Mars

-2 small moons
-very thin co2 atmosphere
-cooler
-polar caps contains water and co2

Evidence of life on mars

-seasonal varioations in colour
-could mean vegetation
-polar caps come and go
-means that the climate changes
-atmosphere
Canals
-italian schiaparelli thought he saw water chanels
-he called them canali
-but people thought he meant canals
-thought there was life that created them
-perceival lowell was sure of this
Observing mars
-telescopes
-not very good
-fl by missions
- mariner 1
-in the 60s
-showed that there were no canals
- showed there was a very thin atmosphere
-showed no liquid water
- mariner 9
-1971
- arrive during a dust storm but it waited patiently
- showed olympus mons
-largest mountain in soalr system
-valles marineris
-as big as the US
-not formed by running water
-tetonic movement
-indicates that mars has had tetonic movement
- ancient riverbeds
-means that there was running water at one time
-sand dunes
-polar caps
-faces on mars
-optimisim for life
- volcanoes
-mean there might have been outgassing and a thicker atmosphere
-could have been warmer
-valles marineris
-plate tetonics
 -riverbeds
-could have been water
- Viking Landers
-1976
- test for life
-Life as we know it
- carbon based
-water solvent
-more likely to be small
-5 tests
-take a picture (negative)
-photos were taken through seurat
-finding organic material (negative)
- searching for organic materal with mass spectrometer
-reviving organic material (positive)
-give it CO2 and see if there is any respiration gas going out
- labeled nutrient: give it radioactive food to eat to see if it reapears as
another form
-proof of metabolisim
-showed signs of metabolisim but metabolisim decreased when
more carbon was added
-strange and indicates there is no life
-heat the sample after the experiment to see if any new compounds are
present

11.2 future explorations of mars

-metorite from mars landed on earth
-mars was struck by asteroid long ago
-metorite indicates that there were fossilized
-look like life but probally just minerals
-curosity rover
-2012
- shows evidence that mars had a watery history
-milankovitch theory
-mars goes through 'ice ages' where polar caps freeze/melt
-manned missions to mars
-very costly
-health threaths on astronauts
-health effects when astronauts come back
-terraforming mars
-establishing colonies
-melting polar caps
-release water and co2
-leads to global warming
-introduce plants who eat co2 and release o