ID : ww-10-Olympiad [1]

Grade 10
Olympiad
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Answer t he quest ions

(1) T here are two numbers. If f our times the larger of two numbers is divided by the smaller one, we
get 6 as quotient and 4 as remainder. If f ive times the smaller of two numbers is divided by the
larger one, we get 3 as quotient and 6 as remainder. Find the numbers.
(2) Faces of a cube are marked with A,B,C,D,E and F. If two views of cube are as shown below,
what will be there on the bottom when F is at the top?

(3) In this diagram, the triangle represents men, the square represents engineers and the circle
represents employed. Find the number of men who are engineers and employed.

(4) T rains A and B leave station at the same time. T rain A travels in South direction and train B
travels in West direction. T rain A is 2 km/hour slower than train B. Af ter 5 hours, trains are 290
km apart. Find the speed of both trains.
(5) Simplif y

(6) T he sum of the 9th element and the 17 th element of an arithmetic progression is -204. T he sum

of the 13th and the 21st element is -276. What is the value of the 25th term?

Choose correct answer(s) f rom given choice

(7) Find the next term of given sequence ..

17, 58, 185, 568, 1721, 5182, ....
a. 15569 b. 46707
c. 171259 d. 15573

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 ID : ww-10-Olympiad [2]
(8) Solve quadratic equation x2 + 5 x - (a2 + 3a - 4) = 0 using f actorization.
a. x = -(a + 4) ,or x = a - 1 b. x = -(a + 4) ,or x = -(a - 1)
c. x = (a + 4) ,or x = a - 1 d. x = (a - 4) ,or x = a + 1

(9) Donald selects 3 numbers randomly f rom the f ollowing set of 5 numbers
5, 9, 6, 7 and 8.
b
He puts them in the f orm of a proper f raction of the type a .
c
18
What is the probability that you will get a f raction greater than 6 ?
19

12 12
a. b.
30 36

24 18
c. d.
36 30

(10) For which value of m, f ollowing pair of linear equations have inf initely many solutions.
m x + 16 y = m
4x+my=m- 4
a. -8 b. -4
c. 8 d. 4

(11) Find the next term of given sequence ..

12, 43, 74, 105, 136, 167, 198, ....
a. 260 b. 236
c. 222 d. 229

(12) If the 75th element of an arithmetic progression is -502 and the 40th element is -257, then what

is the 6th element?

a. -5 b. -19
c. -26 d. -12

(13) Find the next term of given sequence ..

23, 24, 28, 37, 53, ....
a. 78 b. 85
c. 72 d. 83

(14) 3(sin4 + cos 4) - 2(sin6 + cos 6 ) = ?

a. sin + cos b. sin - cos
c. tan - cot d. 1

(15) What is the sum of all three-digit numbers that are divisible by 13?
a. 37675 b. 37676
c. 37673 d. 37674

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 ID : ww-10-Olympiad [3]
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 ID : ww-10-Olympiad [4]
Answers
(1) 28 and 18

Step 1
Let the larger number be x and smaller number be y
Step 2
We know that Dividend = (Divisor Quotient) + Remainder
T heref ore we can write relationship provided as,
4x = 6y + 4 => 4x - 6y - 4 = 0
5y = 3x + 6 => 3x - 5y + 6 = 0
Step 3
On solving these two equations we get x = 28 and y = 18

(2) A

In the two vies position of f ace E is same. So if we rotate one of the view such that position
of E remains f ixed, we will see that F is opposite to A and D is opposite to C.

(3) 8

Step 1

It is given that in this diagram the triangle represents men, the square represents engineers
and the circle represents employed.
T heref ore, the number of men who are engineers and employed is the one that lies
between the square and the circle.
Step 2
T he number of men that lie between the square and the circle is 8.
Step 3
T hus, the number of men who are engineers and employed is 8.

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 ID : ww-10-Olympiad [5]
(4) 40 km/hour and 42 km/hour

Step 1
Lets assume speed of trains are x and x+2 km/hour
Step 2
Distance covered by trains in 5 hours = 5x and 5(x+2)
Step 3
Since trains are going in perpendicular direction to each other, square of distance between
trains =
(5x)2 + [5(x+2)]2 = 2902
Step 4
Since trains are going in perpendicular direction to each other, square of distance between
trains =
x2 + (x+2)2 = 582
Step 5

2x2 + 4x - 3360 = 0
Step 6

x2 + 2x - 1680 = 0
Step 7
(x - 40) (x + 42) = 0
Step 8
x = 40 or -42. Since x cannot be negative x = 40
Step 9
Hence speeds are 40 and 42 km/hour

(5) 0

Step 1
On adding two f ractions

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

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 ID : ww-10-Olympiad [6]
(6) -210

Step 1

If d is the dif f erence between consecutive terms, the nth term of arithmetic progression is,
T n = T 1 + (n-1) d

Step 2

It is given that sum of the 9th element and the 17 th element is -204
T 9 + T 17 = -204
T 1 + (9-1) d + T 1 + (17-1) d = -204
2T 1 + 24d = -204 ............................(1)

Step 3

It is also given that sum of the 13th element and the 21st element is -276
T 13 + T 21 = -276
T 1 + (13-1) d + T 1 + (21-1) d = -276
2T 1 + 32d = -276 ............................(2)

Step 4
On subtracting Eq. (1) f rom (2)
[2T 1 + 32d] - [2T 1 + 24d] = -276 - -204
(32 - 24) d = -72
(8)d = -72
d = -9
Step 5
On subtracting d in Eq. (1)
2T 1 + 24(-9) = -204
2T 1 = (-204) - (-216)
T 1 = [(-204) - (-216)]/2 = 6

Step 6

T heref ore 25th term,

T 25 = T 1 + (25-1) d
T 25 = 6 + (25-1)(-9)
T 25 = 6 + (-216) = -210

(7) a. 15569

Pattern - Multiply the number by 3 and add successive prime number starting with 7 : 5182 * 3
+ 23 = 15569

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 ID : ww-10-Olympiad [7]
(8) a. x = -(a + 4) ,or x = a - 1

Step 1

x2 + 5 x - (a2 + 3a - 4) = 0
Step 2

x2 + 5 x - (a + 4) (a - 1) = 0
Step 3

x2 + [ (a + 4) - (a - 1) ] x - (a + 4) (a - 1) = 0
Step 4
[ x + (a + 4)] [ x - (a - 1) ] = 0
Step 5
T heref ore x = -(a + 4) ,or x = a - 1

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 ID : ww-10-Olympiad [8]
(9) 18
d.
30

Step 1

b
We need to select 3 numbers out of the 5 given in order to get a f raction of the f orm a
c
We are also told it is a proper f raction, so b should be greater than c
Step 2
Let's put the integers in a sorted manner.
We get 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9
Step 3
Now we need to see how many proper f ractions can be f ormed f rom them
b
A proper f raction of the type a has three integers, a whole number a, a numerator b,
c
and a denominator c
Let's assume we use one of the integers in the list above as the whole number a
We now can select b and c f rom the remaining 4 integers
4x3
We can select 2 integers f rom 4 in 4C2 = = 6 ways
2x1
For any pair we select, one will be greater than the other, and the smaller integer will f orm
the numerator and the larger one the denominator
- Note: that the other way won't work - if the numerator is larger than the denominator it is
not a proper f raction
So f or each of the 5 integers, if we select one as the whole number, we get 6 possible
combinations of numerator and denominator that can f orm a proper f raction
b
T his means there are 5x6 = 30 possible proper f ractions of the f orm a that can be
c
f ormed f rom these 5 integers
Step 4

18
Now we need to f igure out how many of these 30 f ractions are greater than 6
19
In gt, we see that the whole number is 6, the numerator is 18 and the denominator is 19
We see that the numerator 18 is larger than the largest number in the set of numbers given
to us, and the denominator 19 is one larger than 18
18
T he implication of this is that 6 will be larger than any f raction that can be f ormed
19
f rom the set of numbers 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 where the whole number of the f raction is 6
So we only need to count the f ractions that have the whole number greater than 6
T hese are the f ractions that will have the whole numbers as 7, 8 and 9
Step 5
Now, remember there are 30 proper f ractions you can f orm f rom this list of number
From our analysis above, we also saw that f or each number selected as the whole number,
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 ID : ww-10-Olympiad [9]
we can f orm 6 f ractions f rom this list of numbers
Step 6
So using each of the numbers f rom 7, 8 and 9 as the whole number, we can f orm 6 proper
f ractions
T he total number of f ractions that can be f ormed using 7, 8 and 9 as the whole number = 6
x 3 = 18
Step 7

18
Out of the 30 f ractions, 18 will be greater than 6
19

Step 8

18
T he probability is theref ore =
30

(10) c. 8

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 ID : ww-10-Olympiad [10]
(12) b. -19

Step 1

If d is the dif f erence between consecutive terms, the nth term of arithmetic progression is,
T n = T 1 + (n-1) d

Step 2

It is given that 75th element is -502,

T 1 + (75-1) d = -502
T 1 + 74d = -502 ............................ (1)

Step 3

Similarly it is given that 40th element is -257,

T 1 + (40-1) d = -257
T 1 + 39d = -257 ............................ (2)

Step 4
On subtracting equation (1) f rom (2),
74d - 39d = (-502) - (-257)
35d = -245
d = (-245)/(35)
d = -7
Step 5
Replace d by -7 in equation (2)
T 1 + 39(-7) = -257
T 1 = -257 - 39(-7)
T 1 = 16

Step 6

T heref ore 6th term will be, T 6 = T 1 + (6-1) d

T 6 = 16 + (6-1) -7
T 6 = -19

(13) a. 78

Pattern - Every term is increased by (n-1)^2 where n is the position of the term ... 53 + 5*5 =
78

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 ID : ww-10-Olympiad [11]
(14) d. 1

Step 1

= 3 (sin4 + cos 4) - 2 [ (sin2)3 + (cos 2)3 } ]

Step 2

= 3 (sin4 + cos 4) - 2 [ (sin2 + cos 2) {(sin2)2 + (cos 2)2 - sin2 cos 2 } ]

Step 3

Since sin2 + cos 2 = 1

=3 (sin4 + cos 4) - 2 {sin4 + cos 4 - sin2 cos 2 }
Step 4

= sin4 + cos 4 + 2 sin2 cos 2

Step 5

= (sin2 + cos 2)2 = 12 = 1

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 ID : ww-10-Olympiad [12]
(15) d. 37674

Step 1
All numbers which are divisible by 13, f orms an arithmetic progression with dif f erences
between consecutive terms to be 13
Step 2
We know smallest three digit number is 100. On dividing 100 by 13 we get remainder of 9
T heref ore if we if we add remaining (13 - 9 = 4) to 100, resultant number (100 + 4 = 104)
will be f ully divisible by 13
T heref ore f irst number of the arithmetic progression is 104
Step 3
Similarly, largest three digit number is 999. On dividing 999 by 13 we get remainder of 11
T heref ore if we if we subtract 11 f rom 999, resultant number (999 - 11 = 988) will be f ully
divisible by 13
T heref ore last number of the arithmetic progression is 988
Step 4

If there are total N terms in series, Nth term is given by

T N = T 1 + (N-1)d
988 = 104 + (N-1)(13)
13(N - 1) = 988 - 104
13(N - 1) = 884
N - 1 = 884/13
N - 1 = 68
N = 68 + 1
N = 69
Step 5
Now sum of arithmetic progression can be f ound using standard f ormula,
SN = (N/2)[T 1 + (N-1)d]
SN = (69/2)[2104 + (69-1)(13)]
SN = (69/2)[208 + 884]
SN = (69/2)[1092]
SN = 37674

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