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FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech
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Presented by
Thomas M. Murray, Ph.D., P.E.
Emeritus Professor
Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
SCHEDULE
January 14, 2013 Fundamental Concepts Part I
January 28, 2013 Fundamental Concepts Part II
February 4, 2013 Shear Connections Part I
February 11, 2013 Shear Connections Part II
February 25, 2013 Moment Connections Part I
March 4, 2013 Moment Connections Part II
March 11, 2013 Moment Connections Part III
March 18, 2013 Bracing Connections
REFERENCE
DOCUMENTS
and
NOMENCLATURE
SPECIFICATION AND
MANUAL PROVISIONS
AISC/ANSI 360-10 Specification for Structural
Steel Buildings
Chapter D Design of Members for Tension
Chapter J Connection, Joints and Fasteners
14th Edition AISC Manual of Steel Construction
SPECIFICATION AND
MANUAL PROVISIONS
Nomenclature
Nomenclature
10
Nomenclature
Note: Available Strength is generic for
Design Strength and Allowable Strength in
the Specification.
AISC 360-10 Specification for Structural Steel
Buildings AISCS
11
Nomenclature
For the course:
AISC 360-10 Specification for Structural Steel
Buildings AISCS
12
Nomenclature
Resistance Factors:
Ductile Limit States: = 0.9
Example: Tension Yielding
13
Steel Properties
A36 Steel: Primarily Plates and Angles
Fy = 36 ksi (Tension Yield Stress)
Fu = 58 ksi (Tension Rupture Strength)
A992 Steel: Beams and Columns
Fy = 50 ksi Fu = 65 ksi
Note:
Shear Yield = 0.6 Fy
Shear Rupture = 0.6 Fu
14
FUNDAMENTAL
CONCEPTS
PART I
15
TOPICS
Types of Connections
16
CONNECTION TYPES
TENSION CONNECTIONS
Direct Loaded
Hanger
Light and Heavy Bracing
17
Hanger
Connection
CONNECTION TYPES
COMPRESSION CONNECTIONS
Column Splice
Beam Bearing Plate
Column Base Plate
21
22
23
CONNECTION TYPES
FRAMING (SHEAR) CONNECTIONS
Double Angles
Single Angle
Shear Tab
Shear End-Plate
Tee Connections
Seated
24
Double Angles
Single Angle
Shear Tab
Shear End-Plate
Tee Connection
CONNECTION TYPES
MOMENT CONNECTIONS
Flange Welded
Flange Plate Welded
Flange Plate Bolted
Tee-Stub
Flange Angle
Moment End-Plate
30
Flange Welded
Flange Plate
Bolted
Tee-Stub
33
Flange Angle
34
Moment
End-Plate
CLASSIFICATION
OF CONNECTIONS
36
Classification of Connections
37
Classification of Connections
FR Moment Connection
M = 0.9MF
PR Moment Connection
M = 0.2MF
PR Pinned
Rotation, S
38
Classification of Connections
Fully Restrained FR
Flange Welded
Flange Plate Welded or Bolted
Tee-Stub
Moment End-Plate
39
Classification of Connections
Partially Restrained PR
Flush End-Plate
Flange Angle
Double Angles
40
Classification of Connections
Partially Restrained/Pinned PR
Double Angles
Single Angle
Shear Tab
Shear End-Plate
Seated Connections
41
LIMIT STATES
IN THE
LOAD PATH
42
Tu
A
3/4" Dia. Section A-A
A325 Bolts, Typ
43
3,4 Tu
4 2
1 A
1. Angle Yielding
2. Angle Rupture including Shear Lag
3. Angle Bolt Bearing/Tear Out
4. Angle Block Shear
44
5. Bolt Shear
6. Plate Bearing / Tear Out
7. Plate Block Shear (N/A) 5
9 8
8. Plate Rupture
10
9. Plate Yield
10. Weld Rupture 6,7
7
98
45
46
Bolt Types
Bolt Types
48
50
Bolts: Tightening
-N or -X Bearing Type Bolts
Snug Tight (Tightened so that a wrench is
needed to remove the nut.)
Pretensioned with no faying surface
preparation)
52
Bolts: Tightening
-SC Slip Critical Type Bolts
Requires faying surface preparation and
field inspection
Pretensioning - Turn of Nut Method
- Calibrated Wrench
- Direct Tension Indicator
- Twist-Off Bolt
53
Calibrate
Wrench
Tightening
55
56
57
Bolt Holes
Hole Types and Dimensions (Table J3.3)
Standard (STD) db + 1/16 in.
Oversized (OVS) db + (3/16 in. to 5/16 in.)
Short Slots (SS) STD by OVS + 1/16 in.
Long Slots (LS) STD by up to 2.5 bolt
diameters
(Standard Hole, STD, is Default for Course.)
58
59
62
63
64
66
68
69
70
fv
Bearing Bolt Interaction Diagram
71
72
T
Bearing u
Tear-Out Tu
Lc Lc
74
Tear-Out
Bearing
75
Lc Lc
76
76
112"
4" Tn
112"
77
Tear-Out Strength:
78
Design Strength:
Tn = 0.75 [2 x edge + 2 x other]
= 0.75 [2 x 37.9 + 2 x 52.2]
PL 1/2" x 7"
=135.2 k A36, uF= 58 ksi
112"
4" Tn
1
12"
3/4" A325-N Bolts
112" 3" Std. Holes
79
e
s Tu
e
Section J3.3 Minimum Spacing
The distance between centers of standard,
oversized, or slotted holes, shall not be less than
2 2/3 times the nominal diameter of the fastener;
a distance 3d is preferred.
Typical spacing when db < 1 in. is 3 in.
80
81
82
Weld Rupture
J2. Welds J2.4. Design Strength
Design Strength = Fw Aw.
Tu
For Fillet Welds
= 0.75 Weld
Weld Rupture
Fw = 0.60 FEXX (1.0 + 0.50 sin1.5)
= 45o Fw = 1.3x0.6FEXX
84
Tu
Rwt Rwl
85
t t
t t
Example: = 00 E70xx
1/16 1"
Rn = 0.75 (0.6x70)(0.707x 1/16) = 1.392 k/in/1/16
Example: E70xx
1/4 5"
Let D = no. of 1/16s
Rn = 1.392 D Lweld= 1.392 x 4 x 5 = 27.84 k
87
88
tp < in. tw = tp
1/16"
89
90
PL 5/16" x 5"
Weld Rupture: 5"
End of Session 1
Thank You for
Attending
Next Up
92
Next Session
January 14, 2013 Fundamental Concepts Part I
January 28, 2013 Fundamental Concepts Part II
Topics
Eccentric Bolted and Welded Connections
93
CEU/PDH Certificates
(For those who registered for the individual webinar)