TUGAS BAHASA INGGRIS

Gangguan Stress Pasca Trauma

(Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Mata Kuliah Bahasa Inggris
Dosen Pembimbing : Drs. Ramlan Ginting Suka, M.pd.

Disusun oleh :
Kelompok 8
Anggota Kelompok :
Alfia Nikmah (1518011045)
Arinda Steffani (1518011037)
Bagas Adji P. (1518011087)
Betari Ariefia (1518011033)
Citara Tri Utami (1518011051)
Dhea Novita (1518011147)
Karimah Khitami A. (1518011047)
Leonardo Arwin H. (1518011089)
Luthfi Aulia O. (1518011027)
Nikom Sonia (1518011107)

FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN
UNIVERSITAS LAMPUNG
 Gangguan Stress Pasca Trauma (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Pengertian PTSD
Menurut website National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), www.nimh.nih.gov,
definisi PTSD adalah gangguang berupa kecemasan yang bisa timbul setelah seseorang
mengalami suatu peristiwa yang mengancam keselamatan jiwa atau fisiknya. Peristiwa yang
menimbulkan trauma ini bisa berupa serangan kekerasan, bencana alam yang menimpa manusia,
kecelakaan atau perang.
Understanding PTSD
According to the website the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH),
www.nimh.nih.gov, the definition of PTSD is disorder of anxiety that can occur after a person
experiences a life-threatening event or physical. These traumatic events can include violent
attacks, natural disasters that befall human beings, accidents or war.
Meaning of PTSD
Based on National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) website, www.nimh.nih.gov, the
definition of PTSD isa persons disorder of anxiety that can occur after a person has an incident
which threatened his/her life and physical safety.These traumatic incident can include violent
attacks, natural disasters that come to humans, accidents, or war.

Periode-periode Kejadian Bencana

Studi mengenai bencana menyimpulkan bahwa korban-korban mempunyai persamaan dari segi
aspek-aspek yang dialami. Secara umumnya, Rice (1999) menjelaskan tiga periode bencana yang
berbeda, yaitu(8) :
1.Periode Impak (Impack Period) hanya berlangsung sepanjang kejadian bencana. Pada periode
ini, korban-korban selalu diliputi perasaan tidak percaya dengan apa yang mereka alami. Periode
ini selalu berlangsung singkat.
Periods of Disaster
The study of the disaster concluded that the victims have similarities in terms of the aspects
experienced. In general, Rice (1999) describes three distinct disaster period :
1. Period of Impact (Impack Period) only lasts throughout the disaster. In this period, the victims
are always filled with disbelief by what they experienced. This period is always short-lived.
PERIODS OF DISASTER INCIDENT
Study about disaster concludes that the victims have similarities in terms of the aspects that the
victims have undergone. Generally, Rice (1999) explains 3 different periods of disaster:
1.Impact period: only occur along incident disaster. In this period, the victims always feel with
disbelief by what they have experienced. This period was in short.

2.Periode penyejukan suasana (Recoil Period) berlangsung beberapa hari selepas kejadian. Pada
periode ini tampak bahwa korban-korban mulai merasakan diri mereka lapar dan mencari bekal
makanan yang ada untuk dimakan dan mereka tidak memahami bagaimana mereka harus
memulihkan keadaan dan mengganti harta benda mereka yang hilang.
2. The period of cooling the atmosphere (Recoil Period) take place a few days after the incident.
In this period it appears that the victims began to feel themselves hungry and looking for food
provision is there to eat and they do not understand how they need to restore and replace their
lost possessions.
2. Recoil period: occur in a few days after the incident. In this period it appears that the victims
begin to feel themselves hungry and look for food to eat and they donot understand how they
need to recover themselves and regain their lost treasure.

3.Periode Post Traumatik (Post Trauma Period) berlangsung lama bahkan sepanjang hayat.
Periode ini berlangsung tatkala korban-korban bencana berjuang untuk melupakan pengalaman
yang terjadi berupa tekanan, gangguan fisiologi dan psikologi akibat bencana yang mereka
alami.
3. Period of Post Traumatic (Post Traumatic Period) persist even lifelong. This period lasted
when disaster victims struggling to forget the experience that occurs in the form of pressure,
physiological and psychological disorders caused by the disaster they experienced.
3.Post traumatic period: this period occurs for along time and when the victims struggle to forget
their experience, in the form of pressure, physical and psychological disorders caused by the
disaster they have experienced.
Tipe-tipe gejala penderita PTSD
Ada tiga tipe gejala pada penderita PTSD yang sering terjadi(3)(4) :
1. Pengulangan pengalaman trauma, ditunjukkan dengan :
Selalu teringat akan peristiwa yang menyedihkan
Flashback, Nightmares
The types of symptoms of PTSD
There are three types of symptoms in patients with PTSD is often the case :
1. Repetition of trauma experience, demonstrated by:
Always remembered the sad event
Flashback, Nightmares
Types of Symptoms of PTSD
There are three types of common symptoms of PTSDs victim:
1.Repeating the explorince of trauma, shown by:
Always remembering the saddest event
Flashback, nightmares

2. Penghindaran dan emosional yang dangkal, ditunjukkan dengan :

Menghindari aktivitas, tempat, berpikir, merasakan, atau percakapan yang berhubungan
dengan trauma
2. Avoidance and emotional superficial, indicated by:
Avoiding activities, places, thinking, feeling, or conversations associated with the trauma
2. Refushing and activity
Refushing to activities, places, thinking, feeling, or talking about the trauma.

3. Kesadaran yang meningkat, ditunjukkan dengan :

Kewaspadaan yang berlebih
Respon yang berlebihan atas segala sesuatu.
3. The increased awareness, indicated by:
Precautions excess
Excessive response for everything.
3. Increasing of awereness, shown by:
 Paranoid
Over responding to anything

Permasalahan-permasalahan yang berkaitan dengan PTSD

1. Panic attack (serangan panik)
2. Perilaku menghindar
3. Depression
4. Membunuh pikiran dan perasaan
5. Penyalahgunan obat dan alkohol
6. Merasa disisihkan dan sendiri
7. Merasa tidak percaya dan dihianati
8. Mudah marah
9. Gangguan yang berarti dalam kehidupan sehari-hari
10. Persepsi dan kepercayaan yang aneh

The problems associated with PTSD

1. Panic attack (panic attacks)
2. Conduct dodge
3. Depression
4. Kill the thoughts and feelings
5. Penyalahgunan drugs and alcohol
6. Feeling excluded and alone
7. Feeling trust and betrayed
8. Easy to anger
9. Disorders meaning in everyday life
10. Perceptions and beliefs are strange

There are so many problems of PTOs victim :

1. Panic attack
2. Refushing activities
3. Depression
 4. Killing think
5. Abuse the drugs and alcohol
6. Be departed and alone
7. Not believe and feel betrayed
8. Easy to get angry
9. Interference the activity
10. Perceptions and beliefs are strange

Pengobatan
Psikoterapi
Para terapis yang sangat berkonsentrasi pada maslah PTSD percaya bahwa ada tiga tipe
psikoterapi yang dapat digunakan dan efektif untuk penanganan PTSD, yaitu : anxiety
management, cognitive therapy, exposure therapy. Terapi bermain (play therapy) mungkin
berguna pada penyembuhan anak dengan PTSD.
1. Debriefing
2. Anxiety Management
3. Cognitive therapy
4. Exposure in reality
5. Play therapy
6. Support Group Therapy
7. Terapi Bicara
8. Pendidikan dan supportive konseling

Treatment
psychotherapy
The therapists were very concentrated on the issue of PTSD believe that there are three types of
psychotherapy that can be used and effective for the treatment of PTSD, namely: anxiety
management, cognitive therapy, exposure therapy. Play therapy (play therapy) may be useful in
healing children with PTSD.

1. Debriefing
2. Anxiety Management
 3. Cognitive therapy
4. Exposure in reality
5. Play therapy
6. Support Group Therapy
7. Speech Therapy
8. Counseling

Treatment

psychotherapy

The therapists were very concentrated on the issue of PTSD believe that there are three types of
psychotherapy that can be used and effective for the treatment of PTSD, namely: anxiety management,
cognitive therapy, exposure therapy. Play therapy (play therapy) may be useful for healing children with
PTSD.

1. Debriefing
2. Anxiety Management
3. Cognitive therapy
4. Exposure in reality
5. Play therapy
6. Support Group Therapy
7. Speech Therapy
8. Counseling