CASI, Kristine khei

AB AVIATION TOURISM 3-4

WRITTEN REPORT

FACILITIES REQUIRED AT PASSENGER TERMINAL

The airport terminal acts as the transfer point between the landside and airside portions of the
mixed-mode air trip made by the air passenger. The level at which the terminal functions is
crucial in the passengers evaluation of the level of service (LOS) provided by air travel, and it is
in the interest of both the airport operator and the airline to have the terminal designed to
permit a high LOS for passengers and visitors, the airlines, and the airport operator (1). The
facilities can be categorized as follows: access (including the landside interface), passenger
processing areas, passenger holding areas, internal circulation and airside interface, and airline
and support areas.

Access and Landside Interface

Within the passenger terminal area, access facilities should ease the transfer of passenger flows
from the available access modes to, from, and through the terminal itself, and vice versa. These
facilities include curbside loading and unloading, curbside baggage check-in where this is
permitted, shuttle services to parking lots and other terminals, and loading and unloading areas
for cars, buses, taxis, limousines, and rapid surface modes (2).

Processing

Areas are designated for the formalities associated with processing passengers. The usual
facilities include airline ticketing and passenger check-in, baggage check-in and seat selection,
gate check-in where desirable, incoming and outgoing customs, immigration control, health
control, security check areas, and baggage claim. Since 2007, very significant advances have
been made with respect to passenger ticketing and check-in. By 2010 more than 95% of all
passengers were in possession of the equivalent of e-tickets purchased on-line. A very large and
increasing proportion 416 Passenger Terminal of passengers already have boarding cards and
seat assignments and at many larger airports automatic bag labeling and bag drop facilities are
available for passengers with hold luggage.

Holding Areas

A very large portion of the passengers time at the airport is spent outside the individual
processing areas (see Section 10.8). Of nonprocessing time, the largest portion is spent in
holding areas where passengers wait, in some cases with airport visitors, between periods
occupied by passing through the various processing facilities. It is in these holding areas that
significant portions of airport revenue are generated. Consideration of revenue generation
(Section 10.9) and concern for the LOS supplied by these necessary facilities warrant careful
design of holding areas. The following are among the facilities that may be required:

(a) Passenger Lounges. General, departure, and gate lounges. At international facilities, transit
passenger lounges may be necessary.

(b) Passenger Service Areas. Wash rooms, public telephone and Internet access, nurseries, post
office, information, first aid, shoeshine, valet service, storage, barber shop, beauty parlor.

(c) Concessions. Bar, restaurants, newsstands, novelties, tax and duty-free shops, hotel
reservations, banks and currency exchange, insurance, car rental, amusement areas, automatic
dispensing machines. (d) Observation Decks and Visitors Lobbies. Including very important and
commercially important (VIP and CIP) facilities.

Internal Circulation and Airside Interface

Passengers move physically through the terminal system using the internal circulation system,
which should be simple to find and follow and also easy to negotiate. The airside interface is
designed for secure and easy boarding of the aircraft. Internal circulation is handled by
corridors, walkways, people movers, moving belts, ramps, and tramways. Airside interface
requirements include loading facilities such as jetways, stairs, air bridges, and mobile lounges.

Airline and Support Activities

Although airline terminals are designed primarily for airline passengers, most of whom will be
quite unfamiliar with their surroundings, the design must also cater to the needs of airline,
airport, and support personnel working in the terminal area. Frequently, the following facilities
must be provided (35):

1. Airline offices, passenger and baggage processing stations, telecommunications, flight

planning documentation, crew rest facilities, airline station administration, staff and crew
toilets, rest and refreshment areas

2. Storage for wheelchairs, pushcarts, and so forth

3. Airport management offices, offices for security staff, and offices for other terminal service
functions 10.4 Passenger and Baggage Flow 417

4. Governmental office and support areas for staff working in customs, immigration, police,
health, and air traffic control; bonded storage and personal detention facilities
5. Public address systems, signs, indicators, flight information

6. Offices and support areas for maintenance staff, maintenance equipment, storage