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Exp.No.
Date:
Aim:
1. To compare measured and calculated values of the natural frequency of a
spring mass system .
2. To determine the damping ratio of the system .
Apparatus required:
1. Free and forced vibration apparatus (P5000)
2. Laser displacement sensor
3. Digital storage oscilloscope
Theory:
Description of apparatus
Attached to the mass is a copper plate (5), which moves in the air gap of
electromagnet (6) attached to frame (3), to give eddy current damping. A stylus (7)
is fixed to the mass and records its motion on a strip of teledeltos paper (8) in a
paper drive (9) fixed to the base plate (10) . The base plate (10) also carries the
driving motors (11), gear box (12) and eccentric (13) fro oscillating the frame, and
the air pressure regulator and filter (14) for the air bearings. The driving motor and
gear box for forcing the system by rotating out of balance force (15) may be fitted
to the vibrating mass (1)
The control unit (16) supplies the frame driving motor (11), the rotating out of
balance driving motor (15), the recording paper drive (9) and the stylus (7). The
layout of the front panel of the control unit is shown in figure 2.
The number of steel plate for changing the magnitude of the vibrating mass are
provided.
Constants of apparatus
1 k
fn =
2 m
Where
k= stiffness of three springs =18 *3N/m
m=mass of the vibrating system.
EXPERIMENTS:
Experiment part 1:
Preparation
Set the eccentric to zero radius and the damping current (fig .2, G and I) to zero.
The extra masses for increasing the value of the vibrating mass are loaded across
the top of the vibrated mass fig (1) and secured by the knurled nut on the central
pillar. The air pressure to the air bearings may need to be adjusted as the vibrating
mass is changed.
Measure the natural frequency and period of vibration form the displacement
record obtained in the oscilloscope.
Experiment part 2:
where Yn, Yn+1 are the heights of successive maximas from the graph.
1 Y
c ln 1
n nt p Yn 1
Calculation of natural frequency of oscillation of damped system
f
1
2
1 c
2 k
m
procedure:
Results: