NKB20303: Process Heat Transfer

Convection (Part 2)

Tutorial 2 (b)

1. A person extends his uncovered arms into the windy air outside at 100C
and 30km/h in order to feel nature closely. Initially, the skin temperature
of the arm is 300C. Treating the arm as a 0.6-m-long and 7-cm-diameter
cylinder, determine the rate of heat loss from the arm.
(112.1 W)
2. A long 8-cm-diameter steam pipe whose external surface temperature is
900C passes through some open area that is not protected against the
winds. Determine the rate of heat loss from the pipe per unit of its length
when the air is at 1 atm pressure and 70C and the wind is blowing across
the pipe at a velocity of 50 km/h.
(1130W/m)
3. A 0.4 W cylindrical electronic component with diameter 0.3 cm and length
1.8 cm and mounted on a circuit board is cooled by air flowing across it at
a velocity of 150 m/min. If the air temperature is 40 0C, determine the
surface temperature of the component. Given;
k = 0.02735 W/m.C
= 1.798 10 -5 m 2 /s
Pr = 0.7228
(64.8 0C)
4. During a cold winter day, wind at 55km/h is blowing parallel to a 4-m-
high and 10-m-long wall of a house. If the air outside is at 50C and the
surface temperature of the wall is 120C, determine the rate of heat loss
from that wall by convection. What would your answer be if the wind
velocity was doubled?
(9.08kW, 16200W)
5. Water at 43.3 0C flows over a large plate at a velocity of 30 cm/s. The plate
is 1.0 m long (in the flow direction), and its surface is maintained at a
uniform temperature of 10 0C. Calculate the steady rate of heat transfer
per unit width of the plate.

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 NKB20303: Process Heat Transfer
Convection (Part 2)

6. Water flow over a flat plate with a velocity of 2 ms-1. The plate is at a
uniform temperature of 90C and the water temperature is 10C. For a
laminar flow, estimate the rate of heat transfer for the entire plate when
the length of the plate is 13.9 cm and 100 cm wide? The properties of water
at 50C are:
= 988.1 kg m-3 = 0.556 x 10-6 m2 s-1
k = 0.648 W m-1 K-1 Pr = 3.54
(3735.208 W)

7. A 1.8 m diameter spherical tank of negligible thickness contains iced water

at 0 0C. Air at 25 0C flows over the tank with a velocity of 7 m/s. Determine
the rate of heat transfer to the tank and the rate at which ice melts. The
heat of fusion of water at 0 0C is 333.7 kJ/kg. Given Q! = m
! h fg .
(2850 W, 0.512 kg/min)
8. An average person generates heat at a rate of 84 W while resting.
Assuming one-quarter of this heat is lost from the head and disregarding
radiation, determine the average surface temperature of the head when it
is not covered and is subjected to winds at 10 0C and 35 km/h. The head
can be approximated as a 30 cm diameter sphere.
(12.70C)
9. A double window called thermopane is one in which two layers of glass are
separated by a layer of dry, stagnant air. In a given window, each of the
glass layers is 6.35 mm thick separated by a 6.35 mm space of stagnant air.
The thermal conductivity of the glass is 0.869 W m-1K-1 and that of air is
0.026 W m-1K-1 over the temperature range used. For a temperature drop
of 27.8 K over the system, calculate the overall heat transfer coefficient (U)
and heat loss for a window of 0.914 m x 1.83 m. The convective heat
transfer coefficients h are 11.35 W m-2 K-1 on both sides of the window.
(106.88 W, 2.2986 W/m2.K)