6/14/2017 WELDCRACKS,DEFINITIONS,CAUSES,PREVENTION&REPAIRMetalandMetallurgyengineeringFAQEngTips

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WELDCRACKS
WELDCRACKS,DEFINITIONS,CAUSES,PREVENTION&REPAIRbyRich2001
faq33085
Posted:11Jul01

ARCCRACKS

Definition:Adepressionleftattheterminationoftheweldwheretheweldpoolisleftunfilled.

Cause:Improperweldterminationtechniques

Repair:Ifnocracksexist,simplyfillinthecrater.Generallyweldingfrombeyondthecraterbackintothecrater.

LongitudinalCrack

Definition:Acrackrunninginthedirectionoftheweldaxis.Maybefoundintheweldorbasemetal.

Cause:Preheatorfastcoolingproblem.Alsocausedbyshrinkagestressesinhighconstraintareas.

Prevention:Weldtowardareasoflessconstraint.Alsopreheattoevenoutthecoolingrates.

Repair:Removeandreweld

TransverseCrack

Definition:Acrackrunningintoorinsideaweld,transversetotheweldaxisdirection.

Cause:Weldmetalhardnessproblem

CraterCrack

Definition:Acrack,generallyintheshapeofanXwhichisfoundinacrater.Cratercracksarehotcracks.

Cause:Thecenteroftheweldpoolbecomessolidbeforetheoutsideoftheweldpool,pullingthecenterapartduringcooling

Prevention:Usecraterfill,fillthecrateratweldterminationand/orpreheattoevenoutthecoolingofthepuddle

ThroatCrack

Definition:Alongitudinalcracklocatedintheweldthroatarea.

Cause:TransverseStresses,probablyfromshrinkage.Indicatesinadequatefillermetalselectionorweldingprocedure.Maybedueto
cratercrackpropagation.

Prevention:Correctinitialcause.Increasingpreheatmaypreventit.besurenottoleaveacrater.Useamoreductilefillermaterial.

Repair:Removeandreweldusingappropriateprocedure.Besuretocorrectinitialproblemfirst.

ToeCrack

Definition:Acrackinthebasemetalbeginningatthetoeoftheweld

Cause:Transverseshrinkagestresses.IndicatesaHAZbrittlenessproblem.

Prevention:Increasepreheatifpossible,oruseamoreductilefillermaterial.

RootCrack
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Definition:Acrackintheweldattheweldroot.
Cause:Transverseshrinkagestresses.Sameasathroatcrack.

Prevention:Sameasathroatcrack

UnderbeadCrack

Definition:AcrackintheunmeltedparentmetaloftheHAZ.

Cause:Hydrogenembrittlement

Prevention:UseLOWHYDROGENelectrodesand/orpreheat

Repair:(onlyfoundusingNDT).Removeandreweld.

HotCrack

Definition:Acrackintheweldthatoccursduringsolidification.

Cause:Microstressesfromweldmetalshrinkagepullingapartweldmetalasitcoolsfromliquidtosolidtemp.

Prevention:Preheatorusealowtensilefillermaterial.

Repair:Removeandreweld,correctproblemfirst,preheatmaybenecessary,increaseweldsize.

ColdCrack

Definition:Acrackthatoccursafterthemetalhascompletelysolidified

Cause:Shrinkage,Highlyrestrainedwelds,Discontinuities

Prevention:Preheat,weldtowardareasoflessconstraint,useamoreductileweldmetal

Repair:Removeandreweld,correctproblemfirst,preheatmaybenecessary.

RepairstoCracks

Determinethecause
Correcttheproblem
Takeprecautionstopreventreoccurrence
Generallyrequiredtorepairusingasmallerelectrode

Hereisalinktoapowerpointpresenation.http://pntbeldyk.wirefire.com

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