Algebra Quizzes PDF

Algebra
Quizzes
calculusexpert.com
Topic: Associative property
Question: Which of these is the associative property?
Answer choices:
A (a + b) + c = a + (b + c)
B a+b+c =a+c+b
C a+b+c =b+a+c
D a(b + c) = ab + ac
1
Solution: A
(a + b) + c = a + (b + c) Associative property
a + b + c = a + c + b Commutative property
a + b + c = b + a + c Commutative property
a(b + c) = ab + ac Distributive property
2
Topic: Commutative property
Question: Which of these is the commutative property?
Answer choices:
A xm = m x
B a+c =c+a
C (x + 2)(x + 4) = (x + 4)(x + 2)
D All of these
3
Solution: D
If the operation is addition or multiplication, the commutative property says that changing
the order of the values doesnt change the value of the expression.
4
Topic: Transitive property
Question: Use transitive property to solve for the variable.
Find z if
x = 2z + 1
x=y
y = 4z + 2
Answer choices:
1
A z=
2
1
B z=
2
3
C z=
2
3
D z=
2
5
Solution: A
Since weve been told that x = 2z + 1, and that x = y, transitive property tells us that we
can also say
y = 2z + 1
Weve also been told that y = 4z + 2, so we can say
4z + 2 = 2z + 1
4z 2z + 2 = 2z 2z + 1
2z + 2 = 1
2z + 2 2 = 1 2
2z = 1
2z 1
=
2 2
1
z=
2
6
Topic: Distributive property
Question: Which of these represents the distributive property?
Answer choices:
A 3(x + b) = 3x + b
B 3(x + b) = 3x + 3b
C 3(x + b) = 3 + x + b
D 3(x + b) = x + 3b
7
Solution: B
The distributive property tells us to multiply the value outside the parentheses by each of
the terms inside the parentheses.
3(x + b)
3(x) + 3(b)
3x + 3b
8
Question: Use the distributive property to expand the expression.
1
(4x + 4)
2
Answer choices:
A 2x + 2
B 4x + 4
C 2x
D 2+x
9
Solution: A
1
(4x + 4)
2
1 1
(4x) + (4)
2 2
2x + 2
10
2x y 2 (x y + m x + b)
Answer choices:
A xy + mx + b
B 2x y 2 + 2my 2 + 2b
C x 2y 3 + 2x y 2m + b
D 2x 2y 3 + 2m x 2y 2 + 2bx y 2
11
Solution: D
2x y 2 (x y + m x + b)
2x y 2 (x y) + 2x y 2 (m x) + 2x y 2 (b)
2x 2y 3 + 2x 2y 2m + 2x y 2b
Its customary to write the variables in alphabetical order, so well rearrange them to get
our final answer.
2x 2y 3 + 2m x 2y 2 + 2bx y 2
12
Topic: Distributive property, binomial multiplication
3(x + 2)(x + 6)
Answer choices:
A x 2 + 12x + 12
B 3x 2 + 8x + 36
C 3x 2 + 24x + 36
D x 2 + 8x + 4
13
Solution: C
the terms inside the parentheses. Well start by distributing the 3 across the x + 2.
3(x + 2)(x + 6)
[3(x) + 3(2)](x + 6)
[3x + 6](x + 6)
Now well distribute both of the terms in the brackets across both of the terms in the
parentheses.
3x(x + 6) + 6(x + 6)
3x(x) + 3x(6) + 6(x) + 6(6)
3x 2 + 18x + 6x + 36
3x 2 + 24x + 36
14
Topic: Identifying multiplication
Question: Which of these is multiplication?
Answer choices:
A 32=6
B 32=6
C (3)(2) = 6
D All of these
15
Solution: D
All of the answer choices represent multiplication.
16
Topic: Symbols of inclusion
Question: Simplify the expression.
[(5 4)3 + 2(6 4)] + 2
Answer choices:
A 10
B 8
C 20
D 9
17
Solution: D
PEMDAS and order of operations tells us that we have to do
P Parentheses
[(5 4)3 + 2(6 4)] + 2
[(1)3 + 2(2)] + 2
[3 + 4] + 2
7+2
E Exponents
M Multiplication
D Division
A Addition
S Subtraction
18
Topic: PEMDAS and order of operations
Question: Use order of operations to simplify the expression.
5 + 3 4 6 + (2 4) 32
Answer choices:
A 10
B 11
C 10
D 5
19
Solution: A
P Parentheses
5 + 3 4 6 + (2 4) 32
5 + 3 4 6 + (2) 32
E Exponents
5 + 3 4 6 + (2) 9
M Multiplication
5 + 12 6 2 9
D Division
A Addition
7629
S Subtraction
129
1 9
10
20
Topic: PEMDAS, order of operations
3 + 2(x + 1)
Answer choices:
A 6 + 2x
B 3 + 2x
C 5 + 2x
D x+2
21
Solution: C
P Parentheses
3 + 2(x + 1)
E Exponents
M Multiplication
3 + 2(x) + 2(1)
3 + 2x + 2
D Division
A Addition
5 + 2x
S Subtraction
22
Topic: PEMDAS, order of operations
2 + 3 10 2 [(5 4) + 2]
2
Answer choices:
59
A
2
59
B
2
2
C
59
2
D
59
23
Solution: A
Order of operations tells us that we have to do the parentheses first, so we start with
inner-most symbols of inclusion.
2 + 3 10 2 [(5 4) + 2]
2
2 + 3 10 2 [(1) + 2]
2
2 + 3 10 2 [3]
2
Since there are no exponents, well do multiplication next.
2 + 3 20 [3]
2
2 + 3 60
2
When were dealing with fractions, we must do all of the operations in the numerator and
all of the operations in the denominator, and our very last step is to divide the resulting
numerator by the resulting denominator. Therefore, well do the addition and subtraction in
the numerator next.
3 62
2
59
2
59

2
24
Topic: Understood 1
Question: Choose an equal value.
Answer choices:
A x0
1x 1
B
1
C xx
D 1
25
Solution: B
Answer choice A simplifies to
x0
which is not equal to x. Answer choice C simplifies to
xx
x2
which is not equal to x. Answer choice D is 1, which is not equal to x. The only answer
choice thats equal to x is answer choice B.
1x 1
x=
1
1x
x=
1
x
x=
1
x=x
26
Topic: Like terms, addition and subtraction
4x + 2x + 8x 4x
Answer choices:
A 8x
B 4x
C 2x
D 10x
27
Solution: D
For addition and subtraction, like terms are terms whose bases and exponents are the
same. In other words, you can add 2x 2 and 3x 2, because they both have base x and an
exponent of 2, but you cant add 2x 3 and 3x 4 because, while they have the same base x,
they have dierent exponents. Each term in the given expression has base x and an
exponent of 1, so we can add all of the together.
4x + 2x + 8x 4x
2x + 8x
10x
28
x + x + 3x + 4x + x
Answer choices:
A 8x
B 7x + x 3
C 10x
D 9x
29
Solution: C
We can rewrite the expression as
x + x + 3x + 4x + x
1x + 1x + 3x + 4x + 1x
(1 + 1 + 3 + 4 + 1)x
(10)x
10x
30
2x + 7x + 4x 2 + 6x 2 + 10x
Answer choices:
A 10x + 9x 2
B 19x + 10x 2
C 19x + 10x 2
D 19x 10x 2
31
Solution: B
they have dierent exponents. So well group the terms together in this expression that
have a matching base and matching exponent.
2x + 7x + 4x 2 + 6x 2 + 10x
(2x + 7x + 10x) + (4x 2 + 6x 2)
Then well do the addition.
(19x) + (10x 2)
19x + 10x 2
32
(3x + 2x x + 4) (x 7x 5)
3 2 2
Answer choices:
A x
B 3x 3 + x 2 + 6x + 9
C 4x 3 + 6x 2 + x + 20
D 3x 3 x 2 5x 1
33
Solution: B
they have dierent exponents. So well group the terms together in this expression that
have a matching base and matching exponent. But first, well distribute the negative sign.
(3x + 2x x + 4) (x 7x 5)
3 2 2
3x 3 + 2x 2 x + 4 x 2 + 7x + 5
3x 3 + (2x 2 x 2) + (x + 7x) + (4 + 5)
Then well do the addition.
3x 3 + (x 2) + (6x) + (9)
3x 3 + x 2 + 6x + 9
34
x y + yx 4x y + x
Answer choices:
A 2x y + x
B 6x y + x
C x4 + y2
D 2x 3y 3 + x
35
Solution: A
x y + yx 4x y + x
x y + x y 4x y + x
1x y + 1x y 4x y + x
(1 + 1 4)x y + x
(2)x y + x
2x y + x
36
Topic: Like terms, multiplication and division
x (x + x + m + b)
x
Answer choices:
A 2x + m + b
B x 2 + m x + bx
C x 3 + m x 2 + bx 2
D 1
37
Solution: A
We could expand the numerator, but we need to realize before we do that we can cancel
the x at the front of the numerator with the x in the denominator.
x (x + x + m + b)
x
(x + x + m + b)
x+x+m+b
Now we just add like terms together.
1x + 1x + m + b
2x + m + b
38
Topic: Like terms, multiplication and division
(4x 2) (x 2 + x + 4)
2
Answer choices:
A 2x
B 0
3x 2 + 4x 2 + 16
C
x
D 2x 3 + x 2 + 7x 4
39
Solution: D
First, well expand the numerator.
(4x 2) (x 2 + x + 4)
2
4x 3 + 4x 2 + 16x 2x 2 2x 8
2
Next well combine like-terms in the numerator. Remember, when we add or subtract
terms, like-terms are only those with the same base and the same exponent.
4x 3 + 4x 2 2x 2 + 16x 2x 8
2
4x 3 + 2x 2 + 14x 8
2
Since all of the terms in the numerator are even, well be able to divide through every term
in the numerator and denominator by 2.
4 2 14 8
2
x3 + 2 x2 + 2
x 2
2
2
2x 3 + 1x 2 + 7x 4
1
2x 3 + x 2 + 7x 4
40
Topic: Reducing fractions and cancellation
Question: Reduce the fraction to its lowest terms.
5ab + 25a 2b 2
5ab
Answer choices:
A 2 + 10a 2b 2
B 1 + 5ab
C 5ab
D 1 + 5a 2b 2
41
Solution: B
First well look at the coecients. We can factor a 5 out of each term and then cancel it.
5ab + 25a 2b 2
5ab
5 (ab + 5a 2b 2)
5(ab)
ab + 5a 2b 2
ab
Next, well factor an a out of each term and cancel it.
a (b + 5ab 2)
a(b)
b + 5ab 2
b
Finally, well factor a b out of each term and cancel it.
b (1 + 5ab)
b(1)
1 + 5ab
1
1 + 5ab
For the sake of illustration, we factored out each part separately, but you could just have
easily factored out the entire 5ab and cancelled it all at once.
42
Topic: Fractions, addition and subtraction
x a m
+ 2 4
4y yz 4z
Answer choices:
xz 4 + 4az 2 my
A
4yz 4
4yz 4
B
xz 4 + 4az 2 my
xz 4 4az 2 + my
C
4yz 4
4yz 4
D
xz 4 4az 2 + my
43
Solution: A
We need to combine the three fractions in the expression into one fraction, which well do
by finding a common denominator.
The lowest common denominator will be the least common multiple of the three
denominators in
x a m
+ 2 4
4y yz 4z
If we list the factors of each denominator, we get
Coecients ys zs
4y: 4 y
yz 2: y z2
4z 4: 4 z4
In order to generate the least common multiple, we have to take the largest value from
each column of factors. The largest factor from the coecients column is 4; the largest
factor from the ys column is y; the largest factor from the zs column is z 4. Therefore, the
least common multiple is
4yz 4
Now we need to multiply the numerator and denominator of each fraction by whatever
value is required to make the denominator of the fraction 4yz 4.
4y ( z 4 ) yz 2 ( 4z 2 ) 4z 4 ( y )
x z4 a 4z 2 m y
+
xz 4 4az 2 my
+
4yz 4 4yz 4 4yz 4
44
xz 4 + 4az 2 my
4yz 4
45
Topic: Fractions, addition and subtraction
m a z
+ +
cx 2 2c 2cx
Answer choices:
m + a + xz
A
c
c
B
m + a + xz
2m + a x 2 + xz
C
2cx 2
2cx 2
D
2m + a x 2 + xz
46
Solution: C
We need to combine the three fractions in the expression into one fraction, which well do
by finding a common denominator.
The lowest common denominator will be the least common multiple of the three
denominators in
m a z
+ +
cx 2 2c 2cx
If we list the factors of each denominator, we get
Coecients cs xs
cx 2: c x2
2c: 2 c
2cx: 2 c x
each column of factors. The largest factor from the coecients column is 2; the largest
factor from the cs column is c; the largest factor from the xs column is x 2. Therefore, the
least common multiple is
2cx 2
Now we need to multiply the numerator and denominator of each fraction by whatever
value is required to make the denominator of the fraction 2cx 2.
cx 2 ( 2 ) 2c ( x 2 ) 2cx ( x )
m 2 a x2 z x
+ +
2m a x2 xz
+ +
2cx 2 2cx 2 2cx 2
2m + a x 2 + xz
2cx 2
47
Topic: Complex fractions
1
2
1
3
Answer choices:
2
A
3
3
B
2
1
C
5
2
D
6
48
Solution: B
Instead of dividing by the fraction in the denominator, we can multiply by its reciprocal.
1
2
1
3
1 3

2 1
13
21
3
2
49

x
m
d
Answer choices:
dx
A
m
x
B
dm
md
C
x
m
D
dx
50
Solution: B
We have to rewrite the given fraction.

x
m
d
x
m
d
1
Now that we have a fraction divided by another fraction, instead of dividing by the fraction
in the denominator, we can multiply by its reciprocal.
x 1

m d
1x
dm
x
dm
51

x
a+b
m
a+b
Answer choices:
a
A
b
m
B
x
C x
x
D
m
52
Solution: D
Instead of dividing by the fraction in the denominator, we can multiply by its reciprocal.
x
a+b
m
a+b
x a+b

a+b m
x(a + b)
m(a + b)
x
m
53
Topic: Complex fractions, ratio and proportion
Question: Solve for the variable.
1 1
2 4
=
x 1
5
Answer choices:
1
A
8
1
B
10
2
C
5
1
D
20
54
Solution: C
Well cross multiply.
1 1
2 4
=
x 1
5
1 1 1
= x
2 5 4
Now we can simplify by multiplying the fractions together.
11 x
=
25 4
1 x
=
10 4
4
=x
10
2
x=
5
55
Topic: Rational expressions, division
x 2 + x 20 x 2 6x + 8
2
x 8x + 15 x 7x + 10
2
Answer choices:
x+3
A
x5
x5
B
x+3
x3
C
x+5
x+5
D
x3
56
Solution: D
Whenever we have a fraction division problem, we want to turn it into a multiplication

problem. Instead of dividing by the second fraction, we can multiply by its reciprocal.
x 2 + x 20 x 2 6x + 8

x 2 8x + 15 x 2 7x + 10
x 2 + x 20 x 2 7x + 10
2
x 2 8x + 15 x 6x + 8
Before we multiply, we should try to factor both fractions to see if we can cancel anything.
(x + 5)(x 4) (x 5)(x 2)

(x 5)(x 3) (x 4)(x 2)
We can cancel a factor of x 2 from the numerator and denominator of the second
fraction.
(x + 5)(x 4) x 5

(x 5)(x 3) x 4
Because our fractions are multiplied together, we can also cross cancel a factor of x 4
and a factor of x 5.
x+5 x5

(x 5)(x 3) 1
x+5 1

x3 1
x+5
x3
57
Topic: Negative exponents
32
Answer choices:
A 6
B 9
1
C
9
1
D
9
58
Solution: D
First, we need to realize that the expression
32
is the same as
32
1
Well change the exponent from 2 to 2 by moving the entire value from the numerator to
the denominator.
1
32
1
9
59
32
Answer choices:
1
A
9
1
B
9
C 9
D 9
60
Solution: A
First, we need to realize that the expression
32
is the same as
32
1
Well change the exponent from 2 to 2 by moving the entire value from the numerator to
the denominator.
1
32
We have to apply the exponent before we apply the negative sign, so the expression
becomes
1
9
1

9
61
( a c 2 )
b 3c 2 2bc 2 a 2b 3

a 2
Answer choices:
A 2b 4
B 2b 4 c
C 2ab 4c 2
D 2ab 4 1
62
Solution: D
First, well deal with the negative exponents.
Remember that
1 1
x a = and xa =
xa x a
Therefore,
a 2 ( a c 2 )
b 3c 2 2bc 2 a 2b 3

c2 ( a a b )
a 2b 3 2bc 2 c2
2 3
Next, well find a common denominator among the fractions inside the parentheses by
finding the least common multiple of their denominators. We can list the factors in each
denominator as
as bs
a: a
a 2b 3: a 2 b3
each column of factors. The largest factor from the as column is a 2; the largest factor from
the bs column is b 3. Therefore, the least common multiple is
a 2b 3
Now we need to multiply the numerator and denominator of both fractions by whatever
value is required to make the denominator of those fractions a 2b 3.
63
a ( ab ) a b
a 2b 3 2bc 2 ab 3 c2
2 3
c2 3
c ( a b a b )
a 2b 3 2ab 4c 2 c2
2 2 3
2 3
c2 ( )
a 2b 3 2ab 4c 2 c 2
a 2b 3
Now well just multiply the fractions together.
a 2b 3 (2ab 4c 2 c 2)
c 2 (a 2b 3)
Well use the distributive property to simplify the numerator and get
2a 3b 7c 2 a 2b 3c 2
a 2 b 3c 2
Now well reduce the fraction to its lowest terms.
2ab 7c 2 b 3c 2
b 3c 2
2ab 4c 2 c 2
c2
2ab 4 1
1
2ab 4 1
64
Topic: Fractional exponents
Question: Choose the equivalent expression.
2
3 3
Answer choices:
1
A
32
1
B
9
3
2
C 3 3
1
D 93
65
Solution: B
First, well deal with the negative exponent.
Remember that
1 1
x a = and xa =
xa x a
Therefore,
2
3 3
1
2
33
In the fractional exponent, 2 is the power and 3 is the root, which means we can rewrite
the expression as
1
3
32
1
9
3
66
(3)
1 2
Answer choices:
3
A
9
3
B
3
1
C
9
1
D
3
67
Solution: A
We can rewrite the expression by breaking up the exponent.

3
(3)
1 2
[( 3 ) ]
3 2
1
(3 3 3)
1 1 1 2

Raising a value to the power 1/2 is the same as taking the square root of that value, so we
get
1 1 1

3 3 3
1
27
1
27
1
93
1
9 3
1
3 3
We need to rationalize the denominator.
68
1 3

3 3 3
3
33
3
9
69
Question: Simplify the radical expression.
3
6 6
Answer choices:
A 63
2
B 63
C 6
3 1
D 64
70
Solution: C
1
We need to remember that x = x 2 and then rewrite the radical as
3
6 6
3 1
6 62
3 1
61 6 2
Since x a x b = x a+b, we can add the exponents and get
3 1
61+ 2
3 3
62
1
x = x 3 , we can change the expression to
3
Since
(6 )
3 3
2
Power rule for exponents tells us to multiply the exponents.

3 1
623
1
62
71
Question: Simplify the radical expression.
5
2 3 16 2
Answer choices:
36
A 2 18
35
B 2 18
12
C 25
11
D 25
72
Solution: C
5
2 3 16 2
1
2 16(2) 5
3
2 [16(2) ]
1 3
5
Well use power rule for exponents to distribute the 1/3.
2 [16 3 (2) 5 3 ]
1 1 1
2 (16 3 2 15 )
1 1
[ ]
1
2 (2 ) 2 15
1
4 3
2 (2 3 2 15 )
4 1
4 1
21 2 3 2 15
Now that all of the bases are the same, we can add the exponents, but in order to add the
fractional exponents, well have to find a common denominator between them.
15 4 5 1
21 15 2 3 5 2 15
15 20 1
2 15 2 15 2 15
15 20 1
2 15 + 15 + 15
36
2 15
12
25
73
Topic: Rationalize the denominator, conjugate method
3 6
62
Answer choices:
6
A
2
B 3
6
C
2
6
D
2
74
Solution: D
We want to use conjugate method to get the radical out of the denominator. Remember
that the conjugate of two terms is just the same two terms with the opposite sign in
between the terms. So the conjugate of 6 2 is 6 + 2. This is the value we need to
multiply by both the numerator and denominator.
3 6
62
3 6 6+2

62 6+2
Now this becomes a binomial multiplication problem. We need to make sure to multiply
our first terms, outer terms, inner terms, and last terms.
(3 6 ) ( 6 + 2)
( 6 2) ( 6 + 2)
3 6+662 6
6+2 62 64
3 62 6
64
6
2
75
Topic: Rationalize the denominator, conjugate method
2 3
31
Answer choices:
31
A
2
3+1
B
2
3+1
C
2
3+1
D
2
76
Solution: A
We want to use conjugate method to get the radical out of the denominator. Remember
that the conjugate of two terms is just the same two terms with the opposite sign in
between the terms. So the conjugate of 3 1 is 3 + 1. This is the value we need to
multiply by both the numerator and denominator.
2 3
31
2 3 3+1

31 3+1
Now this becomes a binomial multiplication problem. We need to make sure to multiply
our first terms, outer terms, inner terms, and last terms.
(2 3 ) ( 3 + 1)
( 3 1) ( 3 + 1)
2 3+23 3
3+ 3 31
2 31 3
31
31
2
77
Topic: Imaginary numbers
Question: Simplify the imaginary expression.
3ii 2i + 8i 3
Answer choices:
A 3 10i
B 3 10i
C 3 + 10i
D 3 + 10i
78
Solution: A
Remember that
i= 1 and i2 = 1
We can rewrite the given imaginary expression as
3ii 2i + 8i 3
8i 3 + 3i 2 2i
8i 2i + 3i 2 2i
Plugging in for i 2, we get
8(1)i + 3(1) 2i
8i 3 2i
3 10i
It doesnt simplify the expression to plug in for i, which is why we only plugged in for i 2.
79
Topic: Imaginary numbers
Question: Simplify the imaginary expression.
16 + 4i 3 + 3i 9 9 + 3 4
Answer choices:
A 8i
B 9i
C 8i
D 9i
80
Solution: A
Remember that
i= 1 and i2 = 1
We can rewrite the given imaginary expression as
16 + 4i 3 + 3i 9 9 + 3 4
16(1) + 4i 2i + 3i 9(1) 9 + 3 4(1)
16 1 + 4i 2i + 3i 9 1 9 + 3 4 1
4i + 4i 2i + 3i 9i + 3(2)i
4i + 4i 2i + 3i 9i + 6i
4i + 4i 2i
4i + 4(1)i
4i 4i
8i
81
Topic: Imaginary numbers, conjugate method
Question: Use conjugate method to simplify the imaginary expression.
3 3 2i 3
i+3
Answer choices:
7 9
A + i
10 10
7 9
B + i
10 10
7 9
C i
10 10
7 9
D i
10 10
82
Solution: B
Remember that
i= 1 and i2 = 1
First, well rewrite the expression as
3 3 2i 3
i+3
3 2i 3
i+3
We can use conjugate method to get the imaginary number out of the denominator.
3 2i 3 i 3

i+3 i3
(3 2i ) (i 3)
3
(i + 3) (i 3)
Now that we have a binomial multiplication problem, we need to make sure that we
multiply the first terms, outer terms, inner terms and last terms.
3i + 9 2i 4 + 6i 3
i 2 3i + 3i 9
3i + 9 2i 4 + 6i 3
i2 9
3i + 9 2i 2i 2 + 6i 2i
i2 9
3i + 9 2(1)(1) + 6(1)i
(1) 9
83
3i + 9 2 6i
10
9i + 7
10
7 9i
10
7 9i

10 10
7 9i
+
10 10
7 9
+ i
10 10
84
Topic: Imaginary numbers, conjugate method
Question: Use conjugate method to simplify the imaginary expression.
3i i 2
2i 2 i 3
Answer choices:
1 7
A i
5 5
2 10
B i
3 3
2 10
C i
3 3
D 10 + 3i
85
Solution: A
Remember that
i= 1 and i2 = 1
First, well rewrite the expression as
3i i 2
2i 2 i 3
3i i 2
2i 2 i 2i
3i (1)
2(1) (1)i
3i + 1
2 + i
Now we can use conjugate method to get the imaginary number out of the denominator.
3i + 1 2 i

2 + i 2 i
(3i + 1) (2 i)
(2 + i) (2 i)
Now that we have a binomial multiplication problem, we need to make sure that we
multiply the first terms, outer terms, inner terms and last terms.
6i 3i 2 2 i
4 + 2i 2i i 2
3i 2 7i 2
4 i2
86
3(1) 7i 2
4 (1)
3 7i 2
4+1
1 7i
5
1 7i

5 5
1 7
i
5 5
87
Topic: Evaluating expressions
Question: Use the given values to solve for the unknown value.
a + b = c with a = 3 and b = 6
Answer choices:
A 3
B 2
C 6
D 1
88
Solution: A
Weve been given the values of a and b, but the value of c is unknown. Well plug the
known values of a and b into the given equation, and then solve for c.
a+b =c
3 + (6) = c
36=c
3 = c
89
Question: Use the given values to evaluate the expression.
x y + y 2 + x yz with x = 1 and y = 2 and z = 3
Answer choices:
A 2
B 8
C 3
D 1
90
Solution: B
Weve been given the values of x, y and z, so well just plug them into the expression to
find its value.
x y + y 2 + x yz
(1)(2) + (2)2 + (1)(2)(3)
2 + 4 + 6
91
Question: Use the given values to evaluate the expression.
ab 2 b(a b) + a with a = 2 and b = 3
Answer choices:
A 4
B 5
C 3
D 5
92
Solution: D
Weve been given the values of a and b, so well just plug them into the expression to find
its value.
ab 2 b(a b) + a
(2)(3)2 (3)[(2) (3)] + (2)
(2)(9) (3)(5) + (2)
18 + 15 2
93
Topic: Balancing
Question: Solve for the variable by keeping the equation balanced.
(6c 5) = 4(7c 8) + 3
Answer choices:
A 1
B 2
C 1
D 54
94
Solution: A
First, well use the distribute property to distribute the values in front of the parentheses
across the values inside the parentheses.
(6c 5) = 4(7c 8) + 3
6c + 5 = 28c 32 + 3
6c + 5 = 28c 29
Well collect like terms, making sure that we keep the equation balanced by doing the
same operations to both sides of the equation.
6c 28c + 5 = 28c 28c 29
34c + 5 = 29
34c + 5 5 = 29 5
34c = 34
34c 34
=
34 34
c=1
95
Topic: Inverse operations
Question: Which of these are inverse operations?
Answer choices:
A 3 2 = 6 and 23=6
B 3 + 2 = 5 and 5+3=8
C 1 + 3 = 4 and 4+3=7
D 1 + 3 = 4 and 43=1
96
Solution: D
Addition and subtraction are inverse operations of each other, and multiplication and
division are inverse operations of each other. The only two equations that show addition
and subtraction, or multiplication and division, are the equations in answer choice D.
Inverse operations always let you get back to your starting point. In other words, the first
equation in answer choice D starts at 1, we add in 3, and we get to 4. In the second
equation, we start at the result of the first equation, 4, subtract 3 back out, and we get
back to our starting point 1. This proves that addition and subtraction are inverse
operations.
97
Topic: Simple equations
x + 5 = 10
Answer choices:
A x=5
B x = 10
C x = 15
D x = 20
98
Solution: A
We need to get x by itself on the left-hand side. In order to do that, well subtract 5 from
both sides in order to move the 5 over to the right side. Remember, in order to keep the
equation balanced, everything we do to one side of the equation must also be done to the
other side.
x + 5 5 = 10 5
x+0=5
0 is the identity number for addition and subtraction, which means that you can add 0 to
anything or subtract 0 from anything, and you dont change the value (the identity) of the
original thing. Which means that x + 0 is just x, because adding 0 to x doesnt change its
identity.
x=5
99
4x + 2 = 10
Answer choices:
A x=4
B x=2
C x=8
D x = 10
100
Solution: B
We need to get x by itself on the left-hand side. In order to do that, well first subtract 2
from both sides in order to move the 2 over to the right side. Remember, in order to keep
the equation balanced, everything we do to one side of the equation must also be done to
the other side.
4x + 2 2 = 10 2
4x + 0 = 8
original thing. Which means that 4x + 0 is just 4x, because adding 0 to 4x doesnt change
its identity.
4x = 8
We still dont have x by itself; its still multiplied by 4. In order to get rid of the 4, we need to
perform the inverse operation of multiplication, which means we need to divide by 4. As
always, well have to do this to both sides of the equation.
4x 8
=
4 4
1x =2
1 is the identity number for multiplication and division, which means that you can multiply
or divide by 1, and you dont change the value (the identity). Which means that 1 x is just
x, because multiplying by 1 doesnt change its identity.
x=2
101
3x + 4 = 16
Answer choices:
A x=4
B x =4
C x = 12
D x=3
102
Solution: B
We need to get x by itself on the left-hand side. In order to do that, well first subtract 4
from both sides in order to move the 4 over to the right side. Remember, in order to keep
the equation balanced, everything we do to one side of the equation must also be done to
the other side.
3x + 4 4 = 16 4
3x + 0 = 12
original thing. Which means that 3x + 0 is just 3x, because adding 0 to 3x doesnt
change its identity.
3x = 12
We still dont have x by itself; its still multiplied by 3. In order to get rid of the 3, we
need to perform the inverse operation of multiplication, which means we need to divide by
3. As always, well have to do this to both sides of the equation.
3x 12
=
3 3
1x =4
1 is the identity number for multiplication and division, which means that you can multiply
or divide by 1, and you dont change the value (the identity). Which means that 1 x is just
x, because multiplying by 1 doesnt change its identity.
x =4
103
x 60 = 90
Answer choices:
1
A x=1
4
3
B x=
2
10
C x=
3
2
D x=
3
104
Solution: B
We need to get x by itself on the left-hand side. In order to do that, well first divide by 60
on both sides in order to remove the 60. Remember, in order to keep the equation
balanced, everything we do to one side of the equation must also be done to the other
side.
x 60 = 90
60x = 90
60x 90
=
60 60
9
x=
6
3
x=
2
105
3(x + 2) 5 = 10
Answer choices:
A x=1
B x=2
C x=3
D x =3
106
Solution: C
Well use the distribute property to distribute the 3 across the (x + 2).
3(x + 2) 5 = 10
3(x) + 3(2) 5 = 10
3x + 6 5 = 10
Well collect like terms.
3x + 1 = 10
3x + 1 1 = 10 1
3x = 9
Then well solve for x.
3x 9
=
3 3
x=3
107
Topic: Variables on both sides
3x + 2 = x 10
Answer choices:
A x=6
B x =4
C x=4
D x =6
108
Solution: D
We need to get the variables together on the left side, and the whole numbers together on
the right side, making sure that anything we do to one side of the equation, we also do to
the other side.
3x + 2 = x 10
3x + 2 2 = x 10 2
3x = x 12
3x x = x x 12
2x = 12
2x 12
=
2 2
x =6
109
Topic: Variables on both sides
2x + 3x + 5 = x 10
Answer choices:
15
A x=
4
B x=4
C x =3
15
D x=
4
110
Solution: D
First, well collect like terms.
2x + 3x + 5 = x 10
5x + 5 = x 10
We need to get the variables together on the left side, and the whole numbers together on
the right side, making sure that anything we do to one side of the equation, we also do to
the other side.
5x + 5 5 = x 10 5
5x = x 15
5x x = x x 15
4x = 15
15
x=
4
111
Topic: Equations with parentheses
(6x 5) = 4(7x 8) + 3
Answer choices:
A x=5
B x=3
C x =1
D x=1
112
Solution: D
First, well use the distributive property to distribute the coecients in front of the
parentheses.
(6x 5) = 4(7x 8) + 3
6x + 5 = 28x 32 + 3
Now well collect like terms and solve for x.
6x + 5 = 28x 29
6x 28x + 5 = 28x 28x 29
34x + 5 = 29
34x + 5 5 = 29 5
34x = 34
34x 34
=
34 34
x=1
113
Topic: Equations with parentheses
Solve for n if
60(n 0 4) 2(n 4) = 3(n + 20)
Answer choices:
A n = 14
B n = 14
C n = 10
D n = 10
114
Solution: A
First, we have several values raised to the power of 0, and any nonzero value raised to 0 is
1.
1(1 4) 2(n 4) = 3(n + 1)
1(3) 2(n 4) = 3(n + 1)
3 2(n 4) = 3(n + 1)
Next, well use the distributive property to distribute the coecients in front of the
parentheses.
3 2n + 8 = 3n 3
Now well collect like terms and solve for n.
11 2n = 3n 3
11 2n + 3n = 3n + 3n 3
11 + n = 3
11 11 + n = 3 11
n = 14
115
Topic: Word problems into equations
Question: Write the sentence as an algebraic expression.
Three less than twice x
Answer choices:
A 3 2x
B 2x 3
C 2x + x 3
D 3 2x x
116
Solution: B
The phrase we need to write with algebra is
Three less than twice x
We know that twice x means 2 times x, and we can write it as 2x. So now we can say
that were looking for
Three less than 2x
If we need 3 less than 2x, then the value were looking for is
2x 3
If you get confused at that last step, try to think about it with real numbers. If ask you what
number is three less than 10, you would know its 7. To get from 10 to 7, youd have to do
10 3. So when we need 3 less than 2x, we know we need 2x 3.
117
Question: Find the value of the expression.
3
of 200
4
Answer choices:
A 170
B 200
C 150
4
D
3
118
Solution: C
When were turning a phrase into a mathematical expression or equation, the word of
tells us to multiply. Therefore,
3
200
4
3
50
1
150
We can also think about it this way. If we want 1/4 of 200, we know wed need to divide
200 by 4, and wed say that 1/4 of 200 is 50.
Then, if we want 3 of those 4ths, we just multiply our result by 3 and we get
50 3
150
119
Question: Find the number.
Four times a number decreased by 8 is 92.
Answer choices:
A 25
B 20
C 100
D 25
120
Solution: D
When were turning a phrase into a mathematical expression or equation, the word times
tells us to multiply. The word decreased tells us to subtract, and the word is means
equals. Therefore,
4x 8 = 92
4x 8 + 8 = 92 + 8
4x = 100
x = 25
121
Topic: Consecutive integers
Question: Choose the set thats consecutive.
Answer choices:
A 3, 5, 7
B 3, 2, 1
C 2, 4, 6
D 5, 10, 15
122
Solution: B
Consecutive integers are whole numbers that are one number apart from each other.
123
Topic: Direct variation
Question: Solve the two-step equation.
If 3k = 15, and k x = 75, find x.
Answer choices:
A x = 25
B x=5
C x = 15
D x = 25
124
Solution: C
Well solve the first equation for k.
3k = 15
3k 15
=
3 3
k =5
Now well take the value we found for k and plug it into the second equation to solve for x.
k x = 75
5x = 75
5x 75
=
5 5
x = 15
125
Topic: Direct variation
Question: Solve the two-step equation.
k k
If = 2, and = 6, find x.
10 x
Answer choices:
3
A x=
10
10
B x=
3
10
C x=
3
3
D x=
10
126
Solution: B
Well solve the first equation for k.
k
=2
10
k
(10) = 2(10)
10
k = 20
Now well take the value we found for k and plug it into the second equation to solve for x.
k
=6
x
20
=6
x
20
(x) = 6(x)
x
20 = 6x
20 6x
=
6 6
10
x=
3
127
Topic: Decimal equations
.2x + 4 = 10
Answer choices:
A x = 14
B x = .3
C x = 30
D x = 20
128
Solution: C
In order to solve an equation involving decimals, the first thing well try to do is get rid of
the decimals by changing them to whole numbers. Since the only decimal in our equation
ends in the 10ths place, well need to multiply by 10 in order to change it to a whole
number.
.2x + 4 = 10
(.2x + 4 = 10) 10
.2x(10) + 4(10) = 10(10)
2x + 40 = 100
x + 20 = 50
x = 30
129
Topic: Decimal equations
0.7m 0.6m = 3.4
Answer choices:
A m = 340
B m = 3.4
C m = .034
D m = 34
130
Solution: D
In order to solve an equation involving decimals, the first thing well try to do is get rid of
the decimals by changing them to whole numbers. Since the decimals in our equation end
in the 10ths place, well need to multiply by 10 in order to change them to whole numbers.
0.7m 0.6m = 3.4
(0.7m 0.6m = 3.4) 10
0.7m(10) 0.6m(10) = 3.4(10)
7m 6m = 34
m = 34
131
Topic: Fractional equations
2
x=4
3
Answer choices:
A x=6
B x =6
C x=3
D x=2
132
Solution: A
To get rid of a fractional coecient, we have to multiply by its reciprocal, because thatll
make the fraction 1.
2
x=4
3
3 2 3
x =4
2 3 2
6 12
x=
6 2
1x = 6
x=6
133
1
x + 2 = 10
2
Answer choices:
1
A x=
4
B x = 16
C x = 16
D x=4
134
Solution: B
In order to get rid of the fraction, we have to multiply every terms in the equation by its
denominator.
1
x + 2 = 10
2
[2 ]
1
x + 2 = 10 2
1
x(2) + 2(2) = 10(2)
2
x + 4 = 20
Now we can solve for x using inverse operations.
x + 4 4 = 20 4
x = 16
135
3 1
3x + =
4 8
Answer choices:
A x=3
1
B x=
4
5
C x=
24
5
D x=
24
136
Solution: C
The lowest common denominator (LCD) of the two fractions is 8, because 8 is the least
common multiple (LCM) of the denominators in the equation, 4 and 8. So in order to
remove the fractions but keep the equation balanced, well multiply every term in the
equation by 8.
[ 8]
3 1
3x + = 8
4
3(8) 1(8)
3(8)x + =
4 8
24 8
24x + =
4 8
24x + 6 = 1
24x + 6 6 = 1 6
24x + 0 = 5
24x = 5
5
x=
24
5
x=
24
137
1 1
x + = 20
5 3
Answer choices:
295
A x=
3
295
B x=
3
3
C x=
295
3
D x=
295
138
Solution: A
The lowest common denominator (LCD) of the two fractions is 15, because 15 is the least
common multiple (LCM) of the denominators in the equation, 5 and 3. So in order to
equation by 15.
[5 ]
1 1
x + = 20 15
3
1 1
x(15) + (15) = 20(15)
5 3
3x + 5 = 300
3x + 5 5 = 300 5
3x = 295
3x 295
=
3 3
295
x=
3
139
1 1 1
4 x+6 =3
3 2 4
Answer choices:
A x = 13
3
B x=
4
5
C x=
6
13
D x=
12
140
Solution: B
Lets first convert the mixed numbers to improper fractions.
1 1 1
4 x+6 =3
3 2 4
34+1 26+1 43+1

x+ =
3 2 4
13 13 13
x+ =
3 2 4
The lowest common denominator (LCD) of the three fractions is 12, because 12 is the least
common multiple (LCM) of the denominators in the equation, 2, 3 and 4. So in order to
equation by 12.
13 13 13
x(12) + (12) = (12)
3 2 4
13 13 13
x(4) + (6) = (3)
1 1 1
4(13)x + 6(13) = 3(13)
52x + 78 = 39
52x + 78 78 = 39 78
52x = 39
52x 39
=
52 52
3
x=
4
141
t2 14
= 1
t 3t
Answer choices:
10
A t=
3
20
B t=
3
9
C t=
4
5
D t=
2
142
Solution: A
If we multiply every term on both sides of the equation by 3t, well be able to cancel both
denominators.
t2 14
= 1
t 3t
[ t ]
t2 14
= 1 3t
3t
t2 14
(3t) = (3t) 1(3t)
t 3t
(t 2)(3) = 14 3t
3t 6 = 14 3t
Now well collect like terms and solve for t.
3t + 3t 6 = 14 3t + 3t
6t 6 = 14
6t 6 + 6 = 14 + 6
6t = 20
20
t=
6
10
t=
3
143
3y 8 4y
+ =3
2 7
Answer choices:
A y=0
B y=1
C y =1
D y=2
144
Solution: D
If we multiply every term on both sides of the equation by 14, well be able to cancel both
denominators.
3y 8 4y
+ =3
2 7
[2 ]
3y 8 4y
+ = 3 14
7
3y 8 4y
(14) + (14) = 3(14)
2 7
3y(7) + (8 4y)(2) = 42
21y + 16 8y = 42
Now well collect like terms and solve for y.
13y + 16 = 42
13y + 16 16 = 42 16
13y = 26
13y 26
=
13 13
y=2
145
Solve for x if
x+3 y
+ = 12a
6 2
Answer choices:
A x = 72a 3y 3
B x = 3y
C x = 12a y
D x = 3 + 3y + 72a
146
Solution: A
If we multiply every term on both sides of the equation by 12, well be able to cancel both
denominators.
x+3 y
+ = 12a
6 2
[ 6 ]
x+3 y
+ = 12a 12
2
x+3 y
(12) + (12) = 12a(12)
6 2
(x + 3)(2) + y(6) = 144a
2x + 6 + 6y = 144a
Now well solve for x.
2x + 6 6 + 6y 6y = 144a 6y 6
2x = 144a 6y 6
2x 144a 6y 6
=
2 2
x = 72a 3y 3
147
Topic: Abstract fractional equations
Question: Solve the fractional equation.
Solve for x if
1
+ m + ab = c
x
Answer choices:
1
A x=
m + ab c
B x = m ab + c
1
C x=
m + ab c
D x = m + ab c
148
Solution: A
In order to get rid of the fraction, we have to multiply every term on both sides of the
equation by the denominator.
1
+ m + ab = c
x
[x ]
1
+ m + ab = c x
1
(x) + m(x) + ab(x) = c(x)
x
1 + m x + abx = cx
To solve for x, well need to collect all terms containing x on one side of the equation, and
then factor out the x.
m x + abx cx = 1
x(m + ab c) = 1
1
x=
m + ab c
1
x=
m + ab c
149
Solve for x if
1 b
+ =c
x a
Answer choices:
a
A x=
b ac
b ac
B x=
a
a
C x=
ac b
ac b
D x=
a
150
Solution: C
In order to get rid of the fractions, we have to multiply every term on both sides of the
equation by both denominators.
1 b
+ =c
x a
[x a ]
1 b
+ = c ax
1 b
(a x) + (a x) = c(a x)
x a
1(a) + b(x) = acx
a + bx = acx
To solve for x, well need to collect all terms containing x on one side of the equation, and
then factor out the x.
acx bx = a
x(ac b) = a
a
x=
ac b
151
Solve for k if
mx + b
+a =z
k
Answer choices:
az
A k=
m x b
az
B k=
mx + b
m x b
C k=
az
mx + b
D k=
az
152
Solution: C
In order to get rid of the fraction, we have to multiply every term on both sides of the
equation by its denominator.
mx + b
+a =z
k
[ k ]
mx + b
+a =z k
mx + b
(k) + a(k) = z(k)
k
m x + b + ak = zk
To solve for k, well need to collect all terms containing k on one side of the equation, and
then factor out the k.
m x + b + ak zk = zk zk
m x + b + ak zk = 0
m x m x + b b + ak zk = 0 m x b
ak zk = m x b
k(a z) = m x b
k(a z) m x b
=
az az
m x b
k=
az
153
Topic: Radical equations
x+5=9
Answer choices:
A x
B 16
C 4
D 4
154
Solution: B
We have to keep the equation balanced, so when we subtract 5 from the left side, well
also subtract it from the right side.
x+5=9
x+55=95
x=4
Squaring both sides, we get
( x) = 4
2
2
x = 16
155
Topic: Radical equations
x 2 + 3x 10 + 2 = x
Answer choices:
A 2
B 4
C 6
D 8
156
Solution: A
Well get the square root by itself so that we can square both sides in order to get rid of
the square root.
x 2 + 3x 10 + 2 = x
x 2 + 3x 10 + 2 2 = x 2
x 2 + 3x 10 = x 2
Squaring both sides, we get
( x + 3x 10 ) = (x 2)
2
2 2
x 2 + 3x 10 = x 2 4x + 4
x 2 x 2 + 3x 10 = x 2 x 2 4x + 4
3x 10 = 4x + 4
3x + 4x 10 = 4x + 4x + 4
7x 10 = 4
7x 10 + 10 = 4 + 10
7x = 14
7x 14
=
7 7
x=2
157
Topic: Multivariable equations
Solve for z if
6y x + z = 4
Answer choices:
A z = x + 6y 4
B z = 4 + x 6y
C z = x4
D z = 5 + x + 6y
158
Solution: B
We need to get z by itself on one side of the equals sign.
6y x + z = 4
6y x + x + z = 4 + x
6y + z = 4 + x
6y 6y + z = 4 + x 6y
z = 4 + x 6y
159
Topic: Distance, rate and time
Question: How far does Sam travel?
Sam traveled at 25 mph for 3 hours.
Answer choices:
A 75 mi
B 100 mi
C 25 mi
D 50 mi
160
Solution: A
Well use the formula for distance.
Distance = Rate Time
D = RT
Sams rate is 25 mph and his time is 3 hours. Therefore,
miles
Distance = 25 3 hours
hour
25 3 miles hour
Distance =
hour
75 miles hour
Distance =
hour
Distance = 75 miles
161
Topic: Distance, rate and time
Question: How fast is Joe?
Joe and Henry were 80 miles apart.
Henry started walking toward Joe at a rate of 4 mph at 8 a.m. Joe left 2 hours later,
and they met at 4 p.m.
Answer choices:
A Joe walks at 6 mph
B Joe walks at 7 mph
C Joe walks at 8 mph
D Joe walks at 9 mph
162
Solution: C
Weve been given information about distance, rate and time, so well use the formula
Distance = Rate Time
D = RT
where d is the distance traveled, r is the rate, and t is the time. We can use subscripts to
create unique equations for Janet and Ken.
Joe Henry
DJ = RJ TJ DH = RH TH
We know that, in order to meet each other, they must have covered a distance of 80 miles
between them. Therefore,
DJ + DH = 80
Since we know that DJ = RJ TJ and DH = RH TH, we can make substitutions into this equation
for their rates and times, instead of their distances.
RJ TJ + RH TH = 80
The problem tells us that Henry was walking at 4 mph, and that he walked for 8 hours,
since he walked from 8 a.m. until 4 p.m. So
RJ TJ + (4)(8) = 80
RJ TJ + 32 = 80
RJ TJ = 48
Joe left 2 hours after Henry, which means he started walking at 10 a.m., and he kept
walking until they met at 4 p.m., which means he walked for 6 hours. So
RJ (6) = 48
163
6RJ = 48
RJ = 8
Which means that Joe walks at 8 mph.
164
Topic: Cartesian coordinate system
Question: Graph the coordinate point on a cartesian coordinate system.
(1,2)
Answer choices:
A C
B D

165
Solution: B
Since cartesian coordinates are always given in the form (x, y), we know that the x-
coordinate is 1 and that the y-coordinate is 2.
Since the x-axis is the horizontal axis, we need to move 1 unit from the origin in the
positive direction of the x-axis, which is to the right.
Then, since the y-axis is the vertical axis, we need to move 2 units from there in the
positive direction of the y-axis, which is up.
The result is the point
166
Topic: Graphing linear equations
Question: In the slope-intercept formula of a line, which variable represents slope?
y = mx + b
Answer choices:
A y
B x
C b
D m
167
Solution: D
m is the variable that represents slope. x and y together are the coordinates of points along
the line. b is the point where the graph intersects the y-axis.
168
Question: Choose the graph of the linear equation.
y = 2x 1
Answer choices:
A C
B D
169
Solution: B
The linear equation is already in slope-intercept form, so we can identify that the slope is
m = 2 and the y-intercept is 1.
Since the slope is positive, we know that the line will lean to the right. The graph is
170
Question: Choose the graph of the linear equation.
x+y =2
Answer choices:
A C
B D
171
Solution: A
The linear equation isnt already in slope-intercept form, so well subtract x from both sides
in order to solve for y.
x+y =2
xx+y =2x
y =x+2
With the equation in slope-intercept form, we can identify that the slope is m = 1 and the
y-intercept is 2.
Since the slope is negative, we know that the line will lean to the left. The graph is
172
Question: Find the equation of the line that passes through the given points, and then
sketch its graph.
(1,2) and (3,4)
Answer choices:
A y = x + 1 C y = 2x + 1
B y = x D y=2
173
Solution: A
Well put our two points into the formula
y y y1
m= = 2
x x2 x1
to find the slope m.
42
m=
31
2
m=
2
m=1
Now well plug the slope m = 1 into the slope-intercept form for the equation of a line.
y = mx + b
y = (1)x + b
y = x+b
Finally, well plug either of the points, in this case well choose (1,2), into the equation so
that we can solve for b.
2=1+b
1=b
Plugging b = 1 back into the equation of the line, we get
y = x+1
This is the equation of a line. Using the information that the slope is m = 1 and the y-
intercept is 1, its graph is
174
175
Question: Find the equation of the line that passes through the given points, and then
sketch its graph.
(2,3) and (1,0)
Answer choices:
A y = x + 3 C y = 3x + 3
B y = x 3 D y = 3x 3
176
Solution: D
Well put our two points into the formula
y y y1
m= = 2
x x2 x1
to find the slope m.
30
m=
21
3
m=
1
m=3
Now well plug the slope m = 3 into the slope-intercept form for the equation of a line.
y = mx + b
y = 3x + b
Finally, well plug either of the points, in this case well choose (2,3), into the equation so
that we can solve for b.
3 = 3(2) + b
3=6+b
b =3
Plugging b = 3 back into the equation of the line, we get
y = 3x 3
This is the equation of a line. Using the information that the slope is m = 3 and the y-
intercept is 3, its graph is
177
178
Topic: Parallel and perpendicular lines
Question: What can you say about the slopes of these lines?
Answer choices:
A The slopes are negative
B The slopes are 0
C The slopes are equal
D The slopes are 2
179
Solution: C
Since the lines are parallel, we know that the slopes are equal.
180
Question: Which line is parallel to the given line?
y = x+3
Answer choices:
A y = 2x + 3
B y = 2x + 3
C y =x+3
D y = x+4
181
Solution: D
For two lines to be parallel, their slopes must be equal.
Remember that the equation of a line in slope-intercept form is given by
y = mx + b
where m is the slope of the line.
We can rewrite the given equation as
y = x+3
y = 1x + 3
and conclude that the slope of the line is 1.
The only answer choice that also has a slope of 1 is answer choice D.
y = x+4
y = 1x + 4
182
Question: Which line is perpendicular to the given line?
y = 2x + 3
Answer choices:
A y = 2x 3
B y = 2x + 3
1
C y= x+3
2
D y = 2x + 4
183
Solution: C
For two lines to be perpendicular, their slopes must be negative reciprocals of one another.
Remember that the equation of a line in slope-intercept form is given by
y = mx + b
where m is the slope of the line.
We can see that in the given equation,
y = 2x + 3
the slope of the line is 2.
The reciprocal of of 2 is
1
2
The negative reciprocal of 2 is therefore
1

2
The only answer choice that has this slope is answer choice C.
1
y= x+3
2
184
Topic: Parabolas
Question: Which graph represents a non-linear function?
Answer choices:
A y = x C y = x2
B x = 3 D y =x
185
Solution: C
The graph in answer choice C is the only graph that itst a line, which means it represents
the only non-linear function.
186
Topic: Parabolas
Question: Which graph represents the function?
y = x 2 4x 1
Answer choices:
A C
B D
187
Solution: B
We want to put the parabola in standard form,
f (x) = a(x h)2 + k
where (h, k) is the vertex of the parabola.
Well do this by completing the square.
Before we can do that though, we need to make the coecient on the x 2 term a positive 1
instead of a negative 1, which well do by factoring out a 1.
y = x 2 4x 1
y = (x 2 + 4x + 1)
Now taking the coecient on the first-degree x term, 4, and dividing it by 2, we get
4
=2
2
Squaring the result gives
(2)2 = 4
This is the value we have to add in order to complete the square. But we have to be
careful. If we add 4 inside the parentheses on the right, the negative sign outside of the
parentheses applies to it, which means were actually subtracting 4 from the right. So well
have to subtract 4 from the left as well in order to keep the equation balanced.
y = (x 2 + 4x + 1)
y 4 = (x 2 + 4x + 4 + 1)
y 4 = [(x 2 + 4x + 4) + 1]
y 4 = (x 2 + 4x + 4) 1
188
y = (x 2 + 4x + 4) + 3
y = (x + 2)(x + 2) + 3
y = (x + 2)2 + 3
Now that weve got the parabola in standard form, we can identify its characteristics.
1. The negative sign in front of the parentheses indicates the parabola opens down
2. Its vertex and maximum point is at (2,3)
3. The y-intercept is at y = 1
189
Topic: 2-step problems
Question: Find the value.
If x + 5 = 10, what is x + 3?
Answer choices:
A 8
B 10
C 5
D 13
190
Solution: A
This is a simple system of equations, and well use substitution to solve it. We need to use
the first equation to find a value for x.
x + 5 = 10
x + 5 5 = 10 5
x=5
Now well take the value we found for x and plug it into the second equation to find the
value weve been asked for.
x+3
5+3
191
Topic: System of two equations, substitution
Question: Use substitution to find the unique solution to the system of equations.
y = x+7
x + 2y = 16
Answer choices:
A (10,3)
B (10,3)
C (10, 3)
D (10, 3)
192
Solution: D
Since the first equation is already solved for y, well make a substitution for y in the second
equation, so that we can get the second equation in terms of only x and then solve for x.
x + 2y = 16
x + 2(x + 7) = 16
x + 2x + 14 = 16
3x + 14 = 16
3x + 14 14 = 16 14
3x = 30
3x 30
=
3 3
x = 10
Now well take the value we found for x and plug it into the first equation to find the value
of y.
y = x+7
y = 10 + 7
y = 7 10
y =3
193
y = x+3
2x + y = 10
Answer choices:
( 3 3)
16 7
A ,
( 3 3)
7 16
B ,
( 3 3)
16 7
C ,
(3 3 )
7 16
D ,
194
Solution: D
Since the first equation is already solved for y, well make a substitution for y in the second
equation, so that we can get the second equation in terms of only x and then solve for x.
2x + y = 10
2x + (x + 3) = 10
2x + x + 3 = 10
3x + 3 = 10
3x = 7
7
x=
3
Now well take the value we found for x and plug it into the first equation to find the value
of y.
y = x+3
7
y= +3
3
(3)
7 3
y= +3
3
7 9
y= +
3 3
16
y=
3
195
3x y = 5
y = 2x 5
Answer choices:
A (2,1)
B (2,1)
C (2, 1)
D (2, 1)
196
Solution: C
Since the second equation is already solved for y, well make a substitution for y in the first
equation, so that we can get the first equation in terms of only x and then solve for x.
3x y = 5
3x (2x 5) = 5
3x + 2x + 5 = 5
5x + 5 = 5
5x + 5 5 = 5 5
5x = 10
x =2
Now well take the value we found for x and plug it into the second equation to find the
value of y.
y = 2x 5
y = 2(2) 5
y =45
y =1
Putting these values together, we can say that (2, 1) is the unique solution to the
system of equations.
197
x 2y = 6
y + 2x = 2
Answer choices:
A (2,2)
B (2, 2)
C (2, 2)
D (2,2)
198
Solution: B
Neither equation is solved for x or y, so well solve the first equation for x.
x 2y = 6
x 2y + 2y = 6 + 2y
x = 6 + 2y
Plugging this value into the second equation for x, we get
y + 2x = 2
y + 2(6 + 2y) = 2
y + 12 + 4y = 2
5y + 12 = 2
5y + 12 12 = 2 12
5y = 10
5y 10
=
5 5
y =2
Now well take the value we found for y and plug it into the first equation to find the value
of x.
x 2y = 6
x 2(2) = 6
x+4=6
x+44=64
199
x=2
Putting these two values together, the unique solution is (2, 2).
200
Question: How many quarters does Joe have?
Joe has $6.45 in dimes and quarters. Joe has 9 more quarters than dimes.
Answer choices:
A 3
B 10
C 12
D 21
201
Solution: D
We know that quarters are each 25 cents, and that dimes are each 10 cents. So we can
write the equation.
0.25q + 0.10d = 6.45
(.25q + 0.10d = 6.45)100
25q + 10d = 645
We also know that Joe has 9 more quarters than dimes, so we can write
q =d+9
Substituting this value for q into the first equation, we get
25(d + 9) + 10d = 645
25d + 225 + 10d = 645
35d + 225 = 645
35d + 225 225 = 645 225
35d = 420
d = 12
Now we know that Joe has 12 dimes. Knowing that q = d + 9, we can say
q = 12 + 9
q = 21
Joe has 21 quarters.
202
Question: How many of each coin are in the jar?
A jar has $40 in it, but contains only nickels and dimes. There are 100 more dimes
than nickels.
Answer choices:
A 20 nickels 30 dimes
B 200 nickels 300 dimes
C 500 nickels 600 dimes
D 100 nickels 200 dimes
203
Solution: B
We know that nickels are each 5 cents, and that dimes are each 10 cents. So we can write
the equation.
0.05n + 0.10d = 40
(0.05n + 0.10d = 40)100
5n + 10d = 4,000
We also know that there are 100 more dimes than nickels, so
d = n + 100
Substituting this value for d into the first equation, we get
5n + 10(n + 100) = 4,000
5n + 10n + 1,000 = 4,000
15n = 3,000
n = 200
Now we know that the jar has 200 nickels. Knowing that d = n + 100, we can say
d = 200 + 100
d = 300
Bringing these values together, we can say that the jar contains 200 nickels and 300 dimes.
204
Topic: System of two equations, elimination
Question: Use elimination to find the unique solution to the system of equations.
x 3y = 7
2x 3y = 4
Answer choices:
A (12,7)
B (11,6)
C (9,3)
D (11, 6)
205
Solution: B
Since both equations include a 3y, we should be able to subtract one from the other in
order to eliminate it.
x 3y = 7
(2x 3y = 4)
x + 0y = 11
x = 11
x = 11
Now that we have a value for x, we can plug it back into one of the original equations to
solve for the corresponding value of y.
x 3y = 7
11 3y = 7
11 11 3y = 7 11
3y = 18
y=6
To make sure that (11,6) is a solution to the system, well plug it into the other original
equation, the one we didnt use to find y.
2x 3y = 4
2(11) 3(6) = 4
22 18 = 4
4=4
Since 4 = 4 is true, we know (11,6) is a solution to the system.
206
x 2y = 1
2x 3y = 4
Answer choices:
A (11,6)
B (11, 6)
C (11,6)
D (11, 6)
207
Solution: A
Well multiply the first equation by 2 so that both equations will contain a 2x.
(x 2y = 1)2
x(2) 2y(2) = 1(2)
2x 4y = 2
Now that both equations include a 2x, we should be able to subtract one from the other in
2x 4y = 2
(2x 3y = 4)
0x y = 6
y = 6
y=6
Now that we have a value for y, we can plug it back into one of the original equations to
solve for the corresponding value of x.
x 2y = 1
x 2(6) = 1
x 12 = 1
x 12 + 12 = 1 + 12
x = 11
equation, the one we didnt use to find x.
2x 3y = 4
208
2(11) 3(6) = 4
22 18 = 4
4=4
209
3x 4y = 7
2x 7y = 4
Answer choices:
A (5,2)
B (5,2)
C (5, 2)
D (5, 2)
210
Solution: B
Well multiply the first equation by 2 and the second equation by 3 so that both equations
will contain a 6x.
(3x 4y = 7)2 and (2x 7y = 4)3
(3x)2 (4y)2 = (7)2 (2x)3 (7y)3 = (4)3
6x 8y = 14 6x 21y = 12
Now that both equations include a 6x, we should be able to subtract one from the other in
6x 8y = 14
(6x 21y = 12)
0x + 13y = 26
13y = 26
y=2
Now that we have a value for y, we can plug it back into one of the original equations to
solve for the corresponding value of x.
3x 4y = 7
3x 4(2) = 7
3x 8 = 7
3x 8 + 8 = 7 + 8
3x = 15
x=5
211
equation, the one we didnt use to find x.
2x 7y = 4
2(5) 7(2) = 4
10 14 = 4
4 = 4
212
Topic: System of two equations, subscripts
Question: Use any method to find the unique solution to the system of equations.
RMTM = 200 RPTP = 500
RP = 5RM TP = 3 TM
Answer choices:
A (RM , TM ) = (100,2) (RP, TP) = (500,1)
B (RM , TM ) = (500,3) (RP, TP) = (100,1)
C (RM , TM ) = (200,1) (RP, TP) = (500,2)
D (RM , TM ) = (200,1) (RP, TP) = (100,0)
213
Solution: A
Since TP = 3 TM is already solved for TP and RP = 5RM is already solved for RP, we can
plug these two values into the third equation.
RPTP = 500
(5RM )(3 TM ) = 500
5RM (3) 5RM (TM ) = 500
15RM 5RMTM = 500
3RM RMTM = 100
RMTM = 100 3RM
RMTM = 3RM 100
When we put this together with the first equation RMTM = 200, we can say
3RM 100 = 200
3RM = 300
RM = 100
Now that we have a value for RM, we can plug it into the other equations to find the values
of the other variables.
RMTM = 200 RP = 5RM
(100)TM = 200 RP = 5(100)
TM = 2 RP = 500
Now well plug RP = 500 into RPTP = 500 to find a value for TP.
RPTP = 500
214
(500)TP = 500
TP = 1
Bringing all of our values together, we can say that
(RM , TM ) = (100,2)
(RP, TP) = (500,1)
215
Topic: Uniform motion
Question: How long did it take Jenny to get to the library?
On Monday, Jenny walked at 3 mph from the school to the library.
On Tuesday, Kelly walked at 6 mph from the school to the library and it took her 1
hour to get there.
Answer choices:
A 1 hour
B 2 hours
C 3 hours
D 4 hours
216
Solution: B
Since Jenny and Kelly both traveled the same distance, we can recognize that this is a
uniform motion problem.
Well use the formula
distance = rate time
d = rt
where d is the distance each of them traveled, r is the rate at which they walked, and t is
the time it took them to get there. We can use subscripts to create unique equations for
Jenny and Kelly.
Jenny Kelly
dJ = rJ tJ dK = rK tK
The problem tells us that Jenny walked at a rate of 3 mph, that Kelly walked at a rate of 6
mph, and that it took Kelly 1 hour to get to the library. Plugging in the information weve
been given into Jennys and Kellys equations, we get
dJ = 3tJ dK = 6(1)
dK = 6
Remember, Jenny and Kelly both walked the same distance. Since their distances are
equal, we can say that dJ = dK, and plug the value we just found for Kellys distance into
Jennys equation.
6 = 3tJ
2 = tJ
We can now say that it took Jenny 2 hours to get to the library.
217
Topic: Uniform motion
Question: How far did each of them travel?
Janet and Ken made the same trip on dierent days.
When Janet made the trip, she traveled at 25 mph. When Ken made the trip, he
traveled at 35 mph, and the trip took him 4 hours less than it took Janet.
Answer choices:
A 350 miles
B 300 miles
C 250 miles
D 200 miles
218
Solution: A
Since Jenny and Kelly both traveled the same distance, we can recognize that this is a
uniform motion problem.
Well use the formula
distance = rate time
d = rt
where d is the distance each of them traveled, r is the rate at which they traveled, and t is
the time it took them to get there. We can use subscripts to create unique equations for
Janet and Ken.
Janet Ken
The problem tells us that Janet traveled at a rate of 25 mph, that Ken traveled at a rate of
35 mph, and that it took Ken 4 hours less than Janet to travel the same distance. Plugging
in the information weve been given into Janets and Kens equations, we get
dJ = 25tJ dK = 35(tJ 4)
Remember, Janet and Ken both travelled the same distance. Since their distances are
equal, we can say that dJ = dK, and get
25tJ = 35(tJ 4)
25tJ = 35tJ 140
10tJ = 140
10tJ = 140
tJ = 14
219
We can now say that it took Janet 14 hours to travel the distance. Since we know it took
Ken 4 hours less than it took Janet to go the same distance, it took Ken
tK = tJ 4
tK = 14 4
tK = 10
Now that we have a rate and a time for both Janet and Ken, we can verify that they
traveled the same distance.
Janet Ken
dJ = (25)(14) dK = (35)(10)
dJ = 350 dK = 350
220
Topic: System of two equations, quadratic equation
Question: Use any method to find the solution(s) to the system of equations.
x 2 + y 2 = 25
3x y = 5
Answer choices:
A (0,5) and (3, 4)
B (0, 5) and (3, 4)
C (0,5) and (3,4)
D (0, 5) and (3,4)
221
Solution: D
Well solve the second equation for y and then make a substitution for y into the first
equation.
3x y = 5
y = 5 3x
y = 3x 5
Plug this value for y into the first equation and then solve for x.
x 2 + y 2 = 25
x 2 + (3x 5)2 = 25
x 2 + (3x 5)(3x 5) = 25
x 2 + 9x 2 15x 15x + 25 = 25
10x 2 30x + 25 = 25
10x 2 30x = 0
x 2 3x = 0
x(x 3) = 0
x = 0 or x=3
We have to test both of these values, so well plug each one back into y = 3x 5 to find a
corresponding value for y.
For x = 0: For x = 3:
y = 3x 5 y = 3x 5
y = 3(0) 5 y = 3(3) 5
222
y = 0 5 y =95
y = 5 y=4
Now we have two solutions, (0, 5) and (3,4), that satisfy y = 3x 5. We have to make
sure they also satisfy x 2 + y 2 = 25.
For (0, 5): For (3,4):
x 2 + y 2 = 25 x 2 + y 2 = 25
(0)2 + (5)2 = 25 (3)2 + (4)2 = 25
0 + 25 = 25 9 + 16 = 25
25 = 25 25 = 25
Both (0, 5) and (3,4) are solutions to the system of equations.
223
Topic: System of two equations, number word problems
Question: What is the original number?
The sum of the digits in a two-digit number is 9. When the digits are reversed, the
new number is 45 greater than the original number.
Answer choices:
A 27
B 72
C 45
D 52
224
Solution: A
Well say that the original number can be represented as
TU
where T is the digit in the tens place, and U is the digit in the units place. Then we can say
that
T+U=9
and that
the original number is 10T + U
the new number is 10U + T
and therefore that
10U + T 45 = 10T + U
9U 45 = 9T
9U 9T = 45
UT =5
Now we have the system of equations
T+U=9
UT =5
Well solve the first equation for T and then substitute for T in the second equation.
T+U=9
T =9U
Plugging this into the second equation, we get
225
UT =5
U (9 U ) = 5
U9+U=5
2U = 14
U=7
Plugging this back into T = 9 U, we get
T =9U
T =97
T=2
Which means,
the original number is 10T + U 10(2) + 7 27
the new number is 10U + T 10(7) + 2 72
Lets check these numbers against the original statement.
The sum of the digits in the original number is 9 YES 2+7=9
The digits are reversed YES 27 72
The new number is 45 greater than the original number YES 72 27 = 45
226
Topic: System of two equations, age word problems
Question: How old are they now?
20 years ago Beth was 6 years older than twice Chris age. 6 years ago Chris was
3/5 as old as Beth. How old are they now?
Answer choices:
A Beth is 36 Chris is 20
B Beth is 46 Chris is 30
C Beth is 66 Chris is 50
D Beth is 18 Chris is 12
227
Solution: B
If we say that Beths current age is B and that Chris current age is C, then their ages 20
years ago are given by B 20 and C 20. Since Beth was 6 years older than twice Chris
age 20 years ago,
(B 20) 6 = 2(C 20)
B 20 6 = 2C 40
B 26 = 2C 40
B 2C = 14
Their ages 6 years ago will be given by B 6 and C 6. Since 6 years ago Chris was 3/5 as
old as Beth,
3
(B 6) = C 6
5
3(B 6) = 5C 30
3B 18 = 5C 30
3B 5C = 12
So our system of equations is
B 2C = 14
3B 5C = 12
Well use substitution to solve the system by solving the first equation for B and then
making a substitution for B in the second equation.
B 2C = 14
B = 2C 14
Plugging this into the second equation, we get
228
3B 5C = 12
3(2C 14) 5C = 12
6C 42 5C = 12
C = 30
Well plug this value for C back into B = 2C 14 to get a value for B.
B = 2C 14
B = 2(30) 14
B = 60 14
B = 46
If weve done the problem correctly, then Beth is currently 46 and Chris is currently 30.
Lets check these ages against the original statement.
20 years ago Beth was 6 years older than twice Chris age
20 years ago, Beth would have been 46 20 = 26
20 years ago, Chris would have been 30 20 = 10
26 6 = 2(10)
20 = 20
6 years ago Chris was 3/5 as old as Beth
6 years ago, Beth would have been 46 6 = 40
6 years ago, Chris would have been 30 6 = 24
3
(40) = 24
5
229
3(8) = 24
24 = 24
230
Topic: System of three equations
x+yz =4
xyz =2
x + 2y + z = 1
Answer choices:
A (x, y, z) = (1,1,2)
B (x, y, z) = (1, 1,2)
C (x, y, z) = (1,1, 2)
D (x, y, z) = (1,1,2)
231
Solution: C
So that we can stay organized, lets number the equations as
1 x+yz =4
2 xyz =2
3 x + 2y + z = 1
Since theres an equal x value and an equal z value in (1) and (2), well be able to eliminate
x and z and solve for y if we subtract (2) from (1).
1 x+yz =4
2 (x y z = 2)
0x + 2y + 0z = 2
2y = 2
y=1
Lets plug y = 1 into (2) and (3) to get those two equations in terms of x and z only.
2 xyz =2
3 x + 2y + z = 1
x1z =2
x + 2(1) + z = 1
4 xz =3
5 x+z =1
Well add (4) and (5) in order to eliminate z and solve for x.
4 xz =3
232
5 +(x + z = 1)
2x + 0z = 2
2x = 2
x=1
Now well plug x = 1 and y = 1 back into (1) to find a value for z.
1 x+yz =4
1+1z =4
2z =4
z = 2
z =2
Weve found the unique solution (1,1, 2). Lets test it in our three original equations to
make sure it satisfies each of them.
1 x + y z = 4 1 + 1 (2) = 4 1 + 1 + 2 = 4 4=4
2 x y z = 2 1 1 (2) = 2 1 1 + 2 = 2 2=2
3 x + 2y + z = 1 1 + 2(1) + (2) = 1 1 + 2 2 = 1 1=1
Weve shown that the solution (1,1, 2) satisfies each of the three original equations.
233
Topic: System of three equations
xy+z =6
3x 4y z = 4
2x + 3y + 4z = 14
Answer choices:
A (x, y, z) = (60, 46, 8)
B (x, y, z) = (60, 46,8)
C (x, y, z) = (60,46,8)
D (x, y, z) = (60, 46,8)
234
Solution: D
So that we can stay organized, lets number the equations as
1 xy+z =6
2 3x 4y z = 4
3 2x + 3y + 4z = 14
Well add (1) and (2) to eliminate z.
1 xy+z =6
2 +(3x 4y z = 4)
4x 5y + 0z = 10
4 4x 5y = 10
Now well multiply (2) by 4 so that we can add the result to (3) to eliminate z.
2 3x 4y z = 4
4(3x 4y z = 4)
5 12x 16y 4z = 16
Adding (3) and (5), we get
3 2x + 3y + 4z = 14
5 +(12x 16y 4z = 16)
10x 13y + 0z = 2
6 10x 13y = 2
With (4) and (6) we now we have a system of two equations in two variables.
235
4 4x 5y = 10
6 10x 13y = 2
Lets solve (4) for y so that we can substitute into (6) to get an equation in terms of x only.
4 4x 5y = 10
5y = 4x 10
5y = 4x + 10
4
7 y= x+2
5
Plugging (7) into (6), we get
6 10x 13y = 2
(5 )
4
10x 13 x+2 =2
52
10x x 26 = 2
5
50x 52x 130 = 10
2x = 120
x = 60
Plugging x = 60 into (7) to find y, we get
4
7 y= x+2
5
4
y= (60) + 2
5
y = 4(12) + 2
236
y = 48 + 2
y = 46
Now well plug x = 60 and y = 46 into (1) to find the value of z.
1 xy+z =6
60 (46) + z = 6
60 + 46 + z = 6
14 + z = 6
z=8
Weve found the unique solution (60, 46,8). Lets test it in our three original equations to
make sure it satisfies each of them.
1 2 3

x y + z = 6 3x 4y z = 4 2x + 3y + 4z = 14
60 (46) + 8 = 6 3(60) 4(46) 8 = 4 2(60) + 3(46) + 4(8) = 14
60 + 46 + 8 = 6 180 + 184 8 = 4 120 138 + 32 = 14
6 = 6 4 = 4 14 = 14
Weve shown that the solution (60, 46,8) satisfies each of the three original equations.
237
Topic: Polynomials, addition
3ab + 7ab
Answer choices:
A 21a 2b 2
B 10ab
C 10a 2b 2
D 21ab
238
Solution: B
This is really just a like-terms addition problem. Because both terms have the same base
of ab and the same exponent of 1, these are like terms, and we get
3ab + 7ab
(3 + 7)ab
(10)ab
10ab
239
Topic: Polynomials, multiplication
Question: Expand the expression.
(x + 3)(x + 2)
Answer choices:
A 2x 2 + 5x + 5
B x 2 + 3x + 2
C x 2 + 5x + 6
D x 2 + x 2 + 3x + 2x
240
Solution: C
Well use the FOIL method and multiply together the first terms, outer terms, inner terms,
and last terms.
(x + 3)(x + 2)
(x)(x) + (x)(2) + (3)(x) + (3)(2)
x 2 + 2x + 3x + 6
x 2 + 5x + 6
241
Topic: Polynomials, multiplication
Question: Expand the expression.
(m + y )
1
2
3 12
Answer choices:
2 1 1
A m 3 + 2m 3 y 2 + y 1
1 1
B m3 + y4
2 1 1 1
C m 3 + 2m 3 y 2 y 4
D m + 2my + y
242
Solution: A
First, we realize that we can rewrite the expression as
(m + y )
1
2
3 12
(m + y ) (m + y )
1 1 1 1
3 2 3 2
Well use the FOIL method and multiply together the first terms, outer terms, inner terms,
and last terms.
m 3 (m 3 + y 2 ) + y 2 (m 3 + y 2 )
1 1 1 1 1 1
m 3 (m 3 ) + m 3 (y 2 ) + y 2 (m 3 ) + y 2 (y 2 )
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1
12 1
12 12 +( 12 )
m 3+3 +m y 3 +m y 3 +y
2 1 1 1 1
m 3 + 2m 3 y 2 + y 2 2
2 1 1
m 3 + 2m 3 y 2 + y 1
243
Topic: Polynomials, division
(x + x + 8) (x 1)
2
Answer choices:
A x+1
B x2 + x + 4
C x2
10
D x+2+
x1
244
Solution: D
Well use polynomial long division.
10
x+2+
x1
x 1 x2 + x + 8
(x 2 x)
2x + 8
(2x 2)
10
245
Topic: Polynomials, division
(x + 2x + 12) (x 1)
3 2
Answer choices:
A 2x 2 + 4x + 4
15
B x 2 + 3x + 3 +
x1
15
C x 2 3x 3 +
x1
14
D x 2 + 3x 3 +
x1
246
Solution: B
Well use polynomial long division, making sure that we put a placeholder of 0x for the
missing first-degree x term.
15
x 2 + 3x + 3 +
x1
x 1 x 3 + 2x 2 + 0x + 12
(x 3 x 2)
3x 2 + 0x
(3x 2 3x)
3x + 12
(3x 3)
15
247
Topic: Polynomials, multivariable, multiplication
(x + 3) (3x 3 3a + b)
Answer choices:
A 3x 4 + 9x 3 3a x + bx 9a + 3b
B 2x 4 2a x + 8x 3 + 4x + 18
C 4x 4 3a x 3 + 9x 2 + 4x + 9
D 3x 4 3a + 3x + 18
248
Solution: A
When we multiply together two polynomials, we need to make sure we multiply every term
in the first polynomial by every term in the second polynomial.
(x + 3) (3x 3 3a + b)
x (3x 3 3a + b) + 3 (3x 3 3a + b)
x (3x 3) + x (3a) + x (b) + 3 (3x 3) + 3 (3a) + 3 (b)
3x 4 3a x + bx + 9x 3 9a + 3b
3x 4 + 9x 3 3a x + bx 9a + 3b
249
Topic: Greatest common factor, trinomials
Question: Factor out the greatest common factor.
2x + 4x y + 10bx
Answer choices:
A 2 (x + 2x y + 5bx)
B 2x (1 + 2y + 5b)
C 2x (2y + 5b)
D 2x y (3 + 5b)
250
Solution: B
We can see that all of our coecients are even whole numbers, so we should be able to
factor out a 2.
2x + 4x y + 10bx
2 (x + 2x y + 5bx)
Since theres still an x common to every term, we can factor that out also.
2x (1 + 2y + 5b)
Since theres nothing else that can be factored out of 1 and 2y and 5b, we know were
done factoring, and that the greatest common factor is 2x.
251
Topic: Greatest common factor, trinomials
Question: Factor out the greatest common factor.
2x y + 4x 2y 2 + 8x 3y 3
Answer choices:
A 2x y (1 + 2x y + 4x 2y 2)
B 2x y (2x y + 4x y 2)
C 2x (y + 2x y)
D 2x y (2 + 2x + 4x y)
252
Solution: A
We can see that all of our coecients are even whole numbers, so we should be able to
factor out a 2.
2x y + 4x 2y 2 + 8x 3y 3
2 (x y + 2x 2y 2 + 4x 3y 3)
Since theres still an x common to every term, we can factor that out also.
2x (y + 2x y 2 + 4x 2y 3)
Since theres still a y common to every term, we can factor that out also.
2x y (1 + 2x y + 4x 2y 2)
Notice that weve factored everything from the first term, but that first term doesnt
become 0; we have to leave a 1 to account for it.
Since theres nothing else that can be factored out of 1 and 2x y and 4x 2y 2, we know were
done factoring, and that the greatest common factor is 2x y.
253
Topic: Greatest common factor, polynomials
Question: Factor the expression.
5x 2 125
5
Answer choices:
A x 2 + 25
B (x + 5)(x + 5)
C (x + 5)(x 5)
D 5x 2 25
254
Solution: C
We can see that all of our coecients are whole numbers divisible by 5, so we should be
able to factor out a 5.
5x 2 125
5
5 (x 2 25)
5
x 2 25
Now we can factor what remains as a dierence of squares.
(x + 5)(x 5)
255
Topic: Quadratic equations (trinomials)
Question: Factor the trinomial.
x 2 x 42
Answer choices:
A (x + 6)(x 7)
B (x 6)(x + 7)
C (x + 6)(x + 7)
D (x 6)(x 7)
256
Solution: A
To get x 2, we have to multiply together x and x.
(x )(x )
Now were looking for two factors that we can multiply together to get 42, and add
together to 1 (the coecient on the first-degree x term). The factors of 42 are
1 and 42 1 and 42
2 and 21 2 and 21
3 and 14 3 and 14
6 and 7 6 and 7
The only set of factors that give 1 when add together is 6 and 7. Therefore, we can
factor the trinomial as
(x + 6)(x 7)
257
Topic: Quadratic equations (trinomials), coecients
5x 2 3x 2
Answer choices:
A (5x + 2)(x + 1)
B (5x 2)(x + 1)
C (5x + 2)(x 1)
D (5x 2)(x 1)
258
Solution: C
The only factors of 5 are 5 and 1, so we know well have
(5x )(x )
The only factors of 2 are 2 and 1, which means well have one of the following.
(5x 1)(x 2) or (5x 2)(x 1)
If we multiply the factors the first way, well need to use 10x and 3x to get to 3x. Theres
no way we can combine 10 and 3, even if we make one or both of them negative, that we
can get to 3x. But if we multiply the factors the second way, well need to use 5x and 2x
to get to 3x. If we just make the 5x negative and keep the 2x positive, then we can get
5x + 2x = 3x. Therefore,
(5x + 2)(x 1)
259
6x 2 2x 4
Answer choices:
A 2(3x + 2)(x + 1)
B 2(3x 2)(x 1)
C 2(3x 2)(x + 1)
D 2(3x + 2)(x 1)
260
Solution: D
First, well factor out a 2, because its a common factor between each of the three terms.
6x 2 2x 4
2 (3x 2 x 2)
The only factors of 3 are 3 and 1, so we know well have
2(3x )(x )
The only factors of 2 are 2 and 1, which means well have one of the following.
2(3x 1)(x 2) or 2(3x 2)(x 1)
If we multiply the factors the first way, well need to use 6x and x to get to x. Theres no
way we can combine 6 and 1, even if we make one or both of them negative, that we can
get to x. But if we multiply the factors the second way, well need to use 3x and 2x to get
to x. If we just make the 3x negative and keep the 2x positive, then we can get
3x + 2x = x. Therefore,
2(3x + 2)(x 1)
261
6x 3 + 11x 2 2x
Answer choices:
A x(6x + 1)(x 2)
B x(6x 1)(x 2)
C x(6x 1)(x + 2)
D (6x + 1)(x + 2)
262
Solution: C
First, well factor out an x, because its a common factor between each of the three terms.
6x 3 + 11x 2 2x
x (6x 2 + 11x 2)
The only factors of 6 are 6 and 1 or 3 and 2, so well have one of these:
x(6x )(x ) or x(3x )(2x )
The only factors of 2 are 2 and 1, which means well have one of the these:
x(6x 2)(x 1) or x(3x 2)(2x 1)
x(6x 1)(x 2) or x(3x 1)(2x 2)
If we multiply the factors as x(6x 2)(x 1), well need to use 6x and 2x to get to 11x.
Theres no way we can combine 6 and 2, even if we make one or both of them negative,
that we can get to 11x.
If we multiply the factors as x(3x 2)(2x 1), well need to use 3x and 4x to get to 11x.
If we multiply the factors as x(6x 2)(x 1), well need to use 6x and 2x to get to 11x.
But if we multiply the factors as x(6x 1)(x 2), well need to use 12x and x to get to 11x,
which we can do by making 12x positive and x negative. Therefore,
x(6x 1)(x + 2)
263
16x 2 40x 24
Answer choices:
A 4(2x + 1)(2x 6)
B 8(2x + 1)(x 3)
C (2x + 1)(2x 6)
D (4x 2 + 2)(x 4)
264
Solution: B
First, well factor out an 8, because its a common factor between each of the three terms.
16x 2 40x 24
8 (2x 2 5x 3)
The only factors of 2 are 2 and 1, so well have
8(2x )(x )
The only factors of 3 are 3 and 1, which means well have one of the these:
8(2x 3)(x 1) or 8(2x 1)(x 3)
If we multiply the factors as 8(2x 3)(x 1), well need to use 2x and 3x to get to 5x. If
we make both of them negative, then we can get to 5x, but then wed have to have a
positive 3 at the end instead of a negative.
But if we multiply the factors as 8(2x 1)(x 3), well need to use 6x and x to get to 5x,
which we can do by making 6x negative and x positive. Therefore,
8(2x + 1)(x 3)
265
Topic: Factoring, grouping
Question: Factor the polynomial by grouping.
5k k x y + 5pc pcx y
Answer choices:
A (5 + x y)(k pc)
B (5 x y)(k + pc)
C (5 + x y)(pc k)
D (x y 5)(k + pc)
266
Solution: B
Since weve been asked to use grouping to factor the polynomial, we need to look for
terms in the polynomial that have values in common and group them together. Since the
first two terms have a k in common, and the last two terms have a pc in common, well
group the first two terms together separately from the last two terms.
(5k k x y) + (5pc pcx y)
With our terms grouped, we need to look for the greatest common factor in each group. In
this case, those are the values we identified earlier that we used to group the terms
together. Factoring these out of each group separately, we get
k(5 x y) + pc(5 x y)
We always want to factor as completely as possible, which means we need to factor a

(5 x y) out of each term above. Pulling (5 x y) out of each term leaves us with
(5 x y)(k + pc)
This is the correct solution, but it can also be written as (k + pc)(5 x y).
Remember, theres usually multiple ways to group our terms before we factor. We could
have also solved it this way:
(5k + 5pc) + (k x y pcx y)
5(k + pc) x y(k + pc)
(5 x y)(k + pc)
267
x ya 4a + x yb 4b
Answer choices:
A (a + b)(x y 4)
B (a b)(x y + 4)
C (a + b)(x y + 4)
D (a b)(x y 4)
268
Solution: A
terms in the polynomial that have values in common and group them together. Since the
first two terms have an a in common, and the last two terms have a b in common, well
group the first two terms together separately from the last two terms.
x ya 4a + x yb 4b
(x ya 4a) + (x yb 4b)
a(x y 4) + b(x y 4)
We always want to factor as completely as possible, which means we need to factor a

(x y 4) out of each term above. Pulling (x y 4) out of each term leaves us with
(x y 4)(a + b)
This is the correct solution, but it can also be written as (a + b)(x y 4).
Remember, theres usually multiple ways to group our terms before we factor. We could
have also solved it this way:
x ya 4a + x yb 4b
(x ya + x yb) + (4a 4b)
x y(a + b) 4(a + b)
(a + b)(x y 4)
269
12ah x + 6ak x + 12bch x + 6bck x + 4ahy + 2ak y + 4bchy + 2bck y
Answer choices:
A (bc a)(k 2h)(2y 6x)
B (a + bc)(2h k)(6x + 2y)
C (a bc)(2h k)(6x 2y)
D (a + bc)(2h + k)(6x + 2y)
270
Solution: D
terms in the polynomial that have values in common and group them together. For this
polynomial, lets group together the terms with an a, separately from the terms with a bc.
12ah x + 6ak x + 12bch x + 6bck x + 4ahy + 2ak y + 4bchy + 2bck y
(12ah x + 6ak x + 4ahy + 2ak y) + (12bch x + 6bck x + 4bchy + 2bck y)
a(12h x + 6k x + 4hy + 2k y) + bc(12h x + 6k x + 4hy + 2k y)
(a + bc)(12h x + 6k x + 4hy + 2k y)
Within (12h x + 6k x + 4hy + 2k y), we can group together terms with an x separately from
terms with a y, and then pull out the greatest common factor.
(a + bc)[(12h x + 6k x) + (4hy + 2k y)]
(a + bc)[6x(2h + k) + 2y(2h + k)]
(a + bc)[(6x + 2y)(2h + k)]
(a + bc)(2h + k)(6x + 2y)
This is the correct solution, but there are several other ways we could have grouped the
terms together, all of which will result in the same answer.
271
Topic: Factoring, dierence of two squares
Question: Factor the polynomial.
x2 4
Answer choices:
A x+2
B (x + 2)(x 2)
C (x + 2)(x + 2)
D (x 2)(x 2)
272
Solution: B
We know were dealing with the dierence of squares because we have two perfect
squares separated by subtraction.
When thats the case, we take the square root of each term.
The square root of x 2 is x
The square root of 4 is 2
Therefore, well set up our factoring as
(x 2)(x 2)
Then we just put a + sign in one factor and a sign in the other.
(x + 2)(x 2)
273
Topic: Factoring, dierence of two cubes
x 3 64m 6r 9
Answer choices:
(x + 4m r ) (x + 4m r x)
2 3 2 2 3
A
B (x + 4m) (x 4m x + r 3)
(x 4m r ) (x 4m r x 16m r )
2 3 2 2 3 4 6
C
(x 4m r ) (x + 4m r x + 16m r )
2 3 2 2 3 4 6
D
274
Solution: D
We know were dealing with the dierence of cubes because we have two perfect cubes
separated by subtraction.
When thats the case, we take the cube (third) root of each term.
The cube root of x 3 is x
The cube root of 64m 6r 9 is 4m 2r 3
The dierence of cubes a 3 b 3 is always factored as
(a b)(a 2 + ab + b 2)
Since, in this case, a = x and b = 4m 2r 3, we get
(x 4m r ) [x + x (4m r ) + (4m r ) ]
2 3 2 2 3 2 3 2
(x 4m r ) (x + 4m r x + 16m r )
2 3 2 2 3 4 6
275
Topic: Factoring, sum of two cubes
64x 9y 18 + 8r 3
Answer choices:
A 8 (2x 3y 6 r) (4x 6y 12 2rx 3y 6)
B 8 (2x 3y 6 + r) (4x 6y 12 2rx 3y 6 + r 2)
(4x y + 2r) (16x y 8rx y + 4r )

3 6 6 12 3 6 2
C
(4x y 2r) (16x y + 8rx y + 4r )

3 6 6 12 3 6 2
D
276
Solution: B
We know were dealing with the sum of cubes because we have two perfect cubes
separated by addition.
When thats the case, we take the cube (third) root of each term.
The cube root of 64x 9y 18 is 4x 3y 6
The cube root of 8r 3 is 2r
The sum of cubes a 3 + b 3 is always factored as
(a + b)(a 2 ab + b 2)
Since, in this case, a = 4x 3y 6 and b = 2r, we get
(4x y + 2r) [(4x y ) (4x y )(2r) + (2r) ]

3 6 3 6 2
3 6 2
(4x y + 2r) (16x y 8rx y + 4r )

3 6 6 12 3 6 2
2 (2x 3y 6 + r) (16x 6y 12 8rx 3y 6 + 4r 2)
2 (2x 3y 6 + r) 4 (4x 6y 12 2rx 3y 6 + r 2)
8 (2x 3y 6 + r) (4x 6y 12 2rx 3y 6 + r 2)
277
Topic: Zero theorem
x 2 + 3x 4 = 0
Answer choices:
A x = 4, 1
B x = 1, 4
C x = 4, 1
D x = 1, 4
278
Solution: C
Well factor the left-hand side.
x 2 + 3x 4 = 0
(x + 4)(x 1) = 0
Zero theorem tells us that, in order for the left-hand side to be equal to 0, one or both of
the factors must be 0. Therefore, we can say
x + 4 = 0 or x1=0
x + 4 4 = 0 4 or x1+1=0+1
x = 4 or x=1
279
Topic: Zero theorem
x 2 5x 6 = 0
Answer choices:
A x = 2, 3
B x = 1, 6
C x = 6, 1
D x = 3, 2
280
Solution: B
x 2 5x 6 = 0
(x 6)(x + 1) = 0
x 6 = 0 or x+1=0
x 6 + 6 = 0 + 6 or x+11=01
x = 6 or x =1
281
Topic: Zero theorem
x 2 18 = 3x
Answer choices:
A x = 6, 3
B x = 3, 6
C x = 8, 4
D x = 4, 9
282
Solution: B
Well move all of the terms to one side of the equal sign, putting them in descending order
of exponent.
x 2 18 = 3x
x 2 3x 18 = 0
Then well factor the left-hand side.
(x 6)(x + 3) = 0
x 6 = 0 or x+3=0
x 6 + 6 = 0 + 6 or x+33=03
x = 6 or x =3
283
Topic: Zero theorem
3x 2 x 2 = 0
Answer choices:
2
A x= ,1
3
2
B x= , 1
3
2
C x = , 1
3
2
D x= ,1
3
284
Solution: D
3x 2 x 2 = 0
(3x + 2)(x 1) = 0
3x + 2 = 0 or x1=0
3x + 2 2 = 0 2 or x1+1=0+1
3x = 2 or x=1
3x 2
=
3 3
2
x=
3
285
Topic: Completing the square
Question: Complete the square to solve for the variable.
x 2 + 4x + 2 = 0
Answer choices:
A x =2 2
B x =2 2
C x =2 3
D x =2 3
286
Solution: A
Whenever we cant factor the equation (we cant factor this one), we can either use the
quadratic formula or the method of completing the square. Since weve been asked to
complete the square, well choose that method.
Well take the coecient on the first-degree term, 4, and divide it by 2.
4
=2
2
Now well take that result and square it.
(2)2 = 4
This is the value we have to add to the first two terms on the left in order to complete the
square. Since well be adding 4 to the left, well have to also add 4 to the right in order to
keep the equation balanced.
(x + 4x + 4) + 2 = 0 + 4
2
(x + 4x + 4) + 2 = 4
2
(x + 4x + 4) + 2 2 = 4 2
2
x 2 + 4x + 4 = 2
Now we can factor the left-hand side as a perfect square.
(x + 2)(x + 2) = 2
(x + 2)2 = 2
(x + 2)2 = 2
x+2= 2
x+22= 22
287
x =2 2
We cant reduce 2 at all, so the roots of our equation are
x =2+ 2 and x =2 2
288
Topic: Completing the square
Question: Complete the square to solve for the variable.
u 3 4u 2 + 3u = 0
Answer choices:
A u = 0, 1, 3
B u = 1, 3
C u = 0, 1, 3
D u = 0, 1, 3
289
Solution: C
We can factor this quadratic equation directly as,
u 3 4u 2 + 3u = 0
u (u 2 4u + 3) = 0
u (u 3) (u 1) = 0
u = 0 or u 3 = 0 or u1=0
u = 3 u=1
but since weve been asked to complete the square to find the solutions, well solve it that
way.
We have to first factor out a u so that we can get a standard quadratic equation.
u 3 4u 2 + 3u = 0
u (u 2 4u + 3) = 0
Well take the coecient on the first-degree term, 4, and divide it by 2.
4
=2
2
Now well take that result and square it.
(2)2 = 4
This is the value we have to add to the first two terms inside the parentheses in order to
complete the square. Since well be adding 4 to the left, well have to also add 4 to the
right in order to keep the equation balanced. But be careful here. If we add 4 inside the
parentheses, that 4 is actually multiplied by the u outside of the parentheses, so its like
were adding 4u to the left, which means we have to add 4u to the right as well.
u (u 2 4u + 4 + 3) = 0 + 4u
290
u (u 2 4u + 4) + 3u = 4u
u (u 2 4u + 4) = u
Now we can factor the left-hand side as a perfect square.
u(u 2)(u 2) = u
u(u 2)2 = u
NOTE: Before we divide both sides of the equation by u to get the perfect
square by itself, we have to realize at this point that u = 0 is a solution to the
equation.
(u 2)2 = 1
(u 2)2 = 1
u2=1
u =21
u = 2 + 1 or u =21
u = 3 or u=1
291
Topic: Quadratic formula
Question: Use the quadratic formula to solve for the variable.
3x 2 + 2x 1 = 0
Answer choices:
1
A x= ,1
3
1
B x = 1,
3
1
C x= ,1
3
D x = 2, 3
292
Solution: B
We can factor this quadratic equation directly as,
3x 2 + 2x 1 = 0
(3x 1)(x + 1) = 0
3x 1 = 0 or x+1=0
3x = 1 or x =1
1
x=
3
but since weve been asked to use the quadratic formula to find the solutions, well solve it
with the formula. The quadratic formula is
b b 2 4ac
x= where a x 2 + bx + c = 0
2a
If we compare the standard form of a quadratic equation to the equation weve been given
in this problem, we can say that
a=3
b=2
c =1
Plugging these values into the quadratic formula, we get
(2) (2)2 4(3)(1)

x=
2(3)
2 4 + 12
x=
6
293
2 16
x=
6
2 4
x=
6
2 + 4 2 4
x= or x=
6 6
2 6
x= or x=
6 6
1
x= or x =1
3
294
Topic: Factoring to find a common denominator
Question: Simplify the rational expression.
5x 2
+
x 2 + 5x + 6 x + 2
Answer choices:
5x + 6
A
(x + 2)(x + 3)
8x + 6
B
(x + 2)(x + 3)
7x 2 + 6
C
(x + 2)(x + 3)
7x + 6
D
(x + 2)(x + 3)
295
Solution: D
In order to add the fractions, well have to find a common denominator, which well try to
do by factoring the denominator of the first fraction.
5x 2
+
x 2 + 5x + 6 x + 2
5x 2
+
(x + 2)(x + 3) x + 2
In order to get a common denominator, well have to multiply the second fraction by x + 3.
5x 2 x+3
+
(x + 2)(x + 3) x + 2 x + 3
5x 2(x + 3)
+
(x + 2)(x + 3) (x + 2)(x + 3)
5x + 2(x + 3)
(x + 2)(x + 3)
5x + 2x + 6
(x + 2)(x + 3)
7x + 6
(x + 2)(x + 3)
296
Topic: Domain and range
Question: What is the domain and range of the set?
(3,4)
(4,1)
(5,2)
(7,1)
Answer choices:
A Domain is 3, 4, 5, 7 Range is 1, 2, 4
B Domain is 3, 7 Range is 1, 4
C Domain is 3, 4, 5, 7 Range is 1, 1, 2, 4
D None of these
297
Solution: A
Remember that coordinate points are given in the form (x, y).
Since the domain of a set is all of the x-values, we can say that the domain of this set
includes
3, 4, 5, 7
The range of a set is all of the y-values, so we can say that the range of this set includes
4, 1, 2, 1
We dont need to include the same value more than once, so well list 1 only once, and
rearrange the set so that the values are in ascending order. The range is
1, 2, 4
298
Topic: Testing for functions
Question: Which graph represents a function?
Answer choices:
A C
B D

299
Solution: A
The graph in answer choice A is the only graph that represents a function. We know its a
function because we cant draw a perfectly vertical line that crosses the graph in more
than one place. Therefore, by the vertical line test, the graph represents a function.
On the other hand, we can draw a vertical line that crosses the graphs in answer choices
B, C and D in more than one place. Therefore, those graphs dont represent functions.
300
Topic: Testing for functions
Question: Which of these could represent a function?
Answer choices:
A C
(1,2)
1 4
(1,3) 2 5
3 6
(1,4)
B D
301
Solution: D
Answer choice D is the only picture that could represent a function, because its the only
figure that shows only one unique y-values for every x-value, and therefore is the only set
that would pass the vertical line test.
302
Topic: Sum of functions
Question: Find the sum of the functions.
Find (g + h)(4) if
g(x) = x 2 3x + 1
h(x) = x + 3
Answer choices:
A (g + h)(4) = 6
B (g + h)(4) = 8
C (g + h)(4) = 10
D (g + h)(4) = 12
303
Solution: D
We need to find
(g + h)(4)
which we could rewrite as
g(4) + h(4)
This function notation tells us that we need to evaluate each of the functions at x = 4, and
then add the results together.
For g(4): For h(4):
g(x) = x 2 3x + 1 h(x) = x + 3
g(4) = (4)2 3(4) + 1 h(4) = 4 + 3
g(4) = 16 12 + 1 h(4) = 7
g(4) = 5
Now we can say
(g + h)(4) = g(4) + h(4)
(g + h)(4) = 5 + 7
(g + h)(4) = 12
We could have also added the functions together, and then evaluated the sum of functions
at x = 4.
(g + h)(x) = (x 2 3x + 1) + (x + 3)
(g + h)(x) = x 2 3x + 1 + x + 3
(g + h)(x) = x 2 2x + 4
304
(g + h)(4) = (4)2 2(4) + 4
(g + h)(4) = 16 8 + 4
(g + h)(4) = 12
305
Topic: Product of functions
Question: Find the product of the functions.
Find gh(3) if
g(x) = x 4
h(x) = x + 1
Answer choices:
A gh(3) = 6
B gh(3) = 8
C gh(3) = 12
D gh(3) = 14
306
Solution: D
We need to find
gh(3)
g(3) h(3)
This function notation tells us that we need to evaluate each of the functions at x = 3,
and then multiply the results together.
For g(3): For h(3):
g(x) = x 4 h(x) = x + 1
g(3) = 3 4 h(3) = 3 + 1
g(3) = 7 h(3) = 2
Now we can say
gh(3) = g(3) h(3)
gh(3) = 7 2
gh(3) = 14
We could have also multiplied the functions together, and then evaluated the product of
functions at x = 3.
gh(x) = (x 4)(x + 1)
gh(x) = x 2 + x 4x 4
gh(x) = x 2 3x 4
gh(3) = (3)2 3(3) 4
307
gh(3) = 9 + 9 4
gh(3) = 14
308
Topic: Product of functions
Question: Find the product of the functions.
Find fg(x) if
f (x) = x + 7
g(x) = x 5
Answer choices:
A fg(x) = x 2 + 2x 35
B fg(x) = x 2 2x 35
C fg(x) = x 2 + 2x + 35
D fg(x) = x 2 2x + 35
309
Solution: A
We need to find
fg(x)
f (x) g(x)
This function notation tells us that we need to multiply the functions together.
fg(x) = (x + 7)(x 5)
fg(x) = x 2 5x + 7x 35
fg(x) = x 2 + 2x 35
310
Topic: Trichotomy
Question: Which answer best illustrates the idea of trichotomy?
Answer choices:
A If a = b and b = c then a = c
B If x y, then x < y
C If x > y, then x > y
D x=3
311
Solution: B
Trichotomy is the idea that the relationship between two numbers a and b is always
defined in one of three ways:
a>b
a=b
a<b
Answer choice B illustrates the trichotomy by saying that, if x y and x y, then it must
be true that x < y, because weve removed two of the three options in the trichotomy,
leaving only one option.
312
Topic: Graphing inequalities on a number line
Question: Graph the inequality on the number line.
x>1
Answer choices:
A 2 0 2
B 2 0 2
C 2 0 2
D 2 0 2
313
Solution: A
Since x is everything greater than 1, and the positive direction of the number line extends
out to the right, the ray describing the set must start at 1 and extend out to the right. But
because the inequality does not include x = 1, we draw an open circle around that point.
Then the graph of x > 1 on the number line is
2 0 2
314
x <2
Answer choices:
A 2 0 2
B 2 0 2
C 2 0 2
D 2 0 2
315
Solution: C
Since x is everything less than 2, and the negative direction of the number line extends
out to the left, the ray describing the set must start at 2 and extend out to the left. But
because the inequality does not include x = 2, we draw an open circle around that point.
Then the graph of x < 2 on the number line is
2 0 2
316
x5
Answer choices:
A 5 0 5
B 5 0 5
C 5 0 5
D 5 0 5
317
Solution: A
Since x is everything less than or equal to 5, and the negative direction of the number line
extends out to the left, the ray describing the set must start at 5 and extend out to the left.
Because the inequality includes x = 5, we draw a solid circle at that point.
Then the graph of x 5 on the number line is
5 0 5
318
Topic: Graphing inequalities on a number line, conjunctions
Question: Graph the set on the number line.
x R where | x 4 | 6
Answer choices:
A 2 0 2
B 2 0 2
C 2 0 2
D 2 0 2 4 6 8 10
319
Solution: D
The set is x R where | x 4 | 6. x R means that x is the set of all real numbers, which
means we need to graph all of the real numbers in | x 4 | 6. We need to solve the
inequality weve been given for x.
Remember that, in order to get rid of the absolute value bars, we change the inequality
from
f (x) a
to
a f (x) a
Solving the inequality for x, we get
|x 4| 6
6 x 4 6
6 + 4 x 4 + 4 6 + 4
2 x 10
This result is the conjunction of the two inequalities
2 x and x 10
Which means we need to sketch the line segment between x = 2 and x = 10. Because
the inequality includes x = 2 and x = 10, we draw solid circles at those endpoints.
Then the graph of 2 x 10 on the number line is
2 0 2 4 6 8 10
320
Topic: Graphing linear inequalities
Question: Graph the linear inequality on a cartesian coordinate system.
y>2
Answer choices:
A C
B D

321
Solution: C
Since were looking for all of the space where y is greater than 2, we need to find the line
y = 2 and shade in everything above it.
Because the inequality is y > 2 and not y 2, we have to make sure we do a dashed or
dotted line at y = 2 to indicate that the line is not included in the graph of the inequality.
322
y 2x + 1
Answer choices:
A C

B D

323
Solution: A
Since were looking for all of the space where y is greater than or equal to 2x + 1, we
need to find the line y = 2x + 1 and shade in everything above it.
Because the inequality is y 2x + 1 and not y > 2x + 1, we have to make sure we do a

solid line at y = 2x + 1 to indicate that the line is included in the graph of the inequality.
324
y 2x + 4
Answer choices:
A C
B D
325
Solution: D
Since were looking for all of the space where y is less than or equal to 2x + 4, we need to
find the line y = 2x + 4 and shade in everything above it.
Because the inequality is y 2x + 4 and not y < 2x + 4, we have to make sure we do a

solid line at y = 2x + 4 to indicate that the line is included in the graph of the inequality.
326
Topic: Average
Question: Find the overall average of the test scores and round to the nearest whole
number.
3 students score 80 %
2 students score 90 %
1 student scores 100 %
Answer choices:
A 90 %
B 88 %
C 87 %
D 84 %
327
Solution: C
Based on the number of students with each score, the set of all test scores is
{80,80,80,90,90,100}
We need to add all of these together and divide by the total number of test scores.
80 + 80 + 80 + 90 + 90 + 100
3+2+1
3(80) + 2(90) + 100

6
240 + 180 + 100

6
520
6
260
3
87 %
328
Topic: Average
Question: Find the average of the set.
5, 7, 3, 10, 6, 5, 4
Answer choices:
A 5.72
B 5.71
C 5.8
D 5
329
Solution: B
We need to add all of the values in the set together and divide by the total number of
values in the set.
5 + 7 + 3 + 10 + 6 + 5 + 4
7
40
7
5.71
330
Topic: Mode, median, mean, range
Question: Find the mean of the set.
{2,3,5,3,8,9,10}
Answer choices:
A 8
B 4.5
C 5.71
D 1.2
331
Solution: C
To find the mean, or average of the set, well find the sum of the set, and then divide the
sum by the number of values in the set.
2 + 3 + 5 + 3 + 8 + 9 + 10
7
40
7
5.71
The question doesnt ask us to, but we can also find the
mode: 3, because it occurs more than any other value in the set
median: 5, because its the middle value when we arrange the values in ascending
order
range: 8, because the largest value minus the smallest value is 10 2 = 8
332
Topic: Probability
Question: Find the probability.
A dice is tossed twice. What is the probability that it will land on 5 both times?
Answer choices:
1
A
6
1
B
12
1
C
36
1
D
5
333
Solution: C
There are six possible outcomes when we toss the dice once. We all want one of those
outcomes to occur, so the probability of getting a 5 on the first toss is
1
6
The probability is the same for the second toss, so the probability that we get a 5 both
times is
1 1

6 6
1
36
334
Topic: Permutations
Question: Find the number of permutations.
4!
Answer choices:
A 12
B 8
C 54
D 24
335
Solution: D
The number of permutations is given by 4!, which is
4321
12 2 1
24 1
24
336
Topic: Box and whisker plots
Question: Choose the box and whisker plot of the set.
{5,6,8,10,12}
Answer choices:
A 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
B 0 1 2 3 4 5
C 0 5 10 15
D 0 5 10 15
337
Solution: A
Our set is already arranged in ascending order, so we can identify the median (the middle
number, or the average of the two middle numbers) as 8.
The median between the middle of the set and the first number in the set is 6.
The median between the middle of the set and the last number in the set is 10.
Therefore, the box is defined from 6 to 10, with a line in the middle at 8.
The whiskers will extend from the ends of the box to the smallest and largest value in the
set, 5 and 12.
338
Topic: Commission
Question: How much is the commission?
If a car salesman makes a 2 % commission on every sale, how much does he

make when he sells a $10,000 car?
Answer choices:
A $200
B $2,000
C $100
D $1,000
339
Solution: A
To find the salesmans commission, we multiply the sale price by the percentage.
$10,000 2 %
$10,000 0.02
$200
340
Topic: Interest
Question: How much is in the account?
If you deposit $100 into a savings account that earns 10 % simple interest, how
much is in the account after 3 years.
Answer choices:
A $110
B $120
C $100
D $130
341
Solution: D
First, we need to find the interest earned in one year, by multiplying the initial amount by
the interest rate.
$100 10 %
$100 0.1
$10
Because the account earns simple interest, that means the interest doesnt compound,
and the same interest is earned each year. Since were looking for the account balance
after three years, we add the principal amount to 3 years times the annual interest.
$100 + 3($10)
$100 + $30
$130
342
Topic: Symbols of inclusion
2 [(5 2) + 6] (10 3)
Answer choices:
A 10
B 11
C 13
D 2
343
Solution: B
P Parentheses
2 [(5 2) + 6] (10 3)
2(3 + 6) 7
2(9) 7
E Exponents
M Multiplication
18 7
D Division
A Addition
S Subtraction
11
344
Topic: Stem and leaf plot
Question: Choose the stem and leaf plot of the set.
{21,27,15,17,33,38}
Answer choices:
A Stem Leaf C Stem Leaf
1 5,7 5 1
2 1,7 7 1
3 3,8 1 2
3 3
8 3
B Stem Leaf D Stem Leaf
2 7,8 1 2,1
1 1,2 2 7,1
3 1,1
345
Solution: A
First, arrange the set in ascending order.
{21,27,15,17,33,38}
{15,17,21,27,33,38}
Then we take the tens digit from each value, and make each of those unique digits a stem.
From 15 and 17, take 1
Stem Leaf
Then we take the units digit from each value, and make each one a leaf on its stem.
From 15 and 17, take 5 and 7
Stem Leaf
1 5,7
2 1,7
3 3,8
346

Algebra Quizzes PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Algebra Quizzes PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Algebra

Question: Which of these is the associative property?

a(b + c) = ab + ac Distributive property

Question: Which of these is the commutative property?

Question: Use transitive property to solve for the variable.

Weve also been told that y = 4z + 2, so we can say

Question: Which of these represents the distributive property?

Question: Use the distributive property to expand the expression.

Question: Use the distributive property to expand the expression.

Question: Use the distributive property to expand the expression.

3x(x) + 3x(6) + 6(x) + 6(6)

Question: Which of these is multiplication?

All of the answer choices represent multiplication.

Question: Simplify the expression.

[(5 4)3 + 2(6 4)] + 2

PEMDAS and order of operations tells us that we have to do

[(5 4)3 + 2(6 4)] + 2

Question: Use order of operations to simplify the expression.

PEMDAS and order of operations tells us that we have to do

Question: Use order of operations to simplify the expression.

PEMDAS and order of operations tells us that we have to do

Question: Use order of operations to simplify the expression.

Since there are no exponents, well do multiplication next.

Question: Choose an equal value.

Answer choice A simplifies to

which is not equal to x. Answer choice C simplifies to

Question: Simplify the expression.

Question: Simplify the expression.

We can rewrite the expression as

Question: Simplify the expression.

(2x + 7x + 10x) + (4x 2 + 6x 2)

Then well do the addition.

Question: Simplify the expression.

Then well do the addition.

Question: Simplify the expression.

We can rewrite the expression as

Question: Simplify the expression.

Now we just add like terms together.

Question: Simplify the expression.

First, well expand the numerator.

Question: Reduce the fraction to its lowest terms.

Next, well factor an a out of each term and cancel it.

Finally, well factor a b out of each term and cancel it.

Question: Simplify the expression.

If we list the factors of each denominator, we get

Question: Simplify the expression.

If we list the factors of each denominator, we get

Question: Simplify the expression.

Question: Simplify the expression.

We have to rewrite the given fraction.

Question: Simplify the expression.

Question: Solve for the variable.

Well cross multiply.

Now we can simplify by multiplying the fractions together.

Question: Simplify the expression.

Whenever we have a fraction division problem, we want to turn it into a multiplication

Question: Simplify the expression.

First, we need to realize that the expression

Question: Simplify the expression.

First, we need to realize that the expression

Question: Simplify the expression.

First, well deal with the negative exponents.

Now well just multiply the fractions together.