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com ]

2018

2018 .................................................................. 1
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........................................................................................................................... 11
........................................................................................................................... 16
............................................................................................................... 25

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1. --5
2. --
3. --

169 18
z=f(x,y)

Z=f(x,y)
f(x)

y
x
0
x

1.--
1 6.7

f ( p) f ( x, y) D P0 ( x0 , y0 ) D . A

, , P( x, y) D U ( P0 , )
o

| f ( p) A | f ( x, y) A

A f ( x, y) ( x, y) ( x0 , y0 )

lim f ( x, y) Af ( x, y) A(( x, y) ( x0 , y0 ))
( x , y ) ( x0 , y0 )

x,y

f ( x, y ) A lim f ( x, y) A ( x0 , y0 )
( x , y ) ( x0 , y0 )

xy 1 1 xy 1 1 1 1
lim = lim lim
( x , y ) (0,0) xy ( x , y ) (0,0) xy ( xy 1 1) ( x , y ) (0,0) ( xy 1 1) 2

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f ( x, y) ( x0 , y0 ) ( x, y) ( x0 , y0 )

f ( x, y) A lim f ( x, y ) A
x x0
y y0

xy 1 1 xy 1 1
x y lim
xy x 0 xy
y 0

1 0()
lim( x
2
y 2 )sin
x 0
y 0
x y ()

1
lim( x 2 y 2 )sin 0
x 0
y 0
x y2
2

x 2 y 2 -sin( x 2 y 2 )
lim 3
x 0
y 0 ( x2 y 2 ) 2

1 3
x 0, x sin x x
6
3
1 2
x y 0 , x y sin x y
2 2 2 2 2 2
(x y )
2 2

6
=1/6

lim x 2 y 2 ln( x 2 y 2 )
x 0
y 0

lim x ln x 0 lim( x 2 y 2 ) ln( x 2 y 2 ) 0

x 0 x 0
y 0

x2 y 2
= lim ( x 2 y 2 ) ln( x 2 y 2 )
x 0
y 0
x2 y 2

1 2
2 ( x y 2) 2
2
x y 1
( a b) 4ab 4 2 = ( x2 y 2 ) 0
2
x y
2 2
x y 2
4
3

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x2 y 2
lim ( x 2 y 2 ) ln( x 2 y 2 )=0
x 0
y 0
x y
2 2

lim
sin( x 2 y +y 4
x 0
y 0
x2 y 2

2 4
sin( x 2 y +y 4 ) x y +y x2 y y4
0 2 2 2 2 2 2
x2 y 2 x y x y x y
y y2 0
=0

2.

lim f ( x, y ) f ( x0 , y0 ) f ( x, y) ( x0 , y0 ) .
x x0
y y0

.
3. z f( x, y)
f ( x0 , y0 ) z ( x0 , y0 ) f ( x0 x, y0 ) f ( x0 , y0 )
f x '( x0 , y0 )=z x '( x0 , y0 ) lim
x x x 0 x
f ( x0 , y0 y ) f ( x0 , y0 )
f y '( x0 , y0 ) lim
y 0 y
x2 y6
f ( x, y ) e f x '(0,0), f y '(0,0)

f '( x0 ), f x '( x0, y0 ), f y '( x0, y0)

f (0+x, 0) f (0, 0) e x 1 x
2

f x '(0, 0) lim lim lim

x 0 x x 0 x x 0 x

y
3
e ( y ) 1 (y )6
6
f (0, 0+y ) f (0, 0)
f y '(0, 0) lim lim lim lim 0
y 0 y y 0 y y 0 y y 0 y

4. z f ( x, y)

1 z f( 0x + x, 0y + y) 0f( x0, y )

A f x' ( x0 , y0 )
2 Ax By
B f y ( x0 , y0 )
'

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z ( Ax By )
3 lim 0 f ( x, y)( x0 , y0 )
x 0
y 0 (x)2 (y) 2

z =( Ax By )+o( x 2 y 2 )

x dx, y dy,
dz ( x , y ) f x' ( x0 , y0 )dx f y' ( x0 , y0 )dy
0 0

f f
dz f x' ( x, y )dx f y' ( x, y )dy dx dy
x y

f ( x, y ) 2 x y 2
z f ( x, y) lim 0 dz (0,1)
x 0
y 1 x 2 ( y 1)2

f ( x, y ) 2 x y 2 o( x ( y 1) )
2 2

lim f ( x, y ) 2 x y 2 0 lim f ( x, y)=1f (0,1)=1

x 0 x 0
y 1 y 1

f ( x, y ) f (0,1) 2( x 0) ( y 1) o( ( x 0) 2 ( y 1) 2 )

dz (0,1) 2dx dy

5. z f ( x, y)

1 f x' ( x0 , y0 )f y' ( x0 , y0 )

2 f x' ( x, y )f y' ( x, y )
? ?
3 lim f x' ( x, y ) f x' ( x0 , y0 ) lim f y' ( x, y) f y' ( x0 , y0 )
x x0 x x0
y y0 y y0

f(x,y) ( x0 , y0 )

z f ( x, y)

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z f (u, v, w), u u( y), v v( x, y), w w( x)

x, y u , v, w z .
z z v z w
| |
x v x w x

43

f ( x, y) 10 f ( x, y ) 1 x 2 y o( ( x 1) 2 y 2 )

z ( x, y ) f (e y , x y ), dz ( x, y ) (0,0)

2
z z z

.
3

x2 2 z
1 z ( x, y ) f (e sin y,
x
), f
y x y

2 f(u,v) f (1,1) 2, f1' (1,1) 0f2' (1,1) 0

2 z
z f ( x y, f ( x, y))
x y (1,1)

f1'f2'

 [www.koolearn.com ]

----

1.

z f ( x, y) ( x0 , y0 ) f x '( x0 , y0 ) 0, f y '( x0 , y0 ) 0 .

.

A 0
f xx ''( x0 , y0 ) A 0
A 0

f xy ''( x0 , y0 ) B B AC 0
2

0
f yy ''( x0 , y0 ) C


23 46

z z ( x, y ) 9 x
2
54 xy 90 y 2 6 yz z 2 18 0 (*)
z z ( x, y ) .

f x ' 0
Pi (i 1, 2,n),
f y ' 0

A 0
f xx ''( x0 , y0 ) A 0
A 0

f xy ''( x0 , y0 ) B B AC 0
2

0
f yy ''( x0 , y0 ) C

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( x, y, z ) 0
u f ( x, y, z )
( x, y, z ) 0

1 F ( x, y, z, , ) f ( x, y, z ) ( x, y, z ) ( x, y, z )

2 Fx ' 0, Fy ' 0, Fz ' 0, F ' 0, F ' 0 Pi (i 1,2, n)

3 Pi ( xi , yi , zi ) u ( Pi )

24 47

x2 y 2 z 2 4
L ( x, y, z )w=xyz
x y z 3

1.
2.

1.

 [www.koolearn.com ]

2.
1

2 f ( x, y )d , f ( x, y )=f (- x, y)
y
D f ( x, y )d D1
0f ( x, y )=-f (- x, y)

D

2 , f ( x, y )=f ( x, y )

D x f ( x, y )d D1
D
0f ( x, y )= f ( x, y )

2 , f ( x, y )=f ( x, y )

D f ( x, y )d D1
D
0f ( x, y )= f ( x, y )

( x y cos x sin 2 y )d
2
D 0,0
D

(2 x 2 3 y 2 )dxdy (2 y 2 3 x 2 )dydx
x2 y 2 y 2 x2
D1 : 1 D2 : 1
4 3 4 3
b b b
a
f ( x)dx f (t)dt = f (u)du
a a
b b
a
f ( x)dx f ( y )dy
a

11.23
b b 1

f ( x) f ( x )dx
a
a f ( x)
dx (b a ) 2 , a b

b 1 b 1
1
a f ( x)
dx =
a f (y)
dy

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f ( x)
1
f ( y)dxdy
b b
=
a
f ( x ) dx
a f ( y)
dy
D

b b
2 a
f ( x)dx = f ( y )dy
a

f (y)
1

b b
=
a
f ( y )dy a f ( x)
dx
D
f ( x)
dxdy

f ( y) f ( x)
dxdy 2dxdy 2(b a)
2

2 = f ( x) f ( y )
D D

(b a) 2

(2 x 2 3 y 2 )dxdy (2 y 2 3x 2 )dydx
x2 y 2 y 2 x2
D: 1 D2 : 1
4 4 4 4

D x y D

f ( x, y)dxdy f ( y, x)dxdy
D D

24 48

b2 a 2 b
f ( x )[ a, b] yf ( y)d
D
2 a
f ( x)dx

D ( x, y ) a x b, a y b

1.

10

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2.
r2 ( )
I f ( x, y )d d f (r cos , r sin )rdr
r1 ( )
D

I 4 x 2 -y 2 dxdy, Dx 2 y 2 1x 2 y 2 2 y
D

1.
2.
3.

1. F ( x, y, y, y,.... y ( n ) ) 0

11

 [www.koolearn.com ]

n 1
2.--- y
n 2

3.------=

1.
dy dy
F ( x, y ) f ( x) g ( y )
g ( y)
f ( x)dx
dx

y y tan x tan x
2

dy
tan x(1 y 2 )
dy 1 ln 1 y ln cos x ln C1
1 y2
tan xdx
dx 2 1 y

1 y C1 1 y C12 1 y C12
C1 C .
2
1 y cos x 1 y cos 2 x 1 y cos 2 x
C cos 2 x c 0 .
y
C cos 2 x
lnu u

ln u

y 1, y 1 y 1, y 1 .()
+=

2.
dy y
f ( )
dx x

x u f (u )
y dy du du
u , (u u ( x)) y ux x u 1
x dx dx dx
du 1 1
x f (u ) u du dx
dx f (u ) u x
y
x ' y y ln
x

12

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3.
y p( x) y q( x) p( x), q( x) .

e y pe y e ( y e pdx ) e pdx q
pdx pdx pdx
q

y e e qdx C y e [ e qdx C ]
pdx pdx pdx pdx

y '( y 2 x) y .

y f ( x, y ') y
y y,y,
y=p y=p


p ' f ( x, p )


y f ( y, y ') x
x x

dp dp dy dp
y=p, y p
dx dy dx dy

dp
p =f ( y , p )
dy

y (0) 1
2 yy ( y ') y
2 2

y '(0) 1

13

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2-4 (b a)
2

1. y py qy 0 ( p, q )------

p q 0=p 2 4q
2

0 1 2 y C1e1x C2 e2 x


0 1 2 = y C1e x C2 xe x (C1 C2 x)e x

0 1,2 i y e (C1 cos x C2 sin x)
x

cos xxe x 4 1

2. y py qy e x pm ( x) pm ( x) x m .

y y y

y * y*=e
x
Qm ( x) xk Qm ( x) x m
k :

1,2

14

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0, 1,2

k= 1, 1 =2
2,
1 2

y 4 y e ( x 2)
2x

2 4 0 1 2, 2 2
1. y 4 y 0 2 x

y =C1e C2e
2x

2. y* e
2x
( Ax B) x ( 2 1 2, 2 2

1 k 1 )

y * e
2x
(8 Ax 2 A 4B) e2 x ( x 2)

1
A
8 A 1 8 2x x
2
9
y* e ( x)
2 A 4 B 2 B 9 8 16

16
2
y =C1e 2 x C2 e 2 x e 2 x ( x 9 x ) .
8 16

2 y '' py ' qy e x [( pm ( x)cos x pn ( x)sin x]

-

28 55

S =12.8 p
2
128, D 4.4 p 2 130 P(t) D-S p
1
k , p (0) 5
4
1 p(t)
2 y=p2

15

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1.
2.
3.

1.
Un
sn u1 u2 +u n

lim sn un
n
n 1

u lim u
n 1
n
n
n =0

2. 225 4

1. un (un 0)
n 0

2. (1) un (un 0)
n 1

n 1

3. un (un)
n 1

4. an x n
n 1

p225
1.

u s
n 1
n n

16

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sn =u1 u2 un 0
sn sn sn lim
n
sn
lim u n
n

p29 58

1 un un sn
n 1 n 1

xn (1
xn
2 )
n 1 xn 1

n v u n

n 1
un vn un vn ,
n 1

u v

n 1 n 1
n n
n 1 n 1

un
n 1
v
n 1
n

17

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n v u n
0 un n 1 n 1

u v

n n
n 1 n 1

un n u vn
n 1 n 1
lim vn
n v
v u
n
n
n 1
n 1
n

A 0

p30 59

an , bn eb ea an n=1,2,
n n

1 an 0, bn 0

2 an 0 an a
bn

n 1 n 1 n

u
n 1
n

18

 [www.koolearn.com ]

1,
un 1
lim 1,
n u
n =1

a n , n !

u
n 1
n

1,

lim n un 1,
n
=1


n!
n
n 1
n
x nx 2,3

(1) n 1
un , un 0
2. n 1
1

(1)
n 1
n 1
un , un 0

1 lim un =0
n

2 un un 1

2 p226

19

 [www.koolearn.com ]

a

q 1
1 aq 1 q
n 1

n 1 q 1


1 p 1
2p- n p
n 1 p 1

1 p 1
3) p- n(ln n)
p 1
p
n2

1 p 1
4 p- (1) n 1
( p 0)
n 1 np 0 p 1

3. u u
n 1
n n

1 un un 0
n 1 n 1

un un
n 1 n 1

2 un
n 1

u +

n 1
n

1
1 (1)
n 1
n 1

np
( p 0)

1
2 f(x) 0 f '( x)
2

20

 [www.koolearn.com ]

xn xn1 f ( xn ), n 1, 2

( xn 1 xn )
n 1

1.
(n)
y(0)
an x n =
n 0 n 0 n!
xn

(n)
y(0)
an ( x x0 )n =
n 0 n 0 n!
( x x0 ) n

1 x x0 , an x n an x0n
n 0 n 0

x0
x0
2
3

1 un ( x ) u n ( x )
n 0 n 0

un +1 ( x)
lim = ( x) 1
n u ( x )
2 n Ix
lim n u ( x) = ( x) 1
n
n

3 a,b

x 2n2

n 0 ( n 1)(2 n 1)

21

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P231 5 1-6

1.
1 p31,62

1
f ( x) ln(e x) x=0 n 2
n 0
n

2 f ( x) 1 ( x 3)
(1 x) 2

2.

1 S ( x) nx , x 1
n 1
n

22

 [www.koolearn.com ]

1
xn
1 x n 0

S ( x) x nx n 1 x( nx n 1dx) '
n 1 n 1

x x
x( x n ) ' x ( )'
n 1 1 x (1 x) 2

x 1

an+b,

xn
2 S ( x )
n 1 n
, x 1

an+b,

1.
2.

1.
f(x) 2L [-L,L]
1
2
f(x) S(X)[-L,L]

23

 [www.koolearn.com ]

f ( x), x

f ( x 0) f (x+0)
S ( x) , x
2
f (-l +0) f (l-0)
x
2

S(-1/2)= S(0)= S(1)= S(3/2)=

2. 2l

a0 n x n x
f ( x) s( x) (an cos bn sin )
2 n 1 l l

1 l
a0 l l f ( x)dx

1 l n x
[l , l ]f ( x) an f ( x) cos dx
l l l

1 l n x


bn
l l
f ( x)sin
l
dx

2 l n x
1.a0 0an =0bn l 0 f ( x) sin l dx

2.a 2 l f ( x)dx
l 0

[l , l ]f ( x)/ 0

2 l n x
an 0 f ( x) cos dx
l l
bn 0

24

 [www.koolearn.com ]

f(x)
[0, l ]f ( x)
f(x)

1 p33,65

x
e ,0 x
2 S(3/2)=
f(x) f ( x)
e x , x

2

2 p33,66

-1, - x 0
f(x) 2 f ( x) f(x)
1, 0 x

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.stokes

25

 [www.koolearn.com ]

1.
1-

x 2 cos( xy ) yz x 0(0,1, 1)

2-

2 z y 0
L L
xoy L
x y z yz 1
2 2 2

F ( x, y , z ) 0 x x0 y y0 z z0

L :
G ( x, y, z ) 0 l m n

26

 [www.koolearn.com ]

( x1 x0 ) ( y1 y0 ) ( z1 z0 ) ( x x0 ) ( y y0 ) ( z z0 )
2 2 2 2 2 2

l ( x x1 ) m( y y1 ) n( z z1 ) 0
F (x , y , z ) 0

1 1 1

G ( x1 , y1 , z1 ) 0

x y 2z 1 0

y
x 3y 2z 1 0

2.

u u ( x, y )
u u ( x, y )

f
f ( x, y ) x 2 y 2 , (0,0), l
l

27

 [www.koolearn.com ]

1.

2.

z x2 y 2

I = zdv, z 1
z 2

z xy
xy z

dv r 2 sin d d dr

28

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I =
zdv, = ( x, y, z) z

x 2 y 2 3z, 0 z 4

1.

L 0 2 A(-20) B(0,2)
I = [ x ln( x 2 y 2 ) ye ( x y2 )
2
]ds
L

2.

29

 [www.koolearn.com ]

= ( x, y, z ) z
x 2 y 2 ,1 z 4 , ( x y z )ds

1.-

2.
1

Q P
L
P( x, y )dx Q( x, y )dy (
D
)dxdy
x y

Q P
1.L 2.P,Q D
x y
1 18 p327

L y 1 x ( x [ 1,1])-1,01,0

L
xydx x 2 dy

2.-
1
2

P Q R
Pdydz Qdzdx Rdxdy ( x y z )dv

P Q R
P,Q,R, , ,
x y z
30

 [www.koolearn.com ]

2x+y+2z=2

I = ( x 2 1)dydz 2 ydzdx 3zdxdy

p334
1
L

cos cos cos

L
Pdx Qdy Rdz

x y z
ds

P Q R

n0 cos , cos , cos

p35 70
x 2 y 2 z 2 R 2
I = y dx z dy x dz ,L : 2 R 0, Z 0 z
2 2 2

x y Rx
L 2

31