92 ZHUANTI YAN JIU

q ( 118008)

= > ,
, , ,
,
.
, , .
, . . : ( 1) .
= > ; ; ,
; F .
. ( 2) .
( ) ( , .
) . , : .
. , , ,
.
, , ,
, , , , m .
, , , : x ij = . :
. , i: ( i = 1, 2,
. , 3, , );
. j: ( j= 1, 2, 3, , );
, . x i: ;
. 1 1 x: .
, ; , 2 21
, , . , , ,
. x. ,
: , x1 , x2 , x 3, x4.
( 1) . ( x ij - x i ) , .
( 2) . , ( ) : =
( 3) . + .
,
11 . =
, : + .
(% ), :
. , . : 2:
1:


1 2 3 4 5
n
Q1
Q1 = n E ( xi - x ) 2 m-1 S21 =
m- 1
i= 1
60e 84 90 87 93 81 87

m n
65e 97 89 96 88 95 93 Q2
Q2 = E E
i= 1 j= 1
( x ij - x i ) 2 mn- m S22 =
mn - m
70e 92 87 82 87 82 86
m n
75e 81 79 89 90 81 84 Q2
Q= E E
i= 1 j = 1
(x ij - x) 2 mn- 1 S2 =
mn - 1
x = 871 5.

20101 7

ZHUANT I YANJIU 93
:
3: .
11
n 8, 4
Q1

Q1 = n E ( x i - x) 2
m - 1= 3
S 21 =
m-1 ,
i= 1

= 195 = 65 :
m n 5:
Q2

Q2 = E E (x ij - x i ) 2
mn - m = 16
S 22 =
mn- m
i= 1 j = 1 (B )
= 334 = 201 875
m n
Q2

Q = E E
i= 1 j= 1
( x ij - x ) 2
mn - 1= 191
2
S =
mn- 1
(A )

= 281 737 1 31. 33 34. 36 35. 36 39. 38

= 546
2 33. 34 36. 37 37. 39 38. 41
31
, 3 35. 37 37. 38 39. 40 42. 44

/ 0 , 21
, S 21 S 22: ( )
S2 .
F = 12 , F F .
S2
S 21 65
F = = = 311138.
S 22 201875
F F .
(H 0 ): ;
:
H 1 : . F
= A + B +
:
A B + .
H 0: A1 = A2 = A3 = 0.
:
H 1: A X 0.
6:
F F ,
F
F ,
A 56. 6 2 28. 3 19. 4
A= 0105, F 0105( 3116) = 3124, 311138< 31 24, B 132. 2 3 44. 1 30. 2
. A @B 4. 7 6 0. 8 0. 55
17. 5 12 1. 46
, 211. 0 23
, ,
31
. . ,
, . ,
, . ( ). ,
4: (
). .
F
: .
A n S 21

Q 1= n E ( x i - x) 2 m- 1 S 21 FA =
S 23
, A= 01 01, F 0101( 2112) = 619,
i= 1
F 0101(2112) = 6, F 0101( 0112) = 41 82, 191 4> 61 9, 3012> 6, 0155 <
B n
S 22

Q 2=m E (x j - x ) 2 n- 1 S 22 FB =
S 23 4182, ,
j= 1

m n
S 23 = .
Q 3= c E E (m - 1)# S23
i= 1 j= 1 Q3 F A @B =
(n - 1) S24
A @B (x ij - x i - x j + x ) 2 ( n- 1) (m - 1) ,
m n ,

Q4 = E E
i= 1 j= 1 mn (c - 1) S24 =
Q4
, ,
mn ( c- 1)
(x ij - x i - x j + x ) 2 , .
m n
,
Q = E E ( x ij - x ) 2 m nc - 1
i= 1 j= 1 . ,

20101 7
 94 ZHUANTI YAN JIU

, .
. : ,
.
. ,
( ),
.
, ,
.
, .

= >
[ 1] . . : ,
2001( 12).
[ 2] . . : ,
, , 1984( 10).
: , [ 3] [ ] # . .
. : , 2008( 10).
, ,
[ 4] [ ] P. L. M eyer. . :
.
, 1986( 8).
F ,
[ 5]. . :
, :
? , ( ). , 2001( 1).
. [ 6], , . [M ] . :
, 2004( 1).
, , [ 7] . . : , 1986
. , ( 11).
( ) ( ) ,

( 91 )

52 z P
= - sec2 x sec2 y tan( x + y ) - z = tanx tany tanp x = y = p = ,
5x5y 3
sec2 x tany sec2 ( x + y ) - tanx sec2 y sec2 ( x + y ), ~
m
 P P P
z = tan tan tan = 3 3.
5 z2 3 3 3
= - 2 tanx sec2 y sec2 ( x + y ) -
5y2 .
2 tanx tany tan( x + y ) [ sec2 y + sec2 ( x + y ) ]. u
n
 2( ) .
6 ABC , x, y, p
5z x y p
= - sec2 x tany tan( x + y ) - tanx tany sec2 ( x + y ) = 0, , tan tan tan (m 1 ).
5x m m m
5z , ,
= - tanx sec2 y tan( x + y ) - tanx tany sec2 ( x + y ) = 0,
5y ,
P ,
x= ,
3
,
.
P
y= . 1 2 ,
3
P 1 2, .
_ x = y= p = .
3
P = >
x= y= p= 
}
m ~
m u,
n
3 [ 1]. ( ). :
A = 12 3, B = 8 3, C = 12 3, , 2004: 70.
$ = B 2 - AC = ( 8 3) 2 - 12 3# 12 3= - 240< 0, [ 2] . ( ). :
A = 12 3> 0, _ 1: , 2007: 115.

20101 7