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Q.I (A) Choose the correct alternatives and rewrite the complete sentences :
*1. The device used for producing current is called a ..................... .
(a) voltmeter (b) ammeter
(c) galvanometer (d) generator
*2. At the time of short circuit, the current in the circuit ..................... .
(a) increases (b) decreases
(c) remains (d) increases in steps
*3. The direction of the magnetic field around a straight conductor carrying
current is given by ..................... .
(a) right hand rule (b) Flemings left hand rule
(c) Flemings right hand rule (d) non of these
4. The relation between electricity and magnetism was first established by
..................... .
(a) Ohm (b) Ampere
(c) Oersted (d) Moseley
5. The region around magnet is called as .............. .
(a) magnetic Area (b) magnetic field
(c) magnetic loop (d) magnetism
6. Oersted proved that when current passes through a conducting wire it
produces ..................... .
(a) charge (b) current
(c) magnetic field (d) potential difference
7. The relative strength of magnetic field is shown by ..................... .
(a) degree of closeness of field lines
(b) optical lines
(c) current flowing
(d) potential difference
8. The magnetic field produced at centre of circular wire is inversely
proportional to ..................... .
(a) magnitude of current (b) radius of circular wire
(c) resistance of wire (d) time for which current is passed
9. Solenoid has properties similar to ..................... .
(a) magnet (b) resistance
(c) electric motor (d) optical instruments
10. The magnetic field in solenoid depends on ..................... .
(a) current and number of turns per unit length
(b) current only
(c) Number of turn per unit length
(d) material
11. In India, the frequency of A.C is ..................... cycles per second.
(a) 50 (b) 100
(c) 60 (d) none
12. The magnetic field produced at centre of circular wire is directly proportional
to ..................... .
(a) magnitude of current passing through it
(b) radius of the loop
(c) resistance of wire
(d) time for which the current passes through it.
13. The non-oscillating current is called as ..................... .
(a) A.C. (b) D.C.
(c) electric current (d) non-oscillating current
14. The ..................... at any point on the magnetic lines of force gives the
direction of the magnetic field at that point.
(a) tangent (b) circle
(c) radius (d) chord
SCHOOL SECTION 107
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY MT EDUCARE LTD.
Answers :
1. generator 2. increases
3. right hand rule 4. Oersted
5. magnetic field 6. magnetic field
7. degree of closeness of field lines 8. radius of circular wire
9. magnet 10. current and number of turns per
unit length
11. 50 12. magnitude of current passing
through it
13. D.C. 14. tangent
15. Nipermag 16. Alnico
17. electric current 18. electromagnetic induction
19. short circuiting 20. Overloading
108 SCHOOL SECTION
MT EDUCARE LTD. SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
2. Column I Column II
(i) Solenoid (a) Magnetic effect of current
(ii) Magnetic lines of force (b) Direction of current and magnetic field
(iii) Hans Oersted (c) Behaves like a magnet
(iv) Right hand rule (d) Never intersect
(e) Electric motor
Ans. (i - c), (ii - d), (iii - a), (iv - b).
3. Column I Column II
(i) Earthing (a) Electric motor
(ii) Overloading (b) Electric generator
(iii) Magnetic force (c) Prevents shocks
(iv) Magnetic induction (d) Electric geyser
(e) Flow of high current
Ans. (i - c), (ii - e), (iii - a), (iv - b).
Q.I (C) State whether the following statements are true or false. If false
write the corrected statement :
*1. Magnetic poles exists in pairs.
Ans. True.
*2. Magnetic field increase as we go away from a magnet.
Ans. False. Magnetic field decreases as we go away from a magnet.
*3. Magnetic lines of force always cross each other.
Ans. False. Magnetic lines of force never cross each other.
*4. Electric generator is used to generate current.
Ans. True.
5. The magnetic field of solenoid has few properties similar to bar magnet.
Ans. False. The magnetic field of solenoid has all properties similar to bar magnet.
6. The direct current always flows in one direction.
Ans. True.
7. Direct current is used for long distance transportation of electricity.
Ans. False. A.C. is used for long distance transportation of electricity.
8. Water should be used in electrical fire.
Ans. False. Water should not be used in electrical fire.
9. If there is fire caused by sparking, the main switch should be switched off
immediately.
Ans. True.
10. Magnetic lines of force start from south pole and ends on south pole.
Ans. False. Magnetic lines of force start from north pole and ends on south
pole.
SCHOOL SECTION 109
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY MT EDUCARE LTD.
Magnetic field
Magnetic
field
Forefinger
Current
Motion of
Middle finger the conduction
Current
Stretch the forefinger, the central finger and the thumb of you left hand
mutually perpendicular to each other. If the forefinger shows the direction
of the field and the central finger shows the direction of the current, then
the thumb will point towards the direction of the motion of the conductor.
*3. Flemings right hand rule.
Ans.
Motion of the Thumb
conductor
Magnetic field
Magnetic
field
Forefinger
Induced
current
Motion of the Middle finger
conduction Induced
current
Stretch the thumb, forefinger and middle finger of the right hand so that
they are perpendicular to each other. It the forefinger indicates the
direction of the magnetic field and the thumb shows the direction of the
motion of conductor, the middle finger will show the direction of induced
current.
3. It may also cause fire. Hence we should not use many electrical
appliances simultaneously.
*3. Alloys like alnico or nipermag are used in industry.
Ans. 1. Alloys like alnico or nipermag are very hard and are used in the
production of permanent magnet.
2. Nipermag is an alloy of iron, nickel aluminium and titanium. Alnico is
aluminium, nickel and cobalt alloy of iron.
3. Permanent magnet of such alloys are used in microphones,
loudspeakers, electric clocks and many other devices like ammeter,
voltmeter and speedometer.
*4. A magnetic crane is used to load and transport scrap iron.
Ans. 1. A magnetic crane consist of a magnetic disc to which all scrap and
loose iron material get attracted.
2. Magnetism is induced in the disc, as it is not feasible to create a
permanent magnet of such a big size and store such a big magnet.
3. Hence magnetic crane is used to load and transport scrap iron.
5. Most of the electrical appliances need earthing.
Ans. 1. Earthing connects the metallic body of electrical appliances deep inside
the earth.
2. In case the appliance is faulty, the live wire comes in contact with the
metal body of the appliances.
3. Due to earthing the current flowing through the metal body passes to
earth and the user handling the device does not get shock. Therefore
most of the electrical appliances having a metallic body need earthing.
6. In rainy season, we should not touch the wall of building.
Ans. 1. In rainy season, the wall of building becomes wet due to rain.
2. If bare wire comes in contact with such wet wall, electric current
begins to flow through the wall.
3. A person touching the wall gets severe shock. Therefore in rainy season,
we should not touch the wall of building.
7. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used to study the body of patients.
Ans. 1. Electric current produces magnetic field even if the current is very
weak.
2. If we touch something, our nerves carry an electrical impulse to the
muscles we need to use. This produces weak magnetic field.
3. This forms the basis of obtaining images of heart and brain or images of
different parts of the body.
4. This principle is used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
8. During a short-circuit, the circuit catches fire.
Ans. 1. During a short-circuit, the resistance of the circuit becomes very small
and hence, huge amount of current flows through it.
2. This produces a large amount of heat and raises the temperature.
3. As a result, the circuit catches fire.
Current Restoring
spring
*9. Observe the figure. If the current in the coil A is changed, will some
current be induced in the coil B ? Explain.
Ans.
A B
G
+
Earth wire
Live wire
Neutral wire 220 V
Electricity Electricity
boards fuse meter
Distribution box
containing
main switch and
fuses for each circuit
N S
+
P
N S
S N
+
K
5. Electric motor.
Ans. Iron core
B C
N S
A D
R1 R2
B1 B2
Battery
Earth wire
Live wire
Neutral wire 220 V
Electricity Electricity
boards fuse meter
Distribution box
containing
main switch and
fuses for each circuit
N S
A D
R1 R2
B1 B2
Battery
N S
A D
B1
R1
G
B2
R2
Armature, strong magnets and brushes are the same as used for electric
motors.
3. Slip rings : The two ends of the armature coil are connected to two
brass slip rings R1 and R2. These rings rotate along with the armature
coil.
Working :
(a) When the armature coil ABCD rotates in the magnetic field provided
by the strong magnets, it cuts the magnetic lines of forces.
(b) Thus the changing magnetic field produces induced current in the
coil. The direction of induced current is determined by the Flemings
right hand rule.
(c) The current flows out through the brush B1 in one direction in the
first half of the revolution and through the brush B2 in the next
half revolution in the reverse direction, this process is repeated.
(d) Therefore, the induced current produced is of alternating nature.
Such a current is called as alternating current.
3. Give the construction and working of D.C. generator or Dynamo.
Ans.
Iron core
B C
N S
A D
R1 R2
B1 B2
ACTIVITY : 5.1
ACTIVITY : 5.2
ACTIVITY : 5.3
ACTIVITY : 5.4
ACTIVITY : 5.5
ACTIVITY : 5.6
ACTIVITY : 5.7
ACTIVITY : 5.8
ACTIVITY : 5.9
ACTIVITY : 5.10
ACTIVITY : 5.11
A B
G
+
(a) If the value of resistance is changed in the first circuit what effect
would be observed in (i) coil B (ii) in galvanometer ?
(b) If the terminals of battery are reversed what change would you
observe in galvanometer ?
Ans. (a) When the value of resistance is changed in the 1st circuit there will be
a change in (i) the induced current in the coil B.
(b) If the terminals of battery are reversed the galvanometer will show
deflection in the opposite direction.
124 SCHOOL SECTION
S.S.C. Marks : 30
Q.I [A] Choose the correct alternatives and rewrite the complete 4
sentences :
1. Electro-magnetic induction was first studied by ....................... .
(a) Ampere (b) Faraday
(c) Oersted (d) Joule
2. ....................... is aluminium-nickel-cobalt alloy.
(a) Alnico (b) Tin
(c) Nichrome (d) Nipermag
3. The direction of the magnetic field around a straight conductor
carrying current is given by ....................... .
(a) Right hand rule (b) Flemings left hand rule
(c) Flemings right hand rule (d) None of these
4. The ....................... at any point on the magnetic lines of force gives
the direction of the magnetic field at that point.
(a) tangent (b) circle
(c) radius (d) chord
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