Answer, Key Homework 3 David McIntyre 1

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v=
The due time is Central time. T
Chapters 16 and 17 problems. 2
k=

001 (part 1 of 2) 0 points
A wave moving along the x axis is described f=
2
by
(x+v t)2 Solution: For the propagation speed of a
y(x, t) = A e b
wave we have
where x is in meters and t is in seconds. Given
A = 4 m, v = 5 m/s, and b = 4 m2 . v=
k
Determine the speed of the wave. (9.3 s1 )
Correct answer: 5 m/s. =
(4.9 m1 )
Explanation:
(x+v t)2 = 1.89796 m/s .
y(x, t) = A e b is of the form

y(x, t) = f (x + v t) 004 (part 2 of 5) 2 points

What is the vertical displacement of the string
so it describes a wave moving in the negative
at x0 = 0.063 m, t0 = 1 s?
x direction at
Correct answer: 0.0662675 m.
v = 5 m/s . Explanation:
We can obtain the result if we simply sub-
stitute the values for x and t into y(x, t)
002 (part 2 of 2) 0 points
Determine the direction of the wave. y(x0 , t0 ) = A sin[ t k x + ]
h
= (0.57 m) sin (9.3 s1 ) (1 s)
1. y direction i
1
(4.9 m ) (0.063 m) + (0.55)
2. +y direction = 0.0662675 m .
3. x direction correct
005 (part 3 of 5) 2 points
4. +x direction What is the wavelength?
Explanation: Correct answer: 1.28228 m.
Explanation:
003 (part 1 of 5) 2 points For the wave vector we have
The wave function for a linearly polarized 2
wave on a taut string is k= .

y(x, t) = A sin( t k x + ), Thus
where A = 0.57 m, = 9.3 s1 , k = 4.9 m1 , 2
=
= 0.55, t is in seconds and x and y are in k
meters. 2
=
What is the speed of the wave? (4.9 m1 )
Correct answer: 1.89796 m/s. = 1.28228 m .
 Answer, Key Homework 3 David McIntyre 2
s
855 N
006 (part 4 of 5) 2 points =
0.000205 kg/m
What is the frequency of the wave?
Correct answer: 1.48014 Hz. = 2042.24 m/s .
Explanation:
Since = 2 f , we have

f= 009 (part 2 of 3) 0 points
2 Find the speed at which transverse wave
(9.3 s1 ) pulses travel in the right section.
=
2 Correct answer: 1179.09 m/s.
= 1.48014 Hz . Explanation:
The speed of wave in the right section of
007 (part 5 of 5) 2 points mass per unit length 0 is
What is the maximum magnitude of the
transverse speed of the string? s
Correct answer: 5.301 m/s. F
v2 =
Explanation: 2
Taking derivative of y over t, we find mag-
s
855 N
nitude of the transverse speed of the string: =
0.000615 kg/m
y(x, t)
vy = = 1179.09 m/s .
t
= A cos( t k x + ) .
Thus vy,max assumes its maximum value when
t k x + = 2 n, n = 0, 1, 2, ...; i.e., when 010 (part 3 of 3) 0 points
cos( t k x + ) = 1, so Find the time required for a pulse to travel
from one end of the string to the other.
vy,max = A
Correct answer: 0.00180599 s.
= (0.57 m) (9.3 s1 ) Explanation:
= 5.301 m/s . The time for a pulse traveling through the
string is
008 (part 1 of 3) 0 points
A string of length 2.7 m consists of two sec- L L
t= +
tions. The left half has mass per unit length 2 v1 2 v2
0.000205 kg/m, while the right has a mass per 2.7 m 2.7 m
unit length 0.000615 kg/m. Tension in the = +
2 (2042.24 m/s) 2 (1179.09 m/s)
string is 855 N. Notice from the data given = 0.00180599 s .
that this string has the same total mass as a
uniform string of length 2.7 m and mass per
unit length 0.00041 kg/m.
Find the speed at which transverse wave 011 (part 1 of 5) 2 points
pulses travel in the left section. A sinusoidal wave traveling in the x direc-
Correct answer: 2042.24 m/s. tion (to the left) has an amplitude of 16.7 cm,
Explanation: a wavelength of 15.8 cm and a frequency of
The speed of wave in the left section of mass 14.1 Hz. The displacement of the wave at
per unit length 1 is t = 0 and x = 0 is y = 4.8 cm and has a
s positive velocity here.
F Find the angular wave number of the wave.
v1 =
1 Correct answer: 39.767 rad/m.
 Answer, Key Homework 3 David McIntyre 3

Explanation: which gives the phase constant

For a sinusoidal wave with wavelength
and frequency f , the angular wave number
2 (2) (100)
k= = = 39.767 rad/m .
15.8 cm
012 (part 2 of 5) 2 points
Find the period of the wave.
Correct answer: 0.070922 s.
Explanation:
The period is
1 1
T = = = 0.070922 s .
f 14.1 Hz
013 (part 3 of 5) 2 points
Find the angular frequency of the wave.
Correct answer: 88.5929 rad/s.
Explanation:
The angular frequency is
= 2 f = 2 (14.1 Hz) = 88.5929 rad/s .
014 (part 4 of 5) 2 points
Find the phase velocity of the wave.
Correct answer: 2.2278 m/s.
Explanation:
The phase velocity is
v=f
= (14.1 Hz) (15.8 cm) (0.01 m/cm)
= 2.2278 m/s .
015 (part 5 of 5) 2 points
Find the magnitude of the phase constant of
the wave.
Correct answer: 16.7039 .
Explanation:
A sinusoidal wave traveling in the x di-
rection can be written as
h yi
1
= sin
A
1 (4.8 cm)
= sin
(16.7 cm)
= 16.7039 .
016 (part 1 of 5) 0 points
A sinusoidal wave train is described by
y = (0.25 m) sin (0.3 m1 ) x (40 s1 ) t ,
where x and y are in meters and t is in seconds.
Determine for this wave the amplitude.
Correct answer: 0.25 m.
Explanation:
For a sinusoidal wave described by
y = A sin(k x + t) ,
where its amplitude is A = 0.25 m, angular
wave number k = 0.3 m1 , angular frequency
2
= 40 s1 , wavelength = = 20.944 m
k
and wave speed v = = 133.333 m/s.
k
017 (part 2 of 5) 0 points
Determine for this wave the angular fre-
quency.
Correct answer: 40 s1 .
Explanation:
See Part 1.
018 (part 3 of 5) 0 points
Determine for this wave the wave number.
Correct answer: 0.3 m1 .
Explanation:
See Part 1.
019 (part 4 of 5) 0 points
Determine for this wave the wavelength.
Correct answer: 20.944 m.
Explanation:

y = A sin(k x + t ) , 2
=
k
so at t = 0 and x = 0 we have 2
=
(0.3 m1 )
y = A sin() = 20.944 m .
 Answer, Key Homework 3 David McIntyre 4

Find the speed of this wave.

020 (part 5 of 5) 0 points Correct answer: 69.7857 m/s.
Determine for this wave the wave speed. Explanation:
Correct answer: 133.333 m/s. The speed of the wave is
Explanation:

v=
k
v= 977 rad/s
k =
14 rad/m
(40 s1 )
= = 69.7857 m/s .
(0.3 m1 )
= 133.333 m/s .
023 (part 2 of 3) 0 points
Determine the instantaneous displacement of
021 (part 1 of 1) 10 points
the molecules at the position x = 0.0626 m at
Given: The speed of the lightwaves in air is
t = 3.82 ms.
3 108 m/s. The speed of sound waves in air
Correct answer: 4.40375 m.
is 333 m/s.
Explanation:
What is the time lapse between seeing a
Directly from the formula for the displace-
lightening strike and hearing the thunder if
ment given
the lightening flash is 24 km away?
Correct answer: 72.072 s.
= kxt
Explanation:
The time for the light to travel 24 km is = (14 rad/m)(0.0626 m)
977 rad/s 0.00382 s
d
t1 = . = 2.85574 rad ,
v1
The time for the sound to travel 24 km is therefore
d s = sm cos(k x t)
t2 = .
v2
= 4.59 m cos(2.85574 rad)
Thus, the time lapse is = 4.40375 m .
t = t2 t1

1 1 024 (part 3 of 3) 0 points
=d
v2 v1 Determine the maximum speed of the
= (24 km) molecules oscillatory motion.
Correct answer: 0.00448443 m/s.

1 1
Explanation:
333 m/s 3 108 m/s
= 72.072 s . Differentiating the equation given with re-
spect to time and setting the sin function
equal to 1 (maximum), we obtain for the max-
022 (part 1 of 3) 0 points imum speed (absolute value of the maximum
A sinusoidal sound wave is described by the velocity)
displacement
vmax = sm
s(x, t) = sm cos(kx t) , = (4.59 m)(977 rad/s)
where sm = 4.59 m, k = 14 rad/m, and = 4484.43 m/s
= 977 rad/s. = 0.00448443 m/s .
 Answer, Key Homework 3 David McIntyre 5

(343 m/s) + (193.457 m/s)

025 (part 1 of 2) 5 points 343 m/s
In order to be able to determine her speed, = 4520 Hz .
a skydiver carries a tone generator. A friend
on the ground at the landing site has equip-
ment for receiving and analyzing sound waves.
While the skydiver is falling at terminal speed,
her tone generator emits a steady tone of
1260 Hz.
Assume: The air is calm and that the sound
speed is 343 m/s, independent of altitude.
If her friend on the ground (directly be-
neath the skydiver) receives waves of fre-
quency 2890 Hz, what is the skydivers speed
of descent?
Correct answer: 193.457 m/s.
Explanation:
Since the diver, who is the source of the
sound waves, is moving towards her friend on
the ground, who is the receiver of the waves,
the Doppler formula takes the form
v
fg = f e .
(v vdiver )
So
vdiver fe
1 = .
v fg
Solving for vdiver , we have

fe
vdiver = v 1
fg

(1260 Hz)
= (343 m/s) 1
(2890 Hz)
= 193.457 m/s .

026 (part 2 of 2) 5 points

If the skydiver were also carrying sound-
receiving equipment sensitive enough to de-
tect waves reflected from the ground, what
frequency would she receive?
Correct answer: 4520 Hz.
Explanation:
If the waves are reflected, and the skydiver
is moving towards them, we have

v + vdiver
frec = fg
v
= (2890 Hz)