1.

If the chilled water supply (CWS) is fixed at 40 liters per minute, compare the profile on
the variations of the chilled water return (CWR) and exit air temperatures of both heat
exchangers when the air flow rate is constant at 60,000 liters per minute and the inlet air
temperature to the heat exchanger varies between 20oC to 30oC. The maximum limit of the
NTU for all selected heat exchangers is 3.

Counter flow,

One shell, Two tubes

Cp,water: 4.18kJ/kg water: 0.667kg/s NTU : 3

Cp,air : 1.005kJ/kg air : 1.23kg/s Tc,in : 4 C

Cwater = ,water Cp,water Cair = air Cp,air

= 0.667kg/s 4.18kJ/kg = 1.225kg/s 1.005kK/kg

= 2.788k = 1.23k

Cmin
Cratio =
Cmax

1.23 k
=
2.788 k

= 0.44

Qmax = Cmin (Th,in Tc,in) Q = Cp T

Q *effectiveness, can be obtained by

= referring graph of which is need to know
Qmax
Cratio and NTU
= 0.78
 Inlet Qmax air Qout air Discharge Discharge Qout water,
temperature (W) (W) temperature temperature (W)
air, (C) air,(C) water,(C)
20 19680 15350.4 7.5 9.51 15350.40
21 20910 16309.8 7.75 9.85 16309.80
22 22140 17269.2 7.97 10.19 17269.20
23 23370 18228.6 8.19 10.54 18228.60
24 24600 19188 8.41 10.88 19188.00
25 25830 20147.4 8.63 11.23 20147.40
26 27060 21106.8 8.86 11.57 21106.80
27 28290 22066.2 9.08 11.91 22066.20
28 29520 23025.6 9.30 12.26 23025.60
29 30750 23985 9.52 12.60 23985.00
30 31980 24944.4 9.74 12.95 24944.40
Table 1: Table of temperature and heat transfer for counter flow heat exchanger for one shell,
two tubes

Parallel flow

Single shell, Single tube

Cp,water: 4.18kJ/kg water: 0.667kg/s NTU : 3

Cp,air : 1.005kJ/kg air : 1.23kg/s Tc,in : 4 C

Cwater = ,water Cp,water Cair = air Cp,air

= 0.667kg/s 4.18kJ/kg = 1.225kg/s 1.005kK/kg

= 2.788k = 1.23k

Cmin
Cratio =
Cmax

1.23 k
=
2.788 k

= 0.44

Qmax = Cmin (Th,in Tc,in) Q = Cp T

*effectiveness, can be obtained by

referring graph of which is need to know
Q Cratio and NTU
=
Qmax
 = 0.68

Inlet Qmax air Qout air Discharge Discharge Qout water,

temperature (W) (W) temperature temperature (W)
air, (C) air,(C) water,(C)
20 19680 13382.4 9.13 8.80 13382.40
21 20910 14218.8 9.45 9.10 14218.80
22 22140 15055.2 9.77 9.40 15055.20
23 23370 15891.6 10.09 9.70 15891.60
24 24600 16728.0 10.41 10.00 16728.00
25 25830 17564.4 10.73 10.30 17564.40
26 27060 18400.8 11.05 10.60 18400.80
27 28290 19237.2 11.37 10.90 19237.20
28 29520 20073.6 11.69 11.20 20073.60
29 30750 20910.0 12.02 11.50 20910.00
30 31980 21746.4 12.34 11.80 21746.40
Table 2: Table of temperature and heat transfer for parallel flow heat exchanger for one shell,
one tube

Graph of Air Discharge Temperautre vs Air Inlet Temperature

14.0

12.0

10.0
Discharge Temperature, C

8.0
counter flow
parallel flow
6.0

4.0

2.0

0.0
18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32

Inlet Temperature, C

Figure 1: Graph of Air Discharge Temperature vs Air Inlet Temperature

2. Discuss the effect of heat exchanger types to the exit air temperature that is to be returned
to the lecture halls.

Based on the calculation, the discharge air temperature between counter flow and
parallel heat exchanger is the counter flow types give out lower temperature compare to the
parallel flow. The temperature differences also show that counter flow type produce higher
temperature difference compare to the parallel flow. For the heat transfer values, counter flow
also produce higher heat transfer values compare to parallel flow. The effectiveness of
exchanger also shows that counter give higher effectiveness compare to parallel flow whereas
for the counter flow the effectiveness is 0.78 while for the parallel flow effectiveness is 0.68.

A counter flow heat exchanger is one in which the direction of the flow of one of the
working fluids is opposite to the direction to the flow of the other fluid. In a parallel flow
exchanger, both fluids in the heat exchanger flow in the same direction.

Figure 2: The arrangement of counter flow and parallel flow heat exchanger
3. For the better heat exchanger, if the CWS temperature increases by 1 C, what is the
temperature change to the exit air temperature?

So the inlet water temperature is 5 C,

Counter flow,

One shell, Two tubes

Inlet Qmax air Qout air Discharge Discharge Qout water,

temperature (W) (W) temperature temperature (W)
air, (C) air,(C) water,(C)
20 18450 14391 8.3 10.16 14391.00
21 19680 15350.4 8.53 10.51 15350.40
22 20910 16309.8 8.75 10.85 16309.80
23 22140 17269.2 8.97 11.19 17269.20
24 23370 18228.6 9.19 11.54 18228.60
25 24600 19188 9.41 11.88 19188.00
26 25830 20147.4 9.63 12.23 20147.40
27 27060 21106.8 9.86 12.57 21106.80
28 28290 22066.2 10.08 12.91 22066.20
29 29520 23025.6 10.30 13.26 23025.60
Table 3: Table of temperature and heat transfer for counter flow heat exchanger for one
shell, two tube
Parallel Flow,

Single shell, Single tube

Inlet Qmax air Qout air Outlet Outlet Qout water,

temperature (W) (W) temperature temperature (W)
air, (C) air,(C) water,(C)
20 18450 12546.0 9.81 8.50 12546.00
21 19680 13382.4 10.13 8.80 13382.40
22 20910 14218.8 10.45 9.10 14218.80
23 22140 15055.2 10.77 9.40 15055.20
24 23370 15891.6 11.09 9.70 15891.60
25 24600 16728.0 11.41 10.00 16728.00
26 25830 17564.4 11.73 10.30 17564.40
27 27060 18400.8 12.05 11.60 18400.80
28 28290 19237.2 12.37 11.90 19237.20
29 29520 20073.6 12.69 12.20 20073.60
30 30750 20910.0 13.02 12.50 20910.00
Table 4: Table of temperature and heat transfer for parallel flow heat exchanger for one shell,
single tube.

Graph of Air Discharge Temperature vs Air Inlet Temperature

14.0

12.0

10.0
Discharge Temperature, C

8.0
Counter flow
Parallel flow
6.0

4.0

2.0

0.0
18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32
Inlet Temperature, C

Figure 3: Graph of Air Discharge Temperature vs Air Inlet Temperature