ANSI-ASME PTC 11-1984.ventiladores PDF

ASME P T C * l l 84 W 0757670 0051269 9 W @ /
SPECIAL NOTICE
to
ANSI/ASME PTC 11-1984

FANS
ANSIIASME PTC 11-1984 was originally issued with an automatic addenda subscrip-
tion service. This service has been cancelled: This Code will be revised when the Society
approves the issuance of a new edition; there will be no addenda or written interpretations
of the requirements of this Code issued to this edition.
Please see revised copyright page on the reverse.
C0052N
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Copyright ASME International

Provided by IHS under license with ASME
3842.l
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale
Date of Issuance: October 30,1984
This Code will be revised when the Society approves the issuance of a new edition. There will be no
addenda or written interpretations of the requirementsof this Standard issued to this edition.
This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for Amer-
ican National Standards. The Consensus Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced
to assure that individuals from competent and concerned interests have had an opportunity t o partici-
pate. The proposed code or standard was made available for public review and comment which pro-
vides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and the
public-at-large.
ASME does not "approve," "rate," or "endorse" any item, construction, proprietary device, or
activity.
ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in con-
nection with any items mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing
a standard against liability for infringement of any applicable Letters Patent, nor assume any such lia-
bility. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such
patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, i s entirely their own responsibility.
Participation by federal agency representatives) or persons) affiliated with industry is not to be
interpreted as government or industry endorsement of this code or standard.
ASME does not accept any responsibility for interpretations of this document made by individual
volunteers.
No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,

in an electronic retrieval system OP otherwise,
without the prior written permission of the publisher,
Copyright O 1984 by
THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
All Rights Reserved
Printed in U.S.A.
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. . .
E. ... . . . . .
Fans
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ASME PTCxLL 8Ll 0757b70 0053272 7 W
PERFORMANCE
TEST
Fans CODES
THE A M E R I C A N SOCIETY OF M E C H A N I C A L ENGINEERS
United Engineering Center 345 East 47th Street New York, N.Y. 10017
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Date of Issuance: October 30, 1984
The 1984 Edition of this Code is being issued with an automatic addenda subscription
service. The use of an addenda allows revisions made in response to public review com-
ments or committee actions to be published every 2 years; revisions published in addenda
will become effective 6 months after the Date of Issuance of the addenda. The next
edition of this Code is scheduled for publication in 1989.
ACME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretationsof technical aspects of
this Code. The interpretations will be included with the above addenda service. Interpre-
tations are not part of the addenda to the Code.
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
This code or standard was developed under proceduresaccredited as meeting the criteria for Amer-
ican National Standards. The Consensus Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced
to assure that individuals from competent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to partici-
pate. The proposed code or standard was made available for public review and comment which pro-
vides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and the
public-at-large.
ASM E does not "approve," "rate," or "endorse" any item, construction, proprietary device, or
activity.
ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in con-
nection with any items mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing
a standard against liability for infringement of any applicable Letters Patent, nor assume any such lia-
bility. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such
patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, i s entirely their own responsibility.
Participation by federal agency representative(s1 or person(s1 affiliated with industry i s not to be
interpreted a$ government or industry endorsement of this code or standard.
ASME does not accept any responsibility for interpretations of this document made by individual
volunteers.
No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,

in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,
without the prior written permission of the publisher.
Copyright O 1984 by
THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
All Rights Reserved
Printed in U.S.A.

ASME P T C * l l 8 4 m 0759670 0053274 2 m
FOREWORD
(This Foreword is not part of ANSVASME PTC 11-1984.)
PTC 11-1946, entitled Test Code for Fans, was published by the Society in 1946. As
noted in its Foreword, the personnel of the committee that developed the Code
consisted of members of the American Society of Heating and Ventilating Engineers,
the National Association of Fan Manufacturers, and the American Society of
Mechanical Engineers.The Code, as written, was basically a laboratory test standard in
that it provided instructions for arrangement of test equipment such as ducts, plenum
chamber, and flow straighteners, as well as instruments. It even stated that the test
could be conducted in the manufacturers shops, the customers premises, or
elsewhere. This Code was widely distributed and the principles set forth in it
undoubtedly provided the basis for many other laboratory standards for testing fani.
Most ASME Power Test Codes (later called Performance Test Codes) provided
instructions for testing equipment after it was installed. Since PTC 11-1946 was basically
a laboratory standard, it was allowed to go out of print with the expectation that a
revised code would be written that would provide directions for site testing of fans.
In July of 1961, a new PTC 11 Committee was formed. Several drafts were prepared,
but all of them essentially provided laboratory directions. This Committee still con-
sidered field or site testing to be impractical unless laboratory conditions could be
duplicated.
The PTC 11 Committee was reorganized in 1971. It initially attempted to resolve the
difficulties of site testing by resorting to model testing. This was not acceptable to the
Society. Ultimately, procedures were developed that could be used in the field without
the need to modify the installation so as to condition the flow for measurement. The
Committee performed tests to determinethe acceptabilityof these procedures. These
tests included full-scale field tests of two large mechanical-draft fans as well as various
laboratory tests of various probes for measuring flow angles and pressures. Subsequent
tests (Ref. 19) performed independently of the Committee have demonstrated the
practicability of this Code with regard to both manpower and equipment in a large-
power-plant situation.
The Committee has also monitored the progress of a n International Committee
which was writing test codes for fans. While this Committee, I S 0 117, had not
completed its work, it was obvious that several things they were doing should be
incorporated in PTC 11. The major item contributed by I S 0 117 is the concept of
specific energy (also called work per unit mass) which, when combined with mass flow
rate, provides an approach to fan performance that can be used instead of thevolume
flow rate/pressure approach. I S 0 also recognizes the distributionality of velocity
across the measuring plane and PTC 11 incorporates provisions to account for this.
This Code was approved by the Board on Performance Test Codes on M a y 19,1983. It
was approved and adopted by the American National Standards Institute, Inc., on
March 23,1984.
iii
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ASME PTC*LL 8 4 ~ ' O 5 9 6 7 00 0 5 3 2 7 5 4
PERSONNEL OF PERFORMANCE TEST CODE COMMITTEE NO. 11

ON FANS
[The following is the roster of t h e Committee at t h e time of approval of this Code.)
OFFICERS
R. Jorgensen, Chairman
C. O. Wood, Vice Chairman
M, M. Merker, Secretary
COMMITTEE PERSONNEL
H. R. Bohanon, ACME Engineering and Manufacturing Co.

W. R. Campbell, Foster Wheeler Boiler Corp.
M. J.Dorsey, TRW, Inc.
P. M. Cerhart, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Akron
R. E. Henry, Sargent & Lundy Engineers
R. Jorgensen, Buffalo Forge Co.
S. W.Lovejoy, Long Island Lighting Co.
F. S. Nolfe, Stearns-Roger, Inca*
S. P. Nuspl, Babcock & Wilcox
R. F. Storm, Flame Refractories, Inc.**
C. O. Wood, Fan Systems Co.***
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Formerly with
*TLT-Babcock
**Carolina Power & Light
***Westinghouse Electric Corp.

ASME PTC*LL 8 4
~ ~ 0 7 5 b 7 0 005l127b b
B O A R D ON PERFORMANCE TEST CODES
C. B. Scharp, Vice President
D. W. Anacki G. J. Gerber W. G. McLean

R. P. Benedict A. S . Grimes J. W. Murdock
K. C. Cotton K. G. Grothues L. C. Neale
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W. A. Crandall R. Jorgensen R. J. Peyton
R. C. Dannettel W. C. Krutzsch W. A. Pollock
J. S . Davis A. Lechner W. O. Printup
J. H. Fernandes P. Leung J. C. Westcott
W. L. Carvin S . W. Lovejoy
vi

. - ,
ASME P T C * 1 1 8 4 0759b70 0051277 8
CONTENTS
Foreword ........................................................ iii

Standards Committee Roster ....................................... v
Section
1 INTRODUCTION ................................................... 1
1.1 ......................................................
General 1
1.2 ...................................................
Objectives 1
1.3 .......................................................
Scope 1
1.4 .................................................
Applicability 1
2 DEFINITIONS AND DESCRIPTION OF TERMS ......................... 3

2.1 Symbols ..................................................... 3
2.2 Temperature ................................................. 7
2.3 Specific Energy and Pressure ................................... 7
2.4 Density ...................................................... 8
2.5 Fan Boundaries ............................................... 8
2.6 Fan Performance ............................................. 8
2.7 Fan Operating Conditions ........ .-........................... 12
2.8 Errors and Uncertainties ....................................... 12
3 GUIDING PRINCIPLES .............................................. 13

3.1 Introduction ................................................. 13
3.2 Prior Agreements ............................................. 13
3.3 Code Philosophy ............................................. 13
3.4 System Design Considerations ................................. 15
3.5 Internal Inspection and Measurement of Cross Section ........... 15
3.6 Test Personnel ............................................... 16
3.7 Point of Operation ........................................... 16
3.8 Method of Operation During Test .............................. 16
3.9 Inspection. Alterations. Adjustments ........................... 16
3.10 Inconsistencies ............................................... 16
3.11 Multiple Inlets or Ducts ....................................... 16
3.12 Preliminary Test .............................................. 17
3.13 Reference Measurements ..................................... 17
4 INSTRUMENTS AND METHODS OF MEASUREMENT .................. 19

4.1 General Considerations ....................................... 19
4.2 Traverse Specifications ........................................ 19
4.3 Atmospheric Pressure ......................................... 23
Temperature .................................................
e
4.4 23
4.5 Moisture .................................................... 27
vii
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I-
.
4.6 Gas Composition ............................................. 27
4.7 Pressure Sensing .............................................. 27
4.8 Pressure Indicating ........................................... 32
4.9 ................................................
Yaw and Pitch 33
4.10 .............................................
Rotational Speed 33
4.11 .................................................
Input Power 35
5 CALCULATIONS .................................................... 37
5.1 General Considerations ....................................... 37
5.2 Correction.of Traverse Data ................................... 37
5.3 Gas Composition ............................................. 39
5.4 Density ...................................................... 42
................................................
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5.5 Fluid Velocity 42
5.6 Mass Flow Rate ............................................... 44
5.7 Flow Weighted Averages ...................................... 44
5.8 Fan Input Power .............................................. 45
5.9 Fan Spee.d (Slip Method) ...................................... 46
5.10 Mass Flow Rate - Specific Energy Approach .................... 46
5.11 .......................
Volume Flow Rate - Pressure Approach 47
5.12 .................................................
Uncertainties 50
6 REPORT OF RESULTS ............................................... 57

6.1 General Requirements ........................................ 57
6.2 Test Report .................................................. 57
Figures
2.1 Typical Inlet and Outlet Boundaries ............................ 9
2.2 Typical Input Power Boundaries ................................ 10 .
4.1 Sampling Point Details (Rectangular Duct) ...................... 21
4.2 Sampling Point Details (Circular Duct) .......................... 22
4.3(a) Probe Orientation - Centrifugal Fans .......................... 24
4.3(b) Probe Orientation - Axial Fans ................................ 25
4.4 Fan Room Pressure ........................................... 26
4.5 Fechheimer Probe ............................................ 28
4.6 Five-Hole Probe .............................................. 29
4.7 Free Stream Nozzle Jet ........................................ 31
4.8 Typical Calibration Curves for a Five-Hole Probe ................ 34
5.1 Psychrometric Density Chart ................................... 43
5.2 Compressibility Coefficients
(Volume Flow - Pressure Approach) ......................... 48
Table
4.1 Summary of Instrumentation Requirements ..................... 36
Appendices
A Typical Results Summary and Data Sheets ............................ 59
B Computer Code and Input Form ............................... 65
C Sample Computer Output ..................................... 109
D Derivations of Uncertainty Equations ........................... 121
E Assigning Values to Primary Uncertainties ....................... 129
F References ................................................... 133
viii
..
Provided .
I I
by IHS under license with ASME
No reproduction
\
or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale
ASME PTC*LL 8 4 0759b70 0051277 L =
ANSVASME PTC 11 -1 984
FANS AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD
AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD
ASME PERFORMANCE TEST CODES

Code on
FANS
SECTION 1 - INTRODUCTION
1.1 GENERAL measured performance to that which would prevail
under specified operating conditions.
This Code provides standard procedures for
conducting and reporting tests on fans, including
those of the centrifugal, axial, and mixed flow
1.3 SCOPE
types. The principal quantities that can be deter-
mined are: The scope of this Code is limited to the testing of
( a ) fan mass flow rate, or alternatively, fan vol- fans after they have been installed in the systems for
ume flow rate; which they were intended. However, the same
(6) fan specific energy, or alternatively, fan pres- directions can be followed in a laboratory test. (The
sure; and laboratory test performance may not be duplicated
(c) fan input power. by a test after installation because of system effects.)
Hereinafter these parameters shall be inclusively The term fan implies that the machine is used
covered by the term performance. Additional quan- primarily for moving air or gas rather than compres-
tities that can be determined are: sion. The distinction between fans, blowers, ex-
(d) gas properties at the fan inlet; and hausters, and compressors in common practice is
(e) fan speed; rather vague; accordingly, machines that bear any
hereinafter inclusively covered by the term operat- of these names may be tested under the provisions
ing conditions. Various other quantities can be of this Code. (it is conceivable that these machines
determined, including: can also be tested under the provisions of PTC IO,
( f ) fan output power; Compressors and Exhausters.)
(g) compressibility coefficient; and This Code does not include procedures for
(h) fan efficiency. determining fan acoustical characteristics.
1.4 APPLICABILITY
1.2 OBJECTIVES
A Code test requires a large investment of
The objectives of this Code are: manpower and equipment. This Code and PTC 1,
( a ) to provide the rules for testing fans to deter- General Instructions, should be studied thoroughly
mine performance under actual operating condi- when preparing procedures for testing a fan. The
tions; and provisions of this Code are mandatory for a Code
(6) to provide additional rules for converting test as are the provisions of Part III of PTC 1-1980.
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ASME
__
PTC*LL 44 M 0759670 0078833 5 m
ANSI/ASME PTC 11 -1 984

SECTION 2 - DEFINITIONS AND

DESCRIPTION OF TERMS
2.1 SYMBOLS
Unit/Value
Symbol Description US, Customary SI
Symbols and Subscripted Symbols

A Cross-sectional area of duct ft2 m2
a Parameter in Eq. (5.11-20) dimensionless dimensionless
b Parameter in Eq. (5.10-7) dimensionless dimensionless
C Cross-sectional area of calibration jet or ft2 m2
wind tunnel
Cl, Cz, etc. (See pp. 6 and 7)
CD Drag coefficient of probe section dimensionless dimensionless
c, Pitch pressure coefficient dimensionless dimensionless
CP Specific heat at constant pressure BtuAbm OF J/kg * K

CV Specific heat at constant volume Btu/lbm O F J/kg * K
D Duct diameter ft m
d Probe diameter ft m
E Electric potential (voltage) V V
eK Specific kinetic energy ft Ib/lbm J/kg
F" Number of points factor dimensionless dimensionless
FSX Steady operation factor for X where dimensionless dimensionless

X = m, Q, y,p, P, or N
f Frequency Hz Hz
6 Local acceleration due to gravity ft/sec2 m/s2
6C (See p. 7)
11 Enthalpy Btu/lbm J/kg
I Electric current (amperage) A A
I (See p. 7)
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KI Probe total pressure coefficient dimensionless dimensionless
KV Probe velocity pressure coefficient dimensionless dimensionless
KP Compressibility coefficient dimensionless dimensionless

(mass flow - specific energy approach)
Kil Compressibility coefficient dimensionless dimensionless

(volume flow - pressure approach)

ANSI/ASME PTC 1 1 - 1 984
AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD FANS
2.1 SYMBOLS (cont'd.)

nit/Value
Symbol Description U.S. Customary SI
Symbols and Subscripted Symbols (cont'd.)

I< Ratio of specific heats (cP/cv) dimensionless dimensionless
M Mach number dimensionless dimensionless
M Molecular weight Ibm/lbm-mol kg/kg-mol
m M a s s flow rate Ibm/sec kg/s
fi+ Fan mass flow rate Ibm/sec kg/s
N Rotational speed r Pm rev/s
N, Specified rotational speed rPm rev/s

n Counts or number dimensionless dimensionless
nP Number of poles dimensionless dimensionless
Pl Fan input power hP kW
PO Fan output power hP kW
Pb Barometric pressure in. Hg k Pa

PP Saturated vapor pressure in. Hg k Pa
P Fs Fan static pressure in. wg [Note (I)] kPa
P Fi Fan total pressure in. wg k Pa

PFv Fan velocity pressure in. wg k Pa
PP Partial pressure of water vapor in. Hg k Pa

Ps Static pressure in. wg kPa
Psa Absolute static pressure in. wa [Note (2)] k Pa

Pi Total pressure in. wg k Pa
Pia Absolute total pressure in. wa k Pa

P" Velocity pressure in. wg k Pa
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AP Differential pressure in. wg k Pa
QF Fan volume flow rate cf m m3/s
Probe Reynolds Number dimensionless dimensionless

R Specific gas constant ft Ib/lbm. O R J/kg * K
Ro (See p. 7)
S Aspect parameter dimensionless dimensionless
Frontal area of probe exposed tocalibration ft2 m2
SP
stream
Specific humidity Ibm vapor/lbm dry gas kg vapor/kg dry gas
Specific humidity at saturation Ibm vapor/lbm dry gas kg vapor/kg dry gas
Absolute static temperature O R K

Absolute total temperature O R K
Dry-bulb temperature O F O C
Static temperature O F OC
Total temperature O F OC
Wet-bulb temperature O F O C

-- - ------a\
ASME PTC*33 8 4 W 0757b70 0 0 5 3 2 8 2 3 W
ANSI/ASME PTC 11-1 984

FANS A N AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD
2.1 SYMBOLS (contd.)

Unit/Value
Symbol Description US. Customary SI
Symbols and Subscripted Symbols (contd.)

t Time sec S
UX Absolute uncertainty i n X same as X same as X

Relative uncertainty i n X per unit per unit
Velocity fPm m/s
Electrical power input to motor kW kW
Volume fraction of gas constituent whose ft3/ft3 m3/m3
chemical symbol i s X
X Function used to determine K, dimensionless dimensionless
YF Fan specific energy ft Ib/lbm Vkg
z Function used to determine K, di mension less dimensionless
Greek Symbols
a Kinetic energy correction factor dimensionless dimensionless

Parameter used to correct probe calibration dimensionless dimensionless
for blockage
Fan efficiency percent or per unit percent or per unit
Motor efficiency percent or per unit percent or per unit
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Fan static efficiency percent or per unit percent or per unit
Fan total efficiency percent or per unit percent or per unit
Power factor dimensionless dimensionless
Sensitivity coefficient various various
Dynamic viscosity Ibm/ft sec Pa . s
Density Ibm/ft3 kg/m3
Fan gas density Ibm/ft3 kg/m3
Fan mean density Ibm/ft3 kg/m3
Summation of corrected values over ...

n observations
T Torque Ib * ft Nem
6 Pitch angle deg. deg.
* Yaw angle deg. deg.
Subscripts
C Converted value ... ...

dS Dry gas * I . ...
f Liquid ...
fS Liquid to vapor ... ...
6 Vapor ...
5

~~ -__l
ASME P T C * 1 1 8Ll W 0 7 5 9 b 7 0 0 0 5 1 2 8 3 3
~~
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ANSVASME PTC 1 1 -1 984

Unit/Value
~
Subscripts (cont'd.)
i Indicated value at a point ... *..
i Corrected value at a point ... ...
ma Moist air
mg Moist gas ... ...

R Reference measurement ... ...
ref Value for calibration reference probe *.. *..
t Turbine and drive train ... ...
X Total value at plane x for A, h, and QF or ...
average value at plane x for cp, eK, M , ps,
pi,T , ,t V, (XI, a,and P
Y Total value at plane y for A, m, and QFor
average value a t plane y for cp, eKi M , p,,
pt, T , tS, V, (XI, (Y, and P
O Plane O (ambient) ... ...
1 Plane 1 (fan inlet) I I I
2 . Plane 2 (fan outlet) ... ...

3 Plane 3 (alternate velocity transverse ... ...
station)
Superscripts
R Random ... ...

S Systematic ... *..
Unit Conversions and Dimensional Constants
Cl
*.. 459.7" F 273.2"C
c2
... 60 sedmin 1.0 s/s
c3
... 1.o 1.8 O R/K
c4 *.. 0.672 Ibm/ft sec 1.0 Pa s
CS
... 1.0 Btu/lbm O F 4186 J/kg * OC
c6
*.. 2.96 X in. Hg/OF2 3.25 X kPa/"C
c7 . . < -1.59 X in. Hg/OF 18.6 X kPa/"C
c8
... 0.41 in. Hg. 692 X kPa
C9
... 2700O F 1500C
CIO
... 70.77 Ib/ft2 in. Hg - IO3 J/m3 kPa-
Cll
* . a 5.193 Ib/ft2. in. wg IO3 J/m3 kPa
c12
... 1097 (Ibm/ft. min2-in. wg)1'2 &(rn2/s2 kPa)1'2
*.. 13.62 in. wg/in. Hg 1.O kPa/kPa
*.. 745.7 W/hp IO3 W/kW
cl
5
* . I 5252 ft Ib rev/hp. min (103/27r) N . m rev/kW * s

Provided by IHS under license with ASME , \
PROBLEM HARD COPY

ASEE P T C x L L B q 0 7 5 7 b 7 0 0051284 5 =

Unit/Value
Unit Conversion and Dimensional Constants (cont'd.)
c16
*.. 550 ft * Ib/hp sec N * m/kW -s
c17 *.. 6354 ft3 * in. wg/hp - min 1.0 kJ/kW s
SC e . . 32.17 ft Ibm/lb. sec2 1.0 kg * m/N . s2
I ... 778.2.ft * Ib/Bt 1.0 J/J
Ro
... 1545 ft Ib/lbm-mol O R 8314 J/kg-mol * K
NOTES:
(I) in. wg stands for inches water gage
(2) in. wa stands for inches water absolute
2.2 TEMPERATURE approximation to the temperature of adiabatic

saturation.
2.2.1 Absolute temperature ( T ) i s the value of
temperature when the datum i s absolute zero. it i s 2.2.6 Wet-bulb depression i s the difference be-
measured in kelvins or degrees Rankine. The abso-
tween the dry-bulb and wet-bulb temperatures at
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
lute temperature in degrees Rankine i s the temper-

the same location.
ature in degrees Fahrenheit plus 459.7 and the
absolute temperature in kelvins i s the temperature
in degrees Celsius plus 273.2. 2.3 SPECIFIC ENERGY A N D PRESSURE
2.2.2 Static temperature (tS, T,) is the temperature 2.3.1 Specific energy is energy per unit mass. Spe-
measured in such a way that no effect is produced cific kinetic energy i s kinetic energy per unit mass
by the velocity of the flowing fluid. It would be and is equal to one-half the square of the fluid
shown by a measuring instrument moving a t the velocity. Specific potential energy is potential en-
same velocity as the moving fluid. Absolute static ergy per unit mass and i s equal to the gravitational
temperature i s used as a property in defining the acceleration multiplied by the elevation above a
thermodynamic state of the fluid. specified datum. Fluid pressure divided by density
i s sometimes called specific pressure energy and i s
2.2.3 Total temperature ( t t , Tt), sometimes called considered a type of specific energy; however, this
stagnation temperature, i s the temperature that term i s more properly called specific flow work,
would be measuredwhen a moving fluid i s brought
to rest and its kinetic potential energies are con- 2.3.2 Pressure is normal force per unit area. Since
verted to an enthalpy rise by an isoenergetic pressure divided by density may ppear in energy
compression from the flow condition to the stag- balance equations, it is sometimes convenient to
nation condition. At any point in a stationary body consider pressure as a type of energy per unit
of fluid, the static temperature and the total tem- volume.
perature are numerically equal.
2.3.3 Absolute pressure is the value of a pressure
2.2.4 Dry-bulb temperature ( t d ) is the temperature when the datum i s absolute zero. It i s always
measured by a dry thermometer or other dry positive.
sensor.
2.3.4 Barometric pressure (pb) is the absolute pres-
2.2.5 Wet-bulb temperature ( t w ) is the temperature sure exerted by the atmosphere.
measured by a thermometer or other sensor cov-
ered by a water-moistened wick and exposed to gas 2.3.5 Differential pressure (Ap) i s the difference
in motion. When properly measured, it i s a close between any two pressures.
7

ASME PTC*:LL A 4 M 0759670 00512A5 7

2.3.6 Cage pressure is the value of a pressure when 2.4.2 Specifichumidity (s) i s the mass of water vapor
the datum is the barometric pressure a t the point of per unit mass of dry gas.
measurement. It is the difference between the
absolute pressure at a point and the pressure of the
ambient atmosphere in which the measuring gage
i s located. It may be positive or negative.
2.5 FAN BOUNDARIES
The fan boundaries are defined as the interface
2.3.7 Static pressure (ps,ps,) is the pressure mea- between the fan and the remainder of the system.
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
sured in such a manner that no effect is produced These boundaries may differ slightly from fan to
by the velocity of the flowing fluid. Similar to the fan. The fan accepts power at its input power
static temperature, it would be sensed by a mea- boundary and moves a quantity of gas from i t s inlet
suring instrument moving at the same velocity as boundary to i t s outlet boundary and in the process
the fluid. Static pressure may be expressed as either increases the specific energy and pressure of this
an absolute or gage pressure. Absolute static pres- gas. The inlet boundary may be specified to include
sure i s used as a property in defining the thermo- inlet boxes, silencers, rain hoods, or debris screens
dynamic state of the fluid. as a part of the fan, Th outlet boundary may be
specified t o include dampers or a diffuser as a part
2.3.8 Total pressure (pt,pta),sometimes called the of the fan. The input power boundary may be
stagnation pressure, would be measured when a specified to include the fan-to-motor coupling or a
moving fluid is brought to rest and i t s kinetic and speed reducer as part of the fan. See Figs. 2.1 and
potential energies are converted to an enthalpy rise 2.2.
by an isentropic compression from the flow condi-
tion to the stagnation condition. It is the pressure
sensed by an impact tube or by the impact hole of a
Pitot-static tube when the tube is aligned with the 2.6 FAN PERFORMANCE
local velocity vector. Total pressure may be ex-
pressed as either an absolute or gage pressure. In a 2.6.1 General. Fan performance can be expressed
stationary body of fluid, the static and total pres- in terms of different sets of parameters. This Code
sures are numerically equal. provides the user with two choices. One set uses
mass flow rate and Specific energy. The other uses
volume flow rate and pressure.The product of mass
2.3.9 Velocity pressure (pv),sometimes called dy- flow rate and specific energy and the product of
namic pressure, is defined as the product of fluid volume flow rate, pressure, and a compressibility
densityand specific kinetic energy. Hence, velocity coefficient are each designated fan output power.
pressure i s kinetic energy per unit volume. If However, values of output power calculated by the
compressibility can be neglected, it i s equal to the two methods are slightly different [Appendix F, Ref.
difference of the total pressure and the static (1)l.
pressure at the same point in a fluid and i s the
differential pressure which would be sensed by a
2.6.2 The Mass Flow Rate - Specific Energy
properly aligned Pitot-static tube. In this Code the
Approach. The fan performance parameters that
indicated velocity pressure (pvi)shall be corrected
are associated with this approach are defined as
for probe calibration, probe blockage, and com-
follows.
pressibility before it can be called velocity pressure.
(a) Fan mass flow rate (h,)i s the mass of fluid
passing through the fan per unit time.
(b) Fan specific energy (yF)is the work per unit
mass which would be done on the gas in an ideal
2.4 DENSITY
(frictionless) transition between the actual inlet and
2.4.1 The density ( p ) of a fluid i s i t s mass per unit outlet states. The ideal work done on a unit mass of
volume. The density can be given static and total fluid i s equal to the integral of the differential of the
values in afashion similar to pressure and tempera- static pressure divided by the fluid density for the
ture. If the gas is at rest, static and total densities are fan flow process plus changes of specific kinetic
equal. energy and specific potential energy across the fan.

c
ASME PTC*:LL 8L.I 0757670 0053286 7
ANSI/ASME PIC 11-1984

--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Centrifugal Fans
I Silencer
I I
o o o 3 o
Inlet box Inlet box
Fan Diffuser
L
Axial Fans
Q
GENERAL NOTES:
The inlet boundary is a t @ 0
for a centrifugal or axial fan .furnished with an inlet box or a t
@ @ if a silencer is considered a part of the fan.
The outlet boundary is a t @@ for a centrifugal fan without a diffuser or a t @@ if a
diffuser is part of the fan.
A n axial fan is usually furnished with a diffuser.
FIG. 2.1 TYPICAL INLET A N D OUTLET BOUNDARIES

--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

ANSI/ASME PTC 1 1 -1 984
The fan specific energy i s the average of the ideal 2.6.3 The Volume Flow Rate - Pressure Ap-
work for all fluid particles passing through the fan. proach. The fan performance parameters associ-
Refer to Par. 5.7 for appropriate averages. ated with this approach are defined as follows.
Only the component of velocity in the nominal (a) Fan volume flow rate (QF) i s the fan mass flow
direction of flow shall be taken into account when rate divided by the fan gas density.
determining the specific kinetic energy. It is cus- ( 6 ) Fan pressure. In this approach, three fan
tomary to assume that changes in potential energy pressures are defined:
are negligible in fans. (7) Fan total pressure ( p F I )i s the difference
between the average total pressure at the fan outlet
and the average total pressure at the fan inlet. Only
the component of velocity in the nominal direction
of flow shall be taken into account when determin-
ingfan total pressure. Refer to Par. 5.7for appropri-
For an incompressible flow process, the product ate averages. It is customary t o assume that pressure
of fan specific energy and fluid density is equal to changes due to elevation changes are negligible in
the fan total pressure. For a nonconstant density fans.
process, fan specific energy can be approximated (2) Fan velocitypressure ( p F v i)s the product of
by assuming some thermodynamic process within the average density and average specific kinetic
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
the fan in order to perform the pressure-density energy a t the fan outlet. Refer to Par. 5.7 for the
integfation. appropriate averages.
(c) Kinetic energy correction factor (a)i s a di- (3) Fan static pressure (pFs)i s the difference
mensionless factor used to account for the dif- between the fan total pressure and the fan velocity
ference between the true average kinetic energy of pressure. Therefore, fan static pressure i s the dif-
the fluid and the kinetic energy calculated as one- ference between the average static pressure at the
half the square of the average velocity. fan outlet and the average total pressure a t the fan
(d) Fan mean density ( p m ) i s the ratio of the inlet. Refer to Par. 5.7 for appropriate averages.
pressure change across the fan to the thermo- (c) Fan gas density (pF) i s the total density of the
dynamic path integral of the differential of the gas at fan inlet conditions.
pressure divided by the density. ( d ) Fan output power (Po) equals the product of
fan volume flow rate, fan total pressure, and com-
pressibility coefficient K .,
(Pn, = (P2 - P l ) [ 1 -)
dP
P (e) The compressibility coefficient (K,) is a di-
mensionless coefficient employed to account for
compressibility effects [Ref. (4)1 and i s calculated
In this approach, mean density is approximated according to the procedure given in Par. 5.11.4 [Ref.
by the arithmetic mean of inlet and outlet densities. (1911.
( f ) Fan efficiency. I n this approach, fan ef-
ficiency i s expressed as either fan total efficiency or
fan static efficiency.
(7) Fan total efficiency (iil) is the ratio of fan
(e) Fan output power (PO)is equal t o the product
output power to fan input power. This may also be
of fan mass flow rate and fan specific energy. Since
called total-to-total efficiency.
mass flow rate equals the product of volume flow
(2) Fan static efficiency (q5) is the ratio of fan
rate and density at a particular plane, fan output
power can also be expressed as the product of fan output power t o fan input power, in which the fan
inlet density, fan inlet volume flow rate, and fan output power is modified by deleting the fan
specific energy. velocity pressure. This may also be called total-to-
(f) The compressibility coefficient (i$,), defined static efficiency.
as the ratio of the fan inlet density to the fan mean
density, is useful in this approach.
(8)Fan efficiency (q)i s the ratio of the fan output 2.6.4 Fan input power (P,) i s the power required
power to the fan input power. In this approach to drive the fan and any elements in the drive
there i s only one definition of fan output power so train that are considered t o be within the fan
there is only one definition of fan efficiency. boundaries.
II

- --
ASME P T C * 1 1 84 m 075b70 0051287 4 m

2.7 FAN OPERATING CONDITIONS that prevent a measurement system from delivering
the same reading when supplied with the same
Fan operating conditions are specified by the
input. Random uncertainties can be reduced by
speed of rotation of the fan, and sufficient infor-
replication and averaging [Ref. (3)].
mation to determine the average gas properties
including pressure, temperature, density, viscosity,
gas constants, and specific heats at the fan inlet, 2.8.4 Systematic uncertainty (Us, us) i s uncertainty
due to such things as instrument and operator bias
and changes in ambient conditions for the instru-
2.8 ERRORS A N D UNCERTAINTIES ments. Systematic uncertainty cannot be reduced
by increasing the number of measurements if the
2.8.1 Error is the difference between the true value
equipment and the conditions of measurements
of a quantity and the measured value. The true
remain unchanged [Ref. (3)].
value of an error cannot be determined.
2.8.2 Uncertainty i s a possible value for the error

2.8.5 Confidence level (ec)i s a percentage value
such that, if a very large number of determinations
[Ref. (2)]. It i s also the interval within which the true
value can be expected to lie with a stated proba-
of a variable are made, there is an e, percent
probability that the true value will fall within the
bility [Ref. (3)1. The uncertainty i s used to estimate
interval defined by the mean plus or minus the
the error. Absolute uncertainty ( U ) has the same
uncertainty. A value for uncertainty i s meaningful
units as the variable in question. Relative uncer-
only if it is associated with a specific confidence
tainty (u), also called per unit uncertainty, is abso-
level. As used in this Code, all uncertainties are
lute uncertainty divided by the magnitude of the
assumed to be at the 95% confidence level. If the
variable and i s dimensionless.
number of determinations of avariable is large and
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
if the values are normally distributed, the un-
2.0.3 Random uncertainty (UR,u R )i s uncertainty certainty a t the 95% confidence level i s approxi-
due to numerous small independent influences mately twice the standard deviation of the values.

ASME P T C * l L 84 M 0759670 0 0 5 3 2 9 0 O
ANSVASME PTC 11-1 984

SECTION 3 - GUIDING PRINCIPLES

3.1 INTRODUCTION 3.3 CODE PHILOSOPHY
In applying this Code to aspecific fan test, various 3.3.1 This Code offers the user the choice of ex-
decisions must be made. This Section explains what pressing fan performance in terms of mass flow rate
decisions shall be made and gives general guide- and specific energy or volume flow rate and pres-
lines for performing a Code test. sure. After reviewing both methods, the parties to
Any test shall be performed onlyafter the fan has the test shall decide which method they intend to
been found by inspection to be in a satisfactory use. Once a method is selected then the principles
condition to undergo the test. The owner and and procedures for only that method shall be
vendor shall mutually decide when the test i s to be adhered to throughoutthe test, rather than comming-
performed. ling the various aspects of the two methods [Ref.
The parties to the test shall be entitled to have (1)l.
present such representatives as are required for
them to be assured that the test is conducted in
accordance with this Code and with any written
3.3.2 The methods of this Code are based on the
agreements made prior to the test.
assumption that fan pressures or specific energies
are measured sufficiently close to the fan bound-
aries that corrections for losses between the mea-
surement planes and the fan boundaries are not
required. It is not feasible to include methods
3.2 PRIOR AGREEMENTS
for such corrections in this Code; therefore, if
Prior to conducting a Code test, written agree- such corrections are necessary,the test cannot be a
ment shall be reached by the parties to the test on Code test.
the following items: For the purpose of determining proper average
( a ) object of test values of pressure, temperature, and density, it is
(6) duration of operation under test conditions always necessary to measure point velocities a t the
(c) test personnel and assignments fan boundaries. However, only the point velocities
(d) person in charge of test measured a t traverse pianes conforming to the
(e) test methods to be used requirements of this Code (see Par. 4.2.3) shall be
( f ) test instrumentation and methods of cali- used for fan flow rate. If the conditions a t the fan
bration boundaries do not meet the criteria given in this
(g) locations for taking measurements and orien- Code for a suitable flow traverse, then point veloc-
tation of traverse ports ity measurements made a t the fan boundaries shali
(h) number and frequency of observations be used only for determining average values of
( i ) method of computing results pressure, temperature, density, and specific kinetic
( j ) values of primary uncertainties energy and not for fan flow rate. If this condition
( k ) arbitrator to be used if one becomes desirable exists, then the fan flow rate may be determined at a
(i) applicable contract performance curves and/ plane other than the fan boundary provided that no
or the specified performance and operating fluid enters or leaves the duct between the fan
conditio ns boundary and the measurement plane. Although
( m ) fan boundaries the point velocities measured at the fan boundaries
(n) number of test runs may not conform to the requirements for a valid
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

ASME PTC*33 8 4 a 0757b70 0053273 2 9
ANSI/ASME PTC 1 1-1 984

flow traverse, they can provide a useful statistical simple arithmetic summing of the contribution of
basis for substantiating the fan flow rate. each elemental area to the total flow. Investigations
of flow measurement under conditions similar to
those expected in application of this Code have
3.3.3 For large ducts handling gas flows, often the demonstrated the validity of this approach [Refs.
only practicable method of gas flow measurement (71, (a), ( 9 ~ .
i s the velocity traverse method. This method shall
be considered the primary method for measuring
3.3.4 Due to the highly disturbed flow at the fan
flows of the type addressed by this Code. Other
boundaries and the errors obtained when making
methods of determining flow, including but not
measurements with probes unable to distinguish
limited to, stoichiometric methods (where appli-
directionality, probes capable of indicating gas
cable), ultrasonic methods, and methods using
direction and speed, hereinafter referred to as
such devices as flow nozzles, may be permitted if it
directional probes, are generally required. Only
can be shown that the accuracy of the proposed
the component of velocity normal to the elemental
method i s at least equal to that of the primary
area i s pertinent to the calculation of flow. Mea-
method.
surement of this component cannot be accom-
In the velocity traverse method, the duct is
plished by simply aligning a nondirectional probe
subdivided into a number of elemental areas and,
parallel to the duct axis, since such probes only
using a suitable probe, the velocity i s measured a t a
indicate the correct velocity pressure when aligned
point in each elemental area. The total flow i s then
with the velocity vector. Errors are generally due to
obtained by summing the contributions of each
undeterminable effects on the static (and to a lesser
elemental area. Within the framework of theveloc-
degree, total) pressure sensing holes. Therefore,
ity traverse method, many different techniques
adequate flow measurements in a highly disturbed
have been proposed for selecting the number of
region can only be made by measuring speed and
points at which velocity i s measured, for establish-
direction at each point and then calculating the
ing the elemental areas, and for summing (theoreti-
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
component of velocity parallel to the duct axis.
cally integrating) the contributions of each ele-
Only in some circumstances (see Par. 4.7) may
mental area. Options that have been proposed
nondirectional probes be used.
include the placing of points based on an assumed
(usually log-linear) velocity distribution [Refs. (4),
(5)], the use of graphical or numerical techniques to 3.3.5 Various methods of averaging are required to
integrate the velocity distribution over the duct calculate the appropriate values of the parameters
cross section [Refs. (5), ( 6 ) ] ,the use of equal ele- that determine fan performance. These methods,
mental areas with simple arithmeticsumming of the along with the large number of traverse points, the
contribution of each area to the total flow [Refs. directional probe, and requirements for measure-
(5), (7), ( 8 ) ] ,and the use of boundary layer correc- ments a t the fan boundaries make it possible to
tions to account for the thin layer of slow-moving conduct an accurate field test for most fan installa-
fluid near a wall. As a general rule, accuracy of flow tions [Refs. (8), (9), (IO)].
measurement can be increased by either increasing
the number of points in the traverse plane or by
3.3.6 The instruments and methods of measure-
using more sophisticated mathematical techniques
ment specified in this Code are selected on the
(e.g., interpolation polynomials, boundary layer
premise that only mild compressibility effects are
corrections) [Refs. (5), (7)]. It i s more in line with the
present in the flow. The velocity, pressure, and
requirements of field testing as well as more realis-
temperature determinations provided for in this
tic in light of the varied distributions of velocity that
Code are limited to situations in which the gas i s
may actually occur in the field, to obtain the desired
moving with a Mach number less than 0.4. This
accuracy of flow measurement by specifying mea-
corresponds to a value of (Ki pvi/psaj)of approxi-
surements at a relatively large number of points
mately 0.1 (see Par. 5.2.1).
rather than by relying on assumed velocity distribu-
tions or unsubstantiated assumptions regarding
such things as boundary layer effects. For these 3.3.7 Although this Code provides methods for
reasons, this Code has elected to specify measure- conversion of measured fan performance variables
ments at the centroids of equal elemental areas and to specified operating conditions, such conversions
14

ASME P T C * 1 1 84 0759670 0051272 4

shall not be permitted if the test speed differs by 3.4.1 Generally the most difficult parameter to
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
more than 10% from the specified speed or if the determine during a field test i s the fan flow rate. If
test values of the fan inlet density ( p l ) or fan gas the following considerations can be made during
density (pF) differ by more than 20% from specified the design of the fan and duct system, fan flow rates
values. will be easier to determine.
(a) Design of inlet and outlet ducts should avoid
internal stiffeners for three equivalent diameters
3.3.8 A question that invariably arises in connec-
both upstream and downstream of the fan bound-
tion with any test i s how accurate are the results?
aries.
[Ref. (2)J.Thisquestion is addressed in this Code by
(b) Abrupt changes in direction should not be
the inclusion of a complete procedure for the
located at the fan boundaries.
evaluation of uncertainties. It is believed that all
(c) All transitions in duct size should be smooth.
significant sources of error in a fan test have been
( d ) A duct length of approximately 3 f t (1 m)
identified and addressed in this procedure. Since in
should be allowed a t the fan boundaries for insert-
fact any results based on measurements are of little
ing probes. This section should be free of internal
value without an accompanying statement of their
obstructions which would affect the flow mea-
expected accuracy, uncertainty evaluation is made
surement and external obstructions which would
a mandatory part of this Code. impede probe maneuverability such as structural
steel, walkways, handrails, etc.
3.3.9 Commercially quoted fan performance is usu-
ally based on measurements made under labora- 3.4.2 Considerations that can be observed that will
tory conditions, In a laboratory test, a fan i s oper-
aid the determination of fan input power are:
ated in a system specifically designed to facilitate ( a ) installing a calibrated drive train; or
accurate measurement of fan performance param- (b) allowing sufficient shaft length at the fan for
eters and to minimize those system effects that can the installation of a torque meter.
degrade fan performance [Refs. (4), (17)]. Compara-
tive fan tests conducted according to a laboratory
standard [Ref. (4)1and according to procedures of 3.5 INTERNAL INSPECTION AND
this Code have demonstrated that similar perfor- MEASUREMENT OF CROSS SECTION
mance ratings can be obtained if the fan i s operated
under laboratory conditions [Ref. (18)]. An internal inspection of the ductwork at planes
The user of this Code should be aware that where velocity and/or pressure measurements are
application of the procedures contained herein will to be made shall be conducted by the parties to the
reveal the performance of the test fan as it is test to insure that no obstructions will affect the
affected by the system in which it is installed. These measurements. Areas where there is an accumula-
in-situ performance ratings and ratings of the same tion of dust such that the duct area i s significantly
fan based on laboratory tests or ratings of a model reduced shall be avoided as this indicates that the
fan based on laboratory tests may not be the same velocities are inadequate to prevent entrained dust
due to various effects generally called system ef- from settling. This dust settlement will in effect
fects [Ref. (17)l.Any methods for reconciliation of cause the duct cross-sectional area to decrease
in-situ performance ratings and laboratory based during the test. Where this situation exists, it i s
ratings are beyond the scope of this Code. recommended that velocity measurements b e
made in vertical runs.
The internal cross-sectional area shall be based
on the average of a t least four equally spaced mea-
surements across each duct dimension for nom-
3.4 SYSTEM DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
inally rectangular ducts, and on the basis of the
There are field situations where it i s not possible average of at least four equally spaced diametral
to obtain sufficiently accurate measurements to measurements for nominally circular ducts. Suffi-
conform with this Code. Consideration of a few cient equally spaced measurements shall be used to
simple concepts when a new system i s designed will limit the uncertainty in the area to 0.3%. If the duct
facilitate fan testing as well as improve the fan sys- area is measured under conditions different from
tem perf or ma nce. operating conditions, suitable expansion or con-
15

ASME PTC*LL 8 4 m 0753b70 0053233 b m

traction corrections for temperature and pressure off during the test. If soot blowing is necessary, it
shall be made. should be used throughout the test. The operation
of pulverizers, stokers, baghouses, scrubbers, air
heaters, etc., shall not be allowed to affect the
3.6 TEST PERSONNEL results of the test.
3.6.1 A test team shall be selected that includes a
sufficient number of test personnel to record the 3.8.3 Adequate records of the position of variable
various readings in the allotted time. Test personnel vanes, variable blades, dampers, or other control
shall have the experience and training necessary to devices shall be maintained.
obtain accurate and reliable records. All data sheets
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
shall be signed by the observers. The use of au-
tomatic data recording systems can reduce the num- 3.9 INSPECTION, ALTERATIONS,
ber of people required. ADJUSTMENTS
Prior to the test, the manufacturer or supplier
3.6.2 The person in charge of the test shall direct shall have reasonable opportunity to inspect the
the test and shall exercise authority over all ob- fan and appurtenances for correction of noted de-
servers. This person shall certify that the test is fects, for normal adjustments to meet specifications
conducted in accordance with this Code and with and contract agreements, and to otherwise place
all written agreements made prior to the test. This the equipment in condition to undergo further op-
person may be required to be a registered profes- eration and testing. The parties to the test shall not
sional engineer. alter or change the equipment or appurtenances i n -
such a manner as to modify or void specifications or
contract agreements or prevent continuous and
3.7 POINT OF OPERATION reliable operation of the equipment at all capacities
and outputs under all specified operating condi-
This Code describes a method for determining tions. Adjustments to the fan that may affect test
the performance of a fan at a single point of results are not permitted once the test has started.
operation. If more than one point of operation i s Should such adjustments be deemed necessary,
required, a test shall be made for each. The parties prior test runs shall bevoided and the test restarted.
to the test must agree prior to the tests on the Any readjustments and reruns shall be agreed to by
method of varying the system resistance to obtain the parties to the test.
the various points of operation. If performance
curves are desired, then the parties to the test shall
agree beforehand as to the number and location of 3.10 INCONSISTENCIES
points required to construct the curves.
if inconsistencies in the measurements are ob-
served during the conduct of the test, the person in
charge of the test shall be permitted to take steps to
3.8 METHOD OF OPERATION DURING TEST
remedy the inconsistency and to continue the test.
3.8.1 When a system contains fans operating in Any actions in this regard must be noted and are
parallel, the fan t o be tested shall be operated in the subject to approval by the parties to the test. Any
manual mode during the test and the remaining such action shall be fully documented in the test
fans in the system used to follow load variations. report.
The fan to be tested shall be operated at a constant
speed with constant damper and vane positions.
Various positions may be required for part-load 3.11 MULTIPLE INLETS O R DUCTS
tests.
If there i s more than one fan inlet, measurements
shall be obtained at each inlet or in each inlet duct.
3.8.2 The system shall be operated to maintain It i s not permissible to measure the conditions a t
constant gas flows and other operating conditions. one inlet and assume the conditions are the same
For example, for draft fans the boiler load should be for all the inlets. Similarly, if the discharge duct
steady. Soot blowers should not be cycled on and from a fan splits into two or more ducts and it i s
i6

/-
\,
,_- ___ ======A,
ASME PTC*LI 8 4 W 0759b70 0 0 5 3 2 4 4 B W

more practical to measure the conditions down- ( f ) fan outlet temperature (T2R)
stream of the split, then the conditions in each (g) total pressure rise across the fan (ptR)
branch of the duct shall be measured to determine ( h ) velocity pressure in either inlet or outlet
the total flow. plane (PvR)
The measurement of speed and power made in
accordance with the requirements of Section 4 for
determining fan performance shall be used for
3.12 PRELIMINARY TEST
reference purposes. The reference measurements
Prior to performing a Code test, a preliminary test for pressure and temperature shall be in accor-
shall be made. The purpose of the preliminary test dance with Section 4 except a single point measure-
i s to train the observers, to determine if all instrument shall be used for each parameter instead of
ments are functioning properly, and to verify that the sampling grid. For purposes of reference mea-
the system and fan are in proper order to permit a surements, probes capable of sensing total pres-
valid Code test. The preliminary test can be con- sure, static pressure, velocity pressure, and ternper-
sidered a Code test if agreed to by the parties to the ature connected to appropriate indicators shall be
test and all requirements of this Code are met. permanently fixed at central locations in the inlet
and outlet planes. These need not be directional
probes nor do they have to be calibrated since
measurements taken from these probes are for
3.13 REFERENCE MEASUREMENTS
reference purposes only. At 15 min intervals, the
For the purposes of determining that the system reference measurements of temperature and pres-
has reached steady state, verifying the constancy of sure shall be averaged over a 2 min window of time
operating conditions, and verifying that the fan and recorded, preferably on a graph. This may be
performs at a constant point of operation during done manually or automatically.
the test, the following reference measurements If the reference measurements indicate a de-
shall be made. parture from steady conditions at a fixed point of
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
( a ) speed (NR) operation which will cause an uncertainty uFSxin
(b) driver power, or some quantity proportional excess of I%, then the test shall be invalidated.
to driver power (e.g., I R , TR, WR, etc.) The person in charge of the test shall be solely
(c) fan inlet static pressure (plsR) responsible for deciding when operating condi-
(d) fan outlet static pressure (p2R) tions are sufficiently constant to begin the test and
(e) fan inlet temperature (TIR) cont inue the test.
17

ASME P T C * 3 L B q = 0759b70 0053295 T M

SECTION 4 - INSTRUMENTS A N D METHODS

OF MEASUREMENT
4.1 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS i s indicated. Any other extrapolation requires agree-

ment among the parties.
4.1.1 Accuracy. The specifications for the selection
and calibration of instruments that follow include
accuracy requirements. Unless otherwise stated, 4.1.3 Monitoring Operational Steadiness. It i s a
the specified accuracies are expressed in terms of requirement of this Code (see Par. 3.13) that operat-
the maximum uncertainty in any reading due to the ing conditions and point of operation be held
instrument based on a minimum confidence level steady during the test. Readings for some of the test
of 95%. parameters, such as rotational speed and input
It is a requirement of this Code that the parties to power, can be monitored for operational steadi-
the test agree in advance on the limits of possible ness. Other test variables, such as velocity and
measurement errors and test uncertainties. The pressure, are not uniformly distributed; therefore,
parties should base their judgments of possible test readings should not be used to monitor opera-
error on the references cited for each instrument, tional steadiness. Separate instruments shall, there-
any records pertaining to the instrument to be fore, be used if thesevariables areto be monitored.
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
used, and their collective experience with similar Such monitoring instruments shall be held in a
measurements. fixed position rather than used to traverse the
plane.
Monitoring instruments shall be sensitive to
changes in the monitored variables that would
4.1.2 Instrument Calibration. All instruments used affect results. However, the accuracy and calibra-
in a Code test shall be calibrated. It is not necessary tion requirements for the measuring instruments
to calibrate all instruments specifically for the test if that follow can be relaxed or eliminated for instru-
the parties to the test agree on the validity of ments used only for monitoring purposes. i t may
previous calibrations. even be desirable to use instruments with appreci-
The calibration data for an instrument shall be ably more damping than would be acceptable for
represented as a continuous function which may be measuring instruments as long as the response is
determined by graphically fairing a smooth curve fast enough to adequately indicate departures from
among the calibration points, or by fitting, using operational steadiness.
the least squares methods, a mathematical curve
which has a number of fitting parameters less than
or equal to one-half of the number of calibration
4.2 TRAVERSE SPECIFICATIONS
points. In a polynomial, the fitting parameters are
the undetermined coefficients. In a power law 4.2.1 Quantities Measured by Traverse. Because
formula, e.g.,axb,a andb are the fitting parameters. the distributions of velocity, pressure, temperature,
The fitting parameters for other cases may be gas composition, and moisture across the duct cross
determined in a similar manner. section are nonuniform, each quantity shall be
Where the physical facts dictate, the calibration measured at a sufficient number of points to
function may be extrapolated to the origin. Calibra- facilitate the calibration of a proper average value.
tion data should cover the entire range of instru- Point values of all of these quantities are theoret-
ment readings, except where extrapolation to zero ically required a t every traverse plane, but this
19

A
I
_ASME PTC*LL 8 4 W 0 7 5 b 7 0 OOCL29b ~ I

Code recognizes that the distributions of gas com- 4.2.3 Qualified Velocity Traverse Planes. To qualify
position and moisture are generally much more for a velocity traverse for purposes of determining
uniform than the distributions of velocity, pressure, fan flow rate (see Par. 3.3.2), a plane shall meet the
and temperature. Accordingly, the Code does not following specifications.
require that gas composition and moisture be (a) There shall be no internal stiffeners or other
measured a t every point in a traverse plane. Simi- internal obstructions.
larly, the Code does not require that these quan- (b) There shall be no accumulation of dust or
tities be measured at all traverse planes if there are debris.
sound reasons to believe that there will be no ( c ) The traverse plane shall be a t least one
change between planes. There may also be cases damper blade width upstream o r ten damper blade
where the distribution of temperature i s quite widths downstream of a damper.
uniform. The parties may, therefore, agree to relax ( d ) A preliminary velocity traverse shall show
the requirement for temperature measurements if that the flow i s reversed or essentially stagnant a t no
they are convinced this will have a negligible effect more than 20% (preferably 0%) of the elemental
on the results. areas.
(e) There shall be no sudden change in either
cross-sectional area or duct direction.
4.2.2 Number of Traverse Planes. Two traverse
planes are required to determine specific output
(fan pressure or fan specific energy), except for the
case listed below. The preferred locations for the 4.2.4 Determination of Sampling Grid. Measure-
traverse planes are at the fan inlet and outlet ments shall be taken at centroids of equal ele-
boundaries. However, a slight offset, upstream or mental areas. However, allowing for probe stem
downstream, i s usually required so that heavy droop and the need to avoid outside duct bracing,
flanges or stiffeners do not have to be penetrated. the probe tip shall be located within a central area
Similarly, when dampers are located a t the fan the sides of which are no more than 30% of the
boundaries, it is more desirable to traverse slightly corresponding dimensions of the elemental area.
upstream of these dampers than downstream of Similarly, the probe tip may be outside the traverse
them. plane by no more than 30% of the largest elemental
Only one traverse plane i s required to determine area dimension, and then only if the duct area is the
flow rate, but if both the inlet plane and the outlet same as a t the traverse plane. Refer to Figs. 4.1 and
plane qualify, each should be used. If neither the 4.2.
inlet plane nor the outlet plane qualifies, a third The number of test points shall be the larger of
plane will be required for the velocity traverse to the following:
determine flow rate. ( a ) 24 points, or
I f a t i t s inlet boundary the fan draws gas from an (b) not less than one point for every 2 ft2 (0.2 m2)
essentially quiescent region of large volume and For measurement planes of rectangular and
the inlet flow path is free from obstructions (e.g., a square cross section, the aspect parameter S shall
fan drawing air from the atmosphere or a fan be between 2/3 and 4/3 where
located inside a large room), it i s not necessary to
traverse the inlet to determine specific output. The aspect ratio of elemental area
S=
inlet total pressure, inlet static pressure, and in- aspect ratio of duct cross section
let velocity pressure are a l l zero i f the inlet re-
gion pressure i s selected as the datum. If the inlet The long dimension of the elemental area shall
region pressure is not the datum, then the inlet ve- align with the long dimension of the duct cross
locity pressure i s zero and the inlet total and inlet section.
static pressures are each equal to the inlet region The intent of this specification is to make the
pressure (see Fig. 4.4). However, if such fans are elemental areas closely geometrically similar to the
equipped with inlet boxes, the flow can beexpected duct cross section. [See Ref. (7) and Fig. 4.1.1
to be quite uniform a t the entrance to the inlet box, For measurement planes of circular cross section,
particularly if equipped with an inlet bell, and this there shall be a minimum of eight equally spaced
may be the optimum location for a velocity traverse radial traverse lines (8 radii or 4 diameters), and the
to determine the flow rate. distance between adjacent points on any radial line
20
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
y.
ASME P T C * 2 1 BLt 0759670 0053297 3 =
ANSVASME PTC 11 -1984
Ports for probe insertion

(Use both sides for long insertions.)
clear obstructions.
Traverse plane
locations
GENERAL NOTE:
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
See Par. 4.2.4 for specifications.
FIG. 4.1 SAMPLING POINT DETAILS (RECTANGULAR DUCT)
21

ASME PTC*LL 8 4
~~ ~ 0753b70 0051248 5

--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Preferred
locations
Location of Traverse Points in a Circular Duct
From: an= -
2 a =probe penetration
Maximum offset
to clear external
u = number of traverse obstructions
points each radius
n =point number
Preferred Traverse Zones Along Each Radius where

fn = depth in radial
direction
dn = D-2an
e = number of radial
traverse lines
FIG. 4.2 SAMPLING POINT DETAILS (CIRCULAR DUCT)

ASME PTC*:11 i34 0759670 0051299 7
ANSIIASME PTC 11-1 984

shall not be less than 0.5 ft (0.15 m). (it may be calculation of results, but for monitoring opera-
necessary to increase the number of radial lines to tional steadiness.
meet this requirement.) Refer to Fig. 4.2. Note that the absolute pressure may vary signifi-
cantly between two locations, both of which are in
the vicinity of the test. For instance, if the fan is
4.2.5 Orientation of Traverse Ports. Yaw and pitch installed in a room and the air is drawn through
are the two angles necessary to orient the velocity silencers or heaters, the pressure in the room will
vector with respectto the nominal direction of flow be lower than that outside. See Fig. 4.4.
(normal to the measurement plane). It i s desirable,
when measuring both yaw and pitch, to measure
the larger angle by rotating the probe as explained 4.3.5 Operation. The method of using a barometer
in Par. 4.9.5. For this reason, the traverse ports is amply covered in the section of barometers in
should be located in the duct wall or walls which PTC 19.2.
will orient the probes accordingly.
For measurement planes of circular cross section,
the traverse ports should be oriented so that the
probe stem will be inserted radially. 4.4 TEMPERATURE
For measurement planes of rectangular cross
section, the traverse ports should generally be 4.4.1 Instruments. Gas temperatures shall be mea-
oriented so that the probe stem i s parallel to the fan sured using thermometers or other temperature
shaft. This is particularly appropriate for inlet mea- measuring systems as appropriate. Ordinary liquid-
surements on either axial or centrifugal fans with in-glass thermometers are generally preferred for
inlet boxes. It is also appropriate for outlet measure- ambient air measurements. Thermocouple systems
ments on centrifugal fans unless the geometry of are generally preferred for measurements in ducts.
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
the diffuser would suggest otherwise. In any case,
the parties should agree in advance to the orienta-
4.4.2 Accuracy. The temperature measuring system
tion of the traverse ports. Refer to Figs. 4.3(a) and
shall have a demonstrated accuracy of -f-2.Oo F
4.3 ( b) . (fl.Oo C). Readings shall be corrected for emergent
Stem, reference junction temperature, and any
other condition which might affect the reading as
4.3 ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE noted in the appropriate paragraphs of PTC 19.3.
4.3.1 Instruments. The atmospheric pressure shall
be measured with a barometer. A Fortin type 4.4.3 Calibration. Instruments shall be calibrated in
barometer i s generally preferred, but an aneroid accordance with the chapter on calibration of
type can be acceptable. instruments in PTC 19.3.
4.3.2 Accuracy. The barometer shall have a demon-

4.4.4 Number of Readings. Temperature measure-
strated accuracy of plus or minus 0.05 in. Hg (170
ments shall be made a t each traverse point for each
Pa).
traverse plane. Temperatures can be measured
Readings shall be corrected for temperature and
simultaneously with pressures if the thermocouple
gravity according to the procedures given in PTC
is attached to the pressure probe so that it does not
19.2 in the section on barometers.
interfere with other measurements.
If the fan handles ambient air, the air tempera-
4.3.3 Calibration. The barometer shall be cali- ture shall be measured in the test vicinity at the
brated in accordance with the section on barom- beginningofthetest and every15 min until thetest
eter calibration in PTC 19.2. i s completed. These measurements are used to
monitor the operational steadiness and to calculate
the results.
4.3.4 Number of Readings. Measurements shall be
made in the test vicinity at the beginning of the test
and repeated every 15 min until the test i s com- 4.4.5 Operation. The operation of various temper-
pleted. These readings shall be used not only for ature measuring systems shall conform to PTC 19.3.
23

ASME P T C * L L 8i.I = 0754b70
~ ~~ 0051300 T

Outlet traverse
piane-i2
I
1
I 1
l /I Z
t "
T
I
Inlet traverse Plan view

plane-il +
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Side Elevation O
"lx = vcos w cos @

v z y = vcos
Probe Axis Parallel to Fan Shaft
FIG. 4.3(a) PROBE ORIENTATION - CENTRIFUGAL FANS
24
W!
ASME PTC*LL BLJ m 0 7 5 b 7 0 005130L 1i m
ANSIIASME PTC 11 -1 984

I'
+-+-t t x - o o o o c
5
E
h
. . .
25
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Copyright ASME International .,

4 ;
, ASME PTC*LL 8 4 N 0 7 5 b 7 0 0053302 3 =
FANS
AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD
I-- Open to
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Gage pressure
in room
PSI =pt1 7 Open to atmosphere a
Total pressure probe
Air entry
+
-+ -
Discharge to boiler, etc.
Open to
Open to atmosphere
Gage pressure
in room
ps1 =pt1
FIG. 4.4 FAN ROOM PRESSURE
26

ASME P T C * 1 1 BLJ W 0 7 5 4 6 7 0 0051303 5 W
ANSIIASME PTC 1 1-1 984

4.5 MOISTURE 4.6.2 Accuracy. The gas composition measuring

system shall have a demonstrated accuracy of 0.1%
4.5.1 Instruments. The moisture content of am-
by volume for each major constituent (e.g., 5%
bient air shall be measured using a psychrometer or
+0.1% for oxygen).
other humidity measuring system. A simple sling
psychrometer is generally preferred.
The moisture content of other gases shall be 4.6.3 Calibration. The various elements of the gas
measured using a condensation/desiccation sam- composition measuring system shall be calibrated
pling train or other moisture measuring system. against appropriate standards. Certified standard
Stoichiometric methods can also be used in some gas samples are available commercially.
cases. The condensation/desiccation method is
generally preferred because it does not require fuel
sampling and analysis. 4.6.4 Number of Readings. Gas composition mea-
surements shall be made at every other point using
every other port for at least one traverse plane. The
4.5.2 Accuracy. The humidity measuring system samples for any port can be mixed before mea-
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
shall have a demonstrated accuracy of 0.001 mass surement. Even this requirement can be reduced to
units of water vapor per unit mass of dry gas. a single point sample if the parties agree that the
preliminary test shows the distribution of gas com-
4.5.3 Calibration. The various elements in the mois- position is sufficiently uniform.
ture measuring system shall each be calibrated
according to the procedure for that element in the
4.6.5 Operation. Operation of flue and exhaust gas
appropriate PTC 19 Supplement. analysis systems shall conform to PTC 19.10.
4.5.4 Number of Readings. If the fan handles am-

bient air, the ambient air measurements shall be 4.7 PRESSURE SENSING
made in the test vicinity a t the beginning of the test
Point values of pressure (velocity, and total or
and repeated every 15 min until the test is com-
static pressure) shall be measured using a probe
pleted. These readings shall be used to monitor
that can be positioned at the appropriate points by
operational steadiness and to calculate results.
insertion through one or more ports as required. A
Moisture measurements in other gases shall be
probe capable of measuring static pressure, total
made at every other point using every other port
pressure, their differential, yaw, and pitch is pre-
for at least one traverse plane. The samples from
ferred. A probe with only yaw measuring capability
any port can be mixed before measurement. Even
can only be used if a preliminary test gives good
this requirement can be reduced to a single point
evidence that pitch does not exceed 5 deg. A
sample if the parties agree that the preliminary test
nondirectional probe may only be used where the
shows the distribution of moisture i s sufficiently
preliminary test gives good evidence that neither
uniform.
yaw nor pitch exceeds 5 deg.
4.5.5 Operation. The operation of a moisture sam-

4.7.1 Instruments. Nondirectional probes include
pling train shall conform to the Federal Register,
Pitot-static tubes and Stauschiebe tubes. The latter
Vol. 42, No. 160, August 18, 1977.
are also called type S or forward-reverse tubes.
Direction finding probes include the Fechheimer
probe which has two holes and is capable of
4.6 CAS COMPOSITION
determining yaw angles and static pressure only. A
4.6.1 Instruments. The composition of air can gen- three-hole version of the Fechheimer probe, also
erally be assumed to be that of normal atmospheric called a three-hole cylindrical yaw probe, can be
air and measurements need not be made. used to determine total pressure (and therefore
The composition of other gases shall be mea- indicated velocity pressure) as well as the static
sured by using a sampling train containing a gas pressure and yaw. See Fig. 4.5. A five-hole probe i s
analysis system. The Orsat apparatus is generally generally required to determine pitch angles as
preferred for flue gas measurements. well as the various pressures and yaw angles. See
27

Yawangle -
Static
pressure
Null balance
pressure
GENERAL NOTE:
U-tubes are shown but inclined manometers
or other transducers can be used.
FIG. 4.5 FECHHEIMER PROBE
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

ASMEPTC*33 84 W 0759b70 0053305 'i W

Flow
Null balance
pressure
Pitch
pressure
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Velocity
GENERAL NOTE: pressure
U-tubes are shown but inclined manometers
or other transducers can be used 4
d* Static
pressure
FIG. 4.6 FIVE-HOLE PROBE
29

Fig. 4.6. Probes with wedge shapes where the holes cated velocity pressure pvi, can each be recorded
are located are slightly preferred over probes with for each probe. When calibrating directional
cylindrical shapes throughout, because they are probes, the static pressurefrom each static pressure
easier to null-balance. See Par. 4.9.5. If more than hole should be observed and any differences
one probe is present in the measuring plane, the noted. Thestatic pressure hole that i s used to obtain
total blockage of all probes shall not exceed 5% of indicated velocity pressure during the calibration
the duct cross-sectional area. should be noted and the same hole used for
subsequent tests.
Probe calibration shall be expressed in terms of a
4.7.2 Accuracy. Refer to Par. 4.8 for accuracy of
probe total pressure coefficient K , and a probe
pressure readings and to Par. 4.9 for accuracy of
velocity pressure coefficient K,. The probe total
angularity readings.
pressure coefficient i s calculated from the test data
by
4.7.3 Probe Calibration. All probes except Pitot-
static tubes shall be calibrated. Pitot-static tubes are (Piilre
K, = -
considered primary instruments and need not be (Piiltest
calibrated provided they are maintained in the
specified condition described in Ref. (4). The cali- The probe velocity pressure coefficient i s calcu-
bration procedures specified in this paragraph lated from the test data by
apply to pressure measurement only. Calibration of
probes for direction sensing is usually carried out
simultaneously with calibration for pressure. See
Par. 4.9.3 for calibration procedures for direction
sensing.
Probe calibration may be carried out in a free
stream nozzle jet (see Fig. 4.7) or a closed wind
tunnel. In either case, the probe blockage shall be where
less than 5% of the cross-sectional area. Preferably,
the probe blockage should be as small as possible.
The flow should be adjusted to produce at least
eight equally spaced calibration points.
The calibration reference may be a standard and
Pitot-static tube (preferred) or a previously cali-
brated reference probe of another type. The block-
age of the reference probe should be as small as
possible. In no case shall the blockage of the
reference probe exceed 5% of the cross-sectional NOTE: It is recognized that C, is usually not known to a high
area. degree of accuracy. Lacking specific information, C, = 1.2 for
probes of cylindrical shape. For a closed wind tunnel, p will be
The reference probe and the test probe shall
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
positive; for a free jet, p will be negative.

each be mounted so that they can be placed in the
stream alternately and their positions in the stream The equation for K , includes a correction for
will be the same and firmly held. When calibrating probe blockage derived from the analysis pre-
directional probes, the probe shall be aligned with sented in Refs. (11)and (12). If the reference probe i s
the stream in order t o eliminate yaw according to a Pitot-static tube, K , ref = 1 and the blockage of
the null-balance principle described in Par. 4.9.5. both the reference probe and the test probe is
Static pressure indication shall be from the ap- negligible (S,/C < 0.0005), the equation for K ,
propriate static pressure hole(s) of the reference assumes the simplified form
probe and test probe and not from wall taps (wind
tunnel) nor shall it be assumed equal to ambient
pressure (free jet). The test probe and reference
probe shall be connected to appropriate indicators
so that the indicated static pressure psi,indicated The probe total pressure coefficient and the
total pressure pti, and their differential, the indi- probe velocity pressure coefficient shall be repre-

ASME PTC*LL 8i.I W 0759670 0053307 2 W

--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
31
r____

ANSIIASME PTC 1 1-1984
AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD FANS.
sented as functions of Reynolds Number for non- fluid, gas column balancing effect,or any change in i
directional and three-hole probes and as functions length of the graduated scale due to temperature.
of pitch pressure coefficient, C,, and Reynolds However, corrections may be omitted for tempera-
Number for five-hole probes. See Par. 4.1.2 regard- ture changes less than I O O F (5C)from calibration
ing calibration function. and elevation changes less than 5000 ft (1500 m).
Calibrated probes should be handled with care
because large scratches or nicks near the pressure
4.8.3 Calibration. Pressure indicating instruments
taps will invalidate the calibration.
shall be calibrated against a suitable standard. For
pressures from O to IO in. wg (O to 2.5 kPa),
4.7.4 Number of Readings. Pressure measurements calibration shall be against a water-filled hook
shall be made at each traverse point for each gage of the micrometer type or a precision micro-
traverse plane. The indicated velocity pressure and manometer. When the pressure is above 10 in. wg
either the total pressure or the static pressure shall (2.5 kPa), calibration shall be against a water-filled
be measured, The remaining pressure can be de- hook gage of the micrometer type, a precision
termined arithmetically. micromanometer, or water-filled U-tube. Pressure
Pressures can be obtained at two or more loca- indicating instruments should preferably be cali-
tions, simultaneously, by using two or more probes brated in place, but the parties may agree to a
as appropriate. It may be desirable to traverse both remote calibration in a more suitable laboratory
inlet boxes of a double inlet fan and to traverse environment. In the latter case, extreme care should
from both sides of the outlet, all simultaneously. be taken to mount the pressure indicating instru-
This would require four probes and four probe ment in exactly the same manner for calibration as
crews, but it would significantly reduce the total it i s mounted for the test. Calibration points shall be
elapsed time required for the test, selected to fall a t both ends of the expected range
and at sufficient intermediate points so that no
4.7.5 Operation. Refer to Pars. 4.8.5 and 4.9.5. reading will be more than 9.25 in. wg (60 Pa)
removed from a calibration point for inclined i
manometers or more than 1in. wg (250 Pa) removed
for U-tube manometers.
4.8 PRESSURE INDICATING
4.8.1 Instrunients. Manometers or other pressure 4.8.4 Number of Readings, Pressure measuring
indicating systems shall be connected to the ap- instruments shall be read at each position of the
propriate taps of the pressure sensing probes to probe as outlined in Par. 4.7.4. Since pressures are
measure point values of pressure. A five-hole seldom strictly steady, the pressure indicated on
probe requires one indicator for velocity pressure, any instrument will fluctuate with time. In order to
one indicator for static pressure or total pressure, obtain a reading, either the instrument shall be
and additional indicators for nulling and pitch damped or the readings shall be averaged in a
determination. (See Par. 4.9 for the latter.) A three- suitable manner. Averaging can be accomplished
hole probe requires the same indicators, except mentally, i f the fluctuations are small and regular. If
that for pitch determination. A nondirectional the fluctuations are large and irregular, more so-
probe requires indicators only for velocity pressure phisticated methods shall be used. I t is possible to
and either staticor total pressure. Inclind manom- obtain a temporal average electronically when an
eters are generally preferred, but U-tube manom- electrical pressure transducer i s the primary ele-
eters and other indicators are acceptable if they ment. Even though the spatial average velocity i s
meet the following specifications. obtained from the square roots of the temporal
average velocity pressures, it i s not proper to take
the square root of the raw data before temporal
4.8.2 Accuracy. Pressure measuringsystems includ- averaging as this may introduce a bias into the
ing the sensor and the indicator shall have a average values [Ref. (9)].
demonstrated accuracy of *i% of the reading or
0.01 in. wg (2.5 Pa), whichever i s larger. Readings
shall be corrected for any difference from calibra- 4.8.5 Operation. For many of the principles of
tion conditions in specific weight of manbmeter operation, refer to PTC 19.2. Refer to Figs. 4.5 and
32
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Copyright ASME International 7-- ' --=-.

a
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale p
A S M E PTC*LL 8 4 W O759670 0 0 5 3 3 0 9 b

4.6 for the proper hose connecting arrangements 4.9.4 Number of Readings. Yaw and pitch angles
for probes and indicators. Precautions should be shall be measured at each traverse point for each
taken to protect the indicator from the effects of traverse plane. This is the same requirement as
wind, sun, and boiler radiant heat. Periodically for pressures which should be measuredsimultane-
during the test, probes, hoses, and indicators should ously.
be checked for leaks or plugging. Plugging can
result from either particulate buildup in the probe
or condensation in a portion of the system. 4.9.5 Operation. In operation, a five-hole probe i s
Indicators used for static or total pressure mea-
inserted in the proper port to the proper depth for
surement have one tap open to atmosphere. If the
each traverse point. The probe should be rigid
indicator i s not located in the same atmosphere as
enough over i t s inserted length to avoid any droop
the barometer, an additional measurement to de-
beyond the permissible amount as noted in Par.
termine the difference in pressure i s required. See
4.2.4. The reference line on the probe should be
Fig. 4.4.
used to orient the probe in such a way that when
the total pressure hole i s pointing upstream per-
pendicular to the measuring plane, the indicated
yaw angle is zero. The probe is then rotated about
4.9 YAW A N D PITCH i t s own axis until a null balance i s obtained across
4.9.1 Instruments. Yaw and pitch angles shall be the taps of the static pressure holes. The angle of
measured using a directional probe equipped with probe rotation from the zero yaw reference direc-
suitable indicating devices. A five-hole probe i s tion i s measured with an appropriate indicator and
preferred as noted in Par. 4.7.1. A three-hole probe i s reported as the yaw angle. Without changing the
may be suitable in some cases. Sw
Figs. 4.5 and 4.6. angularity of the probe, the pressure difference
across the taps for the fourth and fifth holes shall
also be recorded and used with the indicated
4.9.2 Accuracy. The yaw and pitch measuring sys- velocity pressure and the pitch pressure coefficient
tem shall have a demonstrated accuracy of + deg. to determine pitch angle. Measurements of indi-
each. cated velocity pressure and static pressure or indi-
cated velocity pressure and total pressure as out-
lined in Par. 4.7.4 shall be recorded with the probe
4.9.3 Calibration. A reference line shall be scribed
in the proper null-balance position, (Note that a
on the probe at the time of calibration for pressure
null balance can be obtained at four different
response. The protractor scale with which the
positions but only one i s correct. Incorrect null
probe i s then equipped can be checked against any
positions usually correspond to negative velocity
high-quality protractor used as a reference. As
pressures.)
noted below, the protractor arrangement i s only A three-hole probe i s operated in a similar
used to measure yaw. manner except that the pitch pressure difference i s
Pitch angles are determined from a pressure
omitted.
measurement obtained with a pressure indicator
connected across the fourth and fifth holes of a
five-hole probe. Calibration for pitch can be per-
formed in a free stream nozzle jet or in a wind
tunnel, The probe shall be precision aligned at
4.10 ROTATIONAL SPEED
various pitch angles and the pressure difference
across the taps for the fourth and fifth holes 4.10.1 Instruments. The speed of the fan shall be
recorded. The flow should be set at several values measured with a speed-measuringsystem. An elec-
for each position of the probe and each time the tronic counter actuated by a magnetic pulse gener-
pressure difference across the yaw taps should be ator or photoelectric pickup is preferred. Slip
nulled. counting with stroboscopic light may be acceptable
A calibration function which represents pitch for speeds close to line frequency synchronous
angle as a function of pitch pressure coefficient, C, speeds. Hand tachomet ers, mechanical revolution
(= pitch pressure differencehdicated velocity pres- counters, and vibrating-reed tachometers are
sure) and Reynolds Number is derived. See'Fig. 4.8. unacceptable.
33
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

~- - I
ASME PTC*LL B Y m 0 7 5 7 b 7 0 0051310 2 m

ANSVASME PTC 11-1984
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Lu
cl
I
Lu
c
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sc
u)
N
c
O
N
8-
In
8-
8-
O
T
8-
In
9
P
O
9
s-
i
34
Copyright ASME International .-

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale ..
3;
- ASME PTC*LL 8 4 m 0757670 005L3LL 4 m

4,10.2 Accuracy.The speed-measuringsystemshall beforehand to the method of calibration and the

have a demonstrated accuracy of 50.1% or il rpm, expected accuracy. (See Section 5 of PTC 19.7-
whichever is smaller, 1980.)
Since the temperature rise through a fan is
generally not large enough to permit accurate
4.10*3 Calibration. Speed-measuring instruments
measurementand since heat transfer losses through
shall be calibrated against the line frequency of a
the casing are indeterminate, the heat balance
suitable major power circuit or other frequency
method i s not acceptable for determining fan input
standard.
power.
4.10.4 Number of Readings. Fan speed shall be

4.11.2 Accuracy. The input-power-measuring sys-
measured at the beginning of the test and every 15
tem shall have a demonstrated accuracy of &I%.
min until the conclusion of the test, These readings
shall be used to monitor operational steadiness as
well as for calculations. 4.11.3 Calibration, A torque meter shall be cal-
ibrated in accordance with the provisions of
4.10.5 Operation. The electronic counter should PTC 19.7.
be equipped with a digital readout and may be The drive train in the context of this Code
equipped with a recorder and an automatic includes the driver, whether it be electric motor or
averager. steam turbine or other prime mover, and any
With the slip method, the shaft must be marked intermediate elements, such as gear boxes and
with a reference line or other mark that i s easily variable speed drives. The drive train may be
visible under stroboscopic light flashing at line calibrated as a unit or the driver and any inter-
frequency. The mark will appear to slowly rotate mediate elements may be separately calibrated.
opposite shaft rotation and permit visual observa- Calibration procedures as given in the following
tion of the slip frequency. A stopwatch shall be documents shall be followed as appropriate.
used to measure the time for at least ten rotations of ANSIAEEE 112-78 Test Procedure for Polyphase
the mark. Average slip frequency i s derived by Induction Motors and
dividing the total number of mark rotations by the Generators
measured time interval for which the counts were IEEE 115-65 Test Procedure For
made. Synchronous Machines
See PTC 19.13 for further information on the IEEE 113-72 Test Code for Direct Current
measurement of rotary speed, Machines With Supplement
11 3A-76
ASME PTC 6s Sim plif ied Procedures for
4.11 INPUT POWER Routine Performance Tests of
4.11.1 Instruments. The fan input power shal be Steam Turbines
derived from measurements of torque with a torque ASME PTC 17 Reciprocating Internal
meter, or measurements of electrical input when a Combustion Engines
calibrated electric motor i s used, or other suitable ASME PTC 18 Hydraulic Prime Movers
measurements if the fan is driven by some other ASME PTC 19.7 Measurement of Shaft Power
calibrated prime mover and drive train. Both the
ASME PTC 22 Gas Turbine Power Plants
torque meter and the calibrated prime mover
measurements qualify as preferred methods. If a Calibration shall be performed under specified
torque meter cannot be used and if the drive train i s operating conditions and a range of loads sufficient
not calibrated prior to installation, the parties to the to cover the anticipated test conditions,
test must agree upon a method of estimating the
drive train losses. Also, it must be noted that various 4.11.4 Number of Readings. Torque or electrical
methods and procedures for calibrating the drive input shall be measured at the start of the test and at
train may result in accuracies which are unaccept- least every 15 min until the conclusion of the test.
able for this Code. The parties to the test and the These readings shall be used to monitor opera-
party responsible for the calibration must agree tional steadiness as well as for calculations.
35
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

ASME P T C x 3 3 Bi1 ~
0 7 5 9 6 7 0 0053332 b D
~~
ANSI/ASME PTC 1 1-1 984

TABLE 4.1 SUMMARY OF INSTRUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS

Frequency of Paragraph
Measurement Instrument Accuracy Readings Reference No.
Atmospheric Barometer f0.05 in. Hg 15 min PTC 19.2 4.3

pressure +I70 Pa
Temperature Thermometer or t2.0 F Each traverse PTC 79.3 4.4

thermocouple +.I.O"C point
Moisture Psychrometer or 0.001 Ibm/lbm gas Air 15 min PTC 19.10 4.5
condensation/ 0.001 kg/kg gas Gas alternate PTC 38 4.5
desiccation traverse points
Gas analysis Orsat or 0.1% by volume Alternate PTC 19.10 4.6

electronic traverse
analyzers points
Pressure Manometer or Larger of Each traverse PTC 19.2 4.8

pressure indicator f1.0% or point
k 0 , I in. wg
f 2 . 5 Pa
Yaw angle Protractor f 2 . 0 degree Each traverse ... 4.9

point
Pitch angle (See Pressure) ... Each traverse ... 4.8 and 4.9
point
Speed Magnetic puise Smaller of 15 min PTC 19.13 4.10

Fiber optic +0.1% or i l rpm
or slip
Power Torque meter or *1.0% 15 min PTC 19.7 4.11

calibrated drive PTC 19.6
4.11.5 Operation. Operation of prime movers i s full-scale accuracy of 0.5% or better. They shall be
covered in thevarious Standards listed in Par. 4.11.3. used in the same position as rated (usually hori-
Operation of the instruments for measuring the zontal). Care should be taken to maintain instru- --`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
output of these prime movers i s covered in various ments a t a uniform and constant temperature near
supplements on instruments and apparatus. Elec- the calibration temperature; otherwise, correc-
trical instruments shall conform to ANSI C 39.1, tions shall be made according to manufacturer's
Requirements for Analog Indicating Instruments. A instructions regarding lead wires, waveform, etc.
wattmeter and voltmeter or an ammeter, volt- The preferred location for taking electrical mea-
meter, and power factor meter may be used to- surements i s at the terminals of the motor. If this i s
gether with the necessary instrument transformers. not possible, then allowance shall be made for the
Refer to PTC 19.6, Electrical Measurements in drop in potential between the point of measure-
Power Circuits, for instructions. Meter ranges and ment and the motor terminals. Care shall be taken
transformer ratio shall be such as to produce t o measure motor power only and not include any
readings above Y 3 full scale. Instruments shall have auxiliary's power.

ASME PTC*LL 8 4 0759670 005L313 8 M

SECTION 5 - CALCULATIONS
5.1 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS

The results of the test shall be calculated in accordance with the appropriate paragraphs of this
Section and any prior agreement reached by the parties regarding computation of results. The
following paragraphs are intended to cover all possible cases but it i s not necessary to use every
paragraph for any particular case. For instance, it is not necessary to refer to the paragraphson products
of combustion if the test gas is air. Similarly, only the paragraph on computing power which
corresponds to the method of power measurement shall be used. Various other calculations may be
omitted depending on whether mass flow rate and specific energy or volume flow rate and fan total
pressure are used to express fan performance. The data to be used in the calculations are the measured
values of pressure and temperature at various planes, the fan input power measurements, various
geometric information (primarily duct areas a t measurement planes), and information used to
determine gas composition.
5.1.1 Calibration Corrections. Temporal averaging shall be performed prior to correcting for calibra-
tions, Calibration corrections shall be applied to individual readings before spatial averaging or other
calculations.
5.1.2 Average Values. Recognizing that nonuniform velocity distribution and temperature or com-
position stratification are normal on large fans, the appropriate volume-flow-weighted or mass-flow-
weighted average values at the traverse planes must be used for determinations of fan performance
[Ref. (IO)].
5.2 CORRECTION OF TRAVERSE DATA

Difficulties arise in employing traverse data in calculationsas these data usually must be corrected for
probe calibration and possibly for blockage and compressibility as well. The probe calibration coef-
ficients K, and K, are generally functions of the probe Reynolds Number IRp, which i s determined by
actual gas velocity V, density p, and viscosity y a t the probe location. They are also slightly dependent
upon specific heat ratio k . As these four quantities are determined only from the measurements
themselves, an iteration procedure may be necessary. Such a procedure would be as follows.
(a) Select provisional values of Ky, Kvj and k (see Par. 5.2.1).
(b) Correct the traverse readings for calibration and, if necessary, probe blockage and compres-
sibility (see Par. 5.2.2).
(c) Proceed with calculations.
( d ) After determining gas composition [see Par. 5.3), densities (see Par. 5.4),and velocities (see Par,
5.5.1) at all points in a traverse plane, calculate Reynolds Number (see Par. 5.2.2) at all points and
determine new values of Ktj and K,j.
(e) i f new values of Ktjand Kvjaresignificantly different from the old values, then the process must be
repeated.
The probe calibration coefficients are also afunction of pitch pressure coefficient (C,&; however, this
dependency does not affect the iteration process.
31
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

ANSI/ASME PTC 1 1-1984
5.2.1 Guidelines for Initial Estimation of Probe Coefficient. To begin calculations, initial values of Ktj
and Kvj must be selected. The selection of an appropriate value makes the calculation procedure
converge more rapidly, often making iteration unnecessary. Followingare guidelines to help the initial
selection of K,j and Kvj.
(a) For Pitot-static probe, Kfj and Kvj = 1.0 and need not be changed.
(b) For other probes, the Ktjand KvjversusR,curvesshould be relativelyflat in the range of interest,
hence any reasonable first estimates of Ktj and Kvj should produce satisfactory results. The following
ideas are suggested.
(7) Select the values of Kfj and Kvj a t the middle of the range of calibration data, or
(2) Use an average Ky and Kvj value based on the calibration data, or
(3) Estimate IR, from specified fan conditions and use corresponding K,j and Kvj values, or
(4) Estimate IR, from a typical point in the traverse data and use the corresponding K,i and Kvj
values.
5.2.2 Correction for Probe Calibration, Probe Blockage, and/or the Effects of Compressibility.
Measured values from traverses are ti, pvi and psi or pli.The remaining pressure can be calculated from
pt; = psi t pv;.Corrected values, (subscriptj) at each point shall be obtained from the measured values,
(subscript i ) at that point and probe coefficients Ktj and Kvj using
. .
p I]. = K IlPii (5.2-1)
(5.2-2)
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
(5.2-3)
Psaj= Psj + C13Pb (5.2-4)
(Pvj = O for reverse flow) and (5.2-5)
Tsj= Ti/(l + cT) where (Ti = t i + C,) (5.2-6)
j i s used to correct for probe blockage and is calculated by
C(1 - c p )
. =
-
Spj
(5.2-7)
4(1 - cp) -3 A
In these equations, (I - E,) and (1 + E T ) are compressibility corrections and are calculated by
(1 - E P ) = 1 - ik(F)
- (5.2-8)
38

ASME P T C * 3 3 8 4 W 0759670 0053335 3 W

and
(5.2-9)
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
provided that (KvjcpV;/psaj)

does not exceed 0.1. See Par. 3.3.6.
NOTE: The recovery factor of the temperature sensor is assumed to b e 0.85 [Ref. (13)].
5.3 GAS COMPOSITION

For the purposes of this Code, it i s sufficient to use a uniform gas composition and uniform values of
molecular weight, specific heats, and viscosity to characterize any particular plane. These values shall
be determined by arithmetic averaging of gas composition data and the use of arithmetic averages of
measured temperatures in the plane in question where temperatures are needed to determine the
appropriate gas properties.
5.3.1 Arithmetic Averages of Composition and Property Data. The average volume fraction of
constituent ( X ) , at plane x shall be calculated from the point value ( X ) j using
(5.3-1)
The average temperature T, at plane x (to be used only for purposes of defining gas composition and
properties) shall be calculated from the point values using 5
~
1 "
T,=-
n
ET/ (5.3-2)
5.3.2 Molecular Weight and Specific Humidity. The molecular weight of dry air i s 28.965. The
molecular weight of dry gas Md, shall be calculated from the average volume fractions (X), using
lMdg = 44.01(C02) + 28.02(N2) + 28.01(CO) + 32.00(02) + - * * (5.3-3)
The molecular weight of moist gas M, at plane x shall be calculated from
1
M, = (5.3- 4)
s 1
18.02(1 +S)
+ h f d g ( 1 + s)
Thespecific humiditys of moist atmosphericair can be calculated from the wet-bulbt, and dry-bulbtd
temperature measurements using
(5.3-5)

-_I__
ASME P T C * I I i 8 4 0 7 5 9 b 7 0 005L3Lb 3 W

and
(5.3-6)
These equations can also be used to calculate the specific humidity of any other wet gas, provided
reliable wet-bulb and dry-bulb temperature measurements can be made. Refer to the ASME Steam
Tables for values of hf,, h,, hf, and pe. Refer to Eq. (5.3-12) for the calculation of the specific heat of the
dry gases (Cpdg).
In the event a condensation/desiccation method is used to measure moisture content, a calculation
method appropriate to the measurement method shall be used.
5.3.3 Specific Heat [Ref. (14)]. The specific heat of dry air cpairshall be computed from
3.087 X I O 4
- -+
1.253 83.76
cP air = C5[0.343 -- (5.3-7)
(C3T)1/2 (C3T) (C3TY
The specific heat of the dry gas cpdgshallbe computed from the component specific heats cpxusing
6.53 X I O 3
16.2 - +-1.4 X I O 6
(C3T) (C37I2
cpco2 = c5 (5.3-8)
44.01
172 1530
11.515 - - - +
(C3T)2 (C37.1
cpo2 = c
5 (5.3-9)
32.0
9.47 -
3.47 X I O 3
+ 1.16 X I O 6
(C3T) (c3T)2
CpN2= c5 (5.3-10)
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
28.02
9.46 -
3.29 X I O 3
+ 1.07 X I O 6
(C37-1 (C3TI2
cpco = c
5 (5.3-11)
28.01
(5.3-12)
The specific heat of the water vapor c ~ shall

H be~ calculated
~ from
(5.3-1 3)
40

ASME PTC*LL 84 0 7 5 7 b 7 0 005L3L7 5

The specific heat of moist air cpmashall b e calculated f r o m
- 1 S
- cpair l+s c ~ H ~ O l+s (5.3-14)
The specific heat o f t h e wet gas cpwsshall b e calculated f r o m
I 5
%w = l+s + pH20 (5.3-1 5)
5.3.4 Specific Cas Constant and Specific Heat Ratios. The specific gas constant R shall b e calculated
from t h e molecular weight IM, and t h e universal constant R, using
(5.3-1 6)
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
The specific heat ratio k is
(5.3-1 7)
5.3.5 Viscosity [Ref (15)]. The viscosity of air pairshall b e calculated from
1 O.874 ( C3T )32

Pair = C4 x IO-^ (5.3-18)
C3T + 199
The viscosities of t h e gas components px shall b e calculated from
12.721 (C3T)3/2
x 10-~ (5.3-19)
02 = c4(c3r +
515.04)
10.86 (C3T)32
Pco = c4 x IO-^ (5.3-20)
+
(C3T 214.72)
10.75 (C3T)3/2
x 10
= c4(C3T +
204.67) (5.3-21)
13.11 (C3T)3/2
Po, = c4
+
(C,T 238.54) (5.3-22)
12.03 (C3T)3/2
x IO-^ (5.3-23)
PH20 = c4
+
(C3T 987.4)
The viscosity of moist air pma shall b e calculated f r o m
28.965s
pma 4 spair + -
18.02
(5.3-24)
41

ASME P T C * L L 84 W 0 7 5 9 6 7 0 005L3LB 7
~ ~

--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
The viscosity of the moist gas pmgshall be calculated from
tJ440i (CO,)+ J3200(0,)-t J2801( C O )
+ (N,) + * *
-[ -1)
- + d.18.02 sMdg
(5.3-25)
18.02
5.4 DENSITY
5.4.1 Atmospheric Air. The density of atmospheric air in the vicinity of the test shall be determined
from measurementsof dry-bulb temperature t d , wet-bulb temperature t,, and barometric pressurepb
using Fig. 5.1 or a curve fit similar to the following. The saturated vapor pressure pe and the partial
pressure pp of water vapor in air can be determined from
pe = cstW +~ ~+ cBt , ~ (5.4-1)
for air between 4OoF and 100F (5OC and 4OoC), and
(5.4-2)
The density of the atmospheric air-vapor mixture po shall be calculated using the ideal gas
relationship
CIO(Pb - 0.378Pp)
Po = (5.4-3)
R(td + CI)
The point values of density shall then be calculated from
(5.4-4)
5.4.2 Cas Products of Combustion. The density of products of combustion pj at each point shall be
calculated from absolute pressure psa,absolute temperature sj,
and specific gas constant R using the
ideal gas relationship
(5.4-5)
5.5 FLUID VELOCITY

5.5.1 Point Velocities. The velocity Vj a t each point in a traverse plane shall be calculated from
vj = C I 2 6 (5.5-1)
42
/ -l
Provided
- by
yIHS under license with ASME
ASME PTC*LL !Li W 0 7 5 7 6 7 0 005L3L7 7 W

--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Wet-Bulb Depression, OF
Air Density - Ibrn/ft3
FIG. 5.1 PSYCHROMETRIC DENSITY CHART

(Reprinted from Standard 51-75 by permission of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.)
43

-
ASME P T C * L L 84 m 0 7 5 7 6 7 0 0 0 5 3 3 2 0 5 m

5.5.2 Correction for Probe Calibration Coefficient. For each point j , calculate the probe Reynolds
Number IR, using
(5.5 -2)
Using the probe calibration, obtain new values of Ktj and Kvjat each point. Recompute ptj, K,,, psi,
psaj,pvj, and Tsj at each point using new K,j and Kvjin Eqs. (5.2-1), (5.2-2), (5.2-3), (5.2-4), (5.2-5), and
(5.2-6). Recompute velocity at each point Vj using newp, in Eq. (5.5-1). At any point at which the value
of Ktj and Kvj has been changed by more than 0.1%, it will be necessary to repeat the calculations of Pars.
5.2,5.3,5.4, and 5.5 using corrected values of measured pressures and temperatures. If no points have
Ktj and Kvj changed by more than 0.1%, calculations may proceed using the latest values of Vj,ptj,Kvj,,
Psj, pvj, and Tsj.
5.6 MASS FLOW RATE

5.6.1 Mass Flow Rate at Plane x. The mass flow rate h, at plane x shall be calculated from
m, = &hi),
,=1
= 51
c2 n
2
,=I
( p j q cos *j cos 4j) (5.6-1)
5.6.2 Fan Mass Flow Rate. If fi1 and f i 2are both acceptable, see Par. 4.2.3.
(5.6-2)
if only n i 1 or f i 2 i s acceptable, r h F = f i l or ni2as appropriate. (5.6-3)
If neither fi, nor f i 2i s acceptable, r r i F = m 3 . (5.6- 4)
5.7 FLOW WEIGHTED AVERAGES

The averages which properly represent the mass and energy flows through the fan and reduce to the
customary one-dimensional values in the case of uniform, parallel, constant density gas motion shall be
calculated as follows [Ref. (IO)].
5.7.1 Average Static Pressure at Plane x
(5.7-1)
n
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
(Vi cos * j cos 4j)

j=l
5.7.2 Average Density at Plane x
( p j y cos * j cos 4 j )
j=l
- C2nh,
Px = n
-
n
(5.7-2)
(Vi cos t / ~cos

~ 4j) A, (Vi cos i,hj COS 4 )
j=l j=l
44

ASME P T C * i t L 8 4 m 0759670 005L32L 7 m
ANSI/ASME PTC i 1 -1 984

5.7.3 Average Temperature at Plane x
2
j=1
(Tsjpjycos Qj cos c $ ~ )
-
Ax 2
j=1
(Tsjpjqcos fij COS 4j)
Tsx E - (5.7-3)
C,n m x
2j =1
( p j y cos * j cos 4j)
5.7.4 Average Specific Kinetic Energy at Plane x
(5.7- 4)
5.7.5 Kinetic Energy Correction Factor at Plane x
- 2gc P,' e Kx A:
cix = (5.7-5)
m,2
5.7.6 Average Velocity Pressure at Plan
PxeKx
PW=- (5.7-6)
c
11
5.7.7 Average Total Pressure at Plane x
PIX = Psx + PYX (5.7-7)
5.7.8 Average Absolufe Pressures at Plane x
Prax = Psx -k c13Pb (5.7-8)
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Ptax = Ptx -k c13Pb (5.7-9)
5.8 FAN INPUT POWER

The fan input power PI shall b e calculated from o n e of t h e following as appropriate.
5.8.1 AC Motors (Three Phase)
(5.8-1)
45

ASME P T C * 3 3 BL( W 0 7 5 7 b 7 0 0 0 5 3 3 2 2 7 ~~
ANSI/ASME PTC 1 1-1984

5.8.2 DC Motors (Calibrated)
E'l'qh.1
P, = ~
(5.8-2)
c14
5.8.3 Torque Meters
p - TN
(5.8-3)
I - -
cl
5
5.8.4 Steam Turbines. (Refer to PTC 6 or PTC 6s.)
P, = PT (5.8- 4)
5.9 FAN SPEED (SLIP METHOD)

When the speed i s measured by the slip method, the stroboscope i s operated on line frequency and
the slip i s determined by measuring the period of time a single mark on the shaft 'passes a fixed
reference mark illuminated by the strobe light a set number n of times (e.g., ten times). Fan speed shall
be calculated using
120n
slip = - (5.9-1)
tnP
120
synchronous s p e e d = - (5.9-2)
nP
N = (synchronous s p e e d ) - (slip) (5.9-3)
5.10 MASS FLOW RATE - SPECIFIC ENERGY APPROACH

When the mass flow rate - specific energy approach [Ref. (I)]is selected, the following calculations
shall be performed.
5.10.1 Fan Mass Flow Rate. (Refer to Par. 5.6.2.)

5.10.2 Fan Mean Density
+ P2
P1
Pm = 2 (5.10-1)
5.10.3 Fan Specific Energy
(5.10-2)
5.10.4 Fan Output Power
mFYF
Po = - (5.10-3)
6
46
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

ASME PTC*3L BL( = 0759670 0053323 O W

5.10.5 Compressibility Coefficient
(5.1O-4)
5.10.6 Fan Efficiency

--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
PO
rl=- (5.10-5)
Pr
5.10.7 Conversion Calculations for hFand yF [Ref. (16)]. When operating conditions differ from
specified operating conditions, converted performance shall be calculated using
b=($r(z) (5.1O-6)
Kpc = 1 - b(I - K,)

qkc - ( k c - I)(I + b[l + K p l ) (5.10-7)
qk - (k - 1)(1 + [I + K,])
Plc
Pmc =- (5.10-8)
K,C
(5.10-9)
Y, = Y, (2) 2
(5.10-10)
MFcYFc
Po, = - (5.10-11)
PIC= P/ (2)(5)
KPC
(5.10-12)
77, = f (5.10-13)
5.11 VOLUME FLOW RATE - PRESSURE APPROACH

When the volume flow rate - pressure approach [Ref. (I)]i s selected, the following calculations
shall be performed.
5.11.1 Fan Cas Density
(5.11-1)
47
_-,-
ASME P T C m 1 1 8 4 H 0 7 5 b 7 0 0051324 .Z H

O 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.0% 0.09

z
FIG. 5.2 COMPRESSIBILITY COEFFICIENTS (VOLUME FLOW - PRESSURE APPROACH)

(Reprinted from Standard 51-75 by permission of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.)
48
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

5.11.2 Fan Volume Flow Rate
c2m F
QF=- (5.I1-2)
PF
5.11.3 Fan Pressures
Fan total pressure pFL= p12-pli (5.11-3)
P2eK2
Fan velocity pressure pFv= - (5.11-4)
CI1
Fan static pressure pFs= pF1- pFv (5.11-5)
5.11.4 Compressibility Coefficient
(5.11- 6 )
x = - PFl (5.11-7)
Ptal
zln(1 +x)
K, = xln(1 [or use Fig. 5.21 (5.11-8)
+z)
(5.11-9)
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
5.11.6 Efficiency
PO
Fan total efficiency r][ =- (5.I 1-1O)
p/
@ (5.11-11)
Fan static efficiency qs =
P Fl
5.11.7 Conversion Calculations for QFand pFt[Ref. (4)].W h e n actual operating conditions differ from
t h e specified operating conditions, converted performance shall b e calculated using
(5.I 1-12)
49

ASME PTC*LL 8 4 0 7 5 9 b 7 0 005L32b b

a = In(1 + x c ) = In(1+ x ) In(1+ z ) (5.1 1-13)
xc = e a - 1 (5.11-14)
(5.11-15)
Kpc = K p / K p / K p c (5.1 1-16)
(5.11-17)
(5.11-18)
(5.11-19)
PFsc = PFlc - PFvc (5.1 1-20)
(5.11-21)
PI C -- P /-(;(y3(:)
j (5.11-22)
P Fsc
rlic = rlti rlsc = vi - (5.11-23)
PFlc
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
5.12 UNCERTAINTIES
Systematic U s and us and random U R and uR uncertainties shall be calculated for each of the
performance variables according t o the approach chosen for calculating the results of the test. The
systematic and random uncertainties for any particular variable can be combined using
u2 = (uR12 (us)2 + or u2= (uR)+ (U)* (5.12-1, 5.12-2)
The equations listed below (some of which are derived in Appendix D)shall be applied to both
random and systematic uncertainties by substituting the appropriate individual values. The individual
values should reflect the actual circumstances. (Appendix E lists ihdividual values that generally reflect
circumstances that meet Code specifications.)
Paragraphs 5.12.1 through 5.12.11 apply to both approaches. Paragraphs 5.12.12 through 5.12.16 apply
only to the mass flow rate - specific energy approach. Paragraphs5.12.17 through 5.12.22 apply only
to the volume flow rate - pressure approach.
50

ASME P T C * 3 3 BL1 m 0 7 5 9 b 7 0 0053327 B m

5.12.1 Mass Flow Rate at Plane x
(5.1 2-3)
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
(5.12-4, 5.12-5)
(5.12-6, 5.1 2-7)
as appropriate. See Par. 5.6.2.
A general equation will be useful in calculating uncertainties of other results.
un;F= &Un;, + w;u:, + (5.1 2-8)
where
m F Wl w2 w3
(Ih, + m2)/2 1/2 1/2 O

ml 1 O O
4 O 1 O
4 O O 1
5.12.3 Average Static Pressure at Plane x
(5.1 2-9)
5.12.4 Average Density at Plane x
(5.12-1O)
Psaj
5.12.5 Average Temperature at Plane x
(5.12-11)
51

-
~ ASME PTC*LL 8 4
~~ m 0 7 5 9 6 7 0 0053328 T m

5.12.6 Average Specific Kinetic Energy at Plane x
tan2Gjij tan2 +
(5.12-12)
+ 4( 57.302
wh re
' v;cos2 +j cos2
eKj= 2
5.12.7 Average Velocity Pressure at Plane x
(5.12-13)
5.12.8 Average Total Pressure at Plane x
u2 ='I 2(3) 2(
n2 I =1 PIX
2
upsj+
I =1
pvjcos2*j
PIX 1
2
(5.12-14)
5.12.9 Average Absolute Pressure at Plane x
(5.12-15)
5.12.10 Fan Input Power
u2
P/
- 2
- uFsp + u : +
~ for AC motors (5.12-16)
upl = uFsp + u: + u:
+ for DC motors (5.12-17)
u'., = uFsp + u: + u; for torque meters (5.12-18)
u;, = u& + up, for turbines (5.12-19)
5.12.11 Fan Speed
u; = u; for electronic counters (5.12-20)
u; = U: + u: for slip method (5.1 2-21)
52
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

ASME PTC*LL B Y W 0759670 0051329 L W

5.12.12 Fan Mean Density
(5.1 2-22)
5.12.13 Fan Specific Energy
u;+(~)[(PliP;p;Psl)
m Pi
+ ( P2(P;p-
2
Psl)
+ -)
Pv2
2
m P2
+ Pvl Psl Pl(Ps2 - PSl) Psl PSl
( PI P s a l 2 ~ : Psal Pm
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
+ (y + (y I
- u2
Pvl - upv2 (5.12-23)
53

~
ASME PTC*LL 8 4-~9 0 7 5 9 6 7 0 0051330 B W
ANSVASME PTC 11-1984

, m,
2
+w( --3 u)
p, + ( ~ + - ) 2 u : v 2 + ( - l ; h w3m3
;)2u;v3 (5.12-24)
2mF YF YF
5.12.15 Fan Efficiency
u; = u;, + u;/ (5.12-25)
5.12.16 Conversions
U i F C= u& + u; + (5.12-26)
u;Fc= u;F + 4u; (5.12-27)
UiOC = + su; + u;
Uio (5.I 2-28)
u& = u;, + su; + u;, (5.12-29)
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
u',c = u', (5.12-30)
5.12.17 Fan Gas Density
UEF = u;, (5.1 2-31)
5.12.18 Fan Volume Flow Rate
(5.12-32)
54
Copyright ASME International ,

r-- -
\
I
ASME PTC*LL 8 4 W 0757670 0 0 5 3 3 3 3 T

5.12.19 Fan Pressure
(5.12-33)
(5.12-34)
(5.12-35)
(5-12-36)
5.12.21 Efficiency
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
(5.12-37)
LJGS = UBI (5.12-38)
5.12.22 Conversions
(5.12-39)
(5.I2-40)
u;Fvc = UPFv + 4 4 + u;l (5.12-41)

55

ASME P T C m 3 3 8 4 rn 0757670 0053332 L rn
~

upsc= up, + 4u; + up, (5.12-42)
up,, = up, + su; + up, (5.12-43)
= u;, + su; + ug (5.12-44)
u2 = 2 (5.12-45)
Itc UVt
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
56

ASME PTC*LL 8 4 m 0759670 0 0 5 3 3 3 3 3 m

SECTION 6 - REPORT OF RESULTS

6.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS in charge of the test, and the representatives of the
various parties to the test. it should clearly identify:
The results of the test shall be presented in a (a) manufacturer
written report.
(6) type of fan(s)
The preparation of the report shall be the respon-
(c) serial number(s)
sibility of the person in charge of the test who shall
(d) owner and location
certify its correctness.
(e) specified fan boundaries
Prior to writing the report, the parties shall
( f ) specified fan performance
decide whether to use SI units, U.S. customary
(g) specified operating conditions
units, or both. This selection will generally depend
A description of the system of which the fan i s a
upon the units in which the fan performance i s
part and any other auxiliary apparatus, the opera-
specified.
tion of which may influence the test result, shall be
included. If any modifications have been made to
the fan or to those parts of the system that would
affect fan performance which are deviations from
6.2 TEST REPORT
the original design, they shall be described in
The following subsections shall be included in detail.
the test report. The descriptions of each of the
subsections that follow include the information
6.2.3 Test Procedure. The test procedure shall deal
that shall be contained in the test report.
with the sequence of events followed during the
(a) Abstract
test program. items such as equipment operating
(b) introduction
conditions for the various tests shall be described.
(c) Test Procedure
For instance, in a system with multiplefans, the test
(d) Instruments and Methods of Measurement procedure may include tests of each fans perfor-
(e) Methods of Calculation
mance as well as of all fans operating in unison. The
( f ) Results
test procedure must indicate which fan was operat-
(g) Discussion
ing during each test. Any preliminary exploration
(h) Conclusions required to locate traverse planes shall be de-
( i ) Appendices
scribed here.
6.2.1 Abstract. The abstract i s intended to provide a

6.2.4 Instruments and Methods of Measurement.
brief introduction to and summary of the test. It
This portion of the report shall describe what
shall state the location and type of fan, the reason instrumentation was used for the test, where it was
for testing, the specified fan performance, the
located, and how it was calibrated. Details concern-
measured fan performance converted to specified
ing the instrumentation used, including the instru-
operating conditions, and the conclusions drawn
ments manufacturer, model number, serial num-
from the test results.
ber, and date of calibration, shall be located in
either this section or, i f preferred, in an appendix
6.2.2 Introduction. The introduction shall identify depending upon the quantity of information to be
the fan being tested, and list the authorization for included. The location of each instrument i s usually
the test, the test objective, contractual obligations best identified on a sketch of the fan and duct
and guarantees, stipulated agreements, the person system. if instruments or measurement methods
51
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

ASME P T C * 3 3 84
~~
m 0759670
~
0053334 5 M

other than those specified in this Code are adopted, Graphical presentations such as plotting the test
reasons for such decisions shall be explained in point@)on the specified fan curves may be helpful
detail. in presenting and interpreting the results.
6.2.5 Methods of Calculation. The techniques used 6.2.7 Discussion. The results and observations ob-
to reduce the raw data to fan performance parJm- tained from the test shall be discussed. Possible
eters shall be documented. A sample calculation sources of errors in the test and the uncertainties of
which may be a computer output or a calculation the results shall also be discussed. Actions taken by
sheet shall be presented. This section shall explain the person in charge of the test to remedy incon-
any conversion factors applied to the test measure- sistencies in accordance with Par. 3.10 shall be
ments to compensate for deviations in the test documented here.
conditions from those specified.
6.2.8 Conclusions. Any conclusions drawn from
the test results shall be simply stated or itemized.
6.2.6 Results. The test resultsshallbe presented in a
clear format such as the Results Summary Sheet
from Appendix A of this Code. This presentation 6.2.9 Appendices. This portion of the report should
shall include both the measured fan performance, include any information that will clarify any portion
fan performance converted to specified operating of the test report or make it a complete, self-
conditions, and uncertainties in the performance contained document. This can include, without
variables. Sufficient information about uncer- being limited to, tabulated data, equipment or
tainties shall be presented so that both systematic instrumentation illustrations, calibration apparatus
and random components can be identified. Gen- details, results of preliminary inspections and trials,
eral observations concerning the test environment, computer codes, computer output, and any special
fluctuations of test conditions, or other things calculations such as those to determine the uncer-
relevant to the test shall be recorded in this section. tainties of the measurements or results.
58
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

ASME PTCmLL AL( 0757670 0053335 7
APPENDIX A
TYPICAL RESULTS *SUMMARY

AND DATA SHEETS
59
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

ASME PTC*KLL BY ~
0 7 5 b 7 0 005133b ~
RESULTS S U M M A R Y
Date Test No. Time: From to
User Plant Name/Unit No.
Fan: Function Mfg. M o d e l No.
Contract Curve No. Serial No.
SPECIFIED OPERATING CONDITIONS:

--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Fan Speed N Specific Heat Ratio k

Inlet Gas Temperature t, Gas Being M o v e d
Inlet Static Pressure p,, Inlet Density total or static 0
DESIGN FAN PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS:
Flow Rate mF or QF0 Fan Input Power Pl
Fan Pressure pFs0 or pFi 0
Fan Specific Energy y,
INLET CHARACTERISTICS:
Duct Area A, No. Ports No. Points/Port
Probe Type
OUTLET CHARACTERISTICS:
Probe Type
FLOW TRAVERSES AT OTHER THAN FAN BOUNDARIES:

Identify Location
Probe Type
* RESULTS:
OPERATING CONDITIONS:
Fan Speed N Inlet Gas Temperature t ,
inlet Static Pressure psi Outlet Static Pressure pl2
Barometric Pressure po Line Frequency f
Dry Gas Composition by % CO, %O2 % CO
Volume measured at %N, % %
Inlet 0 or Discharge 0 % % %
inlet density total O or s t a t i c 0 Specific Humidity s
Specific Heat Ratio k
* FAN PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS:

Converted to Specified
As Measured Operating Conditions
Flow Rate mF or QF
Fan Pressure pFs0or pF,0
Fan Specific Energy yF
Fan Input Power PI
Fan Efficiency 11 0 vi 0 or 11, 0
NAMES OF TEST PERSONNEL:
Approved
Test Supervisor: Date
* Ideniify measurement units
60

ASME PTC*33 8 4 0759b70 0 0 5 3 3 3 7 O
FAN TEST DATA SHEET
TEST DATE TIME to PAGE of
Fan: Function I dent if cation No. Barometric Press.
Recorded by Checked by
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Am bient Temp.
Probe No.
Additional sheets should be prepared for data on speed, input power, ambient conditions, and gas
properties. Sample data sheets appear on the following two pages.
61

ASME PTC*1L 84 W 0 7 5 9 6 7 0 0051338 2 W
SAMPLE DATA SHEET

GAS ANALYSIS A N D AMBIENT CONDITIONS
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Date Time: From to Recorded by
Test No. Fan Identification No.
62

ASME PTC*LL 84 = 0759b70 0051339 4 =
SAMPLE D A T A SHEET
POWER
SPEED
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
I20 X line freq. (cps) 120 X no. counts* -
Speed = Synchronous - slip =
no. of motor poles seconds* X no. of poles
Speed = Pulse freq.* (cps) -

-
60 X no. pulses/rev.
Torque* (ft Ib) X rpm -
-
Power =
33,000
f i x volts* x amps* x power factor** x motor eff. X meter calib. coeff.
Power =
745.7
- hP
*Average quantities **Power factor = cos (average phase angle)
Date Time: From to Recorded by
Test No. Fan Identification No.
63

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS - - Not for Resale
ASME PTC*LL 8 4 0759b70 005L340 O
APPENQIX B
COMPUTER CODE AND
INPUT FORMS
The following computer code was originally developed under a grant from the Electrical Power
Research Institute and modified by the PTC 11 Committee. This computer code is available i n the
tape form from:
Electric Power Software Center
University Computing Company
1930 Hiline Drive
Dallas, Texas 75207
(214) 655-8883
65
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

ASME PTC*LL BL( 0759670 005L34L 2 =
eB
h
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
67

ASME PTC*KLL A4 0759670 0051343 b
3
4 c T H I S PRCGRAH U I L L C A L C U L A T E THE PERFORMAkCE
5 C OF A F A H U S I N G THE METHOD P R E S C R I B E D I h : C
6 C C
7 C A.Sak'eEo ~ O T I C ~ 11 CRAFT CODE SEPTERBER 1 9 8 2 C
.-
8
9 c
P c.
10
1
12
c
C
T H I S COMPUTER CODE I S P R O V I D E D T O SERVE AS A G U I D E O N L Y .
NO C L A I M S ARE MADE O R I H P L I E D AS T O I T S COHRECT&ESSo C
13 C C
14 C * t ~ * 4 ~ ~ 9 ~ * * * ~ * ~ ~ 8 9 * 4 4 ~ $ * * 4 ~ 4 * 4 * $ $ * 4 ~ * 9 * 4 * 1 * ~ 4 * ~ 9 * ~ * 0 * ~ * ~ * ~ * * * * * * *
15 C t ~ * * 4 * 4 t t * * * * v * 4 * * * * ~ ~ * 4 * * ~ * * ~ ~ 4 4 * * * * ~ * * * * * * ~ ~ * ~ * ~ $ * * 9 * 4 ~ ~ 4 ~ ~ 4 ~ *
16 C
17 PROGRAHHED BY: K.J. DORSEY 9 U. OF AKRON C
16 C
19 DATE: SEPTEHEER 1983 C
20 C C
21 C UPDATEC BY: S.Po IUUSPL 9 EABCOCK t W i L C C X C
22 C C
23 C DATE: YAY 1981 C
24 C C
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
25 C UPCATEO BY: C
26 C
27 C DATE:
28 C
29 C*
33 C*
31 C
32 REAL JC tKVJC ,KTJ ,MU t M C O T 1 ,KDCTZ
3'
34 C
1 9 KC * h2 (KRHO ,N ,p VCOTC
MC0T ,HOOT3
35 INTEGER i
36 C
37 CHARACTER * 3 (AfJS ,TERM tTAG*:7
38 C
39 C
40
41 1
COWMOIU / AVRGS / YSlT ,PTX
(RhOX
;E:$ ,PVX
9 ALPHAX
(PSAX pPTAX 9
42
43
44
COKMON
COVMON
/
/
COkST
CGFiST1
/
/
RO
C :$E 9 GC
VIAIR WIMASS t I P O k '

COMMON / CNTRL / NP ?NT
,IPR 1PB
45 CORMON / CCISTRL / I U
46 CORMOF( / GATA1 / PTI *PSI yPVI ,TI ,YAW I
47 IDPRB PlTCt!
48 lCOHMOFI / OATAJ / PTJ :BSJ ,PVJ rTSJ (PSAJ 9
49 AREA PRHOJ tPITCl'J
53 'COFMON / GAS / CO2 902 SC0 ,ri2 ?S
El C f j M M O h / PPFRY / RHO1 (RHO2 ,EK1 ,EKZ ,POW1 ,POU0 9
52 1 POROC ( R P M l ,RPKC pKC (RHOlC p T l C t
s3 PTAiC
SY 'C3PMCh / PRFRM1 / ALPHAlVALPHA2
55 COt4MOh / 3 U T P E / MbOTC ( Y F C IPOWIC rKRHCC ( E T A C (RHOHC
56 COP.MON / L J F A S S / UHDTFRtUYFR 9LPIR V U E T A R (URHOKRTUPOR 9
57 IJMDTFStUYFS StJPIS ( U E T A S ,URHCI"S,UPOS
58 l C O V M O h / LVASSC / UYDTCR,UYFCK ~ U k H C k , U P D T C S ~ U Y F C S(URHCCS
59 C O Y M O N / OUTVP / OFC ,PFTC ,PFVC VPFSC ,KPC ,ETA$C 9
60 1 ETAT VETATC ,ETAS
61 P
COPMCIJ / PROP / K ,H ,Pli
62
63 CUHMON / PAh / UAR (URR I U T S J P ,GPVLR (UPSJR ,UPBR 9
64 1 UYAriR 9UPCPR ,UETAPR,U'dR ,UER (UIR t
65 2 UTAUR ,UhR PUPTR (UFNR
66
67 1
C O 14 M O N / L S Y S / UAS ,URS ,I;TSJS
UYAk'S (UPCHS tUETAf'S*UWS
,UPVJS ,UPSJS
VUES
PUPBS
1UIS
,,
68 2 UTAUS ( U h S IL'PTS IclFNS
69 / YCT1R / UMDTlR,UPSlR ,URHOlR,LiTSlR ,UEKlR (UPVlR t
70 1 I'O N
!.I UPTLR , U P S A l R
71 COEMON / U h C T i l R / UYDTZR,UP52R , U R H 0 2 R > T S Z R VUtKhR (UPV2R t
72 1 UPT2R ,OPSA22
73 COMMON / U N C T i S / UMDTlStUPS1S ,UEHOlStUTS1S
U P T ' S ,UPSP S
,UEKlS ,UPVlS ,
775' 'COMMON / UEtCTZS / UMDf2S,UPS22 (URH02SvUTSZS 1UEKZS t U P V 2 S t
68

ASME P T C U L L BLJ m 0 7 5 9 b 7 0 005L3LJ4 B m
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
76 1 U P T i S (UPSAZS
77 COMMO& / U h C T J R / U M O T ~ R I U P S ~ R ,URHOZR*UTS3R VUEK3R sUPV3R
Ta 1 U P T 3 R pUPSA3R
79 COMMON / Uh'CT3S / U M D T 3 S p U P S 3 S i U R H O 3 S t U T S 3 S t U E K 3 S r U P V 3 S t
80 1 UPT3S tUPSA5S
ai COMMON / L'NCRT / UMCOT (UPX ,URHOX VUTSX ,UEKX 9UPVX t
82 1 UPTX ,UPSX (UPSAX
83 COMMON / STDY / UFSMR (UFSQR (UFSYR rUFSPTR,UFSROR,UFSNR
84
85
86
1
1
COMYOhr
UFSPR
/ PLNAVG / MDOT1 r M D O T 2 gMCOT3
PS3 (PVl ,PV2
;Frl (PSl
,PT2
tPSZ
rPSA1
t
9
87 2 PSAZ pPSA3 tTS1 pTS2 (PFT ,PFS 9
88 3 PFV
a9 COMMON / UVOPRF! / UQFR : f j F F T R VUPFVR t U P F S R ,UETATRpUETASR,
90 1C0+4MCh / UVOPRS / U URVOFR
QFS ( U P F T S ( U P F V S pUPFSS S U E T A T S t U E T A S S t
I 91
92 1 URHOFS
93 COMtlOk / UVPCR / UQFCR t U P F T C R , U P F S C R , U P F V C ! ? ~ U P I C R tUPOCR 9
1 UETACR
:i! C0MMOf.i / UVPCS / UQFCS , U P F T C S , U P F S C S g U P F V C S , U P I C S ,UPOCS t
96 r 1 UETACS
97
98
99
1CG
i C 1
1ci
103
104
iC5
16:
106
129
11G
111
112
113 CALL FTAG ( T A G )
114 CALL F b C S F ( * u A S C , C P ' / / T A G )
115 CALL F A C S F ( * a U S E A L T - : R * t * / / T A G )
116 . OPEN(TOvFILE='ALT-PRe pTYPE=*APRNTA*,HRECL=lZ2)
117
118
148
i%
i334
125 OPEN(15,FILt='LA5*UNCERT*~A~~ESS=",FOR~~*U~FC~~ATTED*~~ECL
126 1 ,RCUS=l,ASSOC=IRECtSTATUS- OLU')
127 REAG l S * l ) U F S M R ~ U F S Q R ~ U F S Y ! ? ~ U F S P T R ~ U F S R O R , U F S h R ~ U F S P R
123 P CLCSf!(15)
129 L
132 LiMDT3R
IJPV3P
=
Ceci
111 Z UeC
UPSA3i7 Z 2 . G
i1 334 UPS3R
URHOJR
CeCi
=
C*G
135 UTS3R z CeC
136
137
UEK3R
UNDT3S
==
iIeC
OeU
13d
179
UPUSS
UPT3S ==
0.c
3eC
140
;;i
144
145
146
147 L :- 3u
148 n
NOTi
149
153
151
69

1 5 -*
150
154
155
156
157
i58
159
163
161 L
162 IF ( TERM rECa *YES* 1 CALL I N P U T 1 ( LtICALC>TD,TU,IH 1
163 IF ( TERM aEQa 'ND' 1 CALL INPUT ( L,ICALC,TD,TW,IH 1
164
165
166
167
168
169
173
i;$
173
174
.
175
i76
177
178
179
182
lei L
L6Z 3 5 CONTINUE
183 C
184 TX = GeC
185 C
106
137
D O 51 I
DO 5b J E- 1;::
168 C
189 TX = TX + TI(I,J)
19 C
191 5 3 CONTINUE
192
193
194
195
196 C
197 C CALCULATE AVLRAGE GAS P R O P E R T I E S AT T H E TEST PLPFiE
198 C SUBROUTINE G A S P R P C
199
200
ZC1
2 C2
$82
225 C
206 C CORRECT THE PRESSURE A h D TEMPERATURE R E A D I h G S 5EFCFiE
C A L C U L A T I N G AVEfiAGE Y A L U E t o j F C f H E TEST P L A N E
207
2 li8 E S B R O U IhtE
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
IF TERN a E Q . ' N O ' 1 THEN
E2 2 12 P
IF
(
( ( YP *Ei; a l 1 .AND* ( KT a E P a 1 1 1 G C T O 60
22 3
224
225
226
227
70
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

ASME PTC*LL 8 4 m 0757b70 0 0 5 3 3 4 6 3 m
228
229
235
231
232 WRITE ( Z 9 5 O Z G
233 JRITE(Z,SGBG)
24 WRITE(Zv53e)
235 WRITE(Z,SC20)
236 56 WRITC(Z,5O1)
237 C
238
239
$$Y
242 C
O0 bC I = 1,NP
243 WRTTE(Z,SCZU)
244 C
24 5
246 C
DO 6 0 J = 1,hT
247
248
24 9
255
251
$B
254
;i;
258
259
260 r
6 G COFITINUE
261 b
262 IF ( NOTE .EQ. 1 THE&
263 WRITE(Zv515)
264 END IF
265 EN0 F
266 C
Kbl
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
L
C A L C U L A T E AVERAGE PROPERTY VALUES I N TEST P L A N E
$9; C
C
n
S U B F O U T I N E AVRGES
C
C
$321
273
274
275
276
277
278
279 L
2aa C SAVE VALUES OF P E R T I N E N T V A R I A E L E S \ A T F A N I N L E T C
28 1 c AND C A L C U L A T E U N C E R T A I N T I E S C
282 C S U B R O U T I N E UNCERT
283
284
285
$8 70
%PT = MDOT
== PSX
1;;
291
PSA1
P T A ~
RHO
CKl
;gj&
EKX
PSAX
292 CP 1 = CP
293
294
TS 1 == TSX
PVX
295 P Tl
pvl z PTX
296 A L P H A 1 2 ALPHAX
297
298 C A L L UYCERT ( l,VJ,C(2l,C( 1 i C
299
3QrJ
301
3 s3
71

-
.
ASME PTC*LL llv

~~ 0759670 0053347 3 W
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
304 UEKlR = SQRTtUEKX)

305 UP 1 R i7 ( U
3C6 UPVlR ? SERftUyXI
307 n UPSAlR = SQRT(UPSAX1
3ca L
309 I
311i
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
32G
321
322
32 3 C
324 SAVE WALUES OF P E R T I N E N T V A R I A B L E S AT F A N OUTLET
AND C A L C U L A T E U N C E R T A I N T I E S C
325
326 SUBROUTINE UKCERT
327
328
329
330
331
332
!?HO2 RHGX
33z EK2 = EKX
33: bvS5
.~ ? ?$Il
337 PT"
Psi2
== PTX
PSAX
328
ALPHA2 = ALPHAX
3:;
341
c
342 L
34 3 UMDTZR = SQRT(UMD0T)
344 UPSZR = SQRT(UPSX)
345 URHOZR = SCHT (URHGX)
346 UTSZR
UEK2R
=
=
SQRT(UTSX)
SCRT(UEKX)
3 47
348 UPVZR
UPT2R
=
=
SQRT(UPVX)
SCRT(UPTX)
349
35L UPSA2R = SPRT ( U P S A X )
351 C
352 C A L L .INCEST 4 Z,VJ,C(ZI,C(ll)tC(l3)t~,RHOM,LtR
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361 n
362
36 3
364
365
366
528
369
373
371
372
373
374
375 C
376 CALL UNCERT ( l,VJ,C(Z),C(ll),C(13)rN,RHCM,L,R 1
377 C
378 U#OT 3K = SQRT ( t i H O T )
379 UPS3R = SCRT(UPSX)

ASME PTCmLL 8 4 M 0757b70 005L348 5 M
3a o URH03R = SCRT(UKH0X)
381 UTS3R
UEK3R
== SCRTUTSX)
SCRTCLEKX)
382
3a3 UPV3P
UPT3R
-f s HT(UPVX)
S8RTUPTX)
384
1856 I- UPSA3R = SQRT(UPSAX1
387
388
3a F UMCT 3s
UPSJS
== SQfiT (UMDOT 1
SCRT(LJPSX)
39LI
39 1 URHO3s = SGRT(URHOX)
392 UTS3S = SRT(IITSX)
393 UEK3S SGRT(liEKX)
394 UPV3S = SCRT(UPVX)
395 UPT3S = SQRT(bPTXi
396 UPSA3S SQAT ( U P S A X )
397 l.
398 95 I F ( IMASS
IF ( IMASS
.Ge
,EC.
1 1 MDOT
2 1 MDOT
== HOOT1
MDOT2
399
I F ( IHASS .EO. 3 1 MOOT == ( MOOT1 + MDOTZ 1 / L
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
400
401 I F ( IHASS eE2. 4 1 HDOT MOOT3
4c2 I F ( ICALC *EO. 2 ) G O T O IC0
4c3 C
4c4 I F ( TERM . E O . *NO* 1 WRITE(Z,5O)
405
4C6
4Q7
428 C A L C U L A T E F A N PERFORMANCE U S I N G THE
409 F A S S FLOvi R A T E / S P E C I F I C ENERGY APPRCACH
415 A NO CA L C U L A T E UN CE R T A IPi T IES
411 S U B R O U T I R Z MASNRG
412 S U B R O U T I Y E UNCERT
413
414
415
416
417
4ie
419
420
421
422
423
Y24
425
425 L
427 I F ( TERM .EC. 'NO' C A L L OUTM M G O T ~ K H O C ~ K R H O ~ E T A1 ~ I U
428 I F ( TERY . E C e 'YES' 1 CALL CUTW1 C II, 9 KRHC 1
429
43iJ
431
432
4 33
434
435
436
437 C A L C U L A T E FAFU PERFORMANCE U S I N G THE
435 VOLUME FLOk S A T E I P Q E S S U R E APPRCACH
439 AND C A L C U L A T E U N C E R T A I N T I E S
44il S I I C R O U T i N L VOLPRS
44 i SUBROL'TINE UNCERT
442
443
444
445
446
447
443
449
450
tg$
451
4 54
455
13

456
457
458
459
463
461
462
463 .
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
464
465
468
m C
46Y CALL F A C S F ( * i J F R E E w R A L T - P R . ' )
$it n
CALL F A C S F ( * a A S G , A A L T - P R . '
CALL F A C S F ( * B S Y M A L T - P R . , , P d l * )
472
473
474
475
476
477
4 78
4 7?
48J
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
49i3
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
5c.s
5c1
5c2
503
5c4
505
5c6
507
5CB
529
51U
511
512
i P R T r L LABSRCeINPUT
74

,- .
\
ASME P T C * 3 3 BL( m 0 7 5 7 b 7 0 0053350 3 m
A *L A.A E
L
( A c;Q9:%iz! ** * * * * * * ** ** * * + O ** * * ** ** **** * *** * ** 4 * * ** ** * * ** ** * * ****** **u c
3
4 C S U C R U T I N E I R P U T READS THE INP.UT DATA AhD ECHOS THE I N P U T
5 C DATA TO THE r ^ A I N F R A P P R I k T E R FGR V E R I F I C A T I O N BY THE USER C
6 c C
7
8
9
SUBROUTIhE I K P U T ( L V I C A L C ,TC ~ T l ,IP!JT 1
i9
12 R'LAL JC 9KC VNZ
13 INTEGER Z
14 CHARACTER ! L O C K 8 3
15
16 C O F f l O l ~ / CONST / RO t JC VGC
17 COHMOk P CGNST1 / C 1 cc
C C M Y O N / CNTRL / IPB 9IEIR 9 I M A S S VIPOW
18
19 C O H M O K / CCFiTRL
OVblON / BLKA E
/
/
NP
I U ;UR
23
21
22 1
EoMMos D A T A E $Yi
IDPRB
(PSI
(PVI
9 3(PITCH
(TI 9YAY v
23 COPMON / DATAJ / PTJ ,PSJ ,PVJ 9TSJ 9PSAJ v

24 1 AREA ( R H C J vPITCHJ
25 COMMOK / GAS / CO2 902 9co 9 N2 9s
26 COMMON / PRFRM / RHO1 ,RHO2 ,EK1 9K2 1POWI pPOW0 9
27 1 POkOC 9 R P H 1 (RPMC (KC gf?HOlC pT1C 9
26 2 pTA1C
29 CONMOFi / URAI; / UAR ,UR2 9UTSJR ,UPVJR ( U P S J R r U P B R
3u 1
1
UYArlR (UPCHR 9UETAPRpUkR
UTAUR rUNR SUPT2 9UFNR
,UER VUIR i
3:3 3 LCOHMON /
1
USYS / UAS TURS v U T S J S r U P V J S r U P S J S 9UPBS
U AUS TUPCHS fUETAPS,UWC 9UES *GIS
9
9
34 2 UiAUS tUhS (UPTS (UFNS
35 COMMON / STCY / UFSMR TUFSCR VUFSYR ,UFSPTR,UFSROR*LFSNR 9
36 1 UFSPR
37
3d 9
39
4s
41
42
43 C
44 DIMENSION TITLE(25) yPITCH(25,lC) v P X T C H J ( ~ ~ , ~ C I)
45 1 I F K T (25 * 1C 1
46 C
47
46
49
5rj-
5i
52
53
54
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
55
56
z;
59 C
L = L + 1
6;i c~*****~**~4*******~*************~**t*4*~*******4****~~****~*~****~*4*c
n
64
6~
03
t
C
RERE JOE T I T L E A K S COKTROL DATA
C*****4*4****44***4******~**************0~*****~**********************E
E
64
65 C
66 r
IF ( L sGT. 1 1 G O TO 7 5
67
60
69
7 .j.
71 C*g~*g~*4*t*a*0*0*0******~******4~*~******~**4***~~***44***~******~**~c
72 C C
73 C SET U N I T S T O U.S. CUSTOMARY O F S.1. C
74
75
E**~****~*********~~******~***~~*******************~********~********~~ C
75
Copyright ASME International /

~-
ASME P T C * 3 3 84 0 7 5 9 6 7 0 0053353 5 H
76
77
78
79
o:!
31
82
83
a4
85
3b
87
86
89
93
91
@i
94
95
96
97
98
99
iGJ
121
1c2
153
1134
162
{C?
i3tr
i111
2
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
112
fif
119
Il0
117 C
116 IF ItJ 1 IIRITE
119 I F IU 2 URITE
120 IF IPR 1 WRITE
121 IF IPt?
122 IF IPQ 31 kRITE
WRITE
iSt
125
I F
IF
I F
IMASS
IWASS 2
7
@!TE"
17h
127
I
I
F
F
IMASS
IMASS
ICALC
4
1
ERRHE
123 I F ICALC 2
129 I F ICALC 3
132 IF IA19 1
131 IF IP.IP 2
132 I F IPCU 1
133 IF IPCk 2
134
135
13b
fF PPOOY *EL!.
.Ge
3
4
137
13^
139
f4"P
142
143
144
14s
146
147
14rj
149
153
151
16

ASME P T C * 1 1 8i.I m 0 7 5 9 6 7 0 O951352 7 m
152 o;
CO
== - Co 2o /
/
18C.
1GC.
153
i1 5E6 rC
L.
N2 z l r C - CO2 - CO - 02
URITE(2,SZtS) CO2 902 ,CO pi42
157 C
158 G O TO 15
159 C
165 23 R E A D ( 5 1 O i C ) T C r T W tS
161 WRITE(?,518G)
176 C
179 W R I T E ( 2 9 1C9C 1
186 WRITE(Z,139G)
181 Q E A 0 ( 5 , 1 C 1 0 ) RPHC V P T A l C j T i C VRHOlC rKC
GRITE(Z,lC80)
182
182 - WRITE(Z>521C)
1-34 L
tT1C
185 IF ( I U.EQ. 1 ) ERITE(Z,522G) RPMC V P T A l C VRHOlC , K C
186 IF ( IU .Ea. 2 ) dRITE(Zp622f) RPMC ( P T A l C ,TIC ( R P O I C rKC
197
186
189
193
191
192
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
193
194
195
196
19'8'
i99
2CO
25 i
LG2
2C3
2C-4
2'5
2?6
$5; PE
2S9 PE
Z1G
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
216
219
22il
22 1
222
~ 2 3 C
224
225
226
227
II

I
ASME PTC*33 8i.I M 0759b70 0 0 5 3 3 5 3 'i W

~ ~
228 UPVJR 9 UPVJS

229 UPSJR 8 UPSJS
235 UPSR t UPES
231 UYAir'R UYAWS
232 UPCHR 9 UPCHS
233 UETAYR * UETAMS
234 UkR , uws
, WUL sU
235 UER
236 UIR
237 UTAUR S
$3 8PYR
UN
U P L
24d UFNR 9 UFNS
2 41 EL
242 UA!? 9 UAS
243 URR 9 URS
244 UTSJR UTSJS
245 UPVJR 9 UPVJS
246 UPSJR 9 UPSJS
247 UPBR 9 UPES
248 UYAUR 9 UYAlrS
%5 8EFtaR; 8PEftiis
$23 US!?
UER 9
, &S
$33 8ffR i $Hus
$22
257
818R i W S
UFNR v UFF!S
25 9
259 C
263 WRITEtZ,lCBt)
261 URITE(2r1C9G)
262 W R I T E (Z, li)9C. 1
263 WRITE(Z,lC601
264 URITE(Z,l390)
i165
266
,
W R I T E ( 2 tZ99")
WRITE(Z.,45Z)
267
268
$93
2771,
273
74
275
276
277
278
279
28G
$83
28 3
284
285 C
285 R E A D A N D r l R I T E TEST P L P N E D A T A C
287 C*****************~**0****~*~**~8*~****~***********************~*****~~
288
788 c
29J 75 kRITE(Z,l6L)
n
2P 1
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
3eo
3rl1
3 02
3c 3 E TRAVERSE P L A N E D I P E N S I O N S
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
78

ASME P T C * 1 1 8 4 W 0759b70 0 0 5 1 3 5 4 O =
304 C ( GIXI = OIXClft<SIOtJ P A H A L L E L T O PROEE I N S E R T I O N 1 C

3G5 C C
306 Ct9t~*t**~***444~*********************4**~*********~~***~*~**~******~c
3G7 C
3C8 RCAa(5rlClC) C rUIM1 (DIML
3c9 C
31C READ(StlC4C) &LOCK
311 C
312 IPRT
II
== g
;;i
L
~***************~***********************************~*********~*~~~***C
97" C
C INSEQT -
1 I F PROGE IIUSERTEG FROM ONE S I D L
C
C
Z I F I k S E R T E D FPOV 5OTH S I D E S C
31b
319
323
E C
C ~ * * * * * * * * * 0 * * * 4 * * * ~ * * ~ * * * ~ ~ ~ * * ~ 4 * ~ ~ * * ~ ~ * * ~ ~ 4 ~ ~ * * ~ 4 * * * * * * * 4 ~ * * *
321 c,
322 REA.j(5gLCCC) LNSEilT
333 C
324 C*~**4*******44*~*~***4***~*~*~~4~*********~~**~*~*******~**~****~****c
325 C C
326 C NT1 =
NUYBER OF TRAVERSE P O S I T I O N S F R O M F I R S T S I D E C
C
327 C
328 C NTZ =
NUMBER OF TRAVERSE P C S I T I O h S FROM S E C O h D S I D E C
C
329 C
333 Ct*~*******~*+****a****~***~~**~~~~~***~******~******~*****~**********c
33 C
332
333
334
335
336
337
318 C
339
34 J
34 1 C
342
343
344
345
Gf C
348
349
35J
351
352 P
353 I
354
355 C
356
357
358
359
363
361 C
362
363
364
365
366 c
367
368
369
370
371 C
372 WRITE(Z562Cl BLCCK
373 C
374 X1 GIM1 / hT
375 x2 2 x1 / 2.
376
377
378
379
79
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

ASME P T C a 3 3 8 4 ~
0757670 0 0 5 3 3 5 5 2 m.
3eJ
38 1
;e,
3e3
3c4
O0 5 3 i
D u 50 J
= 1,NP
1,kT
c
3E
36 7
380
389
399
SpJ(L,J)
ELSt
=
301
3c2
SPJ(L,J)
Etd I F
=
393 ELSE
394
395
SPJ(L,J)
END I F
( d lir x 1 - xi *
396 ELSE
*. ,
397 a e l J
398
399 C
430 80) I P R
4g1 C
4UL
43
4c4 C
4c5
406 C
427
4C8 C
4CY
410
411
412
413
414
415
4 16
417
418 C
419
423 .P
421
4 22
423
424
425 IPRT = IPRT + 1
426 II = I L + 1
427 C
428 IF ( i 1 .Ea* !UT 1 II = Ci
439 IF ( II .EC. C 1 IPRT IPRT + 2
43': L
431
432 C
I P = IPRT + NT
433
434 C
IF ( IIrEC' C eAiL'D. I P *GE. 5 5 1 I P R T = O
435
436
437
433
4 39 53 CONTINUE
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
443 C
44 i
442
443
444
445
448
447
448
449
45J
451
452
453
45i(
455
80

ASME P T C * L Z 8 4 m 0 7 5 b 7 0 005135b 4 m
4 56 1 J Z C FOPHAT ( A 4 5 F 1 S . 5 9 I l 31
457 1'333 FORMAT(ZCA4)
459 1342 FOiZMIiTA?)
459 1853 F 3 9 Y A T ( 2 6 X 2CA4 1
YOU 1360 FOPYAT ( 1 H i f
461 iQ72 F O R M A T ( 1 H Z )
462 1 3 & P FOQEIAT l X , 3 ( / I 1
4e3 1 2 9 9 FORMATiJCX 7 7 ( 1 ! ( * ) )
4.54 1130 F O R M A T ( 1 x 9 1 3 2 ( l d * 1 )
465
466
467
463
469
473
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
475
479
493
4t?1
482
4E3
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
484
455
4R6
2%
489
496
49;
ci92
493
494
495
496
497
498
490
5ou
521
5c;
523
534
5 25
5L6
5c7
52 5
5c9
;
1
dl1
C J
512
513
514
5 15
516
5 17
512
519
CZU
521
52s
523
;Sa
527
520
529
5 3 i;
531
81

ASME P T C * I I 84
~ ~ 0759670 0051357 b
532
533
534
535
536
537
536
gz
54 1
542
54 3
54 4
545
546
547
546
549
552
551
55;
55 3
554
555
556
557
555
559
563
561 'IO
56 2
553
564
565
566
507
568
569
5.7?
572
573
574
575
576
Zt'B
552:
581
5PL
5e3
584
52 5
586
587
588
589
593
59 $
59,
593
594
595
5 76
597
598
599
6CO
c 601
6 O2
bt3
6 fi4 *
6C5
606
627
82
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

ASME PTC*KLL 8i.I 0759670 0051358 B W
626 1 6CHLNPUT G A T A A T ALiXILLIAFiY T E S T F L P R E ( F I h C I N E M A S S FLOk R A T E ) ,

6 c9 2 ///lX,2(l?U('~')/lX))
613 5 6 4 2 F O Z i ? P T ( i ? X , * h G . O F PTSI FACTCR',F68.3?F15.7,/)
611 C
612 ENI2
h P P T 9 L L A 21S R C U W C E R T
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
83

,AE4LABSRC(L).UNCERT(Z5)
1 SUBROUTINE U N C E R T t L l , V J , C Z , C l l , C 1 3 , h , R H O M , L 1 R 1
e
i3 c
L
REAL 1J'DOT, MOOT11
4 C
5 COMMON / AVRGS / MDCT ,PTX gPSX ,PVX sPSAX PTAX i
6 1 TSX ,RHOX ,EKX ~ALPHAX
7 COMPION / CCNST / RO 9 2 : 1 GC
8 COMMOK / CONS11 /
9 COMMON / CNTRL 1
13 COHMOF; / DATAI 1
11
12 CO Y M O Fi / D l A J /
13 1
14 COKMOh / PRFRM /
15 1
PTA C
16
17
2
COMHON / UKASS / UMDIFR,UYFR ,uPIR ,UETAFI ,URHOHR,UPOR ,
18 1 UMDTFStUYFS ,UPIS TUETAS ,URHOPS,UPOS
19 COYMON / UPASSC / UMDTCR,UYFCR ,URHOCR,UHCTCS,UYFCS VURHOCS
20 COPMOFi / L R A K / UAR (URR ,U3SJG ,UPVJR t U P S J R IUPBR 9
1 UYAWR ,UPCHR ,UETAHRvUWR ,UER 'UIR t
UTUR ,UhR VUPTR (UFNR
;f 2
CO M !
IO N / USYS / UAS (URL
UYAUS VUPCHS ,UETAYS,UWS
VUTSJS VUPVJS ,UPSJS r U P B S
PUES PUIS
P
24
25 1
L
UTAUS ,UNS SUPTS (UFNS
P
26 COMMON / UNCTLR 1 U M G T l R , U P S I R ,URHO1R,UTSlR ,UEKIR ,UPVlR p

27 1 U P T l G PUPSAlR
C O M M O h / UFiCTZR / U M D T 2 R i U P S Z R ,URHOZRvUTSZR VUEKZR pUPV2R
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
28
29 UPT2R (UPSAZR
30 1C3Y?10N / UNCTlS / UMDT1S.UPSlS ~ U R H O l S , U T S l S V U E K l S f L ' P V 1 S 9
31 U P 1 t ,UPSA S
32 c o H I4 o h / IiNCT2S / U M O i Z C * U P S 2 8 ,URH02S,UTSZS (UEKZS rUPV2S 9
33 UPT"C ( U P S A Z S
34 C O P M O Fi / LKCT3R / UMDfJR,UPS3R ,URH03E,dTS3R ,UEK3R (UPV3R 9
UP R t U P S A 3 R
165
37
38
39
4B
C O M Il O K / UNCT3S
l C O M M O N / UKCRT
C O K M O td / STCY
/ M & f 3 S , U P S 3 S ,l!RHOzS,UTS3S
/
U P T 3 S 'UPSA3S
/ UMDGT t U P X
UFTfiR ,UPSX
SURHOX (UTSX
,UPSAX
vUEK3S v U p V 3 s T
,UEKX ,UPVX
PUFSQR 9IJFSYE ,FSPTR UFSROR, UFSNR i
9 o
41 / PLNAVG /
42 'COVMON
43 1
44 2
45 3 PFV- ;KP
46 C O ).r M O lu / UVOPRR I UGFR PUPFTR (UPFVR SUPFSR t U E T A T R p U E T A S R 9
47 Li
URHOFR
48 COMMON / UVOPRS / U Q F S PUPFTS ,UPFVS 9UPFSS ,UETATS,UETASS,
49 1 URHCFS
53 COMMON / UVPCR / UQFCR , U P F T C R , U P F S C R , U P F V C R , U P I C R rUPOCR 9
51 1 UETACR
52 COMMON / UVPCS / UQFCS , U P F T C S , U P F S C S , U P F V C S , U P I C S PUPOCS t
53 1 UETACS
54
55
56
57
58
59 C
60 c**~****9~4*49~*94d*******s+so$*$******4~**4******~***~*44*4*****4****4~**c C
61 C C
62 C Y A S S F L O h RATE / S P E C I F I C EhEREY APPROACH C
63 C
64 C a 4 ~ * + 4 ~ ~ ~ 9 ~ * ~ ~ 4 4 4 $ ~ 4 4 * ~ ~ ~ ~ * 4 4 * 4 4 ~ ~ ~ ~ 4 * 4 4 4 ~ ~ 4 ~ ~ 4 ~ ~
65 C
66 DATA R A U / . C 1 7 4 5 3 3 /
67 c-
68
69
UMDOT
UPSX
E- c.
Y.
70 UffHOX C.
7 1 UTSX -- C.
72
73
U-K
"bV#
UPTX
8:C.
74 P
75 L
84

ASME PTC*LL 8 4 W 0 7 5 b 7 0 0 0 5 1 3 b 0 b
I
76 RUNR = UNR / RPH1
77 RUNS = UhS / RPH1
78 FUPBR 2 UPR / PB
79 - RUPGS = UPSs PB
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
ai1 c
81 GO T O (~cI,zG,~c,~c),L~
82 C
e3 1 0 RUTSJR = U T S J R / TSX
84 C
85 DO 1 5 I Z 1 , F i P
86 DO 1 5 J = l , F i T
e7 C
88
89
COSYA
COSPI!
- COS
CCS 1 YAIS(I,J)
PITCHJ(1,J)
8 RAD
rir R A D 1
90
91
TANYAi
TANPIT
i- Ah
{AN
( YAL(1 J)
( PITCHJ(I,J)
4 RAD
8 RAD I
m
92 L
93
94
AUPSJR
MGOTJ =
UPSJR * PSX
A R E A ( L 1 / C2 / N *
RHOJ(I,J) VJ(I,J) * COSYAW* *COSPIT
95 UKDOT 2 UIiGCT +
96
97
o ( MDGTJ / MDOT ) * * ; D *
( ( ( ( ( URR**Z* + RI;TSJR**Z.
+ U P V J R * * Z o 1 / 4. + ( A U P S J F i * * 2 r + C 1 3 * * 2 a *
UPBRSS2o 1
96
99
o
o
a
/ P S A J ( 1 J ) * 0 + 2 0 + ( TANYAW**Zo
4 UPCHRI42a 1 / 57~30442r ) ) ) I
*
UYAWR**2o + T A F ; P I T * * 2 0
loci UPSX -- YP x +
P S X )**z. 4 U P ~ J R * * Z .
;!i
o $SJ(I,J)
o
URHOX = URHOX +
( RHOJ(1,J) / RHOX ) * * 2 0 4 ( ( ( ( URR*SZo + R U T S J R * * Z o +
104
105
o
UTSX = ( AUPSJR**Zo
UTSX i
+ C13+*2. *
UP@R**2o 1 / P S A u ( I , J ) * * 2 o )))I
1189
1G
a
EKJ
UEK X
109 o
110
lfi
1
113
o
UPVX
114 a
115 a
116 o
117 UPTX
119 o
119 o
123 o
121 o
122 C
123 1 5 CONTINUE
124 C
125 LYDOT = Ut!DOT + UFSMR**Zo + U A R + + 2 o
126 UPSX
URHOX
== UPSX / N**Zo
U F S R O R * * 2 o + LJRHOX / N 4 * 2 0
127
iza = UTSX / N 4 4 2 .
129 = UEKX / K * * 2 .
130
131 uw i- UPVX / k * 4 2 .
UPTX / N * * 2 .
i%
134 C
135 G O TO 99
i39 C
2 s RUTSJS UTSJS i TSX
i18
140
C
141 C
142
143
COCYAW
COSPIT
COS( Y A W ( I , J )
COS( P I T C H J ( I , J )
*
4
RAD 1
RAG 1
144
145
TANYAK
TARPIT
= T A k YAW(1,J)
*
TAN( P I T C H J ( 1 , J I
4 RAD )
RAD )
146 C
i14a7 ~ & ~ S ~ = P= AJ~ E *~ PSX
( ~ ) / C ~ / (I,
N ~JR) *HVOJ (I,
J J)*COSYAU*C~S~IT
49 UMDOT = LMGOT +
150 * M C C T J / MDOT )4*20 *
( URS**Zo + RUTSJS**Zo
( ( ( ( (
151 o + UPVJS**2o 1 / 40 + AUPSJS**2o + C 1 3 * 4 2 0 * UPBS**2a
( 1
85

i523
154
155
156
157
158
159 UTSX = UTSX
163 b ( TSJ
161 EKJ
UEKX
= Vd(1,
UEKX
AU4 *2.
162
163
164
165
JP5KJi
PSAJ(
uz%
UYA
TANPI 1)
3$
168
a
UPVX = UPVX
( P V J ( i J) CO* /
169 b ( ( t ( UPtJS**2 UY
TANPI 1 )
13r UPTX UPTX
f.35
174
/
UY
175 1)
176 C
177 2 5 C O N T I N LIE
c
ifg L
UMOOT = UMOOT
== uUgtiOX
sx
+
/
UFNS
K**2.
+ UA S I S 2 .
HP
182
8f;hiX
UTSX II U T S X
/
/
Ni*2.
N**20
le3 UEKX = UEKX / N942.
184 iJPVX = UPVX / N.**Zo
ia5 n
UPTX = UPTX / N**Z.
186 L
187 AUPSX
UPSAX
=
=
SGRT(UPSX1
( AUPSX**Z.
* + PSX
C13**2. 9 UPBSSSZ. 1 / PSAX**2.
188 r
189 L
190 GO TO 9 9
191 C
3 0 kl
192
193 w2
ir3
-
=
5G.:
194
195 C
G O TO (4C,50,6C,7G)9IMASS
$89 C
43 w 1 - 1.
GO 70 8G
50 w2 = 1.
38
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C
2c2 G O TO 8 C
203 C
204 6G W l = .5
2Q5 r12 = i.5
2C6 C
2c7 C
208 G O T O 8,
2C.9 C
215 n
73 w3 = 1.
211 c.
212 8C I F ( I P O h . E C O 1 1 THEh
213 UPfR
UP s
i U F S P R 9 * 2 . + UETAMRe4P.
- UETAHS**Z.
+ UWR**-,
+ UYS**~:
214
215 n END I F
216
217
218
219
220
221
222 IF ( IPOII .EQ. 3 1 THEN
223 UPIR = UFSPR**2. + UTAUR**Z. + RUkR**Z.
224 UPIS = UTACS942. + RUNSs92.
22 5
226
227
86

ASME P T C * L L 8 4 W 0759670 0053362 T W
e 228
229
23C EN8'3
UPIR
=
LIFSFR**Zo + UPTR*(SL.
UFTS*92 .
231 C
2 32 IF ( L I .ECO4 1 G O T O 9C
233 P
L
234 IF ( INASS . E Q . 1 1 THEN
235 C M D TFR Ut'DTiR#*Z.
236 UMDTFS UKDTiSIiPi2.
231 c
END IF
238 L
239 IF ( I M A S S .EQ. 2 1 THE14
240
24 1
UMDTFR
UMDTFS
==
UMUTZR**Z
UPUTLS~*~.
242 EhD I F
P 24 3 C
$22
$89
$88
250
C
UMDTFR UP.DT3RI*2.
251
252
UMDTFS = UKDT3S**2.
END I F
253 C
254 C
255 C
256 AUROLR = URHClR t RHO1
25 7
258
AUROZR
URHOMR
== URHOZE
( AURClR**Z.
*
RHO2
+ AUR02R**2. 1 / ( R H O 1 + RHCZ ) * * Z
259 C
26J UYFR
261
262 ..
b
i 263
264 .. t
a 265
266
26 7
3;; .
b
t i PB
PB /
PSAl
--
PSAl
-
..
RI402
+ t PVL /
o *
272
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
273 C
274 UPOR
275
..
b
276
277
278
279
28l
28 1
..
*
...
282 b
II2
285
286 b
287 b
288
.
b
289 o
$%Y
$83 ..
b
b
294
295
296
291
298
C
C
.
b
299 C
309 AUROiS
30 1 AUROZS
3 c2 URHGMS
3c3 C
87

304
3c5
3C6
.
e
UYFS
307
30 8
309
31 b
3 11 e
312
313 b
314
315
316
.
C
;i
323
.
UPOS
321
322
323
324
..
8
325 a
..
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
326 w
327
32 8
3 9
350
331 b
.
..
332
333 s
334
335
336
337
s
..
338
339
390
34 1 C
.
342 C
P
34 3 L
344 UETAR = UPOR + UPIR
UMDTFR + RUNR*+2.
34 5
346
C
U#OTCR
UYFCR = UYFR + 4. *+ URHOlR**2*
RUNR**2.
347
348 UPOCR = UPOR + 9. ip; RL;NRlc*2. + URHOlR**2.
349 C
35 UPICR 3 UP R + 9. 4 RUNR**2. + URHOlR**Z.
35Y.
L.
UETACR - UE+AR
3 9
354 L
355
356
UETAS
UMGTCS ==
UPOS
z UYFS
+ UPIS
U V D T F S + RUNS**2r
+ 4.
+ iJF!HOlS**Z.
* RUNS**2.
357 UYFCS
C
353
359 -
c
UPOCS = IJPOS + 9 . * RUNS**2. + URHOlS**Z.
36
361 UPICS
UETACS
== IJPIS
UETAS
+ 9. 4 RUNS4*2. + URHOlS**2.
362 ..
322 L
G U T O 99
Ea
367
368
360
37u
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
88

Provided by IHS under license with ASME : -
ASME PTC*LL 8 4 m 0 7 5 b 7 0 00513b4 3 m
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
386
..
381
382
..
383
384
385 .
386
387
388
389
a
...
i)
390
582
393
C
AUPTlR =
PT1R 4 P T 1
AUPTZR z PT2R $ P T ?
394 [JPF TR =
UFSPTR**2. + ( AUPTZR**2. + AUPTlR**Z. / PFT**2.
395 UPFVR UPVZRir42o
396
397
AUPF TR
AUPFVR
==
SQRT( UPFTR 1
SORT( UPFVR
PFT
PFV
**
398 UPFSR =
( AUPFTR*rtZ. + AUPFVR**P. / PFS**2.
399 C
40U
401
4 C2
r)c3
C
.. UPOR
404
.
405
$69 0
.
408
4c9 ...
...
410
411
412
411 *
..
e $il
419
423
C
UETATR
UETASR
== UPOR
LETATR
+ UPIR
421 UQFCR = UQFR + RUNR**2
422 UPFTCR = UPFTR + 4. 4 RUNR**2. + URHClR**2.
423
424
UPFVCR
UPFSCR
= U P F V R + 4.
UPFSR + 4.
**RUKR**Z. + URHC~RWZ.
RUKR892. + URHClR**Z.
425 CiPoCr? = UPOR + 9 . 4 RUNR**2* + URHOIR*82.
2% UPICR
UETACR
== UPIR
UETATR
+ 9 . 9 RUKR**Z. + URHOlR**Z.
428
429
43c C
431 URHOFS
....
432 C
433 UOFS URS** 2 . / 4. + ( w /
434 HECT 9 LAS**E ( Y2 4 M O O T 2 / MDO
+
435
436
UAS*
HDOT
(
2. ** *
U3 MO 6 T 3 / HOC T ) * 4 2 . 4 UAS
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(
...
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440
44 1
442
443
444
445
..
446
447
44a
a
..
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451
=
==
UPTlS *
UPT2S 8 P T Z
PT1
452 ( AUPT2S*42* t AUPTlS*42. 1 / PFT**F.
453 = UPV2S*42.
454 = S C R T ( LIPFTS 1 4 P F T
4 55 = S C R T ( UPFVS 1 9 PFV
89

ASME PTC*KLL 8 4 W 0 7 5 7 b 7 0 00513b5 5 W
475
476 UETATS = UPOS + UPIS
477 U E T A S S z U E T A T. S-
473 UCFCS = UCFS + RUNS**:? a
479 UPFTCS = U P F T S + 4. 4 R U F i S * 8 2 . + U R H O l S * * 2 .
480 UPFVCS
UFFSCS
== U P F V S + 4. 4 RirNS*SZ* + U R H C l S * * Z *
U P F S S + 4a * RUNS**Z* + URHClS*E*
481
482 UPOCS UPOS ++98.+ RUNS**2* + URHOlSS*2*
483 UP ICs = UPIS * RUkS*sZ. + UFiHClS**Z*
484 UETACS = UETATS
485
486 9 9 RETURN
487 Eks
90
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ASME PTC*LL 8 4 0759670 O O C L 3 6 6 7
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5
4
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SUBROUTINE GASPRP DETERMINES THE AVERAGE P R O P L R T I E S O F
m
t
5 C THE F L U I D I F TEE F L U I G C C N S I TS CF OXYGEN NITROGEA, C
6 C CARBON W O h O X I D E , CARBON C!IGX?DE, AND 'HATE4 VAPOR C
7
8
9
13
11
12
13
14
15
16 CM:1ON / GAS / CO2 *O2 9CO ,NZ ,c,
17 COMMOk / CONST / RO 9 JC tGC
18 C O K M O N / CONSTl/ C 9 cc
19 C O M M O k / PROP / K ,R 9 MU
20 r.
COMMON / CNTRL / NP 9 FIT 9 PB iIAIR rIliASS ,IPOB
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
ji
32
13
34
35
36
37
28
39
95
4 i C CALCULATE V I S C O S I T Y C
42 C r
43
44
cC **a1
45
46
47
48
49
53
51
52
53
54
55
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
56 GO T O 20
57 C
5a ;O MD 25,965
59 c
60 C HOLECULAR WEIGHT AT PLANE X : EGN 5.3-6
61 t
62 MX-= l o / ~ S / ~ 1 ~ 0 5 2 * ~ 1 0 + S ~ ~ + l ~ / ~ ~ C G * ~ l o + S ~ ~ ~
63 R -
RO/HX
64
65
P'U
MUH20
= =
C ( 4 ) * 1 ~ 0 8 7 4 * ( C ( 3 ) ~ T X ) ~ ~ l ~ 5 / ~ C ~ ~ ~ ~ T X + l 9 9 0 ~ ~ 1 o E ~ 7
C(41*12.53 * ( C ( 3 ) * T X ) ~ f 1 . 5 / ( C ( 3 ) 8 ~ X + 9 8 7 0 4 191.E-7
66 M U = ( S G R T ( ~ ~ . F ~ ~ ) ~ H U + S Q R T ( ~ ~ O C ~ ) * ~ ~ . ~ ~ ~ ~ S / ~ ~ . ~ ~ * M
67 i (SQRT(2er905)+SQRT(18.G2)*(28.965aS/18.C2))
68 C
69 C SATURATED VAPOR PRESSURE : ECW 5 . 4 - 1
79 C
71
72 C
PE = C(6) * Tr942. + C(7) f T\li + C ( 0 )
73 C P A R T I A L PRESSURE O F WATER VAPOR I N A I R : EGN 5 . 4 - 2
E c
PP PE - P E rP ( T O - T I 1 / C9)
91

ASME PTC*LZ 8 4 U 0 7 5 7 6 7 0 0 0 5 L 3 b 7 7 W
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Rfi
89
9.2
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
1CJ
131
1u2
103
i C 4
iY5
1C6
' 37
i28
1c9
i1J
111
112
113
8PRTeL L A t i S R C o A V P G E S
92

-
ASME PTC*LL 8 4 W 0 7 5 9 6 7 0 0 0 5 1 3 b 8 O
A
7
5 Y
4 C SUi3RCUTlh'E AVRGES C A L C U L A T E S THE AVERAGE C

5 V A L U E S OF F L O d P A R A F E T E R S I t d A T E S T PLAIUE C
6
i
1U
9
11
12
13
14 I E i T E G E ! ? ,7
15 c
,.
II L
CHARACTER TERH 93
COMMON / C C . F J T A L / XU 9 IPR
i?
zu
21
22
23
C O M M O N / AVRGS / MOOT TX
HCX
T .
VPSX
TEKX
PB
,PVX
WALPHAX
IAIH
,PSAX ,PTAX t
24
25
2U
27
23
29
33
71
32
33
34
35
36
z7
38
39
4J
41
42
Y3
44
45 C
46 ao 12 I = 1,KP
47 3 0 12 J = lr%T
413 C
49
53
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
Ei3
59
6.3
61
62
63
64
65 L
tb I
J
= FiP
KT
67
68
6Y
72
71
72
73
74
75
93
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

ASflE PTC*LL 8 4
~ ~ ~~
m 0 7 C b- 7 0 00513b9 2
76 IF ( M O O T ohEo ~ o 1G EKX = AREAtL) * HV3 / 2 0 / G C / MDOT / h /

--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
77 - - C2**3
38
0
IF
IF
(
(
MCOT a t
K E O T . t ~ f : C.C
Y o u 1 EKX -2.2
1 ALPHAX = 2 . * GC *
E K X rk ( ( A R E A ( L ) rp R H C X
8il o HDCT ))**20
IF ( M3CT * E C O 3 . 1 ALPHAX = 3.2
:$ C
93
84
PV)!
PTX
RHOX
PSX
=EKX / C l 1
+ PVX
*
e5 PSAX I: PSX + PB i(i C 1 3
P.6 PTAX PTX =
+ PE 4 C 1 3
a7 c
8a I F ( TER! mC3. ' N O * 1 THE14
89 d R I T E (P,. 2 3 ~ )
71 C
91 IF ( L .EQ. 1 1 WRITE(Z,500)
92 I F ( L *EQ. 2 1 kRITE(Z,5201)
93 I F ( L .EGO 3 1 WRITE(Z,53G2)
94 C
95 I F ( I U . E G O 1 1 THEN
96 WRITE(Z,5ClC) MDOT
97 6 R I T 5 ( 2 , 5 C t C ) PSX
98 k R I T ~ ( Z , 5 0 3 ) PVX
09 W R I T E ( Z 1 5 L 4 0 ) PTX
1G WHITE(Z*SC55) TSX
101 U R I T E ( Z , 5 0 6 C ) RHOX
io2
li13
104
W R I T ( 2 9 5 7 p ) EKX
WRITE (z
ZRITE(Z,SU9C)
,sE~G)
ALPHAX
PSAX
W R I T E ( Z , 5 1 C S ) PTAX
ii37
E2 ELSE
URTTE(Z,6CPO) PSX
1S8 # H I T E ( Z 1 6 0 3 3 ) PVX
1C9 W R I T E ( Z , 6 C 4 0 1 PTX
110 WRITE(Z,6CSG) TSX
111 k l R I T E ( Z ~ C 6 O )RHOX
il2 WRITE(Z,C70) EKX
113 k R I T E ( Z s 5 C 8 I j ) ALPHAX
114 U R I T E ( Z , 6 G 9 ) PSAX
115 b i R I T E ( Z , 6 1 3 5 ) PTAX
116 EEC I F
117 END I F
ll& C
119 I F ( L *EQ. 3 1 WRITE(Z,522b)
17.3 C
12i U!? I T E ( Z 9 521C 1
122 C
123 IF ( L .EU. 1 .AN@. M D O T .ECO 3.C 1 IJRITE(Z, 5200)
124 C
125 PETURN
126 C
127 Cu9*~**~4*4*4444$~~4***~**4*444~rp*4*~~~4~~rp~*4~4*~~~***~
128 C4*4*~~*4*8**844ti(i*~rp*4*~*rp~44~*~*~~~8~~~~rp~rp~8~*~$4~~rp8$4
120 C
E
132
5JciC F O R M A T ( Z ( 4 X , 5 C ( l H * ) / ) / 5 0 X
1 Z9HAVERAGE VALUES A T I h L E f P L 4 N E / 4 6 X 3 8 ( 1 H - 1 )
5031 FORYAT(2(4CX,5C(lH*)/)/SCX
,
133 1 3CHAVCSAGE VALUES A T O U T L t T P L A N E / 4 6 X 9 3 8 ( 1 Y - I )
134 50112 F O R Y A T ( ~ ( ~ C X I ~ C ( ~ H * ) / ) / ~ ~ X ~
135 1 34HAVERAGE VALUES AT A U X I L L I A R Y P L A E i ( 4 6 X 3 8 ( 1 H - ) )
130 53111 F O R M A T / 4 3 X , *MASS FLOW R A T E , 1 5 X , F 7 * 2 , LEP/S*t//)
137 6 0 1 0 F O R M A T ( / 4 3 X t ' Y A S S FLCw RATE:,15X,F7.2,* KG/S',!/)
138 5 0 L U F O P Y A T ( 4 3 X v ' S T A T I C PPESSURE >14X,F7.3,: IF.. IrG
139 6 2 2 5 FORMPT(43Xg * S T A T I C PRESSURE' ,lYX,F7.3, KPA' !'I)
14 5 3 3 8 F U R Y A T ( 4 3 X , * V E L ( I C I T Y PRLSSURE:,l3X,F6.3,: IN:'6G*,//l
141 6 U 3 0 F O R M b T ( 4 3 X , * V E L O C I T Y PAESSU2E ,13X,F6:3 KPB',//)
142 5 0 4 0 FORMPT(43X9*TOTAL PRESSURE*,15X9F7.3* fh;. WG*t//)
14 3 6 0 4 5 FORMAT(43X,'TOTAL PRESS$IRE*,lSX,F7:3,: KPA*r//)
144 5 3 5 3 F O P M ~ T ( ~ ~ X I ' T E M P E R A T U R E,18XpF7.21 R
145 6050 FOR~AT(43X,*Tt~PERATURE',18X,F?o2,* K*,//!
146 506C F O R Y A T ( 4 3 X , ' C ~ k S I T Y : , 2 2 X , F 7 0 5 , ' LbM/CU t T 9 / 1 1
147 6 0 6 0 F C Q M A T ( ~ ~ X , * D L N S I T Y1 2 2 X F7.4 KG/tU M //I
148 5073 F u R M A T ( 4 3 X , * S P E C I F I C K I N f T I C i h E S G Y , 7 X , f 6 0 2 , * FT*LB/LBM*,//)
149 6570 F R M A T ( 4 3 X v ' S P E C I F I C K I N E T I C E N E R G Y 0 g 7 ? 9 F 6 . 2 * J / K G ' , / / )
153 5 O d J FOMAT(43Xp ' K I h L T I C ENERGY C O R R FACTCH , 3 X , F f 0 5 , / / )
151 5 9 9 3 FOF?'AT(43X,'ADSOLUTE S T A T I C PRESSURE ,5X,F7.3, IN. W A ' , / / I
94

/>
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
,v Not for Resale
r-
------_ --
ASME P T C * L L BL( 0 7 5 9 b 7 0 0053370 7 W
152 6J9EI FORMAT 43X,*AbSOLUTE S T A T I C PRESSURE',5XvF7.3,* KPA*v</)

153 5 1 3 3 FORMAT 4 3 X *AL OLUTE TOTAL P R E S S U R E * , E X , F j : f r ' I N . UA //)
154 6130 FORMAT 43X:*AB$OLCTE T O T A L PSESSL!RE*,6X,F ,* KPA*,//!
155
156
5200 F O R M A T
5 2 1 0 FDRMAT
S(/),lOX,*OPEK I N L E T FAN
1 H C 39Xv50(1H*)/4GX 5 0 ( 1 H * ) )
---
NO TRAVERSE YADE AT I N L E T ' )
157 522.3 FORKAT 4(/!*28X,32HONLY M A t S F L O k RATE 'rlILL @ E U S E D * 4 ( / ) )
1E 8 52311 FORMAT
159 C
16U END
3PRT,L LABSRCeOUTH
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95
Copyright ASME
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ASME PTC*LL 84
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4 C SUBROUTIFiE ObTM OUTPUTS R E S U L T S F R O M H A S S FLOW R A T E / C
5 C S P E C I F I C ENEAGY APPROACH C
6 C C
7
8
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13
14 INTEGER Z
15
16 COHMOEi / PRFRM
a7 1
18 2
19 COMMON / PLNAVG
23 1
21
22
z> ,.-
23 COFMOK / PROP / K- - .R .PU
24 COMMON / OUTHE / MDOTC ;YFC ;PWLC ,KRHOC t E T A C ,RHOKC
25 CDWMON / UKASS / UMDTFR,UYFR ,UPIR ,liETAR *URHOPR,UPOR 9
26 1 UMDTFSIUYFS ,UPIS ( U E T A S *URHOMSIUPOS
24 C O M M O N / UMASSC / UMDTCR9UYFCR rURHOCE,UNCTCStUYFCS ,URHOCS
ZR COMMON / I;VPCR / UQFCR
..--. ^ ^
, U P F T C R , U P F S C i ? p U P F V C R , U P I C R ,IiPOCF t
ZY UL 1 A L K
32 C O P M O N 1 UVPCS .. - - . - - t U P F T C S , U P F S C S , U P F V C S , U P I C S
/ UQFCS pbPOCS ,
71 A
I LitTACS
32 COMMON / U S A N / UAR rURR ( U T S J R 9iJPVJR rUPSJR tUPBR g
33 1 UYANR SUPCHR *UETAHRiUW? .UER *UIR *
34 1 UTAUQ ;UNR ;UPTR ;UFNR .
35 COMMON / USYS / UAS ,URS i U T S J S gUPVJS (UPSJS ,UPBS 9
36 1 UYAUS pUPCHS ,UETAPS,UWS FUES VUIS 9
37 L UTAUS r U h S ,UPTS tUFI:S
38
-9 DATA Z / 2 G /
43
41
4s
43
44
45
46
u7
46
49
53
51
52
53 uN = SQRT i UHGTFR + UFICTFS 1
54 RAR S G A T ( UMDTFR
55 SYS = SQRT ( uE1DTFS 1
5b
57
5s
AUN
ARAN
ASYS
=
=
=
UA
RAK
SYS
***
HDOT
HDOT
PDOT
59
69
6i
PCUN
?CRAN
PCSYS
=
=
UR
GAN **
130.
1LO.
SYS 3 loc.
n
5.2 L
65 I F ( 19 a E C a 1 ) THEN
64 WRITE ( Z p S C l C ) #DOT,AUNiPCUh,ARAN,PCRANIASYS,PCSYS,PCSYS
65 k2ITE (Z,5CU1)
66 ELSE
67 WHITE (Z96CGG) MDOT~AUN,PCUN,ARAN,PCRANIASYS,PCSYSpPC.SYS
65 #RITE (L95UUl)
EEiD IF
97 c
71
72
UN
RAN == SQRT
SGRT
UYFR + L Y F S
UYFR 1
(
(
73 SYS 1 SQRT 1 UYFS
74 AUN == IJK 4 YF
75 AilAt; RAN YF *
96
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

-
ASME PTC*:LL 8 4 9 0 7 5 b 7 0 0051372 2 9
76
77
ASYS
PCL"
=
=
SYS
uh!
** YF
!bC.
75 PCGAN = RAF; 4 120.
79 r
PCSYS = 2YS * 1cc.
86 b
si
RL
83
8s
86
67
fi6
89
C
uR ElA N -- SQRT ( UP I R UPIS
9d Z SkRT ( UP I R
01 SYS
AUF:
== SQRT*
UA
( UPIS
PUXI
9i
3 AR&N
ASYS
=
=
RA&
SYS
** PCUI
POW1
95
90
97
PCL"
PCDAN
PCSYS
=
=
=
u4
RAN
SYS
*** 1CC.
1z3
liC.
a c
99
l2li
121
1c2
1C3
1C4
1c5
1Cb c
137 ur4 = SCRT UPOR + U P O S 1
(
1CU RAN SGRT UPCR (
1c9 SYS = SGRT UPOS 1 (
lli,
111
Auk
AR4N == L'k 4 PCUC
RAN *
PGkG
112
113 p : j == SYS
UK
**
POW0
1LO*
114
115
PCPA:J =
PCSYS =
RAR
SYS
**
l0.
1'33.
116 c
117 IF ( I U .EG* 1 1 THEN
116 K 2 I T E ( Z > 5 2 Z C ) POWO,AUN,PCUNtARAN,PCRAR,bSYSrPCSYS
119 W R I T E (ZiCC21)
1 !ci
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
121
1 E?
123
124 C
125 UN SQRT t UETAR + U E T A S
126 !?AN S4RT ( UETAR
127 SYS = SQRT ( UETAS )
126 AUN
173 ASL:J
1::':
131
177
bSvS
Peuh
PCSAN
=
=
SYS
uri
RAh
**4
lLD.
ETA
iso.
133
C
PCSYS =S Y S 4 1c.
134
135 'UIRITE ( Z p S C 4 2 ) t T A * A U t < , F C U N , A R A N , P C R A N > A S Y S , F C S Y S
136 W R I T E (L95b.41)
'
178
37 -
P
Ulu S09T ( URHOMR + URHOMS 1

129 = SQRT ( URHOMR
PAiJ
143 SYS= SYRT t URHOMS 1
141 AUN= UN * R H O #
R A 4 * RHCF
M
14it
i?!:
= SYS * RHOP
145
146
147 C
14h
149
155
151
97

, ASME PTCmLL 8 4 0 7 5 4 b 7 0 0053373 4
152 U R I T E (2,606 RHOM,AUN>PCUN*ARAN,PCRANIASYS,PCSYS

153 URITE (995CE)
154 n END I F
155 L
156
157
:5e
159
16
161
lb2
163
164
165
166
167
162
i# WRITE (ZilUOC)
171
172
173
i35
176 UN =
S G 2 T i UMLITCR + UF?CTCS 1
177 RAN
SYS z SGRT ( UVDTCS
=
S Q R T ( LJMOTCG )
178
179 AUN
ARAti
UN
RA&
==
9 MDOTC
HDOTC *
180
ja: ASYS S Y S i) P Q C T C
L92 PCCN UN 4 132.=
183
184
PCRAN = RAN
PCSYS SYS
lL2.
10C.= **
i!;
188
ELSL
199
190 #RITE ( i , 6 E 3 C ) MDOTC*AUN,PCUN,AkAN,PCI7AN,ASYS,PCSYS
1Si WRITE tZtSCLi1)
192 END I F
193
1Q4 UN = SQRT ( UYFCR + UYFCS 1
195 PAY = SQDT ( UYFCR 1
SYS SQRT ( UYFCS
196
197 ALJN = UN *
YFC
19E
199
20d
LC 1
zc2 PCSYS = SYS * 130.
2C3
204 F
I ( ru .EQ. i THEN
20: WRITE ( Z t 5 C i C ) Y F C f A U h P C U N t A R A N PCRAN ASYS PCSYS
L - . i_
r l r-i I T E (Zp5Cll)
227 LLSL
20ti WRITE ( t t 6 C i C ) YFC,AUN,PCLJK,ARAh,PCRAN,ASYS,PCSYS
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
zc9 'JRITE (L95G11)
210 EKD I F
311
35
214
215 Ail& == UN
RAN *4* PO61c
POWIC
216 4RAFJ
ASYS = SYS POCIIC
217
218 PCG!i
PCRAFI
=
=
uh'
RAN
** l2C.
120.
219
22J PCSYS = SYS luo.
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
98
Copyright ASME International /-
Provided by IHS under license with ASME -,

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale -->
'
ASME P T C g 1 1 8 4 W 0759670 0051374 6
ti8
233
C
Eh
UN
IF
= SORT ( IIPOCH + UPOCS 1
231 RAN = SCRT ( UPOCR 1
23"
230
SYS
AUN
= SQRT
UN * ( UPocS 1
POWOC
234 ARAN RAK FOWOC
235
236
ASYS
PCUN =
SYS
Uh 4
* PO'UIOC
132.
237
238
PCRAN
PCSYS
== RAN
SYS
** 15C.
lac.
239 c
243 IF ( I U O Z G O 1 1 THEN
241 WRITE ( Z i 5 C Z C ) POdOC,AUN,PCUN,ARANpPCFAN,ASYSrPCSYS
242 HRITE (Z95CZ1)
243 ELSE
244 URITE (2,6020) P O W O C , A U N , P C U Y , A R A N t P C R A t ~ , A S Y S , P C S Y S
24 5 WRITE (Z,SCZl)
24 6 NE I F
247 C
248 U 2 SQRT ( UETACR + UETACS 1
249 DAN SQRT ETACR 1
250 SYS = SCOT UETP.CS 1
251
252
AUN
ARAN == UN
RAN ** ETAC
ETAC
ASYS SYS 9 TAC
PCUN
PCRAN
== UN
RAh
*
**
100.
100.
r
PCSYS = SYS 100.
b
WRITE ( Z > 5 C 4 C ) E T A C s A U N , P C U N r A R A N , P C R A N , A S Y S , P C S Y S
n
WRITE ( 2 , S C Y l )
$3
262
b
a
WRITE ( Z t 5 0 5 0 )
U R I T E (2,5F-511
KRHOC
263 L
264 U R I T E ( Z t S C S Z ) KRHO/KRHOC
$22
267
W"W1IEE( t,h 2 0 P
2 5c5 1
268
269
270
271
272
L73 1 9 3 3 FORt!AT(7(/))
274 ZULIO F O R M A T ( 3 1 X t * P A S $ F L O L RATE / S P E C I F I C EhERGY APPROACH IU'ITH ABSOLUT
275 1 E U N C E R T A I N T I E S ,//!/I
276 ZJ10 FORMAT(4X * 3 V A K T I T Y , i C X t * U N I T S * , L 2 X , : C G M P C T E C ' t 9 X , ' T I T A L *
277 1,8X,'PE2CENT 9 6 x 9 * R A h t D O M ( 7 x 9 *PERCENT ,4X, * S Y S T E P A T I C
278 2*5X.*PERCERT*)
279
283
2 9 1 1 FOR~IAT
l t 7 X t *R
X**VALUE*, *UNCERT* 8X
C M * t 7 X *UNkl!Rf * 9 6 X , * SYSTE IC*)
,
OTAL * 9 7X * E N C E R T '
251 2012 FOPMAT X,*ChCERT*,ZYX,'UNCE~T*,~ *UNCERT*t//)
"O20 FORMAT 2( 32(***)9/))
%Fi 5J6C FORMAT *$(112 1 e / ) ****
/ 2 9 X 1 *PER FOR MANCE RESULT S CChVERTED T O * ,
284
255 2 F6
2(
CU F T I h L E T DEN S I T Y * 9 / / ,
286 5 m e FORMAT (3X 1)
287 5 1 FORMAT ( 5 X
206 5 0 1 0 FOPMAT ( 3 X 6(F13.3))
289 5 0 1 1 FOPMAT ( 6 X
293 5Q2C FOSYAT ( 3 X
29 1 5 0 2 1 FORMAT ( 5 X
22823
294
5030 FORMAT ( 3 X
5 3 3 1 FORMAT ( 5 X
5 5 5 0 FOPMAT ( 3 X p *CCMPRESS. *,9X,*NONE* ,FZ 1
295 5 3 5 1 FORMAT ( 5 X ,*CCE.*//)
296 540 FORMAT ( 3 X , * F A N * , l S X > * P E R * , F Z l o 4 , 4 X
297 5 3 4 1 FORMAT ( 3 X , * E F F I C I E N C Y * G X , ' U R I T * / /
298
299
5 3 5 2 FORMAT ( 3 X *CO,. , RATIO*!
5 3 6 3 FORMAT ( 3 X 1 'FAN MEAN' 9 1 0 x 9 *LB!'/CU F
3Gil 5 0 6 1 FOQIYAT (3X r * D E N S I T Y * r ! / )
331 6000 FORMAT ( 3 X @ * M A S S F L O U , 9 X , * K G / S * , F L
3 C2 6012 FORMCT ( 3 X , * F A N S P E C I F ~ C ' , ~ ~ ~ ? / K G *
3c3 6L125 FORHAT ( 3 X * F A N OUTPUT ,8X, pF23
99
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

334
3G 5
30u
3c7
306
3c9
313
o7PRTqL
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
I O0

Provided by IHS under license with ASME ,-
ASME P T C * 3 3 8 4 W 0759670 O053376 T W
1
c
3
4 SUJFiROUTINE MASNRG DETERMINES F A N PEHFGRMANCL U S I N G
K A S S FLG'n' R A T E / S P E C I F I C EkERGY APPZOACH
57
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
8
9
1Li
11
ll
13
14 L
15 C O M M O I + / PRFRM / RHO1 pHH02 (EKl pEK2 ,POW1 1POWO t
16 1 POWOC t K P M 1 iRPMC (KC 1RHOlC > T I C i
17 2 PTAlC
16 COPMQN / P R F R K l / ALPHA1,ALPHAZ
19 COMMOh! / PLNAVG / HOOT1 ,MOOT2 ,MOOT3 i Y F ,PS1 (PSZ 9
20 1 PS3 rPV1 iPV2 tPT1 ,PT2 tPSA1 1
71 2 PSA; tPSA3 9TS1 pTS2 1PFT iPFS i
22 3 PFV ,KP
23 COPMON / OUTFE / N D O T C ,YFC ,PCI~ZC ,KRHOC vETAC ,RHOMC
24 COMMON / PROP / K 1R p MU
25 C
26 DIMENSION AREA ( 3 )
27 C
28 C41*a~gt***t*44*444*4*4~*~*~t*~~****~*4**t~4*4~4*444*4**4*44**4*****~*~
29 L L
38
31
CALCULPTE PERFORMANCE ,
C.
32
33
34
35
36
37
33
39
4iJ
41
42
43
44
45
46
117
4b
49
53
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
56
59
03
6:
Z P R T f L LASSRCoVOLPRS
101

ASME P T C x 1 1 8 4 0757b70 0051377 1 M
14
15
PIAlL
COMMON / PLNAVG / MOOT1 pMDaT2 t M D O T 3 ( Y F ,PSl rPS2 ,
16 1 PS3 tPV1 tFW2 rPT! rPT2 9PSA1 9
17 2 PSA rPSA3 gTS1 ~TSL ,PFT 9PFS
1s 3 p c u
I .
. U D
19 COYMON / PROP / K .R"' a MU
COPMOFI / OUTVP / E F C ;PFTC ;PFWC ,PFSC ,KPC 9ETASC
31
1 7
ETAT ,ETATC , F T A S
'COMMlri / OUTPE / YDOTC , Y F C O k I C ,KRHOC , T A C ,RHOMC
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
45
46
47
C
7
L
X
=
=
( K -
1. 1 / K 4 POW1
PFT / P T A 1
* C17 / ( GF 9 P T A 1 1
48 KP = 2 9 A L O E ( 1. + X 1 / ( ( ( X 4 ALOG( 1. + Z ) 1))
49 POW0 = QF 9 PFT *
KP / C 1 7
ETAT
ETAS 13Y1/ KL -
1. 1 / K C 9 P l' A l / P T A l C *
f C / ( K -
7 RPiC H o l $ 4 RHOF
A L O G ( li fPY
A
xc z f x p c A 1 - 1.
I K I*
- /
1.
KC 1* I-
L C 1 / b . L O G ( 1. + Z ) *
KPKPC = Z / ZC * xc / K - 1. ) * ( K C - 1. / KC
5i KPC = K P / K PKPC
59 QFC = Q F * R FHC / R P M l 9 K P K P C
PFTC = P F T 4 H H O l C / RHOF
*- *( RPMC / 2 P M 1 ) * * 2
* * KPKPC
PFVC z PFV ( RPMC / R P P l I * * 2 i H O 1 C / EHOF
PFSC PFTC PFVC
POblIC = P O Y I 9 RR HH OO ll CC // OHCF
RHOF **
( RPMC / P P F l 1 '43. ** KPKPC
POGiOC
ETATC
= PCWC
= ETAT
* RPMC / R P H l )**3. KPKPC
46
ti7 C
ETASC *
= E T A T PFSC / P F T C
68 RETURN
69 C
73 EKE
3PRT.L LABSRCaOUTV
102

ASME PTC*LL B Y 0 7 5 9 6 7 0 0051378 3 W
3 C C
4 C SUBROUTINE OUTV OUTPUTS RESULTS FRCH VOLUME F L O d RATE / C
5 C PRESSURE AFPSOACtl C
6 C C
7 C***~*~*********8*$*~****4******0*4**~****4~44~******~*~~44~****4*t~~*C
8 C****~*g4*%***4t**444**~4~~*****~44~**~*4~~*0~**4*44**444~*4~~4*~*
9 c
13 SUSROUTIh'E OUTV ( Q F t RHOF? I U 1
11 C
12 COMMOK / PRFRM / RHO: ,RHOZ ,EK1 (EK2 ?POW1 I P O W O 9
13 1 PObOC , R f . H l (RPHC 9KC rRhO1C ( T l C 9
14 2 PTAlC
15 -COMMON / PLhAVG / M D O T L vMUOT2 (MOOT3 ,YF IPS1 IPS? 9
16 1 PS3 vPV1 IPb2 pPT1 ,PT2 PPSAl I
17 2 PSAZ tPSA3 rTS1 pTSL ,PFT VPFS I
18 3 PFV IKF
19 COFNOk / PROP / K ?R I MU
2G cowah CUTUP QFC tPFTC tPFVC tPFSC KPC ?ETAS
21 1 E T A T IETATC ?ETAS
22 COHMON / CUTME 1ADOTC pYFC (POLIIC 9KRHCC ETAC 9 RHOH
23 C O Y M O K / UVOPR UUFR 9UPFTR VUPFVR IUPFSR UETAT R t U E T A
24 1 UR PO F R..
25 COMMON / UVOPR UGFS VUPFTS PUPFVS t U P F S S
P UET.AT S TUETA
26 1 URHOF 5
27 C O M M O N / UPACS UMCTF RIUYFR pUPIH 9UETAR URHOC R PUPOR
28 1 UMDTF SvUYFS rUPIS 9UETAS URHOH s, UPOS
29 COE!NOIq / UVPCR U Q F C R PCIPFTCR rUPFSCR pUPFVCR U P I C R IUPOC
gr; UETAC i7
31 lC*Mt+ON / UVPCS UUFCS ~UPFTCS,UPFSCS,UPFVCS U P I C S VUPOC
B
34
C
1
REAL KP
UETAC S
,c 1KPC (MCOT1 ,%DOT2
33 C
36 INTEGER Z
37 C
3b
39
43
4 1
42
43
44
45
116
47
48
49
50
51
52 ut4 = SC9T ( UCFR + G Q F S )
53 RAN = SCRT ( LIPFR 1
SYS S C R T ( UCFS 1
2
56
AUF;
ARA14
=
=
UN *
PAN # GF
OF
57 ASYS = SYS * CF
5b
59
PCUN
PCRAN == CFi
RAF! *
0 lC.
lLC*
63 PCSYS = S Y S 4 1UG.
61 C
62 I F U *EGm 1 ) THEN
03 RI E (z,sic) ~ F , A ~ ~ , P C ~ ~ , A ~ A N , P C R A ~ ~ A S Y S ~ P C ~ Y S
04 LiRI E (ZtSGGl)
65 ELSE
66 WHIT: (Z96LSC) CFIAUN,PCUN~AR~N~PCRAKIASYS?PCSYS
67 WRIT- (L15CGl)
68
69
-
L
Elf0 I F
72 UN SURT GPFTR + UPFTS 1
71 RA% = SuRT ( uPFTK )
73 SYS = SCRT i UPFTS 1
73
74
75
AUN
ARbN
ASYS
=
=
U$
RAN
SYS 0
** PFT
PFT
PFT
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

76
77
PCUN
PCRAN
PCSYS
=
=
=
Uk
RAN
SYS
*** 1cc.
iGc.
1GO.
78
79 C
80
81
82
83 ELSE
54 YRITE (ZtbClG) PFTpAUN,PCUN,ARAh,PCRAN,ASYS,PCSYS
85 WRITE (2,5011)
86 EN@ I F
87 C
88 UN SQRT ( U P F S R UPFSS 1
89 FAN SQRT ( UPFSR
93 SYS SQRT ( U P F S S
92 AUN Uh 9 PFS
92 ARA N RAN 9 P F S
93 ASY S SYS 9 P F S
P t UN UN 9 100.
99
95
96
PCR AN
P C S YS
RAN
SYS
*4 Lo.
1ZG.
97 C
98 IF ( I U .EQ* 1 THEN
99 WRITE (Z,5C201 PFSpAUN PCUN,ARAN,PCRAN,ASYS(PCSYS
1GU Y R I T E (215121 1
ia1
PCUN,ARAN,PCRANvASYSpPCSYS
104
1c5 C
106 UPFVS i
107
10s
li19
110
Asy'r; z S y S 8 PFV
111
112 PCUN
PCRAN
=
E-
UN *
13Ca
S A N 9 100.
113
114 PCSYS $YS *
Ibo.
115
I F t I U .EC. 1 1 THEk
i!$ U R I T E (2,533C) P F V , A t i N , P C U N , A R A N f P C G A N , A S Y S , P C S Y S
U R I T E (2,5C!31)
i:;
120
ELSE
WRITE (296030) PFV~AUN,PCUN,ARAN~PCRANpASYS,PCSYS
121 H R I T E (Zt5C31)
122 EYE I F
123
i24 Uw
125 RAN
126 SYS
127 AUN
128 LrRAF!
129 ASYS
116 PCUN
Hi PCQAN
PCSYS = RAN *1GC.
S Y S 4 1co.
133 C
IF ( I U .EC. 1 1 T H E N
=5
i136 WRITE
WRITE
(2,52501 P O W I , A U N , P C U N , A R A N , P C R A N , A S Y S , P C S Y S
(Z15G51)
137 ELSE
138 WRITE (2,6050) P O U I , A U N p P C U N , A R A N , P C R A N , A S Y S , P C S Y S
139 WRITE (Zf5C51)
140 END I F
141 C
142 UN =
SQR UPOR + tipos 1
143 RAN =
SQR UPOR 1
144 SYS =
SQR UPOS 1
145 AUN =
ubi
= RAN
ck'o
ok'c
146 ARAN
147 ASYS z SYS ow0
148 PcuN UN= 20.
149 PCRA N = RAN oc.
153 PCSY s =
SYS so.
151 C
104
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

ASME PTC*LL 84 0 7 5 b 7 0 0051380 L W
o 152
153
154
I F ( X U * E a . I 1 THEN
? R I T E ( Z 9 5 G 6 C 1 POiJO pAUN,PCUNyARANpPCRAN pASYS r P C S Y S
I U R I T E (ZtSC61)
15 5 c-l
LLJL
cc
156 WHITE (216UGC) POUC9AUNvPCUtJvARAN,PCRAN,ASYjlPCSYSvPCSYS
157 WRITE (Z15t611
158 END I F
159
16C Ut4 2 SQRT t UETATR + UETATS )
lEl
162
RAN
SYS
== SQQT
SQRT
( UETATR 1
( UETATS )
163
164
AUN
ARAN
== UN
RAN
** ETAT
ETAT .
i65 ASYS = SYS 4 ETAT
=
** 13C.
166 PCL" Uti
107 PCRAhi Z RAN 1OC.
16%
169
PCSYS = SYS * reo.
17G URITE (215C7G) TATpAUN~PCUt4,ARAN,PCEANpASYS9PCSYS
171 CIRITE (Z15G71)
172
173 1
174
175
i76
177
178
179
180
181
182
183 K R I T E (2,5380) ETAS,AUN,PCUtipARANpPCRANIASYS>PCSYS,PCSYS
TE4 YRITE ( Z ~ 5 C 8 1 )
185
186 UH = SQRT ( URHOFR + UHHOFS )
i87 RAN = SQRT i URHOFR 1
SYS SQRT ( URHOFS 1
**
188
le9 AUk = Ubi RHOF
193 ARAN = RAk RHOF
191 ASYS = SYS 4 RHOF
192
193
194
PCUN
PtPAt:
PCSYS
==
=
UN
RAN
SY5
***
1UCe
10C1
1CO.
195
i 96 I F ( I U .EQ. 1 ) THEFI
197 W R I T E (Zp5C9E) R H O F t A U t V , P C U N r A R A N , P C R A R p A S Y S , P C S Y S
CI c r
198 LLJL
199 WRITE (Z9bC90) RHOF,AUNpPCUNpARANIPCRAN,ASYS,PCSYS,PCSYS
2cu END I F
201
222
20 3
204
2C5 WRITE ( Z 242C 1
2C6
zc7
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216 MRITE (Z,lCGC)
217 YRLTE ( Z , Z C E O )
218 rlRITE (Zp2ClC)
219 W R I T E (Z,GIl)
223 U R I T E (Zp2012)
221 c
222 Uh = SCRT ( UCFCR + UQFCS
223 RAI.! = SQRT li;CFC!7 1
(
224 SYS = SGRT UGFCS 1
225
226
AUN
AQAtJ
=
=
UN
RAN
**
PFC
QFC
(
227 ASYS = SYS 9 EFC
I05
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

228 PCUN Z Uk 9 ~ L C O
229 PCRAN
PCSYS = RAN
SYS
1000
1GC.
**
23
231
232 IF ( I U o E C o 1 1 THEN
233 W R I T E (Z,5&02) Q F C , A b N , P C U N , A R A N , P C R A N , A S Y S , P C S Y S
234 IJRITE ( 2 9 5CCl)
235 ELSE
236 WRITE (2*6CCIC) Q F C , A U N t P C U N t A R A h , P C R A N , A S Y S , P C S Y S
237 WRITE (Z15Ci31)
236 END I F
239 UPFTCS
240 UN SORT UPFTCR
24 1 RAN SQRT ( U P F T C R
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
242 SYS SQRT UPFTCS

243 AUN UN *
PFTC
RAbi 9 P F T C
A,RAN
244
245 ASYS
PCUN
SYS
ulu 0 130.
*
PFTC
246
247 PCRAN RAN *
1630
248 PCSYS SYS *
10G.
249
250 IF ( I U oLQ. 1 ) THEE
251 (Z,5C12) P F T C , A U N , P C U N , A R A N , P C R A R , A S Y S , P C S Y S
WRITE
252 r b
W
er
RITE
(2,5011)
253 CL3L
254 W R I T E (Zi6OlC) P F T C , A U N , P C U N , A R A N , F C R A N , A S Y S , P C S Y S
WR T E (Z,5!211)
%Z
257
E N D 4F
258 uN = SQRT ( UPFSCR + UPFTCS
259 RAN = SQRT UPFSCR 1
260 SYS = CCRT U P F S C S 1
26 1 AUN = UN 4 PFSC
ARAN R A N 9 PFSC
***
262
263 ASYS = SYS PFSC
264 PCUN = UN 1000
265
266
PCRAN
PCSYS == PAN 1LO.
S Y S 4 15.
$287
260
IF ( I U .EGO 1 1 THEN
U R I T E (Z,5 1 PFSC,AUNgPCUNtARAN,PCRANtASYS,PCSYS
27u W R I T E (Z,5Q$f)
r i c r
271 LLJL
272 WRITE (Z,6C2G) P F S C , A U N t P C U N t A R A N , P C R A N , A S Y S , P C S Y S
273 WRITE (Z,SC21)
274 EN5 I F
275
276 UN I: SQRT ( UPFVCR + UPFTCS 1
277 RAf4 = SQRT ( UPFVCF )
276 SYS = SQRT ( UPFVCS 1
279 f!!N == Uk
RA&
4 PFVC
PFVC*
ASYS
PCUFi
= SYS
UN
PFVC
4 ILI20
*
z83
L84
PCRAN
PCSYS
== RAY
SYS
120.
100.**
ZR5
,786 IF ( I U o E Q o 1 1 THEN
287 YRITE ( z , ~ c ~ GP )
FVC,AUN,PC~N,ARAN,PCRA~~,ASYS,PCSYS
288 URITE tZ,5C31)
269 ELSE
290 iRITE (Z,6C3C) P F V C , A U N , P C U N , A R A b , P C R A N p P S Y S , P C S Y S
291 WRITE (Zi5C31)
292 END I F
29 3
294
295 url SQRT = 1 UPCR + UPICS )
296 AUtu UK d FOWIC
QAX I: SGFiT UPICR 1
297
298 APAN
PCUh
RAN
UiF
=
==
** POWIC
1kE.
299
300 PCHAN
SYS
RAN
= SQRT
* 1C@o
( iJPICS i
3C1
305 ASYS
PCSYS
SYS
SYS 4
=
=
* POWIC
130.
303
106

-
ASME PTC*KLL BLJ M 0759670 0 0 5 3 3 B 2 5 =
I
324
5Eb
307
IFU61fE
WRITE
l$)!iCkC)
(Z,5L151)
1 THEN
,
POYIC, AUN PCUk, ARAN ,PCHAh ,ASYS ,PCSYS
3CB ELSE
3c-9 rlKITE (Z96C501 P O W I C , A U N > P C U N , A R A N , P C R A N , A S Y S , P C S Y S
23 1f P2 r
WRITE
EfdP I F
(295C51)
313 UN = SRT UPOCR + UPGCS

(
314 RAN = SQRT UPOCR 1
(
jib SYS
AUF, == SQRT
Ut4 *UPOCS 1
POYOC
(
317 ARPN = RAN 9 P O k O C
315
319
ASYS
PCUN
SYS
Uh: **
POLIOC
130.
PCRbN
PCSYS
== RAN
SYS
**
120.
1CC.
323 IF ( IL! . E Q . i ) THEN
324 WRITE (Z95C60) P O W O C , A U N , P C U N , A R A N , P C R A N , A S Y S , P C S Y S
325 ri
kc Rr I T E ( 2 , 5 5 6 1 )
326 LLJL
327 b l R I T F (2,6060) P O k O C , A U N V P C U N , b R b N , P C R A N , A S Y S , P C S Y S
325 WRITE ( L t 5 G 6 1 )
E
332
n
1.
EMD I F
UN
RAN =
S C R T ( UETACR + UETACS
S U R T ( UETACH 1
3% 2ARAN
;: =
==
S Q R T ( UETACS )
UN *
*
ETATC
212 PAh ETATC
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CSYS S Y S ic ETATC
337 PCUFi = U h 4 130.
333
339
PCRAN
PCSYS =
f RAN
SYS
**152.
1GC.
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
34 7
348
34?
353
351
35.2
353
354
355
356
357
356
359
566f
362
lO!Jil FORKAT(7(/))
2320 F 3 R Y A T t 3 4 X ; ' V O L U M E
1ERTAINTIES *////I
FLOY RATE / PRESSURE PPPROACH Y I T H ABS OLUTE UNC
*
iftl:
365
2 3 1 0 FORM4
1,RX,
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366 2 3 1 1 FORK$
367 lr7Xt
368 FORMA
$:$$
;,:i
369 FORMA
5 9 0 0 FORMA
1 F12
5 3 3 1 FORMA
82
375
5:713 F O R M A
1 F12
376
377 L riL.ast
378 5 C 2 1 F O R M A T 4 4X
379 5;33G F O R M A T ( 4 X
I
107

7
ASME PTC*LL 8 4 W 0757b70 0051383 7 W

~
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--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
APPENDIX C
SAMPLE C O M P U T E R OUTPUT
The following sample output is based on a four-point traverse. Obviously, no real test wil! have as
few points as this, but additional points are not necessary to illustrate the calculations and the results.
Input data and intermediate calculations, as well as final results, are given. Both actual and converted
results are shown. The results are given for both the mass flow rate - specific energy approach and
the volume flow rate - pressure approach. The same measurements were used t c obtain the results
for the two different approaches.
D
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APPENDIX D
DERIVATIONS OF UNCERTAINTY EQUATIONS
This Appendix deals with the propagation of uncertainties into the results. Included are derivations
for four of the uncertainty equations that appear in Par, 5.12. The other equations in Par. 5.12 can be
derived in a manner similar to one of the four examples. All of the derivations follow the approach
suggested in Ref. (2).
D I UNCERTAINTY IN h,, THE MASS FLOW RATE AT PLANE x

The equation for IT?, is given in Section 5 as
f i l x =Ax
--
Cz n
2 (PjVj cos *j cos 4j)x (5.6-1)
Not all of the variables in this equation are direct test measurem t We can get closer to
measurements by substituting for pi and 4.
(5.4-5)
vj = CI2fE (5.5-1)
We can also improve this analysis by adding two factors, i, an( psmJ to t..e original equation. Both the
number of pointsfactor F, and the steadiness factor F, are assumed equal to unity; therefore, they will
not change the original equation. However, they will provide a basis for evaluating the uncertainties
due to number of points and unsteadiness. Substituting for pi and Vi and adding F, and FSm gives
(D.1-1)
j=7
It will be helpful to introduce Ai which is equal to A,/n and substitute

--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
(D.l-2)
Defining the flow through Ai as hi,

121

~ ASME P T C x 3 3 84 = 0759670 0053396 5 W
(D.l-3) o
The constants CI1, CI2, and C2 can be considered exact and, therefore, ignored in the uncertainty
analysis. It follows that
(D.l-4)
Differentiating
drh, =
am
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am
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aFn aF S , j=1
a
j=l
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o
j=l j=1
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(dfi,)2 = (z
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-
j=1
(D.l-6)
Assuming complete independence of the individual terms, the cross product terms are all zero.
Si mi I ar I y,
i=l
r h j = m, + m2 + . + m, *
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
(d 2
j=1
2
n i j ) = (dh,)' + ( d r ~ +j ~. ) ~. + (drh,)2 +xwxqmxhct terms+O (D.1-7)
O
I22

ASME PTC*LL 84 W 0759670 0053377 7 W
Hence,
(D.1-8)
Dividing by (rh,)*,
2 (dmj)2
=( !y2
( 2)2 +(
j=l
+ (D.I
-9)
Ffl
(2
j =1 mj)*
I n the manner of Kline and McClintock [Ref. (2)], let
etc., where U i s the absolute uncertainty and u is the relative or per unit uncertainty i n the subscripted
quantity. It is also useful to denote the partial derivative of a result with respect to a particular variable
as the sensitivity factor 8. For example,
etc.
To develop a compact notation, let
amj
e.!,I. = - for variables in mj
avi, j
Thevariablesvi,jinrnjare: Aj,Psj,Pb,R,7,j,pvj,t,kj,andC$ji.Ifi = 1 , v i ~ i s A j ; i = 2,V;,jicpsj;i = 3 , v ; ~ i c p b ;

-.
i = 4, v.i d. i s R ; i = 5, viJ is 7SI.. i = 6, v. 1.is p VI i = 7, is t,kj; and i = 8 vj,jis C$j, The various sensitivity factors
are:
I23
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

ASME P T C * 3 3 8 4 W 0 7 5 b 7 0 0053378 7 W
~ ~~ ~
ahj mj
epvj-
- --
--
aPvj 2Pvj
am.
,goj =I- - -tan I,!Ij f i j
a IC;.
ah, -
= -- -tan d j m j
adj
All of these sensitivity factors have the general form
mj
e..=- where g(vi,j) is a function of vi,j
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
191
S(Vi.j)
We can also let
2
j=l
( d h j ) 2= 2
j=l
(D.l-1O )
However,
(D.l-11)
where Ui is the uncertainty in the variable i, and where i = Aj, psi, pb, etc. It follows that
(D.1-I2)
Also that
(D.l-13)
Rearranging the equation for m, (D.1-4) gives
Also
4 [
+I (2)+ ( ?)2 +( 32]
tan2 +
+ ( c
19
(D.1-14) @
124

.
ASME PTC*LL 84 M 075'7b70 005L3'7'7 O W
Therefore, by substituting in (D.1-9)
Setting F, and Fsm equal to unity, rearranging, and substituting relative uncertainties where possible,
j=l
(D.1-16 )
This i s Eq. (5.12-3).
D2 UNCERTAINTY IN psx, THE AVERAGE STATIC PRESSURE AT PLANE x

The equation for psxi s given in Section 5 as
(5.7-1)
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
The Vi cos cos terms in both the numerator and denominator are weighting factors in the
averaging process. We will assume that the contributions of these weighting factors to uncertainty are
negligible and approximate Eq. (5.7-1) by
1 "
psx -C Psj (D.2-1)
n i=1
only for the purpose of uncertainty evaluation.
Differentiating
(D.2-2)
Noting that
j=l j=l
125

ASME P T C m 1 1 8 4 W 0 7 5 9 6 7 0 0051400 3 W
and that
if we assume the cross product terms to be zero (because of independence), we find
(D.2-3)
Dividing by p&
(D.2-4)
Multiplying by p$/p$
(D.
2-5)
e
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Since dpsj/psj= LIpsj, the final equation is
(D.
2- 6)
This i s Eq. (5.12-9).
D3 UNCERTAINTY IN P, FOR A CALIBRATED A C M O T O R

The equation for PI is given in Section 5 as
(5.8-1)
Differentiating
1 o3
dP/ = (WdqM + VMdW) - (D.3-1)
cl4
Substituting for Wand qM
(D.3-2) e
i 26

ASME PTC*LL BL( W 0757670 005LqOL 5 W
Dividing by PI, squaring, and setting cross product terms t o z e r o
(y[(y2(
= + !E)2] (D.3-3)
In terms of relative uncertainties, t h e result including t h e effect of unsteadiness is
u;, = U i s , + u;M + u h (D.3-4)
This is Eq. (5.12-16).

l
D4 UNCERTAINTY IN pm, THE FAN MEAN DENSITY

The equation for pm is given in Section 5 as
P1 + P2
Pm =2 (5.10-1)
Differentiating
1
dpm = 7 ( d p i + dpd (D.4-1) .
Squaring and dropping cross product terms

O
(DI4-2)
Writing in terms of uncertainties
"2 = "i1 + "i2

(D.4-3)
hl (P1 + P2I2
This is Eq. (5.12-22).
0
I27
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

ASME PTC*LL 8 4 m 0759b70 0053403 9
~
APPENDIX E
ASSIGNING VALUES T O PRIMARY UNCERTAINTIES
The equations in Par. 5.12 give the uncertainties of the various results of the test in terms of the
uncertainties in the test measurements and in certain other factors. These measurement and factor
uncertainties, herein called primary uncertainties, should reflect the circumstances of the test. Some
of the Circumstances that affect the primary uncertainties are discussed in this Appendix. Typical
values of the primary uncertainties are also suggested here. Values are given for both the systematic
and the random components of the uncertainties where appropriate.
E l NUMBER O F POINTS FACTOR (F,,)

The factor F,, was introduced in Appendix D in the derivation of the uncertainty in h,. The factor F,
itself is assumed equal to unity and is dropped from the final equations for h, and for uni,. The
relative uncertainty in F, is called u;,,, i s systematic, and is believed to have a value of 0.01 or 1% if the
specifications regarding number of points are followed. The uncertainty increases rapidly as fewer
and fewer points are used. Increasing the number of points probably does not improve the
uncertainty very rapidly. There i s no random uncertainty in F,,.
E2 STEADY OPERATION FACTOR FOR X (Fsx)

The factor F,, was introduced in Appendix D in the derivation of the uncertainty in hx.Similar
factors F,, for other performance variables X are also required. In every case, the factor itself is
assumed equal to unity and is dropped from the final equations for X and for u,. The relative
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
uncertainty in F,, is random, i s called u!,,, and is evaluated from the reference measurementsfor the
velocity pressure pVR,the appropriate temperature TR,and the appropriate static pressure psaR.The
evaluation is obtained as follows:
( a ) obtain averages for pVR,TR,and psaRmeasurements for each window of time;
-
(b) calculate hR= (psaRpVR/TR)for each window of time;
(c) calculate the mean and the standard deviation for all hR(.e., for all windows of time);
( d ) multiply the standard deviation by 2;
(e) divide by the mean; and
( f ) call the result u$$,.
Other steady operation factors are required and a similar procedure can be used. Table E I lists the
factors, the reference measurements, and the combinations required to determine u:,,. There is no
systematic uncertainty in Fsx.
E3 TEST MEASUREMENTS
Typical values for both the random and the systematic components of the uncertainties in the
various test measurements are shown in Table E2.
I29

TABLE E I
Facfor Uncertainty Combination of Reference Measurements
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
TABLE E2
_ _ _ ~ ~ ~
Measurement Random Uncertainty Systematic Uncertainty
Ax uRA,= 0.007 usAx= 0.007
R uRR= nil USR = 0.002
Tsj URTsj= 0.5OF UsTsj= 2OF
P vj uRp. = 0.025 USPvj = 0.011

VI
Psj uRpsj= 0.015 us = 0.011

PSI
Pb URpb= 0.01 in. Hg Uspb= 0.05 in. Hg
*i UROj = 2O us3 = 2O
4j UR3 = 20 US = 20
tlM URqM = 0.001 US,M = 0.010
0.001 digital
W usw = 0.010
U~ - (0.001 digital
E USE = 0.010
E - 0.010 analog
u~ - (0.001 digital
I
- 0.010 analog
u: = 0.010
URr = 0.010
N 1 I n i l (electronic)
pi UR,>( = 0.010 usp, = 0.010
n R,,= I count U,, = nil
t R,= 2 sec -slip

~~ ~
usi = I sec
GENERAL NOTE:
These values should only be used if the actual circumstances support their use.
130

ASME P T C * 1 1 194 0757670 0 0 5 1 4 0 4 O W
The various random uncertainties that are listed in Table E2 are based on estimates of the
fluctuations in the measured variable during a typical fan test (excluding fluctuations due to
unsteady operation as reflected in the steady operation factor). These fluctuations are due in part to
the fact that the fan has a finite number of blades. The extent of the fluctuations will be influenced
by the damping that operates on the signal and therefore by the choice of instruments.
The various systematic uncertainties that are listed in Table E2 are based on the assumption that
instruments will be selected for the test in accordance with the specifications in this Code. The
values shown are based on estimates of the residual uncertainty after calibration, on estimates of the
effects of temperature and other changes not included in the calibration, and on estimates of
operator bias.
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

I
ASME P T C x 3 3 AL( M 0759b70 0 0 5 3 4 0 5 2 M
APPENDIX F
REFERENCES
(IGerhart,
) P., Jorgensen, R., and Kroll, J., A Comparison of Two Alternative Methods for
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Defining Fan Performance, journal of Engineering for Power, January 1982.

(2) Kline, S . J . and McClintock, F. A., Describing Uncertainties in Single-Sample Experiments,
Mechanical Engineering, January 1953.
(3) I S 0 Standard 5168, Measurement of Fluid Flow-Estimation of Uncertainty of a Flow-Rate
Measurement.
(4) ASHRAE Standard 51-75/AMCA Standard 210-74, Laboratory Methods of Testing Fans for
Rating.
(5) Brown, N,, A Mathematical Evaluation of Pitot Tube Traverse Methods, ASHRAE Paper 2325,
1975.
(6) Draft Proposal for an I S 0 Standard: Measurement of Fluid Flow in Closed Conduits by the
Velocity Area Method Using Pitot-static Tubes, ISO/TC-30/SC-3, February 1974.
(7) Particulate Sampling Strategies for Large Power Plants Including Non-uniform Flow, EPA
Report PB-257-090, June 1976.
(8) Cerhart, P., Nuspl, S . , Wood, C., and Lovejoy, S., An Evaluation of Velocity Probes for
Measuring Non-uniform Gas Flow in Large Ducts, journal o f Engineering for Power, October
1979.
(9) Gerhart, P. M. and Dorsey, M. J., Investigation of Field Test Procedures for Large Fans, EPRI
Report CS 1651, December 1980.
(IO) Gerhart, P. M., Averaging Methods for Determining the Performance of Large Fans from Field
Measurements, journal of Engineering for Power, April 1981.
(11) Wyler, J. S., Probe Blockage Effects in Free Jetsand Closed Tunnels, journal of Engineering for
Power, October 1975.
(12) Benedict, R. P., Fundamentals o f Temperature, Pressure, and Flow Measurements, 2nd Edition,
Wiley-lnterscience, 1977, pp. 356-359.
(13) Dean, R. C., ed., Aerodynamic Measurements, M I T Cas Turbine Lab Report, 1953.
(14) Obert, E., and Caggoli, R., Thermodynamics, 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1963.
(15) Perry and Chilton, ChemicalEngineersHandbook, 5th Edition, McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1973,
pp. 3-248.
(16) Compressibility Effects for Industrial Fans, ISO/TC 117/SC-1, January 1982,
(17) AMCA Publication 201, Fans and Systems.
(18) Clarke, M. S., The Implementation and Analysis of a PTC 11 Test Program, 1982 AMCA
Engineering Conference.
(19) Yost, John G., Field Performance Testing of Large Power Plant Fans, MSME Thesis, University
of Akron, Akron, Ohio.
133

Provided by i - under license with ASME
IHS \.
I . . . .... :
PERFORMANCE TEST CODES NOW AVAILABLE

1
PTC 4.3 - Air Heaters.. .............. .... .... . .. .,..,. ...... ,,., . . , , .(1968)
PTC 23 - Atmospheric Water Cooling Equipment.. .., ..'. ......., , , ,..(1958)
PTC 8.2 - Centrifugal Pumps . ,.................. .... .. .. .... .... .. ...(1965)
PTC 12.1 - Closed Feedwater Heaters.. ,.., .....,, ..,........... ..., .,..(1978)
PTC 4.2 - Coal Pulverizers , ... .... ... .,......... ........ . . .... . ,... .. .(1969)
PTC 10 - Compressors and Exhausters . , ...... .........., ....... . . ... .(1965)
t PTC 39.1 - Condensate Removal Devices for Steam Systems .. .. ... . . . .. .(1980)
P PTC 12.3 - Deaerators . .. ..,..,,,. ,,...,... , ..., . ..... ,.. ,.,,, . ... . .,. ,( 1977)
PTC 2 - Definitions and Values . .... .... . . .. . . . , . ....,... .. ,.... . .. ..(1980)
PTC 38 - Determining the Concentration of Particulate Matter in a
Gas Stream . ,. . .. ,.,. .,.. . ... , , ,,..,, ....,... . . . . ... . .. . .(1980)
PTC 28 - Determining the Properties of Fine Particulate Matter .. . . . . . ..(1965)
PTC 3.1 - Diesel and Burner Fuels., , .. ., , ,.. , .. . , , ... , ,., . , . . , .. , . .. ,.(1958)
PTC 9 - Displacement Compressors, Vacuum Pumps and Blowers.. .. . ,(i 970)
PTC 7.1 - Displacement Pumps.. .. . . . . . . ,,. . .... ...... . .. . . ...,. . ... . .(1962)
PTC 21 - Dust Separating Apparatus., . .... . . ,.. . ..... ... .. . .,.. . . , . ..(1941)
PTC 24 - Ejectors.. .. ... .... . ..... . ..... . .. ..,. . .. . .. ... . .. . ... . . ....(1976)
PTC 14 - Evaporating Apparatus ... * . . , . .,.,. , ,., . . . , . .., , ...., . . ... , .(1970)
PTC 16 - Gas Producers and Continuous Gas Generators.. ,. . .. .. . . ,. , .(i 958)
PTC 4.4 - Gas Turbine Heat Recovery Steam Generators.. .. . . . , . . . . ... .(1981)
PTC 22 - Gas Turbine Power Plants.. . . . . .. . .,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . , . . . . .(1966)
PTC 3.3 - Gaseous Fuels .. . , ..,. . ...., ,.,.. . . , .... ... ... ., . , .... . .. . . ( i 969)
PTC 1 - General Instructions . . ,.. . ... . .. . . ..... .. . ... . . . .. . .. .. ... , .(1980)
PTC 18 - Hydraulic Prime Movers.. , . ,..... ,. .,. . . . . ... ... . . . , . . .,., . .(1949)
PTC 31 - Ion Exchange Equipment .,... .. . ..... ..,,...... . . ... . . .. .(i 973)
PIC 33 - Large Incinerators .,. . , , ..,. . ... ,. ... ,... .,. , . . . . .. . ... . ...(1978)
I . .
PTC 32.1 - Nuclear Steam Supply Systems.. . . .. ....,. . ...... . .... . ,....(1969)
PTC 20.2 - Overspeed Trip Systems for Steam Turbine-Generator Units . ..(1965)
PTC 20.3 - Pressure Control Systems Used on Steam Turbine-Generator
Units . ... . . . .. . .., .. . ... .... . . . . . . . ... ............. .... ..(1970)
' 1
PTC 18.1 - Pumping Mode of Pump/Turbinec.. . . . . .... .... . .. . . . ..... .. ,(1978)
PTC 17 - Reciprocating Internal-Com.bustion Engines.. .. . , , .. ..., .. . . ..(1973)
PTC 7 - Reciprocating Steam-Driven Displacement Pumps.. , . . ... . . ...(1949)
PTC 6 - Reciprocating Steam Engines., , , , .,... , , . . .., ...... , , . . .... .(1949)
PTC 25.3 - Safety and Relief Valves . ,..,... .... ,. . ... ....... . .... . . . .. .(1976)
PTC 3.2 - Solid Fuels., ... ..... ..... .... ..'. .. ., . .... . . . . . . . ... . . . .. . .(1954)
PTC 20.1 - Speed and Load Governing Systems for Steam Turbine-
Generator Units . .. . . ... .. .. . ..... . ,,.... . ...,. . . .... .., ..(1977)
PTC 29 - Speed-Governing Systems for Hydraulic Turbine-Generator
Units . .... , . ., , .. . . . . .,. .,,.. ..... , . ,,..,. ,.... , . ,. . . . .. .(1965)
PTC 26 - Speed-Governing Systems for Internal Combustion-Engine-
Generator Units .. ..... .,. .. . .. . . . ,..., .... . . ..... .... . . . .(i 962)
PTC 23.1 - Spray Cooling Systems.. , , ,,, ... . ..... . , . ... , ....., . . . .... . .(1983)
PTC 12.2 - Steam-Condensing Apparatus . . ... .. . ,...... .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . .(1983)
PTC 4.1 - Steam-Generating Units . . ;. .. ......... ., . ,... . . . . . ;. . . ... . ,(1964)
PTC 6 - Steam Turbines .., , ..... , , .., , . .,., .. , ..,.. , . .. , ., . , . . , , . . .(1976)
PTC 6A - Appendix A to Test Code for Steam Turbines , , . . . . .. . . ... . . . .(1982)
PTC 6 Report - Guidance for Evaluation of Measurement

Uncertainty in Performance Tests of Steam Turbines.. ..(i 969)
PTC 6 s Report - Simplified Procedures for Routing Performance Tests
. of Steam Turbines.. , . , , ..., , , ... , ..., ,, ., .. . , .. .... . .(I 970)
PTC 32.2 Report - Methods of Measuring the Performance of Nuclear
Reactor Fuel in Light Water Reactors . . . .. .. .. . .. .. . . . .(1978)
I'
1
CO5284
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---


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ASME P T C * l l 84 W 0757670 0051269 9 W @ /

ANSI/ASME PTC 11-1984

Copyright ASME International

No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,

Copyright ASME International

Copyright ASME International

ANSI/ASME PTC 11-1984

THE A M E R I C A N SOCIETY OF M E C H A N I C A L ENGINEERS

Copyright ASME International

No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,

Copyright ASME International

(This Foreword is not part of ANSVASME PTC 11-1984.)

Copyright ASME International

PERSONNEL OF PERFORMANCE TEST CODE COMMITTEE NO. 11

[The following is the roster of t h e Committee at t h e time of approval of this Code.)

H. R. Bohanon, ACME Engineering and Manufacturing Co.

Copyright ASME International

B O A R D ON PERFORMANCE TEST CODES

C. B. Scharp, Vice President

D. W. Anacki G. J. Gerber W. G. McLean

Copyright ASME International

Foreword ........................................................ iii

2 DEFINITIONS AND DESCRIPTION OF TERMS ......................... 3

3 GUIDING PRINCIPLES .............................................. 13

4 INSTRUMENTS AND METHODS OF MEASUREMENT .................. 19

6 REPORT OF RESULTS ............................................... 57

AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

ASME PERFORMANCE TEST CODES

Copyright ASME International

ANSI/ASME PTC 11 -1 984

SECTION 2 - DEFINITIONS AND

Symbol Description US, Customary SI

Symbols and Subscripted Symbols

CD Drag coefficient of probe section dimensionless dimensionless

c, Pitch pressure coefficient dimensionless dimensionless

CP Specific heat at constant pressure BtuAbm OF J/kg * K

FSX Steady operation factor for X where dimensionless dimensionless

6 Local acceleration due to gravity ft/sec2 m/s2

KI Probe total pressure coefficient dimensionless dimensionless

KV Probe velocity pressure coefficient dimensionless dimensionless

KP Compressibility coefficient dimensionless dimensionless

Kil Compressibility coefficient dimensionless dimensionless

Copyright ASME International

2.1 SYMBOLS (cont'd.)

Symbol Description U.S. Customary SI

Symbols and Subscripted Symbols (cont'd.)

N, Specified rotational speed rPm rev/s

nP Number of poles dimensionless dimensionless

Pl Fan input power hP kW

PO Fan output power hP kW

Pb Barometric pressure in. Hg k Pa

P Fi Fan total pressure in. wg k Pa

PP Partial pressure of water vapor in. Hg k Pa

Psa Absolute static pressure in. wa [Note (2)] k Pa

Pia Absolute total pressure in. wa k Pa

AP Differential pressure in. wg k Pa

QF Fan volume flow rate cf m m3/s

Probe Reynolds Number dimensionless dimensionless

Absolute static temperature O R K

Copyright ASME International

ANSI/ASME PTC 11-1 984

2.1 SYMBOLS (contd.)

Symbol Description US. Customary SI