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Abstract The password security wireless power transfer system wiring. According to the survey by International Copper Study
is the integration of password security into wireless electrical Group, 9628 thousand metric tonnes, which totalled up
power design which has a separate power design from source to 43.57% of global copper usage, is used in electrical power,
load controlled by password controller. The revolution for power utility, consumer and general products sectors in year
wireless power and communications has arrived with wireless 2009, a large percentage of global copper usage is consumed
technologies widely integrated into wide range of products,
for electricity as shown in Fig. 2 [1].
provides new levels of convenience, interaction and monitoring.
Consumer behaviours and demands have shifted for better
reliability, convenience and innovative products. The research
idea is innovative and no familiar design application and
products are developed within designated electrical area. The
research aims to design and develop a small scale wireless power
transfer system via resonance inductive coupling wireless power
technique to transmit power through high resonant frequency. A
robust password security system is designed and developed using
Arduino Deumilanove microcontroller, which adopts knowledge-
based authentication technique to control the wireless power
system. Full system analysis and experimental tests were
conducted and it recorded 60% efficiency across transmitting
distance of 50mm and the best transmitting and receiving
antenna position are identified with range of 1 cm to 2 cm offset
for antenna intersection for maximum efficiency. The research
serves a good platform for electrical power design in security Fig. 1. Malaysia Electric Power Consumption from 1990 to 2009.
system and could be improvised further with advance system
development, which can be commercialized to the public.
I. INTRODUCTION
32
By using equation (3), the number of turns of the self-made
coil inductor is calculated with parameters set in Table I. The
inductance of the coil inductor is calculated with parameters
set using equation (3) and its yield to 12 turns. Multiple
adjustments on the coil parameters and the number of turns are
required to increase the accuracy of self-wrapped coil
inductor.
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generator. Using equation (6), Cockroft Walton Generator is DQG N DQG FDSDFLWRU S) 7KHUH LV D VOLJKW GLIIHUHQW LQ
designed with assumed minimum voltage, Vp-p = 0.8V to resistors reading due to its loading effects. IRF510 is a
identify the number of voltage multiplication stages. The MOSFET used as voltage pull up transistor whereas NPN
number of the voltage multiplier stages is computed to 2. WUDQVLVWRU1DQG313ZLWKUHVLVWRUGLYLGHURI
act as a switching effect to convert DC pulsing to AC signal
Vout = 2 x Vin(rms) x 1.414 x Nstages (6) oscillating at 130kHz.
34
According to Fig. 11 and Fig. 12, the DC output achieves a 7V
DC pulsing signal and upon converted to AC signal, it
recorded voltage swing at 130kHz frequency with 5V peak to
peak voltage in which the converter experienced losses during
DC to AC conversions. The magnitude difference is due to
transistor current sinking process and heat factors. The
received output AC voltage swing and frequency recorded
almost similar output as transmitter. The output signal is
reduced due to coil position and stray capacitances on the
transmitting and receiving coil antenna, which did not achieve
the peak of maximum power transfer.
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IV. CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
[1] The World Copper Factbook 2010, International Copper Study Group,
2010.
[2] S.H. Cheon, Y.H. Kim, S.Y. Kang, M.Y. Lee, J.M. Lee and T.Y. Zyung,
Circuit-Model-Based Analysis of a Wireless Energy - Transfer System
via Coupled Magnetic Resonances, IEEE Transactions on Industrial
Electronics, , vol. 58, pp. 2906-2914, 2011.
[3] T.P. Duong and J.W. Lee, Experimental Results of High - Efficiency
Resonant Coupling Wireless Power Transfer Using a Variable Coupling
Method. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, vol. 21,
pp. 442-444, 2011.
[4] J. Garnica, J. Casanova and J.S. Lin, High Efficiency Midrange
Wireless Power Transfer System, 2011 IEEE MTT-S International
Microwave Workshop Series on Innovative Wireless Power
Fig. 15. Coil Position for Experiment 2 Transmission: Technologies, Systems, and Applications (IMWS), pp.
7376, 2011.
[5] S.S. Hamilton, M.C. Carlisle and J.A. Hamilton, Global Look at
Authentication, IEEE SMC Workshop Information Assurance and
Security, IAW '07, pp. 1-8, 2007.
[6] V. Jiwariyavej, T. Imura, T. Koyanagi, Y. Moriwaki, Y. Hori, C. Nagai,
K. Ando, K. Watanabe and M. Uyama, Basic Experimental Study on
Effect of Bentoniteto Efficiency of Wireless Power Transfer Using
Magnetic Resonance Coupling Method, 2011 IEEE 33rd International
Telecommunications Energy Conference (INTELEC), pp. 1-4, 2011.
[7] A. Kurs, A. Karalis, R. Moffatt, J.D. Joannopoulos, P. Fisher, M.
Soljacic, Wireless Power Transfer via Strongly Coupled Magnetic
Resonances, Science, vol. 317, pp. 83-86, 2007.
[8] H.A. Wheeler, Simple Inductance Formulas For Radio Coils,
Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineer, vol. 16, pp. 1398-1400,
1928.
Fig. 16. Transmission Area Coverage Testing
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