Ishaque D-13-PG-22

Habib Rehman D-13-PG-23

Zaigham D-13-PG-24
Abdul Basit D-13-PG-27
Noshad D-13-PG-29
Miandad D-13-PG-30
Lal Bakhsh D-13-PG-31
Abid Ali D-13-PG-32
Abdul Qadir D-13-PG-33
Gul Muhammad D-13-PG-36

By Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)

Presenting Group
 Presentation Scheme

1 Environmental impacts of oil and gas field

2 Concept of air and water pollution in petroleum industry

3 Risk securing techniques

By Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)

 Environment impacts of oil and gas field

Impacts of Exploration and Production can be categorized into following:

1. Impacts on Soil - Contamination of Soil

2. Surface & Ground disturbance Environmental impacts by development and

modification activities

3. Impacts on Eco system Impacts on life around the area of fields

By Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)

 Impacts on Soil

Chemical and oil spill may occurs during

handling, transportation and storage and
these may contaminate soil.

Improper disposal of large volume of

Produced Saline water

Produced Saline water

By Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)

 Impacts on Soil

Accidental release of
hydrocarbon and produced
water. E.g. leakages from pipe
line, well head, tanks, over flow
of pits etc.

Abandon Oil not correctly

plugged.

By Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23) Leakages from wells and pipes

 Surface & Ground disturbance

Following are the activities that creates

surface and ground disturbance such as

Site clearance , civil works & construction before

drilling for exploration and production

construction of Production Facilities

By Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)

 Construction of roads, Pipelines installation and Tank batteries
Brine pits, maintenance.

By Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)

 Impacts on Eco system

Impacts on Eco system are as following

Changes in Local Traffic due to

circulation of heavy vehicles, truck, and
machineries.

Noise pollution caused by equipment

and operation that generates loud
sound.

Accidents like spills , fire and explosion

causes eventual death of human as well
as life around.
By Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)
Activities impacts surrounding lives
 Concept of air and water pollution in
petroleum industry

Air pollution caused by

Particulate Emission into atmosphere

generated during production and refining
operations.

Sulfur and nitrogen oxides, ammonia, acid

mist and fluorine compounds gas emission.

Air Pollution caused by emissions

By Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)
 Water pollution caused by

Water contamination due to discharge of

untreated water which may occur by leakage
of produced water and hydrocarbon from
brine channels, pits and accidental releases
from flowlines and tank batteries.

Water pollution Caused by discharge of

untreated
By Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23) produced water
 Produced water are highly saline (3000 to 350000 mg/l TDS), Organic and inorganic
components, and radium-226/228 and other radioactive materials. Solvents and acid or
alkaline materials. A growing concern facing land managers is the potential use of land for
farming, housing, or other uses where oil and gas production is no longer active but may have
left a legacy of undesirable environmental effects.

*TDS- Total dissolved solids

*Mg/L- Milligrams per litters

Water pollution ad impacts on land of farming

By Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)
 Risk securing techniques

Water should not be discharged. It may be reinjected into formation by depleted wells helps to
recover more oil from reservoir.

Water must be treated if it is needed to be discharged, By treatments such as:

Neutralization Carbon Adsorption

Evaporation Reverse Osmosis
Aeration Ion Exchange
Flocculation Bio Treating Etc.
Oil & Grease Separation

By Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)

 Risk securing techniques

Area for Storing and handling of raw material

and products should be water proofed and
have drainage system so that spills may wash
waters can be directed to treatments

Particulate Emission can be controlled by

equipment such as cyclones, Bag filters,
Electrostatic Precipitators, scrubbers.

Electrostatic Precipitators
By Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)
 Risk securing techniques

Gases and Acid emissions such as sulfur and

nitrogen oxide can be controlled by wet gas
scrubbers, carbon adsorption and other
techniques.

Unwanted gas should be burned by flaring in

order to avoid the exposure of these hazardous
gases to atmosphere. Flaring' wastes 3.5% of
world's natural gas.
Dust Emissions can be controlled by water sprays

By Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)

wet gas scrubbers
 Risk securing techniques

Accessibility of Road system must be selected as best routes having less impact & risk of
accidents .

Acoustic treatment by Enclosure of Equipment or sound proofing the building to operate

at significant noise levels.

Emergency Response Plan in case of fire, large oil spills or explosions.

By Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)

 Learning Outcomes

We have gone through different types of environmental impacts due to oil and gas fields
such as soil contamination, surface and ground disturbance and impacts on eco system.

Air pollution is caused by emission of particulates and hazardous gases and water
pollution is caused by discharge of untreated produced water

The techniques involved to mitigate these issues include the treatment of water,
installation of emission capturing equipment, reducing noise levels, minimize disturbances
of life around, emergency response over catastrophic situations.

By Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)

 References

Environmental Geosciences, V.12, No.2 (June 2005) the American Association of Petroleum
Geologists/Division of Environmental Geosciences.

EIA report for Sinjhoro Gas Condensate Field, OGDCL September 2011.

Jacqueline Barboza Mariano, Emilio LebreLa Rovere, Environmental Impacts of Oil Industry-
Petroleum Engineering-DownStream

By Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)

 Thank you

By Habib-ur-Rehman Solangi (D-13-PG-23)