20th Century Architects and Buildings Discussed

Aalto, Alvar (1898-1976)

1958-1962Apartment Building, Bremen, Germany

Adler and Sullivan (partnership, 1883-1895; Dankmar Adler and Louis H. Sullivan)
1886-1890Auditorium Building, Chicago
1890-1891Wainwright Building, St. Louis
1894-1896Guaranty Building, Buffalo
(See also, Sullivan, Louis H.)

Behrens, Peter (1868-1940)

1908-1909A. E. G. Turbine Factory, Berlin (Allgemeine Elektricitts
Gesellschaft)

Burnham and Root (partnership, 1873-1891; Daniel H. Burnham and JohnWellborn

Root); D. H. Burnham and Company (1891-1912)
1885-1887The Rookery Building, Chicago
1889-1890Monadnock Building, Chicago (Root)
1891-1894Reliance Building, Chicago (begun by Root and redesigned by
Charles B. Atwood)
1893Worlds Columbian Exposition, Chicago; Burnham and Root et al.

Cram, Ralph Adams (1863-1942)

1906-1914St. Thomas Church, New York (Cram, Goodhue, and Ferguson)

Erickson, Arthur (1924- ); Erickson/Massey Associates, 1963-1972; Arthur

Erickson Architects, 1972- .
1963 1963 Simon Fraser University Competition, Burnaby, British
Columbia, Canada; first place with Geoffrey Massey
1964-1965Central Mall and Transportation Centre, SFU (Erickson/Massey
Associates with Jeffrey Lindsay, engineer)
1968-1969MacMillan Bloedel Building, Vancouver; Erickson/Massey
1970-1971University of Lethbridge, Alberta; Erickson/Massey

Garnier, Tony (1869-1948)

1918 Une Cit Industrielle: tude pour la Construction des Villes.
Second edition, 1932.

Gropius, Walter (1883-1969)

1911-1912Fagus Factory, Alfeld, Germany; Gropius and Meyer
1913-1914Werkbund Exhibition, Cologne; Gropius and Meyer
1925-1926Bauhaus, Dessau

Hood, Raymond M. (1881-1934)

1922-1925Chicago Tribune Building; Howells and Hood
1928-1930Daily News Building, New York; Howells and Hood
1929-1933Rockefeller Center, New York; Reinhard and Hofmeister; Corbet,
Harrison and McMurray; and Hood and Fouilhoux
Howells, John Mead (1868-1959)
1922-1925Chicago Tribune Building; Howells and Hood
1928-1930Daily News Building, New York; Howells and Hood

Jenney, William Le Baron (1832-1907)

1884-1885Home Insurance Building, Chicago
1889-1891Second Leiter Building, Chicago

Kahn, Louis I. (1901-1974)

1962-1974Sher-E-Banglanagar; Dacca, Bangladesh.

Le Corbusier (Charles-Edouard Jeanneret-Gris; 1887-1965)

1928-1931Villa Savoye, Poissy, France
1946-1952Unit dhabitation, Marseilles, France
1951-1955Chapel Notre-Dame du-Haut, Ronchamp, France
1953-1959Convent La Tourette, Eveux-sur-Arbresle, France
1953-1963Chandigarh, India

Lutyens, Edwin (1869-1944)

1912-1931Viceroys House, New Delhi
1929Liverpool Cathedral (project; part of crypt constructed)

McKim, Mead, and White (partnership: Charles Follen McKim [1847-1909]; William
Rutherford Mead [1846-1928] and Stanford White [1853-1906])
1882-1885Henry Villard Houses, New York
1887-1898Boston Public Library
1893-1902Columbia University, New York
1896-1900University Club, New York
1900-1905Bank of Montreal
1902-1911Pennsylvania Station, New York

Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig (1886-1969)

1927Apartment House, Werkbund Exposition; Stuttgart, Germany
1928-1930Tugendhat House, Brno, Czechoslovakia
1929German Pavilion, Barcelona
1948-1951Lake Shore Drive Apartments, Chicago (associated)
1950-1956Crown Hall, Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago
(associated)
1954-1958Seagram Building (associated)

Nervi, Pier Luigi (1891-1979)

1929-1932Municipal Stadium, Florence
1939-1942Prefabricated hangars, Orvieto
1947-1949Exhibition Hall B, Turino
1953-1958UNESCO Conference Hall, Paris (with Bernard Zehrfuss and
Marcel Breuer)
1956-1957Palazzeto dello Sport, Rome (with Annibale Vitellozzi)
1958-1959Palazzo dello Sport, Rome (with Marcello Piacentini)
Neutra, Richard (1892-1970)
1927-1929Lovell House, Los Angeles
1937Strathmore Apartments, Los Angeles

Pei, I. M. (1917- )
1964Green Center for the Earth Sciences, MIT, Cambridge
1967University Plaza, New York University
1968Everson Museum of Art, Syracuse, NY

Perret, August (1874-1954)

1903-1904Apartment Building, 25b rue Franklin, Paris

Pope, John Russell (1874-1937)

1933-1935National Archives Building, Washington
1937Duveen Sculpture Gallery, British Museum, London
1937National Gallery of Art (completed by Eggers and Higgins, 1941)

Richardson, Henry Hobson (1838-1886)

1885-1887Marshall Field Wholesale Warehouse, Chicago

Saarinen, Eero (1910-1961)

1945-1956General Motor Technical Center (with Smith, Hinchman, and
Grylls)
1956-1962Terminal, Trans World Airways, Kennedy Airport, New York
1960-1964CBS (Columbia Broadcasting System) Headquarters, New York

Saarinen, Eliel (1873-1950)

1922Tribune Tower Competition; second place entry

SantElia, Antonio (1880-1916)

1914Included in exhibition of drawings (Nuove Tendenze), Milan; wrote
preface to catalog (Messaggio; revised as Manifesto of Futurist
Architecture)

SOM (Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill; partnership founded in 1939 by John O.

Merrill
[1896-1975], Louis Skidmore [1897-1962], and Nathaniel A. Owings [1903-
])
1952Lever House, New York (Gordon Bunshaft, partner in charge)
1963Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University, New
Haven (Gordon Bunshaft, partner in charge)
1974Sears Tower, Chicago (110 stories)

Sullivan, Louis (1856-1924)see also Adler and Sullivan

1898-1903Schlesinger & Mayer Department Store (renamed Carson Pirie
Scott
& Co. in 1904 and enlarged by Burnham in 1906), Chicago

Tange, Kenzo (1913- )

1961-1964National Gymnasium, Tokyo Olympics
Wagner, Otto (1841-1918)
1904-1906, 1910-1912Postal Savings Bank, Vienna

White, Stanford (1853-1906)see McKim, Mead, and White

Wright, Frank Lloyd (1867-1959)

1904Larkin Company Administration Building, Buffalo, NY
1906Unity Temple, Chicago
1908Robie House, Chicago
1908-1912Coonley House, Riverside, Illinois
1911Taliesin, Spring Green, Wisconsin (remodled 1914 and 1925)
1915-1922Imperial Hotel, Tokyo
1924Ennis House, Los Angeles
1936-1939Fallingwater (Kaufman House), Mill Run, Pennsylvania
1938Taliesin West, Scottsdale, Arizona
1956Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York

Buildings and Events in Chronological Order

1850-1851Crystal Palace, London; Joseph Paxton (rebuilt 1852-1856 at Sydenham)

1882-1885Henry Villard Houses, New York; McKim, Mead, and White

1884-1885Home Insurance Building, Chicago; Jenney

1885-1887Marshall Field Wholesale Warehouse, Chicago; Richardson

1885-1887The Rookery Building, Chicago; Burnham and Root

1886-1890Auditorium Building, Chicago; Adler and Sullivan

1887-1889Eiffel Tower (976; 300 m.), Paris Exposition; Gustave Eiffel

1887-1898Boston Public Library; McKim, Mead, and White

1889Galerie des Machines, Paris Exposition; Charles Louis Ferdinand Dutert

(architect) and Victor Contamin (engineer)

1889-1890Monadnock Building, Chicago; Burnham and Root (Root)

1889-1891Second Leiter Building, Chicago; Jenney

1890-1891Wainwright Building, St. Louis; Adler and Sullivan

1892reinforced concrete frame patented by Franois Hennebique

1893Worlds Columbian Exposition, Chicago; Burnham and Root et al.

1893-1902Columbia University, New York; McKim, Mead, and White

1894-1895Reliance Building, Chicago; D. H. Burnham and Company (design

begun
by Root in 1891 and redesigned by Charles B. Atwood)

1894-1896Guaranty Building, Buffalo; Adler and Sullivan

1898-1903Schlesinger & Mayer Department Store (renamed Carson Pirie Scott

& Co. in 1904 and enlarged by Burnham in 1906), Chicago; Sullivan

1903-1904Apartment Building, 25b rue Franklin, Paris; Perret

1904Larkin Company Administration Building, Buffalo, NY; Wright

1904-1906, 1910-1912Postal Savings Bank, Vienna; Wagner

1905-- Plaza Hotel, New York; Henry Janeway Hardenbergh

1906Unity Temple, Chicago; Wright

1906-1914St. Thomas Church, New York (Cram, Goodhue, and Ferguson)

1908Robie House, Chicago; Wright

1908-1912Coonley House, Riverside, Illinois; Wright

1909-1918Ford Motor Co., Highland Park Plant, Michigan; Albert Kahn

1911Taliesin, Spring Green, Wisconsin (remodled 1914 and 1925); Wright

1911-1912Fagus Factory, Alfeld, Germany; Gropius and Meyer

1911-1913Woolworth Building (760), New York; Cass Gilbert

1911-1922Lincoln Memorial, Washington; Henry Bacon

1912-1913Jahrhunderthall, Breslau, Germany; Max Berg with Richard Konwiartz

1912-1931Viceroys House, New Delhi; Lutyens

1913Palace of Fine Arts, San Francisco; Maybeck

1913Grand Central Terminal, New York; Warren and Wetmore

1913-1914Werkbund Exhibition, Cologne; Gropius and Meyer

1915-1922Imperial Hotel, Tokyo; Wright

1916Hangar, Orly Airport, Paris; Eugne Freyssinet

1919Tower of the Third International, Moscow; project by Vladimir Tatlin

1922Tribune Tower Competition, Chicago; first prize to Howell and Hood;

second to Eliel Saarinen

1923Vers une Architecture (Towards a New Architecture) by Le Corbusier

1924Ennis House, Los Angeles; Wright

1925Art Deco Style popularized by the Exposition Internationale des Arts

Dcoratifs
et Industriels Modernes, Paris

1925-1926Bauhaus, Dessau; Gropius

1927Weissenhof Siedlung, Stuttgart; separate buildings by Behrens, Gropius, Le

Corbusier, Mies, Oud, Poelzig, Stam, et al.

1927-1929Lovell House, Los Angeles; Neutra

1928-1930Tugendhat House, Brno, Czechoslovakia; Mies van der Rohe

1928-1931Villa Savoye, Poissy, France; Le Corbusier

1928-1931Empire State Building, New York; Shreve, Lamb, and Harmon

1929Chrysler Building, New York; William Van Alen

1929Liverpool Cathedral (project; part of crypt constructed); Lutyens

1929German Pavilion, Barcelona; Mies van der Rohe

1929-1932Municipal Stadium, Florence; Nervi

1929-1933Rockefeller Center, New York; Reinhard and Hofmeister; Corbet,

Harrison and McMurray; and Hood and Fouilhoux (site plan and RCA
Building)

1931PSFS (Philadelphia Saving Fund Society) Building, Philadelphia; Howe and

Lescaze

1933-1935National Archives Building, Washington; Pope

1936-1939Fallingwater (Kaufman House), Mill Run, Pennsylvania; Wright

1937Duveen Sculpture Gallery, British Museum, London; Pope

1937National Gallery of Art; Pope; completed by Eggers and Higgins, 1941

1937Strathmore Apartments, Los Angeles; Neutra

1938Taliesin West, Scottsdale, Arizona; Wright

1939-1942Prefabricated hangars, Orvieto; Nervi

1945-1956General Motor Technical Center; Eero Saarinen with Smith, Hinchman,

and
Grylls

1946-1952Unit dhabitation, Marseilles, France; Le Corbusier

1947-1953United Nations Buildings, New York; Harrison and Abramovitz, Le

Corbusier, Niemeyer, and Markelius

1948-1951Lake Shore Drive Apartments, Chicago; Mies van der Rohe (associated)

1950-1956Crown Hall, Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago; Mies van

der
Rohe (associated)

1951-1955Chapel Notre-Dame du-Haut, Ronchamp, France; Le Corbusier

1952Lever House, New York; SOM (Bunshaft)

1953-1959Convent La Tourette, Eveux-sur-Arbresle, France; Le Corbusier

1953-1958UNESCO Conference Hall, Paris; Nervi with Bernard Zehrfuss and

Marcel
Breuer

1953-1963Chandigarh, India; Le Corbusier

1954-1958Seagram Building, New York; Mies van der Rohe (associated)

1956Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York; Wright

1956-1957Palazzeto dello Sport, Rome; Nervi with Annibale Vitellozzi

1956-1962Terminal, Trans World Airways, Kennedy Airport, New York

1956-1968Sydney Opera House (completed 1973), Australia; Jrn Utzon

1957-1964Braslia; Oscar Niemeyer

1958-1959Palazzo dello Sport, Rome (with Marcello Piacentini); Nervi

1958-1962Apartment Building, Bremen, Germany; Aalto

1960-1964CBS (Columbia Broadcasting System) Headquarters, New York; Eero

Saarinen

1961-1964National Gymnasium, Tokyo Olympics; Tange

1962Vanna Venturi House, Philadelphia; Robert Venturi

1962-1974Sher-E-Banglanagar; Dacca, Bangladesh; Kahn

1962-1976World Trade Center, New York; Minoru Yamasaki

1963Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University; SOM

(Bunshaft)

1963Chicago Civic Center, Chicago; C. F. Murphy Associates, supervising

architects;
SOM; Loebl, Schlossman & Bennett, associate architects

1963--Simon Fraser University Competition, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada;

first
place with Geoffrey Massey

1963-1968Ford Foundation Headquarters, New York; Roche and Dinkeloo

1964Green Center for the Earth Sciences, MIT, Cambridge; Pei

1964New York State Theatre, Lincoln Center, New York; Philip Johnson Associates

1964-1965Central Mall and Transportation Centre, SFU (Erickson/Massey

Associates with Jeffrey Lindsay, engineer)

1965-1970John Hancock Center, Chicago; Bruce Graham and SOM

1966Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture by Robert Venturi published by

the
Museum of Modern Art, New York

1967University Plaza, New York University; Pei

1968Everson Museum of Art, Syracuse, NY; Pei

1968-1969MacMillan Bloedel Building, Vancouver; Erickson/Massey

1958-1962Art and Architecture Building, Yale University; Paul Rudolph

1964-1967Hyatt Regency Hotel, Atlanta; John Portman and Associates

1970-1971University of Lethbridge, Alberta; Erickson/Massey

1971-1977Pompidou Center, Paris; Renzo Piano and Richard Rogers

1972Olympic Stadium, Munich; Behnisch & Partner with Gunther Grzimek (roof
by
Frei Otto)

1974Sears Tower, Chicago (110 stories)

1975Pacific Design Center, Los Angeles; Cesar Pelli

1975Five Architects: Eisenman, Graves, Gwathmey, Hejduk, Meier published by

Oxford University Press, New York.

1978Piazza dItalia, New Orleans, La.; Charles Moore and August Perez Associates

1978--AT&T Building, New York; Johnson/Burgee Architects

1983Staatsgalerie Extension, Stuttgart; James Stirling

1986Hongkong Bank, Hong Kong; Foster Associates of London

GW21VIII1