Divyansh Gaur

Hitesh Kumar Sharma

Experiment 9
Aim: Realization of LTI system and verify it.
Theory: Linear time-invariant (LTI) systems are systems that are both linear and
time-invariant. Let x1(t) and x2(t) be any two signals. Suppose that the output of a
system to x1(t) is y1(t) and the output of the system to x2(t) is y2(t).
If this always implies that the output of the system to
1*x1(t) + 2*x2(t) = 1*y1(t) + 2*y2(t),
then the system is linear and the superposition principle is said to hold.
A system is said to be time invariant if when y(t) is the output that corresponds to
x(t), then for any , y(t ) is the output that corresponds to x(t ).

then if input x(t) is delayed by time then output is also delayed by same time .
To realize the time invariant property use Syms toolbox used in earlier experiment.

Q.1 Check whether the system is LTI or not. In each of the

given example y(t) is an output of system and x(t) is an
input of system.

a)
 Divyansh Gaur
Hitesh Kumar Sharma

syms t tau;
x1=@(t)1.*t;
x2=x1(t+2)-x1(t-2);
y1=subs(x2,t,tau);
y2=subs(y1,tau,t+tau)
y3=y1+x2
if y2==y3
disp('Linear')
else
disp('Non linear')
end

OUTPUT-
y2 =

4
y3 =

Non linear

b)
syms t tau;
x1=@(t)1.*t;
x2=sin(x1(t));
y1=subs(x2,t,tau);
y2=subs(y1,tau,t+tau)
y3=y1+x2
if y2==y3
disp('Linear')
else
disp('Non linear')
end

OUTPUT-

y2 =

sin(t + tau)

y3 =

sin(t) + sin(tau)

Non linear

d)

syms t tau;
x1=@(t)1.*t;
x2=x1(0.4*t);
y1=subs(x2,t,tau);
y2=subs(y1,tau,t+tau)
y3=y1+x2
if y2==y3
disp('Linear')
 Divyansh Gaur
Hitesh Kumar Sharma

else
disp('Non linear')
end
OUTPUT-

y2 =

(2*t)/5 + (2*tau)/5

y3 =

(2*t)/5 + (2*tau)/5

Linear

e)
syms t tau;
x1=@(t)1.*t;
x2=diff(x1(t),t);
y1=subs(x2,t,tau);
y2=subs(y1,tau,t+tau)
y3=y1+x2
if y2==y3
disp('Linear')
else
disp('Non linear')
end
OUTPUT-

y2 =

y3 =

Non linear

f)
syms t tau;
x1=@(t)1.*t;
x2=(t>0).*(x1(t)-x1(t-2));
y1=subs(x2,t,tau);
y2=subs(y1,tau,t+tau)
y3=y1+x2
if y2==y3
disp('Linear')
else
disp('Non linear')
end
OUTPUT-
y2 =

0 < 2*t + 2*tau

y3 =
0 < 2*t + 2*tau
 Divyansh Gaur
Hitesh Kumar Sharma

Linear

g)
syms t tau;
x1=@(t)1.*t;
x2=t.*x1(t);
y1=subs(x2,t,tau);
y2=subs(y1,tau,t+tau)
y3=y1+x2
if y2==y3
disp('Linear')
else
disp('Non linear')
end
OUTPUT-
y2 =

(t + tau)^2

y3 =

t^2 + tau^2

Non linear

h)
syms t tau;
x1=@(t)1.*t;
x2=sqrt(x1(t));
y1=subs(x2,t,tau);
y2=subs(y1,tau,t+tau)
y3=y1+x2
if y2==y3
disp('Linear')
else
disp('Non linear')
end
OUTPUT-
y2 =

(t + tau)^(1/2)

y3 =

t^(1/2) + tau^(1/2)

Non linear
 Divyansh Gaur
Hitesh Kumar Sharma

2)

n=-10:1:10;
h1=(n==0);
h2=(n>0)-(n>2);
m=-20:1:20;
h3=(m==-1);
h4=myconv(h1,h2);
h=h3+h4';
stem(h)
 Divyansh Gaur
Hitesh Kumar Sharma

3)

t=-10:1:10;
h=1.*(t>-2)-1.*(t>2);
x=(t==-2)+(t==-1)+(t==1);
y=myconv(h,x);
plot(y)

Learning outcome-
We learned how to identify if a system a ltI (Linear time-invariant) system or not using
matlab .