Professional Documents
Culture Documents
-Critic of Mill
-Positive Liberal
Ernest Barker
Machiavelli -Machia
Ebenstein
Sabine
-Bentham
Bentham -Utilitarianism
Galbraith
Gramsci
-Postcolonialism
-Asian Postcolonial states
Gunner Myrdal [LIBERAL THEORY OF PC} -Concept of Soft States
-Postcolonialism
J W Riggs [LIBERAL THEORY OF PC] -Prismatic Societies
-Postcolonialism
G Tansley -Concept of Political Development Model
-Postcolonialism
Hamza Alavi -Overdeveloped States
-Marx
Marx -Dialectic Materialism
-Anarchist
Kropotkin -Critic of Marxist Class Conflict theory
1. DEMOCRATIC SOCIALISM
Poulantzas
Gorbaschev
Axel Honneth
Rosa Luxemborg
Locke
Definitions:
Jefferson
Bentham
Classical Liberal -> (-ve Liberty)
Adam Smith
J S Mill
Positive Liberals
T H Green
Laski
Neo Liberal
Hayek
Isiah Berlin
Murray Rothbard
Ayn Rand
Rawls
Sen
Social Liberal (Egalitarians)
Galbraith
Libertarian
Nozick
Critics
Michael Sandel (MultiCulturalist)
Mc Intyre (MC)
Habermas (counter Welfare State)
[NEOMARXIST]
Counter Critic
(Doubles as Criticism of MC Theory)
Virginia Woolf
Fawcet
Radical Feminist
(Sisterhood)
Shulamith Firestone
Simon de Beauvoir (Mother of Radical
Feminism)
Carole Hanish
Susan Moller Okin
Carole Pateman
Catherine McKinnan
Elizabeth Grosz
Iris Young
Cynthia Enloe
3rd Wave (Postmodernist) ->
postcolonial feminist Chandra Mohanty Talpad
3rd Wave
Black feminism Angela Davis
-# Political Concepts -
State, Civil Society, Government, Governance, Power, Authority, Nation
1. State
Mac Iver
(Force Theory)
Lenin
2. Civil Society
Hobbes
Rousseau
Definition of CS
Hegel
Robert Putnam
2. Government
)((Modern Definition))(
Weberian Power (Relational) Max Weber
Foucault
Chomsky
Gramsci
Hegemonic Power
Chantal Mouffe
Bayer
Elitist Power
Pareto
3. Authority
Definition Weber
Types Weber
4. Nation & Nationalism
Definition Benedict Anderson
Weber
James Bryce
Modernist Model
1. Pareto, Weber
2. Robert Dahl
3. Robert Michels
Conception of Power Elites
(Elitist model of Democracy) C Wright Mills
Conception of Polyarchy
(Pluralist Model of Democracy)
((Criticism of Elitist Model)) Robert Dahl
Robert Dahl
Deformed Polyarchy
(Neo-Pluralist Model)
((Revision of Pluralist Model)) Dahl + Charles Lindblom
MACPHERSON's Final Model
Criticism of Classical Model of Liberal
Democracy
Macpherson
Macpherson's Criticisms
Direct Democracy
Rousseau
)((Modern Definition))(
)((Scope))(
Criticism
Representative Bentham
JS Mill
Burke
Arendt
-Arose against criticisms to Direct
Democracy to develop a middle ground Amartya Sen
between representative's deliberation and
direct's popular rule
Joshua Cohen
Main Diff from DD: No Prime focus on
Voting Instrus
Radical Democracy
Habermas
Criticism: Charles Blatberg
-# POLITICAL IDEAS :
- Rights, Duties, Liberty, Equality, Justice, Rule of Law, P
1. Rights
Definition
Theory of Rights-
-Utilitarian Bentham
-Deontological Kant
-Functional Laski
Book Name / Special Term
1. The Prince
2. Discourses
2. Anarchical Fallacies
"Clash of Civilization"
"Asian Drama"
Anti-Duhring
German Ideology
"Mutual Aid"
tics, Counters)
"Road to Serfdom"
"On Liberty"
2."Political Liberalism"
"Industrial State"
"Instrumental Value"
"Legitimation Crisis"
"Incommensurable cultures"
"Dialectics of Sex"
"Personal is Political"
"Personal is Political" Justifications
Differentiated citizenships
"Where are the Women?"
-# Political Concepts -
ernment, Governance, Power, Authority, Nation, Nationalism, Internationalism.
"Crisis of Governability"
"Leviathan"
Political Culture
Civic Culture
Panopticism
Bio Power = Governmentality disciplining
human body through social structures.
Postmodern Perspective of Power
"Imagined Communities"
"Nature of Politics"
1. Protective model
2. Developmental model
1. Elitist Theory
2. Pluralist Theory
Schumpeter-Dahl Axis
Trilemma
Delegate Model
Enlightenment Model
"Uncertain Glory"
Contentious Pluralism
Communicative Action
Categorical Imperative
Summary
Secularization of Politics
Theory of State
Doctrine of Fear: Rule by Fear (Coz Human Nature sucks and governance
policy must take into account the worst aspects.
Disprove Fukuyama
++++++++
Liberal Paradox: Liberal Democracy of West is at peak power yet at its
weakest moment as economic modernization and social change are
making people isolated where Religion has moved in to fill the gap.
Giving rise to Clash of Civilizations between Christian West and Islamic
orient
Idea of Hegemony
G
Three modes of Interference:
3 Modes by which Globalisation erodes Sovereignity
G
Nation-State remains the prime driver behind Globalisation L
O
B
A
L
I
Globalisation causing fundamental changes to Sovereignity of Nation- S
States but the current model of State structure is capable of responding A
to that change without being undermined T
I
O
N
~Nationalism is an Anti Systemic Reactionary Movement and Not an
Ideology
C
First explanation of Historical Materialism o
r
e
First explanation of Dialectic Materialism M
+Explanation of Marx's view on Freedom A
+Explanation of Marx's view on Ideology R
X
G
Gandhi's Swaraj was a radical political philosophy that could overcome A
social antagonisms in Indian society N
D
H
I
G
A
N
D
H
I
Satyagraha has prevented a revolution by perpetrating ideology and
Ahimsa's non-violence has actually been a violence upon the masses
Roman General Fabian saying "Strike when the Iron is hot" -> moto of
Fabians to educate masses about Socialism and create an atmosphere of
acceptance. Middle class as a version of Organic intellectuals
-Peaceful democratic consti method to achieve socialism
'-Market Fundamentalism
-Against Progressive Taxation
-State intervention to achieve social justice is pointless because the
stated objective is never realised while State power inevitably leads to
bureaucratic corruption
- True liberty is lack of State interference
Libs say State is neutral. But Fems say the notion of State Neutrality is a
False Consciousness designed to perpetrate patriarchal hegemony.
Illiberal cultures violate the liberal value of respecting the person and
thence, need not be respected.
Critical about the emphasis given to diversity as
against individuality
Influenced by Wollstonecraft
Leader of English Women's suffrage movement of 1910s
Nationalism, Internationalism.
Evolutionary Origin:
State is a evolutionary result of aggregation of social organizations (eg.-
family, church, commune, etc)
-the state seeks to free womens labour for exploitation in labour market
and it tends
to serve mens interest by maintaining womens unpaid labour in the
home
Eg.- Panopticism
Panopticon like Prison Surveillance automatically establishes discipline
(i.e. obedience to power) even without a physical authority. Thus Power
flows through the system
3 types-
Charismatic: Eg.- Napoleon
Still, Liberal world is more democratic coz Elite classes are fractured as
against Communist world where the Communist Party takes the form of
a monolithic elite.
A self-conscious association of elite classes bound by mutual interests
that effectively run the decisions behind government of USA irrespective
of party in power.
.`. Power Elites are neither accountable nor are their decisions relevant
to the electorate
Eg.- Lobbying is legal in USA. Lobbyist Firms exact hefty fees which can
only be paid by Big Corporates which in turn helps them secure their
interests in policy.
Appreciates the classical model but its unscientific, utopian and far
removed from modern reality
Trilemma:
a) Mass participation
b) Assumed Deliberations
c) Equal Participation.
He is of the view that only conflict, dissent and opposing opinions can
sustain democracy
We should not try to reconcile Liberty and Equality and instead reaffirm
their unresolvable tension and allow dissenting ideologies to contend in
organic evolution of Democratic State
eople Participation.