[Ree No] | [| MANIPAL UNIVERSITY BDS PHASE-I YEAR-2 DEGREE EXAMINATION - SEPTEMBER 2015 SUBJECT: MICROBIOLOGY - I (ESSAY) Wednesday, September 09, 2015 Time: 09:30 ~ 11:00 Hrs. Max. Marks: 40 Explain the mechanism of autoimmunity with examples, (5 marks) Draw a labelled diagram of the bacterial cell, State the significance of bacterial pili. (4+1 = 5 marks) ‘A.35 year old man reported to the medicine OPD with complaints of non-productive cough, coryza, severe myalgia and respiratory distress. The physician suspected a respiratory viral infection and requested for investigations. PCR performed with nasal secretions was positive for a segmented RNA virus which is known to cause pandemics Deseribe the pathogenesis of the causative agent with an emphasis on the mechanism involved in causing pandemics. (5 marks) List any TWO organisms associated with dental plaque. Discuss the pathogenesis of dental caries. (1+4=5 marks) Describe the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 infection, (3+2 = 5 marks) Describe the pathogenesis of poliomyelitis and mention the immune-prophylactic measures employed. (342 = 5 marks) Enumerate malarial parasites and describe the laboratory diagnosis of malaria. (243 = 5 marks) Describe the factors which predispose patients to hospital acquired infections, State the significance of MRSA in hospital acquired infections, (+2 =5 marks) Page 1 of 1Reg No MANIPAL UNIVERSITY BDS PHASE-I YEAR-2 DEGREE EXAMINATION — SEPTEMBER 2015 SUBJECT: MICROBIOLOGY - II (MCQs) Wednesday, September 09, 2015 Time: 11:30 — 12:00 Hrs. Max. Marks: 60 INSTRUCTIONS Leave blank for Don’t Know response. Scoring systems is as follows: wRene For every Correct response For every Wrong response For every Don’t Know response ees you has all the pages. For each statement, select T (True) or F (False) as your choice. Indicate your choice by darkening the appropriate circle in the answer sheet provided, Use only HB or 2B pencils to darken the circle. 1 mark is awarded 0.5 mark is deducted No mark is deducted Indicate your roll number (Registration Number) clearly and correctly. Do not write anything in the question paper. ‘The true/false statements are numbered 101 to 160 (Total 60 statements). This question paper contains 02 pages. Please make sure that the question paper provided to Following pairs correctly match the fungi with its morphological type 101. Candida albicans : Yeast 102. Sporothrix schenckii : Dimorphic 103. Aspergillus fumigatus: Yeast like 104, Trichophyton rubrum : Mold Humoral immune response 105. Is mediated by antibodies 106. Is responsible for pathogenesis of type IV hypersensitivity 107.Plays a role in the defense against extracellular bacteria 108. Is a form of innate immunity Tg 109, Exists as a dimer in secretions 110. Crosses the placenta 111. Fixes the complement 112. Is associated with local immunity Bacterial flagella 113. Originates from the cell wall 114. Is antigenic 115. Is demonstrated by negative staining 116.Arranged around the cell is called lophotrichous Bacterial conjugation 117.Is the mechanism of genetic transfer within the bacteria 118. Is plasmid mediated 119. Results in toxin production in Corynebacterium diphtheriae 120. Confers antibiotic resistance in bacteria Rabies 121. Virus exhibits latency in the neurons 122. Results due to the inhibition of acetyl choline release at the neuromuscular junction 123. Vaccine of neural origin complicates to encephalomyelitis Page | of 2Cryptococcus neoformans 124, Primary infection occurs in the lung 125. Has a polypeptide capsule 126. Meningitis is diagnosed using the detection of capsular antigen Tetanus 127. Is caused by a gram negative bacillus 128. Manifests as trismus 129. 1s diagnosed in the laboratory by Elek’s test Staphylococcus aureus 130. Produces coagulase that breaks fibrin 131. Causing scalded skin syndrome produces exfoliatin 132. Produces beta haemolytic colonies on blood agar Gas gangrene 133. Is caused by Clostridium perftingens 134, Causative agent produces lecithinase 135. Is diagnosed by the demonstration of gram positive bacilli with spores from necrotized tissue Diphtheria 136. Toxin inhibits elongation factor 2 137.Is characterised by the formation of pseudomembrane 138. Is prevented by a live attenuated vaccine Tuberculosis 139. Is characterized by caseation in the lungs 140. Complicates to aseptic meningitis 141, Causing agent is microaerophilic Measles 142. Is caused by a DNA virus 143, Manifests as koplik’s spots in the buccal mucosa 144. Complicates to panencephalitis subacute sclerosing Hepatitis B virus 145. Is a defective virus 146. Is transmitted through blood products 147. HBc Ag is associated with transmissibility Vibrio cholerae 148. Is a spore forming bacillus 149. Requires alkaline pH for its growth 150, Produces non-lactose fermenting colonies ) on MacConkey’s agar Neisseria gonorrhoeae 151. Is a gram positive diplococcus 152, Has pili as a virulence factor 153, Has Cary-Blair as its transport medium 154, Infection in males complicates to urethral strictures 155. Is isolated using Thayer Martin medium Leptospirosis 156, In humans is caused by Leptospira biflexa 157. Is transmitted by the bite of Aedes aegypti 158. Induces serovar specific immunity 159. Causative agent is isolated using EMJH } medium 160. Is diagnosed using micro-agglutination test Page 2 of 2Reg. No.] | I - MANIPAL UNIVERSITY BDS PHASE-I YEAR-2 DEGREE EXAMINATION ~ SEPTEMBER 2015 SUBJECT: PHARMACOLOGY ~ I (ESSAY) Monday, September 07, 2015 Time: 09:30 - 11:00 Hrs. ‘Max. Marks: 40 S 1 1A. 1B, 2A. 2B. 3A 3B. 3c. 3D. 3B, 4A, 4B. 4C. 4D. 5A. SB. SC. 6A. 6B. 6C, 6D. Answer ALL the questions. Describe the following terms with suitable example: Disinfectant Zero order kinetics (2+2 = 4 marks) List two oxidizing agents and explain the role of any one of them in dentistry. Explain the antiemetic action of metoclopramide, (242 =4 marks) Describe the mechanism of action of the following groups/drugs: Obtundents Opioid analgesics Sueeinylcholine Isoniazid Warfarin (2 marks x 5 = 10 marks) Explain the pharmacological basis for the following: Fluoride is used in dental caries Aspirin is contraindicated in patients with peptic ulcer Bromhexine is used in productive cough Glibenclamide is used in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (2 marks x 4 = 8 marks) Describe two benefits and two limitations of combining L-dopa with carbidopa in Parkinson’s disease. List one drug each used to prevent and terminate attack of angina and mention their route of administration. List two loop diuretics and mention their two therapeutic uses. (24242 = 6 marks) Enumerate two drugs belonging to the following groups and mention two therapeutic uses of any one of them: Penicillins Benzodiazepines Second generation Hi antihistaminics Azoles (2 marks x 4=8 marks) SOLOS Page 1 of 1Reg. No.| MANIPAL UNIVERSITY BDS PHASE-I, YEAR-2 DEGREE EXAMINATION ~ SEPTEMBER 2015 SUBJECT: PHARMACOLOGY - II (MCQs) Monday, September 07, 2015 Time: 11:30 12:00 Hrs. STRUCTIONS ‘Max. Marks: 60 1. For each statement, select T (True) or F (False) as your choice. Leave blank for Don't Know response. Scoring systems is as follows: For every Correet response For every Wrong response For every Don’t Know response Use only HB or 2B peneils to darken the circle, Indicate your choice by darkening the appropriate circle in the answer sheet provided, 1 mark is awarded 0.5 mark is deducted No mark is deducted Indicate your roll number (Registration Number) clearly and correctly. The true/false statements are numbered 101 to 160 (Total 60 statements). 6. 7. Do not write anything in the question paper. 8 9. This question paper contains 02 pages. Please make sure that the question paper provided to you has all the pages, Regarding routes of drug administration 101. Oral route is not suitable for drugs with extensive first pass metabolism 102, Drugs do not bypass first-pass metabolism when given sublingually 103. Intravenous route gives 100% bioavailability 104. Drugs can be self-administered through intramuscular route 105, Transdermal administration gives constant plasma concentration of drug, Following factors increase biotransformation of drug 106. Old age 107. Chronic liver disease 108. Co-administration of enzyme inducers Regarding adverse drug reactions (ADR) 109. Already known side considered as ADR 110. ADR that occurs at therapeutic dose is known as toxic effect effects are not 111 ADR seen in pregnant women is known as teratogenicity 112. Anaphylactic shock caused by penicillin is treated with adrenaline 113. Idiosyncrasy is the physician induced ADR Following antimicrobial drugs are correctly matched with the mechanism of action 114, Streptomycin - inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis 115. Erythromycin — inhibits bacterial protein synthesis 116. Ciprofloxacin gyrase enzyme 117, Cefadroxil - interferes with bacterial protein synthesis inhibits bacterial DNA Regarding general anaesthetics 118, Nitrous oxide is administered intravenously 119, Ketamine causes dissociative anesthesia 120, Halothane is a potent analge 121. Thiopentone sodium is long acting Page 1 of 2Following local anesthetic techniques are correctly matched with their purpose in dental practice 122.Field block - to anesthetize mucous ‘membrane before injecting local anesthetic 123, Surface anesthesia - suturing of cut wounds 124, Infiltration anesthesia - abscess drainage 125. Nerve block anesthesia - management of anterior teeth in one quadrant Following drugs acting on autonomic nervous system are correctly matched with their uses 126. Pilocarpine — xerostomia 127, Physostigmine ~ pheochromocytoma 128, Dopamine ~ cardiogenic shock 129, Naphazoline — nasal congestion 130. Phenoxybenzamine ~ glaucoma ‘Regarding the drugs used in bronchial asthma 131, Salbutamol dilates the bronchus 132. Theophylline stimulates beta receptor 133, Sodium cromoglycate is also useful in allergic rhinitis 134, Budesonide causes candidiasis oropharyngeal Adverse effects of angiotensin conve enzyme inhibitors include 135. Hypotension 136, Cough 137, Teratogenicity 138, Proteinuria Chlorpromazine 139, Is an antipsychotic agent 140. Is used in mania 141. Causes perioral tremor Amitriptyline 142. Is used in depression 143, Selectively inhibits serotonin reuptake 144, Causes dryness of mouth Adverse effects of glucocorticoids include 145. Hypoglycemia 146. Peptic uleer 147. Hypotension 148. Osteoporosis Following drugs are correctly matched with their therapeutic uses 149. Calcitonin - Paget’s disease 150. Calcium carbonate - tetany 151. Dimercaprol — iron poisoning 152, Btidronate - osteoporosis Following drugs are correctly matched with the group they belong to 153, Omeprazole - proton pump inhibitor 154, Ticlopidine - antiplatelet agents 155. Streptokinase - antifibrinolytics 156. Heparin ~ thrombolytics Therapeutic uses of acyclovir include 157, Herpes labialis 158, Human immuno deficiency virus infection 159. Chickenpox 160. Influenza A virus infection Page 2 of 2Reg. No.| | MANIPAL UNIVERSITY BDS PHASE-I YEAR-2 DEGREE EXAMINATION - SEPTEMBER 2015 SUBJECT: DENTAL MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY -I (ESSAY) Friday, September 11, 2015 Time: 09:30 - 11:00 Hrs, Max. Marks: 40 1A. 1B, 2A. 2B. 2c. 2D. 4A. 4B. 4C. 4D, ‘What is the significance of wetting when a cast is poured in an impression? Explain how do the following factors affect the wetting of impression by dental plaster: i) Hydrophobic nature of impression fi) Surface energy of impression iii) Contact angle between impression and dental plaster iv) Surface tension of the dental plaster (1+2 = 3 marks) Alginate powder was mixed with warm water using a bow! which had been earlier used for mixing dental plaster. The mix was used to make primary impression. The impression was removed from the mouthslowly, with rocking motion, Dental plaster was mixed with water to which a pinch of table salt had been added and the impression was poured. Explain the difficulties the dentist may encounter due to the following: i) Using warm water to mix alginate fi) Using same bow! to mix alginate and dental plaster What would be the effect on the alginate impression if it is removed slowly, with rocking motion? What is the most likely reason for adding a pinch of table salt to water used for mixing dental plaster? ‘What is the retarder used in alginate impression material? Explain its mode of action, (2414142 = 6 marks) Explain the chemical stages of addition polymerization reaction with example. (5 marks) Give reason for the following: Agate (ceramic) spatula is recommended over stainless steel spatula to mix glass ionomer cements, Composite restorative resin requires primer to bond with dentin but not with enamel, Localized shrinkage porosity of dental casting is usually present just below the sprue attachment or around the hot spot. Manufacturers intentionally convert cohesive direct filling gold to non-cohesive form by applying a volatile agent like ammonia. (2 marks * 4 = 8 marks) Page | of 26A 6B. TA. B. 1C. 8A, 8B. Explain the following aspects of glass ionomer cement: i) Composition of the liquid with funetion of each component ii) Mechanism of bonding to tooth structure iii) Biocompatibility to pulp (2+3+2 =7 marks) What are the different stages of annealing? How are the following properties affected in each stage? i) Tensile strength ii) Ductility (+2 =3 marks) Regarding metal-ceramic restorations, answer the following: Explain any 2 factors affecting the bonding between ceramic and metal core. Name the various types of bond failure. Which type of bond failure is seen when core is made of base metal alloy? (4 marks) Regarding composite restorative material, answer the following Explain the mode of action of coupling agent. Explain four factors affecting the degree of conversion. (2+2=4 marks) Page 2 of 2Reg Nol TT TT I Ee] MANIPAL UNIVERSITY BDS PHASE-I YEAR-2 DEGREE EXAMINATION ~ SEPTEMBER 2015 SUBJECT: DENTAL MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY - II (MCQs) Friday, September 11, 2015 Time: 11:30 ~ 12:00 Hrs. INSTRUCTIONS Max. Marks: 60 1, Foreach statement, select T (True) or F (Palse) as your choice. 2. Indicate your choice by darkening the appropriate circle in the answer sheet provided. 3. Use only HB or 2B pencils to darken the circle. 4, Leave blank for Don’t Know response. 5. Scoring systems is as follows: For every Correet response For every Wrong response For every Don’t Know response mark is awarded 0.5 mark is deducted No mark is deducted 6. Indicate your roll number (Registration Number) clearly and correctly 7. Do not write anything in the question paper. 8. The true/false statements are numbered 101 to 160 (Total 60 statements). 9. This question paper contains 02 pages. Please make sure that the question paper provided to you has all the pages, Factors increasing normal setting expansion of gypsum products are 101. Higher water: powder ratio 102. Longer mixing time 103. Faster mixing 104, Incorporation of balancing agent Following components of addition silicone impression material are correctly matched with their funetion 105. Dimethylsiloxane- Reactive ingredient of catalyst paste 106, Platinum salt- Retarder 107, Palladium - Hydrogen scavenger Higher modulus of elasticity is advantageous for the following materials 108. Elastomeric impression materials 109. Luting cements 110, Removable partial dentures 111, Orthodontic wires used in active appliance Visi le light cure dental composite 112. Shrinks towards light source during polymerizat 113. Contains dimethyl amino ethy! methacrylate as an accelerator 114, Has butylated hydroxytoluene as a retarder 115. Is polymerized effectively in the wave length range of 300 ~ 400 nm Dentures made of heat cure acrylic resin have high 116. Thermal conductivity 117. Coefficient of thermal expansion 118, Impact strength 119. Color stability Insoluble calcium alginate is formed when soluble alginate solution is 120. Exposed to heat 121. Applied on wax 122. Applied on plaster of paris Page 1 of 2Dual cure resin cements can be used 123, To restore class Ill cavity 124. To cement ceramic veneers 125. As a base under composite restoration 126, To cement metal crowns Reason(s) for using unmodified zine oxide ‘eugenol cement for temporary restoration is/ are 127. Obtundant effect on pulp 128, Ease of removal 129, Anti-cariogenic property 130. High compressive strength Compomers differ from composites in following aspects 131. It forms chemical bond with tooth structure 132, Acid-base reaction begins when exposed to light 133. It releases fluoride Following casting defects are correctly ‘matched with their corresponding remedies 134, Suck back porosity - Using porous investment material 135. Localized shrinkage ‘porosity at pontic - Using chill set sprue 136. Micro porosity - Reducing the mold temperature 137, Back pressure porosity - Increasing. the velocity of the molten alloy Primer in 5" generation dentin bonding systems 138. Chemically bonds with adhesive 139. Chemically bonds with collagen 140. Allows adhesive resin to wet the dentin surface 141, Demineralizes the dentin surface Following are the reasons for selecting Cobalt- Chromium alloys for cast removable partial denture 142, Higher density 143, Higher modulus of elasticity 144, Cheaper 145, Stronger Coring in the solid solution alloy 146, Increases its corrosion resistance 147, Is the result of cold working 148, Can be removed by homogenizing annealing Processing methods used for all ceramic restorations include 149, Hot-pressing 150. Compression molding 151. Casting ) 152, Slip-casting Following are the disadvantages of amalgam restoration 153. Microleakage 154, Low compressive strength 155. High thermal diffusivity 156. Wears the opposing natural teeth Gamma 1 (y:) phase present in dental amalgam 157. Contains mainly Ag and Sn 158. Has highest strength 159, Has highest corrosion resistance 160. Lowest creep rate Page 2 of 2