Syed Ubaid

Ali BS-Telecom
Reg # 9222
Patch Antenna

What is patch antenna ?

How the patch antenna works?

What are the feeding Techniques for patch

antenna?

What are the advantage and disadvantage of

patch antenna?
 What is Patch Antenna ?
A patch antenna consists of a radiating patch
(metal)on one side of a dielectric substrate and a
ground plane on the other side

Top view side view

L = The length of the patch

W = The width of the patch

h = The height of the dielectric substrate

( εr) = The dielectric constant of the substrate

How a patch antenna
work
When the patch antenna excited in its
fundamental TM10 mode

Electromagnetic energy in and/or out of the

patch. By which fringing field is produce along
the two edges of the patch

These fringing fields cause the patch antenna to

radiate
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Shape of patch antenna
the patch is generally square, rectangular,
circular, triangular, elliptical or some other
common shape as shown below
Feed Techniques
These methods can be classified into two
categories
Ø Contacting
Ø non-contacting

Ø In Contacting RF power is fed directly to

the radiating patch

Ø In non-contacting RF power is not directly

fed to the radiating patch
Feed Techniques
The four most popular feed techniques are

Microstrip feed line contacting

Coaxial feed

Aperture coupling non contacting

Proximity coupling
Advantages and
disadvantages
Advantages
Light weight
low volume
Low fabrication cost
Good efficiency

Disadvantages
Narrow bandwidth
Non omnidirectional patterns
Design a patch antenna
FR 4 substrate Er = 4.4

Height of substrate h = 1.58 mm

Resonate frequency fr = 2.45 GHz

Length of the patch = ?

Width of the patch = ?

Finding Length & Width of
Patch
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• Open Ansoft ● Third level
● Fourth level
• designer ver. 2 ● Fifth level

• Click on project
and
• select

• insert EM planer
design

• Select none
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Click Layout ● Third level
● Fourth level
● Fifth level

• Then select
layers >stackup

• Click Add layer

• Name>ground

• Type>metalized
signal

• Click >ok
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Click Addlayer Second level
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Name >signal

Type>signal

Click >ok

Change
material to FR
4 substrate

With thickness
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project>insert circuit Second level
design ● Third level
● Fourth level
● Fifth level
Then select >none

Click
>schematic>layer>
stackup
And repeat the step as
done in EM planer
design
Now select

circuit>add model
data>add substrate
Select
Circuit >TRL>microstrip>single>
Then select FR 4 then click OK
Zo=82.46
E=90
Frequency=2.45
Click on synthesis

Note down the value of P and W this will be the

length of the transmission line
P=17.2786mm
W=1.13847mm
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now add interface port and ground by click on draw

Now add a resister throw component tab>lumped>resister

on your left side

Make the connection from port to ground throw the

transmission line and 136 ohm resister
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Right click on Analysis>click on add solution
setup

Click next

Select F then click Edit

Select linear count

2 to 3 Ghz 10 count
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Click on Analysis

Right click on

NWA1>then select analysis NWA1

Then select

result>create report >click ok then Add trace

Then click ok
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Now go EM planer design

Then DRAW a rectangle double click on

rectangle
Uncheck the 2 pt description
Then click ok

Again double click on rectangle

Place the value of width and height Which we
have find earlier

W=37.26mm
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Then DRAW a rectangle double click on
rectangle
Uncheck the 2 pt description
Then click ok
Again double click on rectangle
Place the value of width and height
Which we have we find by synthesis

W=1.13847
P=17.2786
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Click edit>select edges
then click on one side of transmission line
Then add a port throw
Excitation>add port

Click on analysis >add solution

Frequency =2.45Ghz
Click ok

Click analysis >setup 1>add sweep frequency

Check on generate current
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Right click on analysis>setup 1>sweep1>analyze

After analyzing

Right click on

Sweep 1 >results>plot templates>S-parameter

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Any Queries and
comment
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