2004 11 N ov .

2004
25 6 Foreign Language Education V ol. 25 N o. 6

EFF ECT

( 200240)

: , effect
, ; effect
AD J + N V + N , effect ,

: ; ; ; ;
: H 039: A : 1000-5544( 2004) 06-0021-04
Abstract: Adopting the co rpus -based appr oach , the pr esent study analyzes the co llo cat ional behav ior o f t he fr equently
used w or d effect in its tw o co llig ations. A co mpariso n is dr awn bet ween its use in Chinese L ear ner Eng lish Cor pus
and that in nat ive Eng lish speaker s' cor pus. T he stat istics on the o bjectiv e dat a r eveal sig nificant discr epancies in the
use o f effect by Chinese English lear ner s and nativ e speakers. T he ma jor pr oblem s lie in Chinese lea rners' misuse ,
ov er use or underuse of effect in the co llig atio ns of A DJ + N and V + N , and in the ca se it is used as a v erb . T his pa-
per aims to highlig ht the impor tant r ole of the co rpus -based collo catio na l r esearch in English vo ca bulary teaching .
Key words: co rpus; collo catio n; colligat ion; frequency ; difference

100 ; , ,
1.

KW IC ( key w or ds in co nt ext ) ,
, effect , - 5 / + 5
, Firth : M icr o Co nco rd ,
( 1957: 12) T ACT W or dsmith T o ols M icr oConcor d
T A CT Z ,
( Halliday, 1976: 75) , Z = 2. 0 , Z
W or dsmith
( , 2001: 123) , Jones Sinclair ( 1974:
15-61) 3.
, , ( )
, , 3. 1
CL EC LO B 1, 175, 656
1, 368, 693Effect effects effected CL EC
, ,
L O B 177 351 ,
effect
15 26 ( = x 100, 000 / )
,
effect LO B
, ,
effect ,
effect
1 ef-
, ,
fect , effect

, effect
2.
1. effect L OB CL EC

L OB CL EC
( CL EC, Chinese L ear ner Eng lish
Cor pus) , 351 177
1 - 4 46
1 - 4 332 19 162 15
- / ( L OB , L ancast er Oslo / Ber g en Cor - 94. 6% 5. 4% 91. 5% 8. 5%
pus) , 1961 : 17. 5 : 1 6. 2 : 1
,

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 2004 11 N ov . 2004
25 6 Foreign Language Education V ol. 25 N o. 6

3. 2 Effect 2 , g r ea t effect , posit ive effect M i-

CO BU IL D ( 2000: 529) cro Concor d CLEC 5 effect ( s ) :
, effect : the effect of one t hing 1. Com puter s has tw o go od effect s. A s w e all kno w,
on anot her is the chang e t hat the first thing causes in t he sec- 2. P repar e for it , so y ou w ill g et a g o od effect after yo u
ond thing Effect : effect ef- begin to do it .
fect s Effects , , 3. A nother factor w hich has g reat effect on one's suc-
L O B CL EC cess.
, effect , 4. T hen it will have a g reat effect o n the r eal commo dity
effect effect s manufacture
M icro Concor d , effect 5. Study ing abro ad has m or e posit ive effect than negat ive
( s ) : A DJ + N , V + N effect
, effect( s) L O B CL EC , ,
hav e hav e + ( DET ) + A DJ + effect ( s )
3. 2. 1 A DJ + N , effect ( )
( CLEC) , effect L OB :
A DJ + N 101 , effect 57% ; 1. hes , jabbing a nd uppercutting to go od effect , and w as
L OB 87 , 25% w ell o n t op no w .
A DJ + N 2. ssible , in many cases to g oo d effect. Y o u may be fo r-
, effect -5 / + tunate in having
5, N - 1 2 3 LO B CLEC 3. atm ospher e of fo g and m yster y to gr eat effect . NO T
effect F A IR' say
2. L O B : N - 1 , LO B go od effect, g reat effect
to , effect ( ) ,
Z
, g oo d , gr eat ,
r esidual 8 14 40. 813 effect LO B
adv erseP 3 7 21. 601 , ,
beneficial 3 7 21. 601 beneficial effect
desir ed 4 38 13. 861 ,
sig nificant 3 78 7. 002 ,
, ( , 2001:
3. CL EC: N - 1 61) L O B , effect A DJ + N ,
, effect
Z
10 :
negat ive 11 33 47. 596
1. A lv ar ez, and the essential effect o f ba lance the ba l-
bad 17 472 30. 884
ance of the
adv erse 2 3 28. 916
2. principal effect of t his reclassificatio n has been
deadly 2 14 26. 321
3. o me ext ent at lea st , the ir r itating effect of the chemi-
posit ive 6 34 25. 409
cal substance c
side 8 168 14. 868 4. there might be some mar ginal effect on the county
deep 4 86 12. 384
r ate, so far a s he
ill 4 317 5. 993 5. schoo ling hav e no r esidual effect o n reading perfo r-
harmful 1 131 3. 837
mance dur ing the
g reat 6 1266 2. 785 6. uth A frica w hich w ill have serious effects on the econ-
go od 8 2797 2. 633 om y of the co unt
7. e made r edundant . T he demo ralising effect o n t he
2 3 , L O B CLEC staff o f the new to w
, N -1 effect 8. and for la bo ur had a sig nificant effect on w ag e rate
3 : changes in that
, adver se effect 9. fa lsify ing the g ener al effect o r dazzling t he singer 's
, , ey es
, 10. mo re and m or e fo r dr amatic effect. T ess ag ain pr o-
, posit ive effectg reat effect vides a fine
go od effect ; L OB g oo d effect A DJ + N :

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 2004 11 N ov . 2004
25 6 Foreign Language Education V ol. 25 N o. 6

1) : demo ralizing , ir r itating , ser io us 1. must do it ag ain in or der t o reach the effect . So we
2) : can't haste
: dr amatic, significant , g ener al 2. if w e do it quickly but do n't r each t he effect, w e must
: essential, pr incipal, mar ginal, r esidual do it again
, 3. o n t ime. T he other is to r each the effect . We o nly do
effect A DJ + N , effect bot h.
, bad, nega tiv e, po sitiv e, g oo d , L OB
effect , L OB bad , g ood effect ,
, neg ative posit ive effect ,
, L O B
, neg ativ e po sitiv e effect 3. 2. 3
, , V + N , effect
, effect
3. 2. 2 V + N , ( 5)
V + N L O B CL EC 91 5. L O B 7
83 -5 / + 5 , N - 2, N L O B CL EC
- 3, N - 4 Effect ,
In effect 16 4
,
W ith effect fr om 10 0
4 CLEC
Hav e effect 6 1
effect
T o the effect that 4 1
4. CL EC : N - 2, N - 3, N - 4
T ake effect 4 4
Z F or effect 2 0
cause 2 302 50. 330 car r y into effect 2 0
have 33 6577 42. 624
bring 6 353 9. 351 CL EC
has 16 2490 8. 400 take effect L OB 4 , CLEC
reach 3 120 8. 184 , t ake effect 4 ,
realizing 1 15 7. 922 , :
br oug ht 3 159 7. 010 ( 1) In or der to reduce the fake co modit ies, fir st , t he
cr eated 1 48 6. 985 g ov ernment shall cr eate a ser ies of law , specifying that a ll t he
takes 2 85 6. 465 fake commo dities is invalid, ta ke effect to pr ot ect t he
st udies 2 111 5. 578 consumer's benefit. A nother fa ct or ies shall take effect to pr o-
take 6 1442 3. 708 tect themselves.
made 2 858 2. 778 ( 2) So only str ong ers surv iving in mo der n society still
take effect .
L O B , effect , ( 3) T hat is t he w ay law takes effect.
: ( 1)
1) : ,
have , give r ise to , pro duce, car ry into ,
2) take effect ,
, : calculate, co nsider , inter pr et, agr ee with, , take effect put . . . into effect, t ake mea-
account for , study, ex amine , illustr ate, understand sures , take effect
, : r educe, nullify, o ver co me, avo id , balance, ( 2) ( 3) , ,
alter , take effect
, V + N take effect
, ,
effect ,
,
L O B 4 , take effect
, cause, hav e, br ing , creat e, make, , t ake
, effect ,
CL EC 4 take effect :
r each t he ef fect 3 : ar mistice , reco mmendations , mar ch , ag reement

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 2004 11 N ov . 2004
25 6 Foreign Language Education V ol. 25 N o. 6

take effect affect o ne's health ( )

1. T he armist ice w as to take effect in Par is immediately
4.
indeed o n
2. r atio n's r eco mmendat ions did no t take effect until a , effect
w eek later . : A DJ
3. ma rch o f 18th Januar y too k effect almo st immediate- + N , effect
ly . T wo , effect
4. under taken by the Company w hich to ok effect fr om ,
the 3r d Octo ber , 1960 effect ,
, , , , effect
CL EC , put. . . into effect br ing . . . into effect effect ( affect )
4 6 , L OB effect ,
, carr y . . . ,
into effect :
, w ith effect fr om , ha ve effect , to the ( 1) ,
effect that , fo r effect CL EC ,
, effect ,
effect ,
, ,
, ,
3. 3 effect
effect , ( 2) ,
L OB : 19 , CL EC : 15 effect ,
, ,
effected L OB 5 :
, ,
1. and appeared to be effected by a mechanism involv ing
,
an
,
2. the tra nslatio n fr om A dam t o Chr ist effected and the

different spheres

3. much of the g ro up's business is effected o n hire pur -
chase ter ms, t h
4. even a v ertical landing could be effected . Sally and of
[ 1] Firt h, J . R. Pap ers i n L ingui stics 1934 - 1951[ M ] . London: O x-
course M r
ford U niversit y Pres s, 1957: 12.
5. is a fur ther refinement, effect ed w ith the aid of the
[ 2] Halliday, M . A . K . Lexi cal R elat ions [ A ] . In K ress , C. ( ed ) .
Sept ua gint r en System and Funct ion i n L ang uage[ C] . O xf ord: O xf ord U nivers ity
, -5 / + 5 , Pres s, 1976: 75.
: r efinement, Septuag int, business, pur chase , landing , [ 3] Jones, S . & Sinclair, J. En glis h lexical collocat ions : a st udy in
tr anslation, A dam, Christ, mechanism , comput at ional lingu ist ics [ J] . Cahier s d e l ex icol og ie 23. 2 ( 1974 )
; effect : 15-61.
, effect [ 4] Sinclair , J . C orp us, Concord ance, Col locati on[ M ] . O xf ord : O x-
ford U niversit y Pres s, 1991.
, ,
[ 5] CO BU ILD [ Z] . : ,
, effect :
2000: 529.
( 1) F ake commo dities . . . can failure o ur plan and effect
[ 6] . [ C] . : ,
our bo dies hea lth. 2001.
( 2) L azy . . . must effect me ver y much. [ 7] . [ D ] . :
( 3) Bad wo rk also can effect yo ur life value , 2001: 61, 123.
effect [ 8] . 50 : [ J ] .
, , 2003( 2) : 11-15.
, effect
, effect , : , ,
( 2) ( 3) ,
af fect effect ( 1)
effect a ffect , affect to atta ck 2004-04-03
or infect as a disease, effect ,
24