Unit 1

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English has 26 letters: 21 consonants and five vowels, Use a or an for singular only.
A, E, I, O and U. Memorize the letters in the five sound a + consonant sounds
groups in the chart. Be careful with O and R. a book, a student, a teacher
an + vowel sounds

an airport, an elephant, an ID card

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Use the for singular and plural.
Singular: the President, the Cure World of English
Plural: the Beatles, The Simpsons
Word stress is very important for good pronunciation.
In , pink letters indicate stress.

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In phone numbers: Its not difficult to understand
0 (zero) = oh
the two blogs in A because
66 = double 6 many English words are
007 = double oh seven international, or of Latin origin.
In first and last names:
LL = double L

In acronyms:
BBC = B-B-C

Not double B-C.

Unit 2
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In English, objects dont have gender. Use: In English, adjectives go Numbers 13-19 all end
before nouns and have with -teen. People from
he for a man, only one form (no plural). 13 to 19 are teenagers.
an American woman
she for a woman, two digital cameras

the Olympic Games

it for a thing.

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Use CAPITAL LETTERS for nationalities and languages. Use a hyphen in numbers from 21 to 99:
In the Americas, 35 nationalities end in -an, -ian or -ean. twenty-one, thirty-two, forty-three.

For example, Costa Rican, Peruvian, Chilean; Say years as two numbers:
-ish and -ese are common suffixes too. For example, 1998 = nineteen ninety-eight;
Spanish, Portuguese, Japanese. 2018 = twenty eighteen.
To talk about age use be + age + years old (optional):
Im seventeen (years old).
Unit 3
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The usual question for occupations is:
What do you do? What does he / she do?
To answer, use verb be + a / an:
Im a student. / Hes a dentist.
Be careful with adjectives: Hes unemployed.
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Apart from verb be, English verbs have only two
present simple forms.
I, you, we, they + verb. We live here. I have a bike.
he, she, it + verb + s. He lives there. She has a car.
Make your teacher happy! Dont forget the s!
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In conversation, be positive to show you are interested.
Oh, I see.
Really?
Nice!
Unit 4
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To form the plural of two-word nouns,
add one s on the second word.
E.g., video games, soccer players.
The plural of This is = These are.
Be careful with /I/ and /i:/.
/ I / This is a lipstick. Its pink.
/i:/ These are keys. Three green keys.
The s in this is pronounced /s/.
The s in these is pronounced /z/.
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Listening isnt easyin any language!
Here are three listening tips:
1B efore you listen, imagine the context, and the words or
phrases people use in that situation.
2 Know your objective: What exactly do I need to understand?
3D ont expect to understand or mentally translate every word.
It isnt necessary.
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Song lines can help you learn grammar.
For example, notice the use of do
for questions and dont for negative
sentences in:
Do you really want to hurt me? Do you
really want to make me cry?
Cause boys dont cry. Boys dont cry.
Cool! Another soda?
Wow! Heres my number.
All right. Great talking to you. Bye!
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Certain plurals have special
spelling and pronunciation:
Words ending in consonant
+ -y change -y to -ies.
one candy, two candies
Words ending in -sh, -ch,
-s, -z or -x, add -es.
one watch, two watches;
one box, two boxes
Pronounce -es as an extra
syllable /Iz/.
Unit 5

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Be careful with silent letters!
Silent e: vegetables,
orange juice, cheese
Silent i: fruit, juice
The words with pink letters in the
nutrition tip are of Latin origin. So,
the meaning and spelling are probably
similar in your language. But be
careful with pronunciation! Remember
the stress is on the pink letters.
Six days have two syllables, but
Saturday has three. Stress the
first syllable in all of them.
Sunday Friday Saturday

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S has many functions. It signals: Remember words and expressions with their
plurals; opposites or associations. For example:
he / she / it verb forms in the For here? To go? always never

Present; Yes, please. No, thanks. eat drink

contractions of is. large small cream sugar

And it also indicates possession. with without coffee milk

Marilyn Monroes movies.