DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF VOICE OVER INTERNET

PROTOCOL (VOIP) TELECOM SYSTEM

BY
ADEBAYO ABDULLATEEF OLA
12/67EC/403

SUBMITTED TO
THE DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY,
KWARA STATE UNIVERSITY, MALETE

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE AWARD OF BACHELORS OF

ENGINEERING (B.ENG.),
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING, KWARA STATE
UNIVERSITY, MALETE

MAY 2017
 CERTIFICATION

This is to hereby certify that this project report is written by Adebayo Abdullateef Ola with

matriculation number 12/67EC/403, in partial fulfilment for the award of Bachelor of

Engineering in Electrical and Computer Engineering of Kwara State University, Malete in the

2016/2017 academic session. This project has been approved as it satisfies the academic

requirements in respect of project work prescribed for the Bachelor of Engineering degree.

----------------------------------- ------------------------------------

Engr, Ayodeji Akeem Ajani Date

SUPERVISOR

----------------------------------- ------------------------------------

Dr. J.O Oni Date

HOD
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to thank my supervisor, Engr, Ayodeji Akeem Ajani, for providing me with the

opportunity to pursue this project and for his support and guidance throughout the year. I

would also like to thank my family and friends for their continued support and encouragement

and lastly the entire staff of College of Engineering in General including both the Teaching and

Non-teaching staff, the Technologist I say thanks a lot and may god almighty help reward you
 DEDICATION

To god almighty and my family

 ABSTRACT

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is the present and future of telecommunication technology,
based on hardware and software enabling users to use the Internet as a medium to
communicate simply to reduce the cost of communication compared to the normal PSTN

This project is based on the design, model and implementation of voice over internet protocol
(VOIP) telecom system that will be used in the electrical and computer engineering department
office with that of the HOD of the department.

Call was made with an android phone within the department between four different students
to test the project functionality and the routers maximum range that the quality of service will
be low

This project will certainly reduce the cost of cost of communication among the staffs and also
save them the stress of going from one office to another before communicating
Contents
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF VOICE OVER INTERNET PROTOCOL (VOIP) TELECOM SYSTEM ........... 1
CERTIFICATION .............................................................................................................................................. 2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................................................................... 3
DEDICATION .................................................................................................................................................. 4
ABSTRACT...................................................................................................................................................... 5
CHAPTER ONE ............................................................................................................................................... 8
INTRODOCTION AND PROJECT OVERVIEW ............................................................................................... 8
1.1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................... 8
1.2 MOTIVATION ............................................................................................................................. 9
1.3 PROBLEM STATEMENT .............................................................................................................. 9
1.4 AIM AND OBJECTIVES................................................................................................................ 9
1.5 SCOPE ...................................................................................................................................... 10
1.6 METHODOLOGY ...................................................................................................................... 10
1.7 PROJECT LAYOUT .................................................................................................................... 11
CHAPTER TWO ............................................................................................................................................ 12
LITERATURE REVIEW AND RELEVANT CONCEPTS ................................................................................... 12
2.1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 12
2.2 INTERNET PROTOCOL (IP) ....................................................................................................... 12
2.3 VOICE OVER INTERNET PROTOCOL (VOIP).............................................................................. 12
2.4 VOIP SERVER ........................................................................................................................... 12
2.5 ROUTER ................................................................................................................................... 13
2.6 VOIP CLIENTS........................................................................................................................... 13
2.7 OPEN SOURCE COMMUNICATON SOFTWARE ........................................................................ 14
2.8 RELEVANT CONCEPT ............................................................................................................... 14
CHAPTER THREE .......................................................................................................................................... 17
PROJECT METHODOLOGY ....................................................................................................................... 17
3.1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 17
3.2 SITE SURVEY ............................................................................................................................ 21
CHAPTER FOUR ........................................................................................................................................... 26
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION............................................................................................................. 26
4.1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 26
4.2 SETTING UP OF THE TRIXBOX SERVER .................................................................................... 26
 4.3 FLOWCHART ............................................................................................................................ 32
4.4 PRECAUTIONS TAKEN.............................................................................................................. 33
4.5 LIST OF EQUIPMENT USED ...................................................................................................... 33
4.6 BILL OF ENGINEERING MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION.................................................... 33
CHAPTER FIVE ............................................................................................................................................. 34
TESTING AND DISCUSSION ON RESULTS ................................................................................................. 34
5.0 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 34
5.1 TESTING ................................................................................................................................... 34
5.2 RESULT .................................................................................................................................... 35
CHAPTER SIX................................................................................................................................................ 37
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ................................................................................................ 37
6.0 CONCLUSION ........................................................................................................................... 37
6.1 RECOMMENDATION ............................................................................................................... 37
REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................................ 39
 CHAPTER ONE

INTRODOCTION AND PROJECT OVERVIEW

1.1 INTRODUCTION

VoIP is sometimes also referred to with the following names: IP Telephony or Internet

Telephony (Camp, 2003). It refers to some category of hardware and software that

enables people to transmit voice and other forms of information or services over a

packet switched network. These comprise of the associated protocols, mechanisms, and

applications that allow voice that have been traditionally transmitted over dedicated

circuit-switched networks to be transmitted via IP data networks (Walker and Hicks,

2004 and Liesenborgs, 2000)

The process of transmitting voice over the Internet involves steps such as sampling the

voice from one end, compressing it, assembling it into IP packets, and transporting them

across a data network to the destination of the receiver. The receiving end disassembles

the packets, decompresses the signals and audible signals are produced through devices

such as speakers (Walker and Hicks 2004)

1.2 MOTIVATION

Recently the world generally have begun to embrace applications that are Internet

Protocol (IP) due to its flexibility and high efficiency this project is focused on the

Design and implementation of Voice over Internet Protocol (VOIP).

1.3 PROBLEM STATEMENT

To design and implement a voice over internet protocol (VOIP) telecom system for the

department of electrical and computer engineering to ease the communication system

between the staffs and the HOD of the department

1.4 JUSTIFICATION
Voice Over Internet Protocol (VOIP) has high efficiency in terms of signal quality and

the time it takes for it to ring than Circuit Switching technology, a Global System for

Mobile Communication (G.S.M) spends about 20 seconds before it rings during call

session but a Voice Over Internet Protocol has just about 1 seconds delay

1.5 AIM AND OBJECTIVES

1.4.1 AIM

The aim is to design and install VOIP telecom system for Electrical and Computer Engineering
department.

1.4.2 OBJECTIVES

The following are the objectives of this project:

To review literatures about VOIP application to intercom
To design and implement a VOIP intercom
To test and troubleshoot if any problem
1.6 SCOPE

The scope of this project is limited to the method used in installing the VOIP telecom

system to be used by the Electrical and Computer Engineering department staffs to

communicate within College of Engineering and receive calls from outside the college

too and it will comprises of only a single hard phone and several soft phone.

1.7 METHODOLOGY

To solve this problem stated in 1.3 above, the steps below will be taken:

Problem definition.

Review of previous work done.

Flowchart and circuit diagram design.

Modeling: Visio was used to model the architectural and physical layer of the

design.

Implementation: The project will be installed in the electrical department.

Testing of the project functionality and performance.

Progress Report on achievements to date which are in line with the objectives.
1.8 PROJECT LAYOUT

Chapter one covers the general project overview which includes introduction, problem

definition, aim and objectives, scope and the project methodology.

Chapter two contains the literature review and relevant concept. In this chapter the

used components will be discussed and I review relevant projects.

In the next chapter which is chapter three, the project methodology was discussed

fully. Important topics such as the calculations and how the system will operate will be

in this chapter.

Chapter four contains the implementation and construction of the project, tools used,

precautions taken and the bill of engineering measurement and evaluation (B.E.M.E).

The project was tested and the results obtained was discussed in the fifth chapter,

Chapter 6 contains conclusion and recommendation. Few suggestions were proposed

to enhance this current design

 CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW AND RELEVANT CONCEPTS

2.1 INTRODUCTION

In this chapter, findings from literatures which were found to be significant and valuable

to the study are presented.

2.2 INTERNET PROTOCOL (IP)

The Internet Protocol (IP) is the method or protocol by which data is sent from one

computer to another on the Internet. Each computer (known as a host) on the Internet

has at least one IP address that uniquely identifies it from all other computers on the

Internet. (Search unified communications)

2.3 VOICE OVER INTERNET PROTOCOL (VOIP)

Voice over Internet Protocol is a category of hardware and software that enables people

to use the Internet as the transmission medium for telephone calls by sending voice

data in packets using IP rather than by traditional circuit transmissions of the PSTN. One

advantage of VoIP is that the telephone calls over the Internet do not incur a surcharge

beyond what the user is paying for Internet access, much in the same way that the user

doesn't pay for sending individual emails over the Internet. (webopedia)

2.4 VOIP SERVER

 A server is usually a computer running an application that manages the setup or

connection of telephone calls between terminals. It registers terminals IP addresses and

stores them for the purpose of connecting calls. The server will receive call setup

request messages, determine the status of destination devices, check the authorization

of users to originate and/or receive calls, and create and send the necessary messages

to process the call requests.

2.5 ROUTER

In packet-switched networks such as the internet, a router is a device or, in some cases,

software on a computer, that determines the best way for a packet to be forwarded to

its destination. A router connects networks. Based on its current understanding of the

state of the network it is connected to, a router acts as a dispatcher as it decides which

way to send each information packet. A router is located at any gateway (where one

network meets another), including each point-of-presence on the internet. A router is

often included as part of a network switch

2.6 VOIP CLIENTS

These are computers connected to a VOIP server and they are the
2.6.1 SOFTPHONE
A softphone is a piece of software that simulates the action of a telephone and allows

you to make, to receive and to manage voice calls over the Internet. Softphones

normally run on computers, table PC and smartphones, and are necessary for

placing VoIP (Voice over IP) calls and video calls.

2.6.2 HARDPHONE
A VoIP hard phone is a tangible device that sits on your desktop. It looks similar in many

ways to a conventional analog telephone. The exception is that it plugs into your home

or company IP network as opposed to an analog telephone line.

2.7 OPEN SOURCE COMMUNICATON SOFTWARE

Trixbox (formerly Asterisk@Home) is an open source distribution of Linux derived from

the powerful CentOS operating system, which in turn is based on the Red Hat Enterprise

Linux distro. Its designed from the offset to be used for deploying a dedicated VoIP

(Voice-over-Internet Protocol) system. Trixbox CE is an easy to install, VOIP phone

system based on the Asterisk PBX. trixbox is designed for home or office use. trixbox CE

includes CentOS Linux, MySQL, and all the tools needed to run a business quality phone

system.

2.8 RELEVANT CONCEPT

Grade VoIP system based on open source software component in an educational

institutiFVon (2011) in university of Namibia. An open source software (asterisk) was

installed on the computers which provides voice services over internet for the staffs and

student with limited functions. This system has a number of IP hard phones and soft

phones installed that switches from the Asterisk server.

Integrating voice over internet protocol technology as a communication tool on a

converged network in Laos (2016). The main component of this VOIP network system is

the IP PBX. The IP PBX which simply stands for IP private exchange box is a telephone

switching system situated within the enterprise that switches calls between VoIP users

on a local line while enabling users to share some certain number of external phone

lines. IP PBX can be used to switch calls between a VoIP and PSTN user just like the

conventional PBX does. The end user devices in a VoIP setup consists of hard phones

and soft phones that provides an interface in which voice users interact with other users

as well as the system. They use TCP/IP protocol to communicate with IP network that

has an IP address for subnet on which they are installed. A soft phone on the other hand

runs on software application on computers and also installed on mobile devices and

have the same base features as VoIP phones.

An Open Source VoIP Solution for Healthcare (2015). From the results they were able to

prove that using open source Asterisk communication framework we can set up a VoIP

system suitable for healthcare requirements. The impact analysis of implementing a

feature like video conferencing is that now rural healthcare staff can connect with their

peers in cities and get real time consultation on issues. Using ring group, an incoming

call can now be configured to either ring a set of phone numbers simultaneously or ring

phone 1, then phone 2 (if line 1 is busy) and rest of the configured numbers

sequentially.

Efcient VoIP Solution for the Environment of the Technical University of Kosice(2008)

This Masters Thesis was designed to cover VoIP as a technology, that not only can

replace traditional telecommunications networks, but brings a new way and possibilities

of realtime multimedia based communication with required quality in IP data networks.

The goal of this Masters Thesis was to introduce a theoretical background required to

understand VoIP, best practices in usage and implementation with currently developing

VoIPstandards,solutionsforhandlinggeneralissuesofVoIPimplementationsandadesign and

an implementation of a scalable VoIP network for the environment of the Technical

University of Kosice.

Designing and optimization of VoIP PBX infrastructure by Naveed Younas Rana (2013) in

University of Bedfordshire Tribox PBX 2.8.0.4 where installed on the laboratory

computers and X-lite and 3CX is the softphone application used After designing and

Implementation of the network, services were checked by making test calls and figure

out their results, where they found out that the quality of service is low (QOS)
 CHAPTER THREE

PROJECT METHODOLOGY
3.1 INTRODUCTION

To solve the solutions to the above mentioned problems we implemented the following
methodology.

Firstly, we researched some of the common barriers to entry in VoIP and current state of the art
in market. After that we knew the project is divided into two sections: the hardware and
software.

To build our network infrastructure we decided to use the following hardware and software.

HARDWARE

Dell core i5 desktop for the server

TP-LINK Wireless N300 Home Router

IP phone

SOFTWARE
Ubuntu 12.04

Trixbox open source communication software

Windows 8 operating system

mizuDroid (desktop and phone app)

Oracle VM virtualBox

3.2 Dell core i5 desktop for the server

 The dell core i5 was chosen because of hyper-threading ability which makes it capable
Of making dual-core CPU act like a four-core chipset and also the core i5 processors uses
turbo boost and a large cache on-board to help the processor deals with repetitive tasks
faster

3.3 MIZUDROID
MizuDroid is a VoIP softphone for Android mobile phones, based on the SIP protocol

standards, allowing users to connect to a VoIP server and make calls to other VoIP users

or to landline and mobile networks usually for lower prices than the native GSM calls.

Works with any SIP compliant soft switch, VoIP proxy, and softphone or IP phone.
 Configuring MizuDroid

3.4 GXP1620/1625 IP PHONE

This type of IP phone was used basically because of the following features

2 SIP accounts, 2 line keys, 3-way conferencing, 3 XML programmable context-

sensitive soft keys

Dual-switched 10/100 mbps ports, integrated PoE on GXP1625

HD audio on speakerphone and handset

EHS support for Plantronics headsets

Up to 500 contacts, call history up to 200 records

 GXP1620/1625 IP PHONE

3.5 MIKROTIK ROUTERBOARD

The MIKROTIK is universal home or office wireless device. Dual band 3x3 MIMO with

Gigabit ports that opens the full advantages of 802.11ac speed, while maintaining

compatibility with legacy devices in 2GHz and 5GHz

3.6 SITE SURVEY
A good survey of the site where the trixbox server system will be installed will be carried

out so as to understand and also have the full knowledge about the positioning of the

office, this will help in ensuring that the trixbox system is not placed against the office

arrangement.
Fig1 Architectural layout design of the lecturer office, Electrical and Computer

Engineering Department, Kwara State University, Malete

Fig 2 Architectural layout design of the H.O.D office, Electrical and Computer
Engineering Department, Kwara State University, Malete
 Fig 3 Architectural design showing devices needed

ROUTER

TRIXBO
IP X
PHONE SERVER

Block Diagram of Voice over Internet Protocol (VOIP)

Fig 4 VOIP client
 CHAPTER FOUR

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION

4.1 INTRODUCTION

This chapter explains the procedures involved in the design and implementation of the

VOIP telecom system, precautions taken and the Bill of Engineering Measurement and

Evaluation.

4.2 SETTING UP OF THE TRIXBOX SERVER

Trixbox (formerly Asterisk Home) is an open source distribution of Linux derived from
the powerful CentOS operating system, which in turn is based on the Red Hat Enterprise
Linux distro. Its designed from the offset to be used for deploying a dedicated VoIP
(Voice-over-Internet Protocol) system
The procedure taken are
Installing windows 7 operating system on the desktop
Installing an oracle virtual box on it
Installing Ubuntu operating system on the oracle virtual box
Installing the trixbox operating system on the Ubuntu operating system
Fig 5 Oracle VM virtual box

Fig 6 Installed ubuntu 64bit

Fig 7 Interface of a VOIP server

Fig 8 Interface of a VOIP server

Fig 9 Interface of a VOIP server configuration

Fig 10 Interface of a VOIP server login

Fig 11 Trixbox administarator interface for extension confiuguration for the staffs
Fig 12 Trixbox administarator interface for extension confiuguration

Fig 13 Trixbox administarator interface

4.3 FLOWCHART

Start

Enter Call Destination

Extension Number

Dial Extension

Initialize call session

Route call to the

server

Is
destination NO
extension
valid, busy
and
connected?

YES

Connect the caller to the

Destination Extension

Terminate call

Stop
4.4 PRECAUTIONS TAKEN

The subnet of the IP addressing was designed in such a way that it will be able to increase the
size of the network for future purpose

The extension username and password was also carefully entered in the android softphone so
that the server will be able to detect it and assign an IP address to it

4.5 LIST OF EQUIPMENT USED

1. MONITOR
2. CPU
3. KEYBOARD
4. MOUSE
5.

4.6 BILL OF ENGINEERING MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION

ITEM DESCRIPTION QUANTITY PRICE PER AMOUNT #

UNIT

1 ROUTER 1 #25000 #25000

2 IP PHONE 1 #25000 #25000

3 DESKTOP 1 #40000 #120000

COMPUTER

TOTAL #170000

Fig 14 Bill of Engineering Measurement and Evaluation

 CHAPTER FIVE

TESTING AND DISCUSSION ON RESULTS

5.0 INTRODUCTION
This chapter discusses in details the testing and the result of implementation and

construction done.

5.1 TESTING

After the project was designed and implemented successfully, it was then tested so as

to be sure that it is working as it should. An extension number 102 was called from 101

extension so that both phones could communicate with each other.

Fig 15 Image showing extension being dialed on a soft phone

 Fig 16 image showing the addition of an extension on the Trixbox server

5.2 RESULT
The operation works in such a way once the phone has been properly connected to the

network, the Trixbox server is up and running with the extension number dialed it

immediately connects to the extension it wishes to call almost immediately with a delay

as low as 1 seconds
Fig 17 Image showing Trixbox server running
 CHAPTER SIX

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

6.0 CONCLUSION

After successful Design and implementation of the stated methodology, the objectives

led to achieving the initial aim discussed in chapter one of this report.

I can actually say that Voice over Internet Protocol (VOIP) is one major way to

communicate between different people. This project can be implemented into any firm

and areas that have good Ethernet connection such as Kwara State University (Kwasu)

this project can be implemented for Kwara State University due to the fact that there is

Ethernet network all over the school. This could also be deployed among large number

of people. Thus I can conclude that this project can in the future be an integral

application of internet of things in mass media

6.1 RECOMMENDATION
After successful completion of this project, it can be recommended for the school to

adopt this project by integrating it into the current school system of having lecturers

and students work distances before they communicate with each other. It is also highly

recommended for train stations, bus stops, public environment etc. for easy

dissemination of information.

There is essential need for one to develop our own applications for soft phone ourself so

that we would be able to add some extra features into it.

There is need to acquire a more sophisticated router so as to be able to increase the

level of security on the network.

Its also necessary for the system to be deployed in the College of Engineering and

Technology (C.E.T) so that students and staff will be saved from the stress of having to

go upstairs and coming downstairs continuously just because they want to

communicate with someone on another floor.

The network will be more robust if a gateway can be integrated into the network so as

to allow calls to be made from the public G.S.M line to the Voice Over Internet Protocol

VOIP system
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