ME6040 Incompressible Fluid Flow (Homework-4),

July- Nov, 2016

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1. A two-dimensional flow field is defined as u = !!! i + j. For this flow field, find equation

and sketch:
a. the streamline through the point (1, 1) at t = 0,
b. the pathline for a fluid particle released at point (1, 1) at t = 0, and
c. the streakline at t = 0 which passes through the point (1, 1).
[10]

2. Water (density 1000 kg/m3) flows in a porous round tube of diameter D = 60 mm and length L =
0.95 m. At the pipe inlet the flow velocity is uniform with V0 = 7 m/s. Flow through the porous
x 2
wall is radial and axis-symmetric with velocity distribution, Vr = 0.03 1 , where x is the
2
L

axial distance from the inlet. Find the mass flow rate inside the tube at x = L .
[10]

3. Water flows steadily through a 90o elbow whose cross-sectional area does not remain uniform
along the flow. At the inlet to the elbow, the absolute pressure is 220 KPa and the cross-sectional
area is 0.01 m2. At the outlet, the cross-sectional area is 0.0025 m2 and the velocity is 16 m/s.
The elbow discharges into atmosphere. Determine the force required to hold the elbow in place.
Neglect any body force. Take water density as 1000 kg/m3.

[10]
4. An incompressible flow field is given by = . The gravitation field, = .
If P = Po at the origin, i.e. at (0,0,0), find the pressure and the gradient of pressure at (1, 1, 1).
The fluid density is . [10]

5. Air at velocity ! and pressure ! flows past a Quonset hut, which is a half-cylinder of radius a
and length L. The internal pressure inside the Quonset is ! . Using inviscid theory (a) Derive an
expression for the upward force on the hut due to the difference between ! and ! .
A hole is introduced in the hut roof at point A to make ! equal to the surface pressure ! (b) At
what angle , the hole should be placed to make the net force zero? [20]

6. The laminar flow through a pipe of uniform (circular) cross-section is known as Hagen
Poiseuille flow. Derive the equation of motion governing the HagenPoiseuille flow from the
NavierStokes equations (in three-dimensional cylindrical polar coordinates) assuming that the
flow is steady and axisymmetric with constant properties ( ), and that the radial and swirl
velocity components are zero.
Derive the velocity profile with appropriate boundary conditions for this flow. Also, show that
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the friction factor, = ! . [20]
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7. Consider two-dimensional laminar boundary layer flow along a flat plate. Assuming that the velocity
profile () in the boundary layer is sinusoidal (see below), find the expression of boundary layer
thickness in terms of and the Reynolds number (). Here, ! is the free stream velocity along
-direction.

[20]