Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2 Workshop
Practices
Care of Tools - Control of Tools - Use of Workshop
Materials - Tool Calibration - Standards of
Workmanship - Dimensions, Allowances, Tolerances
Workshop Practices
Many of the wide variety of materials, used in workshops, require some form
of control in their handling. This control can involve
This topic provides an overall picture of the types of requirements and tests required in
establishing and maintaining an effective calibration system. It takes into account factors
such as the degree of accuracy required, frequency of use and the reliability of the
equipment.
The key factor is the need to establish confidence in the accuracy of the equipment when it
is required for use.
PROCEDURES
Some tools require calibration on a regular basis, and some every time before
use. Ex. Micrometer, Torque wrench, tyre pressure gauges
Tool Calibration
PROCEDURES
Identification of equipment
Standard used
Results obtained
Uncertainty of measurement
Assigned calibration interval
Limits of permissible error
The authority under which the release document was issued
Any limitation in the use of the equipment
Date on which each calibration was conducted
Tool Calibration
CALIBRATION STANDARDS
Standards are vital tools of industry and trade because they promote
understanding between buyers and sellers.
For the planet we inhabit, International Standards on air, water and soil
quality, and on emissions of gases and radiation, can contribute to efforts to
preserve the environment
Standards of Workmanship
1. Private Standards
2. Open source Standards. Ex- MS Windows, Linux
3. Formal Standards
4. National Standards, e.g. British Standards (suffix BS), BIS (ISI), ANSI
5. Publicly Available Standards (PAS)
6. European Standards (suffix EN)
7. International Standards (suffix ISO)
8. International Electro-technical Standards (suffix IEC)
Dimension, Tolerances and Allowances
Associated Terms:
Feature: Physically identifiable portion of a part, such as a hole, slot, pin, or chamfer.
Nominal Size: An approximate dimension that is used for the purpose of general
identification.
Basic Size: The theoretical size from which limits of size are derived by applying
allowances and tolerances.
Unilateral Tolerance: Deviation in one direction only from the basic size.
Maximum Material Condition: The condition where a feature of a certain size contains
the maximum amount of material within the stated limits of that size.
Fit: The looseness or tightness that can result from the application of a specific
Clearance Fit: Fit that allows for sliding or rotation between mating parts.
Interference Fit: A force or shrink fit which results in surface contact and surface forces
due to the overlap of physical material for the entire range of tolerances between mating
parts.
Dimension, Tolerances and Allowances
Transition Fit: A fit between mating parts which may be a clearance or interference fit