2006, 15( 2) : 174~ 179

A cta A gr icultur ae Bor eali-occidental is Sinica

Excel
*
, , , ,
( , 712100)

: Ex cel ,
/ SU M0 , / COU N T0 , / A VERA G E0 ,
/ SU M P RODU CT0 , / M M U LT 0 / M D ET ERM0
Excel
: M icr osoft Ex cel 2000; ; ;
: S11 + 3 : A : 1004- 1389( 2006) 02- 0174- 05

Multiple Covariance Analysis in Microsoft Excel 2000

H U Xiang- shun, L IU Xiao- feng , ZH AO H u-i yan, LI Dong- hong and H U Zu- qing
( Colleg e of Pl ant Prot ect ion, N ort hw est A & F U n iversit y, Y angling Shaan xi 712100 , Ch ina)

Abstract: U sed funct ions edit or and simple copy, stick f unct ion could do mult iple cov eriance analysis
in Microso ft Ex cel t able. T he order include t ot al sum o rder " SUM ", count o rder " COU NT ", m ean
order "AVERA GE", and the order " SUM PRODU CT " t hat about count t he t ot al sum of so me dat a's
pro duct w hich som e gro ups number corresponding multiply; t he order "MM U LT " that used to count
pro duct of tw o matr ix es; t he order "M DET ERM " t hat used t o count t he det erminant value of one ma-
t rix . An example abo ut t w o fact or s m ult iple cov ariance analy sis and mult iple compar isons w hich have
dif ferent repetit ion in M icrosof t Excel 2000 had been giv en.
Key words: M icrosof t Ex cel 2000; Funct ions edit or ; M ult iple coveriance analysis; Biost ast ics

, ,
2 ( ) ,
[ 1]
Ex cel M icro sof t
Of f ice ,
, 1
[ 2]
, ,
[ 3~ 8]

M icro sof t Ex cel 2000
4 ( ) ( A i , i = 1, 2, 3,
,
4, A 1 = Ast ron, A 2 = Am igo, A 3 = 98- 10- 35,
,
, A 4 = - 22) 2 ( B j , j = 1, 2, B1

, = ( S it obi on avenae ) , B2 =
( Rhop al osip hum p adi ) x ij tk ( t
Ex cel , t= 1, 2, 3, ,, r , r ; k = 1, 2,

* : 2005- 07-14 : 2005-11-02

: ( 02/ 03) ; ( 080807)
: ( 1973- ) , , , , ,
E - m ail : hu xian gshun@ 163. com .
2 : Ex cel # 175 #

3, 4: x ij t1 = MRGR( ) , x ij t 2 = ) , 4
( d) , x ij t3 = ( Lg) x ij t 4 = 1
(
1
Table 1 The statistical meaning and function in multivariate analysis of variance
Fun ct ion St at ist ical m eaning
X ij t = ( x ij t 1 , x ij t 2 , x ij t 3 , x ij t 4 ) T
T i j . = ( T ij . 1 , T ij . 2 , T ij . 3 , T i j . 4 ) T A i B j
T i . . = ( T i. . 1 , T i . . 2 , T i . . 3 , T i. . 4 ) T A i
T . j . = ( T . j . 1, T . j . 2, T . j . 3, T . j . 4 ) T B j
T . . . = ( T . . . 1 , T . . . 2, T . . . 3 , T . . . 4 ) T
X ij . = ( X
i j . 1,
X i j . 2 , X i j . 3 , X i j . 4 ) T A i B j
X i. . = X i. . 1 ,
X i . . 2 , X i. . 3 , X i . . 4 ) T
X . j . =
X . j . 1,
X . j . 2,
X . j . 3 , X . j . 4 ) T
X . . . = X . . . 1 ,
X . . . 2 , X . . . 3 ,
X . .. 4 ) T

/ 0 / fx 0,
2 Ex cel 2 / SU M
2. 1 Excel COUNT
AVERAGE0 / 0
, / 0,
Excel
2 Excel
Table 2 The exemple of multivariates analysis of variance
order and its statistical meaning in excel table
O rder St at ist ical meaning
SU M ( B3: B14) B 3 14
COU N T ( B3: B14) B 3 14
A V ERA G E ( B3: B14) B 3 14
SU M PR OD U CT ( B3: B14, D3: D 14) B 3 14
D 3 14
M M U LT ( B234: E234, A 229: A 232) ( B E 234 234 ) ( A
229 232 )
M DET ER M ( B224: E227) ( B E , 224 227 )

2. 2 / = SU M ( B3: B14) 0, ( S. av e-
Ex cel , nae) Astr on MRGR( x 11. 1 )
Ex cel, , ( B15, / 0 / fx
, 0 , / 0
Ex cel , / SUM0, ( B3: B14) ,
41n( n 2 )
, Ast ron n= 0, 41; , B16, B17
Amigo n= 1, 81; 98- 10- 35 , / = COUNT ( B3:
n= 2, 121; - 22 n= 3 B14) 0, / = A VERAGE ( B3: B14) 0,
161, , 2 ( S . avenae) Astro n M RGR( x 11. 1 )
Astr on 4 , 3 r ( 1)
) , , ( S.
, 1 avenae) ( R. p adi ) Ast ron
2 Ast ron 4 :
, B15, B15: B17, ,
, ,
 # 176 # 15

C15: I17 , B15: D14, D3: D14) 0, E24, / = SUM PROD-

B17, , , C15: I17 U CT ( D3: D14, E3: E14) 0, E25, / =
SU M PRODU CT ( E3: E14, E3: E14) 0,
[ 2]
( )
B22, / = SU M- ( S . avenae) Astr on
P RODU CT ( B3: B14, B3: B14) 0, C22, r
E x 11kl x 11km ,
/ = SU M PRODU CT ( B3: B14, C3: C14) 0,
i= 1

( B22: E22) ,
D22, / = SUM PRODU CT ( B3: B14, D3:
,
D14) 0, E22, / = SUM PRODU CT ( B3:
B22: E22, ,
B14, E3: E14) 0; C23, / = SUM PROD- r

U CT ( C3: C14, C3: C14) 0, D23, / = F22: I22 ( R. p adi ) i E

= 1

SU M PRODU CT ( C3: C14, D3: D14 ) 0, x 11kl x 11km

E23, / = SU MP RODU CT ( C3: C14, E3:
E14) 0; D24, / = SUM PRODUCT ( D3:

1 Astron Excel
Fig. 1 The interface of 2 aphids biological indexes on wheat variety "Astron" in Excel table
B28, / = SU M- ( R. p ad i) Ast ro n
P RODU CT ( B15, B15 ) 0, C28, / =
*
T ij . l T ij . m
SU M PRODU CT ( B15, C15) 0, D28,
/ = SU MP RODU CT ( B15, D15) 0, E28, B34, / = B15+
/ = SUM PRODUCT ( B15, E15) 0; C29, F150, C34, / = C15+
/ = SU MP RODU CT ( C15, C15) 0, G150, D34, / = D15+
D29, / = SUM PRODUCT ( C15, D15) 0, H 150, E34, / = E15+
E29, / = SUM PRODUCT ( C15, E15) 0; I150, T i. . = ( T i. . 1 , T i. . 2 ,
D30, / = SU MP RODU CT ( D15, T i. . 3, T i. . 4 ) T , ( B34: E34) , ,
D15 ) 0, E30, / = SUM PRODUCT / SU MP RODUCT 0
( D15, E15) 0, E31, / = SUM PRODUCT T i. . l T i. . m ,
( E15, E15) 0, ( S. avenae) As- F( 34) : I( 37)
t ro n , 40n
T ij . l T ij . m , , 15 38 , ,
( B28: E28) , , ( 40n+ 15) ( 40n+ 38)
,
T
( B28: E28) , , ( F28: I28) T . j . = ( T . j . 1 , T . j . 2 , T . j . 3 , T . j . 4 ) ,
2 : Ex cel # 177 #

( 2 B162: I162) , l11 l12 l 13 l14
T . j . kT . j. m ( B164: I167) ; T . . . = ( l
21 l
22 l
23 l
24
L =
T . . . 1 , T . . . 2 , T . . . 3 , T . . . 4 ) T ,
l31 l32

l 33 l34

T . . . k T . . . m ( B172: E175) l
41 l
42 l
43 l
44

1 4 T . . kT . . m
= l km = br i i=E1 T i. . k T i. . m - abr ( k, m
, abr, ar , br , r
( A177: I184) = 1, 2, 3, 4; abr = 85, br 1 = 22, br 2 = 22, br 3 = 17,
2. 3 br 4 = 24)
2. 3. 1 W F 188 : F 34/ 22 + F 74/ 22 +
l 11 l 12 l13 l 14 F114/ 17 + F 154/ 24 - B172/ 85,
l 21 l 22 l23 l 24 l
11 : 0. 003326, F 188,

W=
l 31 l 32 l33 l 34 l
km 2( F188: I191)

l 41 l 42 l43 l 44 2. 3. 3 L
4 2 r
T ,k T ,m l
11 l
12 l
13 l
14
l km = i=E1 j E E x ij tk x ij tm - ( k, m=
= 1t= 1 abr l 21 l22 l 23 l24
1, 2, 3, 4; abr= 85 L =
l
31 l
32 l
33 l
44
4 2 r 2
T ,k
( k= m l km = l kk = i=E1j E E x ij tk -
2
, l 41 l42 l 43 l44
= 1t= 1 abr
1 2 T..kT ..m
) = l
km = E T . j . kT . j. m - ( k, m
ar j j = 1 abr
B188 : B22 + F22 + B62 + F62 = 1, 2, 3, 4; abr = 85, ar 1 = 48, ar 2 = 37)
+ B102 + F 102 + B142 + F142 - B172/ 85, B194 : B164/ 48+ F 164/ 37-
l 11 : 0. 430759, Ex cel B172/ 85, l
11 : 0. 28129,

, lij B194, l
km
2( B189, / = 0, 2 ( B194: E197)
C188, , ,, )
2. 3. 2 L

2 Excel
Fig. 2 The interface of secondly data in Excel table
2. 3. 4 @ L @ L @ =
 # 178 # 15

@ @ @ @
l11 l 12 l13 l 14 12 10
@ @ @ @
l 21 l 22 l 23 l 24 12 10
@ @ @ @
( k, m= 1, 2, 3, 4; r ij = )
l 31 l 32 l 33 l 34 12 5
@ @ @ @ 12 12
l
41 l
42 l
43 l
44

@ 1 4 2 1 4 B200 : B22 + F22 + B62 +

l
km = E E T ij . k T ij . m - E T i. . k
r ij i= 1 j = 1 br 1 i= 1 F62 + B102 + F102 + B142 + F142 - ( B28/ 12
2
1 T ,k T ,m + F 28/ 10 + B68/ 12+ F68/ 10+ B108/ 12+ F 108/
T i. . m - E T.j .k T . j. m +
ar 1 j = 1 abr 5+ B148/ 12+ F148/ 12) , le11
( k, m= 1, 2, 3, 4; abr = 85; br 1 = 22, br 2 = 22, : 0. 139283, lekm
br 3 = 17, br 4 = 24; ar 1 = 48, ar 2 = 37; 2 B200: E203 L e = W -
12 10 L - L - L @ ( 2 F 200:
12 10 I203)
r ij = ) , F194 : / = B28/ 12
12 5 2. 4
12 12 2 4 (
+ F28/ 10 + B68/ 12 + F 68/ 10 + B108/ 12 + ) ,
F108/ 5 + B148/ 12 + F 148/ 12 - ( F 34/ 22 + [ 1] :
F74/ 22 + F 114/ 17 + F 154/ 24) - ( B164/ 48 + p + f + 1
F164/ 37) + B172/ 850, l @
V = - ( f e + f - ) ln
11 2
@
: 0. 006 859, l
km Le
V 2 ( p f ) .
2 ( F194: I197) L e + L
2. 3. 5 L e p + f + 1
V = - ( f e + f - ) ln
e e e e 2
l 11 l 12 l 13 l 14
Le
V ( p f ) .
e e e 2
l 21 l 22 l 23 le24 L e + L
Le =
le31 l32e l e33 le34 V @ = - ( f e + f @ -
le41 l42e l e43 le44 p + f @ + 1 Le
4 2 ) ln
r
1 4 2 2 L e + L @
l km = i=E1 j E E x ij tk x ij tm - E E T ij . k T
e
ij . m
= 1t = 1 r ij i= 1j = 1

3 Excel
Fig. 3 The interface of multiple comparison in Excel table
V2 ( p f @ ) , Ex cel ( 3 ) , L e +
f , p , 4 L * , L e + L , L e + L ,
2 : Ex cel # 179 #

( B206: E209) , ( F206: I209) ( B212: E215) , [ 2]

G212 / = M DET ERM ( F 188: I191) 0
3
L L ,
L @ , L e, L e+ L @ , L e+ L , L e+ L Excel
; p B 217 : B222 , C 217
( , )
/ = - ( B220+ B217- ( 4+ B217+ 1) / 2) 0 , , ,
p + f + 1
- ( f e + f - ) , D217
2 , ,
Le , ,
/ L N ( G215/ I212) 0 ln , E217
L e + L
VB , Ex cel
/ = C217 @ D2170 V
,
, E218, E219 V , V @

, ,

, 4

2. 5
4 ,
:
i. . - X j . . ) T S -e 1 ( X
D 2Aij = ( X i. . - X
j . . )
:
br( f e - p + 1) 2 [ 1] , . [ M ] . :
F Aij = D Aij ~ F( p , f e - p + 1)
2p f e , 2002.
3 222 [ 2] .
, F234: I234 Excel 97 [ M ] . : ,
, 2002.
, F234 / =
[ 3] , , , . Li nest
MM UL T ( $ B$ 234: $ E$ 234, A 229:
[ J] . , 2005( 1) : 57~ 58.
A232) 0, F 234: I234 [ 4] , , . E xcel
, F234 [ J] . , 2003, 29( 9) : 28~ 30.
/ = M MU L T ( B234: E234, $ A $ 229: $ A [ 5] . 2000 M icrosof t E xcel [ J ] .

$ 232) , F234: F 239 , 2000, 15( 1) : 9~ 12, 31.

[ 6] , , , . M icrosof t Ex cel LS R
, B: E
[ J] . , 2004( 2) : 24~ 27.
$ B$ : $ E $ , $ A $ : $ A $ A: A, [ 7] , . M icrosoft of f ice Excel LSD
F235: F 239, G235: I239, [ J ] . , 2004( 1) : 42~ 45.
/ $ 0 , [ 8] , . Excel

, [ J] . , 2004, 41( 6) : 594~ 598.

, , ,

( 169 )
: [ J ] . ( ) , 2004, 20 ( 4) : 462
[ 1] . [ M ] . : ~ 464.
, 2003. [ 6] . [ J] .
[ 2] , . [ M ] . : , 2005( 1) : 2~ 4.
, 1999. [ 7] .
[ 3] . [ M ] . : , 2004. [ J] . , 2001( 5) : 20~ 21.
[ 4] . V B [ J] . [ 8] . W indow s [ J ] .
, 2005, 34( 1) : 85~ 88. , 2001( 9) : 6~ 7.
[ 5] .