PROJECT : PAGE :

CLIENT : DESIGN BY :
JOB NO. : DATE : REVIEW BY :
Wind Analysis for Open Structure (Solar Panels) Based on ASCE 7-2010

INPUT DATA
Exposure category (B, C or D) = C
Importance factor, 1.0 only, (Table 1.5-2) Iw = 1.00
Basic wind speed (ASCE 7-10 26.5.1) V = 136 mph
Topographic factor (26.8 & Table 26.8-1) Kzt = 1 Flat
Height of mean roof h = 10.5 ft
Roof slope 0 : 12
Roof length L = 16 ft
Roof horizontal projected width B = 11.33 ft
Effective area of component / cladding A = 10 ft2

DESIGN SUMMARY
1. Main Wind-Force Resisting System
Max horizontal force / base shear from roof = 0.00 kips
+ 0.00 kips (eave & columns increasing)
S 0.00 kips

Max vertical download force = 3.95 kips

Max vertical uplift force = 4.48 kips

Max moment at centroid of base from roof = 7.47 ft-kips

+ 0.75 ft-kips (eave & columns increasing)
S 8.21 ft-kips

2. Component and Cladding Elements

Max inward pressure = 69 psf
Max net outward pressure = 103 psf

ANALYSIS
Velocity pressure
qh = 0.00256 Kh Kzt Kd V2 = 34.21 psf
where: qh = velocity pressure at mean roof height, h. (Eq. 28.3-1 page 298 & Eq. 30.3-1 page 316)
Kh = velocity pressure exposure coefficient evaluated at height, h, (Tab. 28.3-1, pg 299) = 0.85
Kd = wind directionality factor. (Tab. 26.6-1, for building, page 250) = 0.85
h = height of mean roof = 10.50 ft

Main Wind-Force Resisting System (Sec. 27.4.3)

p = qh G CN
F = p Af
where: G = gust effect factor. (Sec. 26.9) = 0.85
q = roof angle = 0.00 degree
< 45 deg. [Satisfactory]
Af = roof actual area. = 90.6 ft2, windward
= 90.6 ft2, leeward
CN = net force coefficients. (Fig. 27.4-4, page 267)
Check Fig. 27.4-4 limitation h/B= 0.93 within [0.25 , 1.0] [Satisfactory]

WIND TO BOTTOM, g = 0o WIND TO TOP, g = 180o

CLEAR FLOW OBSTRUCTED CLEAR FLOW OBSTRUCTED
q CASE CNW CNL CNW CNL CNW CNL CNW CNL
A 1.20 0.30 -0.50 -1.20 1.20 0.30 -0.50 -1.20
p (psf) 34.89 8.72 -14.54 -34.89 34.89 8.72 -14.54 -34.89
F (kips) 3.16 0.79 -1.32 -3.16 3.16 0.79 -1.32 -3.16
0.00
B -1.10 -0.10 -1.10 -0.60 -1.10 -0.10 -1.10 -0.60
p (psf) -31.99 -2.91 -31.99 -17.45 -31.99 -2.91 -31.99 -17.45
F (kips) -2.90 -0.26 -2.90 -1.58 -2.90 -0.26 -2.90 -1.58
 (cont'd)

WIND TO BOTTOM, g = 0o WIND TO TOP, g = 180o

CLEAR FLOW OBSTRUCTED CLEAR FLOW OBSTRUCTED
CASE A CASE B CASE A CASE B CASE A CASE B CASE A CASE B
Horizontal force / base shear H (kips) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Vertical download force V (kips) 3.95 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.95 0.00 0.00 0.00
Vertical uplift force V (kips) 0.00 3.16 4.48 4.48 0.00 3.16 4.48 4.48
Bending moment at centroid of base M (ft-kips) -6.719035 7.465594 -5.22592 3.732797 -6.719 7.465594 -5.2259 3.732797

Component and Cladding Elements (Sec. 30.8.2)

p = qh G CN
where: CN = net force coefficients. (Fig. 30.8-1, page 351)
a = Max[ Min( 0.1L , 0.1B , 0.4h ) , 0.04L , 0.04B , 3ft ] , (Fig. 30.8-1, footnote 6) = 3.0 ft

For effective area, 10 sq.ft. as given

CLEAR WIND FLOW OBSTRUCTED WIND FLOW
ZONE 3 ZONE 2 ZONE 1 ZONE 3 ZONE 2 ZONE 1
CN 2.38 -3.24 1.80 -1.70 1.20 -1.10 0.99 -3.53 0.80 -1.80 0.50 -1.20
p (psf) 69.14 -94.24 52.34 -49.43 34.89 -31.99 28.86 -102.74 23.26 -52.34 14.54 -34.89
 PROJECT : PAGE :
CLIENT : DESIGN BY :
JOB NO. : DATE : REVIEW BY :
Wind Analysis for Open Structure (Solar Panels) Based on ASCE 7-05 / IBC 2009 / CBC 2010

INPUT DATA
Exposure category (B, C or D) = C
Importance factor, pg 73, (0.87, 1.0 or 1.15) I = 1.00 Category II
Basic wind speed (3 sec. gust wind) V = 85 mph
Topographic factor (Sec.6.5.7.2, pg 26 & 45) Kzt = 1 Flat
Height of mean roof h = 10.5 ft
Roof slope 0 : 12
Roof length L = 16 ft
Roof horizontal projected width B = 11.33 ft
Effective area of component / cladding A = 10 ft2

DESIGN SUMMARY
1. Main Wind-Force Resisting System
Max horizontal force / base shear from roof = 0.00 kips
+ 0.00 kips (eave & columns increasing)
S 0.00 kips

Max vertical download force = 1.54 kips

Max vertical uplift force = 1.75 kips

Max moment at centroid of base from roof = 2.92 ft-kips

+ 0.29 ft-kips (eave & columns increasing)
S 3.21 ft-kips

2. Component and Cladding Elements

Max inward pressure = 27 psf
Max net outward pressure = 40 psf

ANALYSIS
Velocity pressure
qh = 0.00256 Kh Kzt Kd V2 I = 13.36 psf
where: qh = velocity pressure at mean roof height, h. (Eq. 6-15, page 27)
Kh = velocity pressure exposure coefficient evaluated at height, h, (Tab. 6-3, Case 1,pg 79) = 0.85
Kd = wind directionality factor. (Tab. 6-4, for building, page 80) = 0.85
h = height of mean roof = 10.50 ft

Main Wind-Force Resisting System (Sec. 6.5.13.2)

p = qh G CN
F = p Af
where: G = gust effect factor. (Sec. 6.5.8, page 26). = 0.85
q = roof angle = 0.00 degree
< 45 deg. [Satisfactory]
Af = roof actual area. = 90.6 ft2, windward
= 90.6 ft2, leeward
CN = net force coefficients. (Fig. 6-18A, page 66)
Check Fig. 6-18A limitation h/B= 0.93 within [0.25 , 1.0] [Satisfactory]

WIND TO BOTTOM, g = 0o WIND TO TOP, g = 180o

CLEAR FLOW OBSTRUCTED CLEAR FLOW OBSTRUCTED
q CASE CNW CNL CNW CNL CNW CNL CNW CNL
A 1.20 0.30 -0.50 -1.20 1.20 0.30 -0.50 -1.20
p (psf) 13.63 3.41 -5.68 -13.63 13.63 3.41 -5.68 -13.63
F (kips) 1.24 0.31 -0.51 -1.24 1.24 0.31 -0.51 -1.24
0.00
B -1.10 -0.10 -1.10 -0.60 -1.10 -0.10 -1.10 -0.60
p (psf) -12.49 -1.14 -12.49 -6.82 -12.49 -1.14 -12.49 -6.82
F (kips) -1.13 -0.10 -1.13 -0.62 -1.13 -0.10 -1.13 -0.62
 (cont'd)

WIND TO BOTTOM, g = 0o WIND TO TOP, g = 180o

CLEAR FLOW OBSTRUCTED CLEAR FLOW OBSTRUCTED
CASE A CASE B CASE A CASE B CASE A CASE B CASE A CASE B
Horizontal force / base shear H (kips) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Vertical download force V (kips) 1.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.54 0.00 0.00 0.00
Vertical uplift force V (kips) 0.00 1.24 1.75 1.75 0.00 1.24 1.75 1.75
Bending moment at centroid of base M (ft-kips) -2.624623 2.916248 -2.04137 1.458124 -2.6246 2.916248 -2.0414 1.458124

Component and Cladding Elements (Sec. 6.5.13.3)

p = qh G CN
where: CN = net force coefficients. (Fig. 6-19A, page 70)
a = Max[ Min( 0.1L , 0.1B , 0.4h ) , 0.04L , 0.04B , 3ft ] , (Fig. 6-19A, footnote 6) = 3.0 ft

For effective area, 10 sq.ft. as given

CLEAR WIND FLOW OBSTRUCTED WIND FLOW
ZONE 3 ZONE 2 ZONE 1 ZONE 3 ZONE 2 ZONE 1
CN 2.38 -3.24 1.80 -1.70 1.20 -1.10 0.99 -3.53 0.80 -1.80 0.50 -1.20
p (psf) 27.01 -36.81 20.45 -19.31 13.63 -12.49 11.27 -40.13 9.09 -20.45 5.68 -13.63
 PROJECT : PAGE :
CLIENT : DESIGN BY :
JOB NO. : DATE : REVIEW BY :
Wind Analysis for Open Structure Based on ASCE 7-02

INPUT DATA
Exposure category (B, C or D) = C
Importance factor, pg 73, (0.87, 1.0 or 1.15) I = 1.00 Category II
Basic wind speed (3 sec. gust wind) V = 90 mph
Topographic factor (Sec.6.5.7.2, pg 30 & 47) Kzt = 1 Flat
Height of centroid of roof area h = 35 ft
Roof slope 1 : 12
Roof length L = 100 ft
Roof horizontal projected width B = 60 ft

DESIGN SUMMARY
Max horizontal force / base shear = 26.02 kips
Max vertical uplift / download force = 73.15 kips
Max bending moment at centroid of base = 910.64 ft-kips

ANALYSIS
Velocity pressure
qz = 0.00256 Kz Kzt Kd V2 I = 17.80 psf
where: qz = velocity pressure at mean roof height, h. (Eq. 6-15, page 31)
Kz = velocity pressure exposure coefficient evaluated at height, z, (Tab. 6-3, Case 1,pg 75) = 1.01
Kd = wind directionality factor. (Tab. 6-4, for building, page 76) = 0.85
z = height of centroid of roof area = 35.00 ft

Design pressures for wind force acting nomal to the roof

F = q z G C f Af = ( 12.19 psf ) Af = 73.40 kips, (inward and outward)
where: F = design wind load on open structural roof. (Eq. 6-25, page 34).
G = gust effect factor. (Sec. 6.5.8.1 & 6.5.8.3, page 30). = 0.85
q = roof angle = 4.76 degree
Cf = net force coefficients. (Fig. 6-18, page 68) = 0.81
Af = roof actual area. = 6020.8 ft2
X = F location from windward edge of roof. (Fig. 6-18 notes 3, page 68) = 18.06 ft

Horizontal force / base shear H = F Sin q = 6.10 kips

Vertical uplift / download force V = F Cos q = 73.15 kips
Bending moment at centroid of base M = H (0.5B Tan q - X Sin q) - H h + V (0.5B - X Cos q ) = 670.5 ft-kips

Design pressures for wind force acting to horizontal projected area

F = q z G C f Af = ( 49.73 psf ) Af = 26.02 kips, (horizontal)
where: F = design wind load on open structural roof. (Eq. 6-25, page 34).
G = gust effect factor. (Sec. 6.5.8.1 & 6.5.8.3, page 30). = 0.85
e = ratio of solid area to gross area. (Fig. 6-22 notes 7, page 72) = 0.13
Cf = net force coefficients. (Fig. 6-22, page 72) 4.0 e2 -5.9 e +4.0 = 3.29
Af = horizontal projected area normal to the wind, included columns area. = 523.2 ft2

Horizontal force / base shear H=F = 26.02 kips

Vertical uplift / download force V = 0.00 kips
Bending moment at centroid of base M=Fh = 910.6 ft-kips
 PROJECT : PAGE :
CLIENT : DESIGN BY :
JOB NO. : DATE : REVIEW BY :
Wind Analysis for Open Structure Based on CBC 2001 / UBC 97

INPUT DATA
Exposure type (B, C or D) = C
Importance factor, (CBC Tab.16-K) Iw = 1.00
Basic wind speed (fastest mile wind) V = 75 mph
Height of centroid of roof area h = 35 ft
Roof slope 1 : 12
Roof length L = 100 ft
Roof horizontal projected width B = 60 ft

DESIGN SUMMARY
Max horizontal force / base shear from roof = 39.14 kips
Max vertical download force = 0.00 kips
Max vertical uplift force = 78.56 kips
Max bending moment at centroid of base from roof = 1370.00 ft-kips

ANALYSIS
Design pressures for wind force acting normal to the roof
F = C e C q q s Iw A f = ( 0.00 psf ) Af = 0.00 kips, (inward)
= ( 13.09 psf ) Af = 78.83 kips, (outward)
where: F = design wind load on open structural roof. (Sec. 1620).
q = roof angle = 4.76 degree
h = max top height for Ce calculation = 37.49 ft
Ce = exposure and gust factor. (Tab. 16-G) = 1.29
Cq = pressure coefficient. (Tab. 16-H, Item 1) = 0.00 inward
= 0.70 outward
qs = wind stagnation pressure. (Tab. 16-F) = 14.50 psf
Af = roof actual area. = 6020.8 ft2

Horizontal force / base shear H = F Sin q = 6.55 kips

Vertical download force V = Finward Cos q = 0.00 kips
Vertical uplift force V = Foutward Cos q = 78.56 kips
Bending moment at centroid of base M=Hh = 229.1 ft-kips

Design pressures for wind force acting to horizontal projected area

F = C e C q q s Iw A f = ( 74.82 psf ) Af = 39.14 kips, (horizontal)
where: Cq = pressure coefficient. (Tab. 16-H, Item 5) = 4.00 horizontal
Af = horizontal projected area normal to the wind, included columns area. = 523.2 ft2

Horizontal force / base shear H=F = 39.14 kips

Vertical uplift / download force V = 0.00 kips
Bending moment at centroid of base M=Fh = 1370.0 ft-kips