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Structure of Atom
Section A
Question No. Description Marks
1. (a) (i) Diffusion 1 ......1
(ii) Molecule 1 ......1
(iii) Less than 3 minutes 1 ......1
(ii)
......1
(iii) Move faster 1 .....1
(iv) 1
Curve -1 mark
Boiling point =65 0C
Total 10
Section B
Question No. Description Marks
1. (a) Name of scientist: James Chadwick 1
Show protons and neutrons in the nucleus 1+1
Show electrons in the shell 1
20
Y A
10
ZY
Nucleon Anumber = 20 1
ZY
Proton number = 10 1 ......6
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In liquid state
In liquid and solid In solid state 1+1
state +1
The The molecules The molecules
molecules are are closely are closely
closely packed packed
packed
....10
Total 20
Simplest ratio 1
of moles 3 6 2
1 ......3
Empirical formula = C3H6O2
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Section B
Question No. Description Marks
2. (a) (i) 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 1
No. of mole H2O = 18 = 1.0 mol 1
18
6 mol of H2O : 6 molof O2
1 mol of H2O : 1 mol of O2 1
Volume of O2 = 1 x 22.4 = 22.4 dm3 1 ......4
(ii) Carbon dioxide and water are the reactants 1
Glucose and oxygen are the products 1
Carbon dioxide gas reacts with liquid water to form 1
glucose solution and oxygen gas
6 moles of carbon dioxide gas react with 6 moles of 1
water to produce 1 mole of glucose and 6 moles of
oxygengas ......4
(b) CH2O 1
CH2O C6H12O6
Total 20
Section C
Question No. Description Marks
3. (a)
Element C H O
Mass / g 40 7 53
Simplest 1 2 1
1
ratio of
moles
(c) (i) 1. Clean [5 15] cm metal Z with sandpaper and coil it. 1
2. Weigh an empty crucible with its lid. 1
3. Place metal Z in the crucible and weigh again. 1
4. Record the reading.
1
5. Heat the crucible very strongly without its lid.
6. Open and close the lid very quickly.
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....10
Total 20
Periodic Table
Section A
Question No. Description Marks
1. (a) (i) Group 18 / noble gases/inert gases 1
....1
(b) (i) drop/go down/fall
1 ....1
(c) (i) 1
.....1
.....1
Total 10
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Section B
Question No. Description Marks
2. (a) Electron arrangement of atom X is 2.8.7 1
Group 17 period 3 1+1
Electron arrangement of element Y is 2.8 1
Group 18 , period 2 1+1 ......6
Accept other suitable answers.
Total 20
Section C
Question No. Description Marks
3. (a) oxide of X -Aluminium oxide 1
oxide of Y Magnesium oxide 1
oxide of Z - Sulphur dioxide 1
Arrange Y,X and Z 1
Chemical Equation
2HCl + MgO -> MgCl2 + H2O 1+1 ......6
From equation:
2 mol of P : 2 mol PCl3
0.1 mol P : 0.1 mol PCl3 1
Total 20
Chemical Bonds
Section A
Question No. Description Marks
1. (a) Atom 1 ......1
(ii)
(e) (i)
Z W Z
Z
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Section B
Question No. Description Marks
2. (a) P
Type of particle: molecule 1
Chemical bond: Covalent bond 1
Q and R
(i) Q consists of molecules attracted to each other by 1
weak intermolecular forces.
R consists of ions held together by strong ionic bonds. 1
Less heat energy is needed to overcome the weak
intermolecular forces// More heat energy is needed to
break the strong ionic bonds. 1
Therefore, melting point of Q is lower than melting point 1
of R.
(ii) Y and Z
Electron arrangement of Y is 2.4 and Z is 2.8.7 1
Atom of Y contributes 4 electron and
atom of Z contributes 1 electron 1
for sharing. 1
Atom of Y and atom of Z share 1 pair of electrons to form 1
a single covalent bond.
4 atoms of Z are bonded to 1 atom of Y to form a
molecule with the formula YZ4. 1 ......5
Total 20
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Electrochemistry
Question No. Description Marks
1. (a) (i) Chemical to electrical 1 ..1
(ii) Negative terminal : cell body/zinc 1
Positive terminal : Carbon 1 ..2
(b) (i) X and Y must be different metals 1+1 ..2
(ii) 2H+ + 2e H2
- 1 for writing equation correctly 1
- 1 for balanced correctly 1 ..2
(iii) - Hydrogen gas / H2 1
- Because lemon juice is an acidic solution 1 ..2
(iv) By using two metals which are further apart in ECS 1 ..1
Total 10
2. (a) (i) No. of mol = 11.7/58.5
= 0.2 1
0.2 = M(200)/1000
M = 1.0 moldm-3 1 ..2
( with correct unit)
(ii) Cathode:
- 2H+ + 2e H2 1
- Hydrogen gas 1
- H+ ion is selectively discharged because H+ ion is
lower than Na+ ion in electrochemical series 1
Anode :
- 2Cl- Cl2 + 2e 1
- Chlorine gas 1
- Cl- is selectively discharged because it is more
concentrated than OH- ion. 1 ..6
(b) Materials and apparatus :
- silver plate, silver bracelet, silver nitrate solution,
beaker, connected wire and power supply 1
Labelled diagram:
bracelet silver
Silver nitrat
solution
1+1
Procedures:
- pour silver nitrate solution into the beaker 1
- connect the silver bracelet to the negative
terminal of power supply 1
- connect the silver plate to the positive terminal of
96 | M a r k i n g s c h e m e
power supply 1
- Immerse both silver bracelet and silver plate into
the silver nitrate solution. 1
- Turn the power supply on 1
Half equation:
- Cathode : Ag+ + e Ag 1+1
- Anode : Ag Ag+ + e 1+1
10
Total 20
Total 9
Section B
Question No. Description Marks
2. (a) (i) Reaction P: Decomposition by heating/ Thermal 1
decomposition
Q is water 1
R is carbon dioxide 1
Calcium hydroxide is used to reduce soil acidity. Calcium 1
hydroxide is alkaline, so it can neutralise acidic soil. 1 ....5
Salts
Question No. Description Marks
1. (a) Calcium carbonate 1 ..1
(b) (i) Gas bubbles released//effervescence occurred 1 ..1
(ii) CaCO3 + H2SO4 CaSO4 + CO2 + H2O
- 1 for the right formula of reactant 1
- 1 for the right formula of product 1 ..2
(iii) - Add HCl/HNO3/H2SO4 acid 1
- Gas released makes the lime water chalky 1 ..2
(c) (i) CuCO3 insoluble salt 1
CuSO4 soluble salt 1 ..2
(ii) X sodium carbonate/Na2CO3//potassium carbonate / 1
K2CO3
Method 2:
- Add any acid HCl/HNO3/H2SO4 1
- CaCO3 + 2HCl CaCl2 + CO2 H2O 1+1 ..3
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(b) Material :
- Lead(II) nitrate solution 0.5 moldm-3, sodium
sulphate/potassium sulphate solution 0.5 moldm-3
and distilled water. 1
Apparatus:
- Beaker, measuring cylinder, glass rod, filter
funner, filter paper 1
Procedures:
- Measure out (20-50 cm3) of Lead(II) nitrate
solution 0.5 moldm-3 1
- Measure out (20-50 cm3) of sodium
sulphate/potassium sulphate solution 0.5 moldm-3 1
- Mix both solutions in the beaker 1
- Stir the mixture 1
- Filter the mixture 1
- Rinse the residue using distilled water 1
Equation:
- Pb(NO3)2 + Na2SO4 PbSO4 + 2NaNO3 1+1 .10
Total 20
Carbon
Iron .....2
1
Hard not easily broken when chewing foods//
1
Insoluble in water cannot dissolve in saliva// ......4
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[any two]
Total 13
= 46.67% 1
......2
Total 12
.....1
(iii) 1. release toxic/poisonous gas 1
Method
2. burn in incinerator //change to biodegradable PVC // 1
reduse, reuse and recycle ......2
Total 8
Section B
Question No. Description Marks
4. (a) 2SO2 + O2 2SO3 1
block. 1
5. Repeat Steps 1-4 using different surface of the
copper block. 1
6. Repeat Steps 1-5 by replacing the copper block 1
with a bronze block.
Results:
Type of Diameter of dents (cm) Average
blocks diameter of
I II III dents (cm)
1
Copper 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.5
1
Bronze 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.1
1
1-heading
1-data for copper
1-data for bronze
Conclusion :
Alloy is harder than its pure metal
1
....10
Total 20
Rate of Reaction
Section A
Set II :
1
1.Tangent shown in graph correctly
1
2.Rate of reaction = 0.23 cm3s-1 (+- 0.05)
......4
(d) (Catalyst) 1
1.Catalyst/copper(II) sulphate is used
2. Catalyst/(copper(II) sulphate) lowers activation energy
(and s an alternative path) 1
3. More colliding particles / ions are able to achieve that
lower activation energy.
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(Temperature)
1. Heat hydrochloric acid to 40-80OC
2. The temperature of reaction is higher
3. The kinetic energy of particles increases // The
particles move faster
4. Frequency of collision between calcium carbonate
and H+ ion is higher
5. Frequency of effective collision between the
particles is higher
(Any 4)
......4
Total 12
Section B
Question No. Description Marks
2. (a) (i) N2 + 3H22NH3 1+1
No. of mol H2 = 1000 X 1000 // 500000 mol 1
2
Based on the chemical equation;
1
3 mol H2 : 2molNH3
(c) (i)
Energy
Ea
Ea
N2 +3H2
2NH3
Total 20
Section C
Question No. Description Marks
3. (a) Example of acid 1 ......1
Sample answer : Hydrochloric acid / HCl/Nitric acid /
HNO3/
Correct formula of reactant and product
Balance
Sample answer
......2
(Size)
(Catalyst)
(Temperature)
(Concentration)
(c) (Temperature)
Materials:
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Apparatus:
150 cm3 conical flask, stopwatch, 50 cm3 measuring
cylinder, 10 cm3 measuring cylinder, thermometer,
Bunsen burner, wire gauze.
Procedure:
Conclusion
When the temperature of sodium thiosulphate solution is
higher , the rate of reaction is higher
(Concentration)
Materials:
Sodium thiosulphate, sulphuric acid, water, a piece of
white paper marked X at the centre.
Apparatus:
150 cm3 conical flask, stopwatch, 50 cm3 measuring
cylinder, 10 cm3 measuring cylinder, wire gauze.
Procedure:
3
sodium thiosulphate solution is measured and poured
into a conical flask.
Carbon Compounds
Section A
Question No. Description Marks
1. (a) Ester 1 ......1
(c)
H H H O H H
1 ......1
H C C C C O C C H
H H H H H
Total 11
Section B
Question No. Description Marks
2. (a) Glucose (or mashed fruit) and yeast 1+1
C6H12OH 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 1+1
The gas is bubbled into lime water. 1
Lime water turns chalky. 1
The gas is carbon dioxide. 1 ......7
Total 20
(d) +2 to +3 1
Oxidation 1 ......2
Total 10
(b) Y, X, Z 1 ......1
(c) X is zinc 1
Y is copper 1 ......2
Total 10
(iv) 0 to -1 1 ......1
1
1
1 .....3
Labelled diagram
Ionisation of iron
Flow of electron
Total 11
Section B
Question No. Description Marks
1 (a) (i) I: Mg + CuSO4 MgSO4 + Cu 1
II: Pb(NO3) + 2KI PbI2 + 2KNO3 1 ....2
(ii) I: Redox 1
Oxidation number of Mg increases from 0 to +2//
Oxidation number of Cu decreases from +2 to 0 1
II: Non-redox 1
No change in oxidation number 1 .....4
(b) P: +2, 1
copper(II) oxide 1
Q: +1;, 1
copper(I) oxide 1 ....4
Carbon is oxidised. 1
Iron(III) oxide is reduced. 1
Iron(III) oxide is the oxidising agent 1
Carbon is the reducing agent 1 ....6
(iii) No 1
Carbon is less reactive than aluminium. 1 ....2
Total 20
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Section C
Question No. Description Marks
1 (a) Metal P is zinc 1
Zinc undergoes oxidation because oxidation number of 1+1
zinc increases from 0 to +2
Lead(II)oxide undergoes reduction because oxidation 1+1 ....4
number of lead decreases from +2 to 0
(b) (i) Metal R is copper/silver 1
Metal S is magnesium/ zinc 1 .....2
(ii) In set 1:
Blue spots shows the presence of Fe2+ ion. 1
Iron atom release electrons and is oxidised to Fe2+. 1
In set 2 : .
Pink spot shows the presence of OH- ion. 1
Atom S release electron. Oxygen and water molecules
receives electron to form OH- ion. 1 ...4
(c) Diagram of set-up of apparatus:
1. Functional apparatus 1
2. Label 1
Procedure :
1. Fill the U-tube with dilute sulphuric acid and clamp it 1
vertically.
2. Using a dropper, fill one arm of U-tube with bromine 1
water.
3. Using another dropper, fill another arm of U-tube with
potassium iodide solution. 1
1
4. Dip in carbon electrodes into both solutions.
5. Connect to galvanometer using the connecting wires. 1
6. Observation is recorded after 30 minutes 1
Observation:
At negative terminal : Colourless solution turns brown
At positive terminal : brown colour of bromine water 1
turns colourless
1 ...10
Total 20
Thermochemistry
Section A
Question No. Description Marks
1 (a) Heat released when one mole of silver is displaced from
Silver nitrate solution by magnesium 1 ......1
0.05 .
[ 1 mark for value and 1 mark for sign (-) and unit ] 1 .....2
(c)
1. Energy axis correct and two energy level 1
2. Correct name/formula of reactants and
products 1 .
3. Label H with value and unit
1 .....3
Energy
Mg + 2AgNO3
H = -24 k J mol-1
Mg(NO3)2 + 2Ag
(d) (i) Heat of displacement of silver by zinc is less than -24 k J 1 .....1
mol-1
Copper can
Water
Ethanol Spirit
lamp
Total 10
Section B
Question No. Description Marks
4 (a) 1. Acid X is HCl// HNO3 1
2. Acid Y is CH3COOH 1
3. Heat of neutralization between NaOH and Acid X is
higher than heat of neutralization between NaOH and
Acid Y. 1
4. Acid X is a strong acid which ionizes completely in
water. 1
5. Acid Y is a weak acid which ionizes partially in water. 1
6. Some of heat of neutralization between NaOH and
113 | M a r k i n g s c h e m e
(c)
1. Energy axis correct and two energy level 1
1
3. Label H with value and unit
Energy
NaOH + HCl
1
H = -57.3 k J mol -1
NaCl + H2O 1
Total 20
Section C
Question No. Description Marks
5 (a) 1. Metal M is Fe/ Cu 1
2. Mole of MSO4 = 0.1 X 50 // 0.005 mol 1
1000
2. Alcohol Y is propene 1 .
Copper can
Water
Ethanol Spirit
lamp
Pelita
spirit .
wind shield
Propan
ol
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3. Procedure :
Calculation :
1. Mole of ethanol = m1 m2 = n 1
46
3. H = - X // -Y kJmol-1 1 ...10
n / 1000
20
Section B
Question No. Description Marks
2. (a)
Type of food Examples Function
additives
Preservatives Sugar, salt To slow down 1+1
the growth of
microorganisms
Antioxidants Ascorbic acid To prevent
oxidation of food 1+1
....4
(b) (i) Examples Function Method
Daunpandan add or restore Blend (to get the 1+1
the colour in juice) +1
food
(c) Advantages:
- Improves the shelf-life of food 1+ 1
- Improve taste
- Improve appearance
Disadvantage :
1+ 1
- Side effect to health
- Less nutritional value
Overcome:
Section C
Question No. Description Marks
3. (a) X- soluble in organic solvent 1
Y- soluble in water 1
2C14H29COO-+ Mg2+ ------ (C14H29COO)2Mg / 1+1
2C14H29COO-+ Ca2+ ------ (C14H29COO)2Ca ......4
(b) - The soap ionizes in water to produce free moving
soap anions and cations 1
- Soap anion reduce surface tension of water which
increasing wetting ability of water/water wets the
dirty clothes 1
- Hydrophobic part dissolves and penetrates into 1
the grease
- Hydrophilic part dissolves in water 1
- During scrubbing and rubbing, grease is lifted off
the surface 1
- The hydrophilic part of soap anion surround the
grease, the grease suspended in water/ 1
- The grease dispersed into smaller droplets
- The smaller droplet do not redeposit on the
surface of cloth due to the repulsion between
negatively charges on their surface/The droplet
are suspended in water forming emulsion 1
- During rinsing, water removes the grease droplet
and the surface of cloth is then cleaned
1
(Any 6 points) ......6
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(c) Procedure
Water Observation
Sample
Soap Detergent
Conclusion
1
The cleansing action of soap is effective in rainwater but
not in seawater
1
The cleansing action of detergent is effective in both the
water samples/rainwater and seawater
Total 20