PEMADAM DI KAPAL

Fixed fire detection :

CO2 / Inert gas system for cargo

spaces / engineroom

PORTABLE Fire Fighting Appliances

PERALATAN PEMADAM ( FFA )

Yang SERING mengalami KERUSAKAN

dan harus DIPERHATIKAN :
Pompa pemadam tidak dapat dioperasikan ( khususnya
emergency fire pumps)
Firemain leaking or fitted with doublers or soft-patches
Fire hoses missing or leaking
Defective breathing apparatus
Excessive oil accumulation in machinery spaces
Fire detectors broken
Fire Control Plan

The requirements for fire plans are

contained in SOLAS II-2/15.2.4.
IMO Resolution A.654(16) recommends
the symbols to be used on fire control
plans.
portable fire extinguishers
Each extinguisher should be clearly marked with the
following minimum information:
Name of the manufacturer;
Type of fire for which the extinguisher is suitable;
Type and quantity of extinguishing medium;
Approval details;
Instructions for use and recharge (it is recommended that
operating instructions be given in pictorial form);
Year of manufacture;
Temperature range over which the extinguisher will operate
satisfactorily; and Test pressure.
(FSS Code 4 and Res. A.602)
One of the portable fire extinguishers intended for use in
any space shall be stowed near the entrance to that
space. (SOLAS 1974 II-2/6.6 and SOLAS 2004 II-2/10.3.2.2)
firemen's outfits and breathing
apparatus
Tankers shall carry four firemens outfits, which shall consist of:
Protective clothing of material to protect the skin from the heat radiating
from the fire and fromburns and scalding by steam. The outer surface
shall be water-resistant;
Boots of rubber or other electrically non-conducting material;
A rigid helmet providing effective protection against impact;
An electric safety lamp of an approved type with a burning period of 3
hours. Safety lamps ontankers and those intended to be used in
hazardous areas shall be of an explosion-proof type;
An axe with a handle provided with high-voltage insulation;
A breathing apparatus of an approved type; and
For each breathing apparatus a fireproof line of at least 30 metres in
length, capable of being attached by means of a snap-hook to the
harness of the apparatus or to a separate belt in order to prevent the
breathing apparatus becoming detached when the lifeline is operated.
(SOLAS 1974 II-2/17, SOLAS 2004 II-2/10.10 and FSS Code 3/2.1.1)
emergency escape breathing devices
(EEBDs)
All ships shall carry at least two emergency
escape breathing devices within
accommodation spaces. (SOLAS II-2/13.3.4.2)
Spare emergency escape breathing devices
shall be kept on board. (SOLAS II-2/13.3.4.1)
PEMERIKSAAN FISIK KAPAL

APA yang DIPERIKSA ?

LAMBUNG ( Pelat kulit, Deck, Superstructure &

Deckhouse, Sekat-sekat):

Item-item LAMBUNG TIMBUL ( Load Lines )

Item-item Cargo Gear (Crane )

PEMERIKSAAN FISIK KAPAL
KERUSAKAN yang SERING terjadi pada KONSTRUKSI
LAMBUNG kapal meliputi tiga hal utama :

PENGURANGAN KETEBALAN
RETAK/CRAKS
DEFORMASI
BUCKLING
DEFORMASI
PEMERIKSAAN FISIK KAPAL

RETAK/CRACKS :
MAIN DECK :
Tepi geladak ( deck stringer )
Plat geladak disekitar bukan-bukaan geladak ( hatches )
Ambang Palkah ( sudut ambang ) berikut konstruksinya
UNDER DECK ( Twin Deck ):
Konstruksi sambungan antara sekat melintang, girder/stiffener dan
pelat
Konstruksi penopang misal: hatch end beam, cantilever
PEMERIKSAAN FISIK KAPAL

RUANG MUAT
Selain memperhatikan konstruksi ruang muat, yang
juga PENTING untuk DIPERIKSA adalah BILGE
SUCTION.

BILGE SUCTION diperiksa kebersihannya. Jika terdapat

banyak genangan air, BILGE SUCTION harus ditest.

Pipa di ruang muat diperiksa terhadap korosi

PEMERIKSAAN FISIK KAPAL

ITEM LAMBUNG TIMBUL ( LOAD LINES )

PERHATIKAN KONDISI ventilators, air pipes, doors and hatchways
DEFISIENSI yang SERING terjadi :
Cargo hatch cover securing devices hilang atau tidak bisa
dioperasikan
Tutup Sounding pipe hilang
Pipa udara berlubang
Securing devices pada pintu kedap cuaca hilang
Cargo hatch covers berlubang
Pintu-pintu tidak kedap cuaca
Tutup Manhole berkarat
External ladders dan rails pada sisi kapal tidak aman
Kerusakan pada gang ways, accommodation ladders, deck
walkways/platforms, dan pilot ladders
Closing appliances rusak
Vent pipes/closure heads berlubang/rusak
Hatches dan weathertight doors tidak kedap cuaca.
PEMERIKSAAN FISIK KAPAL

ITEM CARGO GEAR

PERHATIKAN KONDISI alat-alat angkat muatan ( Cargo Gear) di kapal
DEFISIENSI yang SERING terjadi :
Absence of identification marks on hooks, blocks, and
shackles and other small items of equipment
Documentation on examinations and testing unavailable

Cargo winch bed plates, winch drums and brakes sufficiently

corroded to pose a danger to those using the equipment and
thus requiring repair
Ladders giving access to cargo holds or tanks, and hydraulic
pipes on cargo winches are badly corroded
PEMERIKSAAN PERMESINAN KAPAL

APA yang HARUS diPERIKSA ?

KEBERSIHAN di kamar mesin.

KINERJA/PERFORMA permesinan di kapal

dengan melaksanakan uji fungsi terhadap
permesinan di kapal ( ME, AE, pompa-pompa)
PEMERIKSAAN PERMESINAN KAPAL

Lakukan uji fungsi untuk mengetahui performa dari :

Combustible gas detectors or fixed gas detection system

Oxygen analyser
Toxic gas detector
Overboard discharge monitor
Cargo pump Emergency shutdown and bearing alarms
High level alarms
Overfill alarms
Quick closing valves
PEMERIKSAAN PERMESINAN KAPAL

Lakukan uji fungsi untuk mengetahui performa dari

sistem/alarm :
Inert Gas system alarms
Oily water separator
Fire fighting systems
Steering gear
Emergency generator
Engine room ventilation shutdowns
Fuel oil cut-off valves
REPORTING
LAPORAN survey kondisi biasanya berupa daftar isian ( checklist)
yang HARUS diisi oleh INSPEKTOR.
Checklist berisi pertanyaan yang harus dijawab sebagai YES / NO /
NOT APPLICABLE
NOT APPLICABLE biasanya digunakan jika item yang ditanyakan tidak
ada/tidak disyaratkan
SATISFACTORY berarti :
Item equipment atau bagian kapal yang diperiksa memenuhi standard
(international conventions dan national requirement), AND

that the item of equipment or part of the vessel is fit for the purpose
intended; is in working order and will remain, as far as can
reasonably be determined, in that condition for a period of at least 12
months with normal maintenance.
REPORTING
Inspektor harus melaporkan setiap
ketidaksesuaian/kerusakan/kekurangan yang ditemui selama
inspeksi.
Salinan laporan tersebut disampaikan ke Nakhoda.
Lengkapi dengan photo
A general photograph of the vessel (to include ship's name).
Pictures of hatch coamings, deck machinery and cargo gear.
Pictures of hatch compression bars and rubbers.
Pictures of hold bilge suctions.
General views of each hold.
TERIMA KASIH