RESUMEN:

MODULO 1
TENSES

All the sentences have this structure:

Affirmative: Subject + Aux + Verb

Negative: Subject + Aux not+ Verb

Questions: Aux + Subject + Verb

When the auxiliary is:

Do, Simple

Be, Continuous

Have, Perfect

Verb:

Vbase: ex. Walk, Go

Vsimple present: walk, go/walks/goes.

Vpresentparticiple (ing): walking, going

Vsimplepast: Regular: walked; Irregular: went

Vpast participle: Regular: walked; Irregular: gone

Verb 1 + Verb 2 Verb 2 is gerund or infinitive.

*Vgerund: walking/going(when the context indicate sports or shop)

Verb1:memorizar avoid consider discuss

enjoy finish keep miss
Not mind permit practice suggest

*Vinfinitive: to walk, to go (to + Vbase) **

* Comprobar lista de gerundios. Si se encuentra primer verbo en la lista, entonces segundo verbo
es siempre gerundio, de lo contrario es infinitivo.

**Would + (like/love/hate/prefer): En este caso solo se admite infinitivo.

 Present Simple vs Present continuous.
(do/does (no en affirm) + Vpres) vs (am/is/are + Ving)

Present Simple*: When the action is rutinary / When the action ever occurs.

What do you do in your free time? / Water boils at 100C.

Present continuous*: La accin ocurre en este instante / La accin ocurre alrededor de ahora.

Martha isnt sleeping, she is working / He is going out with Mary these days.

*Existen verbos que no admiten continuidad: like (no existe: Im liking fruit) y existen verbos que
segn el contexto pueden estar correctamente escritos o no (Susan is weighing the food/Susan
weighs 50 kilos)

Past simple vs Present perfect and Past continuous

(did (no en affirm) + Vbase) vs (have/has + Vpast part) and (was/were+Ving)

Past simple*: Ocurri en momento del pasado / ocurri en un periodo de tiempo pasado

We didnt hear the telephone / Did you watch TV last night?

Present Perfect: Viene ocurriendo hasta ahora / Termin pero no importa CUANDO ocurri.

I have read this book since 5 weeks ago / Ive already seen that film.

Past continuous: Ocurri y fue cortada por otra accin /Acciones ocurrieron en un period pasado

What were you doing when I called you? /She was washing while we were cleaning the kitchen

*Infografia: Ocurri en el pasado, importa cuando?

** Verbos no continuos: CARACTERISTICA PROPIA: like/know/want/look.

INSTANTE: break/meet/crash.

***already: ya (en afirmativo)

****yet: an (en negativo), ya? (en pregunta).

Future: will vs be going to

1) PLANS: (no hay intencin previa vs hay intencion previa)*

Si hay PLAN PREVIO: Presente continuo (Im flying to Paris next Monday)

2) PREDICTION: (normal / con seguridad)

Si es una PROGRAMACION: Presente simple (My plane takes off in 30 minutes/The game starts
at 8pm)

3) TWO FUTURES: ( F1 Presente simple + F2 Future)

She promised she is going to help as soon as she finishes.

PREPOSITIONS: