REPORT

HV & SC LAB NTDC ISLAMABAD

Internee Name: - Amir Sohail

University Name: - UET Peshawar

 INTERNSHIP REPORT

I have spent 6 weeks in NTDC HV & SC lab. In this period of time I have experienced a lot of
things from NTDC staff about different kinds of electrical equipment tests. I was in the
supervision of different faculty members and fortunately I found them very cooperative and
friendly. It is a pleasure for me that we dont find any kind of difficulty asking them a question.
Whenever I asked them a question, they always respond positively. We share a lot of things with
each other. I then say with pride that I have made this 6 weeks of life valuable working in NTDC.
I hope this will help me a lot in my future career.
The tests that which we came across here are the following and are explained below.

Turns Ratio Test (For Transformer)

Purpose
This test is used to determine the ratio between primary and secondary windings of
transformer.

Procedure
In this test, 10 V is applied on HV side which in turn induce voltage across LV side.
The device calculates the turn ratio and display it on the screen. We do this test for tape 1,
principle tape and tape 5.

Winding Resistance Test (For Transformer)

Purpose
In this test, we wish to find the internal resistance of the windings of LV and HV side.

Procedure
To achieve such a goal, we apply DC current of magnitude 100 mA. The display gives us
the voltage drop across the windings. We then calculate resistance using formula R=V/I. We do
this test for tape 1, principle tape and tape 5.

No Load Loss Test (For Transformer)

Purpose
The purpose of this test is to find the iron losses in the transformer.
 Procedure
In this test, we apply 240 V (rated voltage) across the LV side with HV side being open.
The device then calculates the power in the core and display it on the screen. We do this test for
tape 1, principle tape and tape 5.

Circuit Diagram

Full Load Loss Test (For Transformer)

Purpose
The purpose of this test is to find the copper losses in the transformer.

Procedure
In this test, we apply voltage across HV side with LV side being short circuited. We slowly
increase the voltage until the current reaches the rated current of the specified transformer. The
device then calculates the wattage and display it on the screen. We do this test for tape 1,
principle tape and tape 5.
 Circuit Diagram

Power Frequency Test (For Transformer)

Purpose
The purpose of this test is to find the insulation between turns of HV and LV side
windings.

Procedure
In this test, we first apply 34 KV on HV side with LV side being short circuited and
grounded. We maintain this voltage for one minute. If the windings maintain it for one minute
and the current does not increase, this means the windings are OK. After this, we apply 2 KV on
LV side with HV side being short circuited and grounded. We maintain this voltage for one
minute and if the current does not increase, this means that the windings are not short
circuited with each other.

Circuit Diagram
Induced Voltage Withstand Test (For Transformer)
Purpose
The purpose of this test is to check the inter-turn insulation of LV and HV side windings.
Procedure
In this test, we apply 480 V on one of the winding of LV side and short circuit the
corresponding winding on HV side. We maintain this voltage for 30 sec and check for the
current. If the current does not shoot instantly, we assume that the windings are all right.

Puncture Test (For Disc)

Purpose
The purpose of this test is to determine the puncture voltage of insulator.

Procedure
The insulator to be tested is suspended in insulating oil. A voltage is applied and
increased gradually until the puncture takes place. The voltage at which insulator starts to
puncture is called as puncture voltage. This voltage is usually 30% higher than that of the dry
flash-over voltage for a suspension type insulator.

Circuit diagram
High Voltage Tracking Resistance Test (For Termination Kit)
The High Voltage Tracking Resistance (HVTR) test method is used to assess the
susceptibility to tracking of insulating materials that are exposed to high voltages outdoors.
Insulators installed in the open are often at the mercy of humidity. Their electrical insulation
properties can deteriorate to such an extent as a result that tracking paths are formed on the
insulator surface. This test determines the tracking resistance that defines the dielectric
strength of the insulating material surface and the maximum allowable leakage current
(tracking).
Circuit Diagram

Lightening Impulse Test (For Transformer)

Purpose
In this test, we check whether the cable or transformer or insulator or any other
electrical equipment withstand the voltage of the natural lightening or not.

Procedure
To achieve this purpose, we use impulse generator which provides voltage up to 1800
KV. Every device has its own basic insulation level (BIL). For transformer, it is 95 KV. The first shot
is of 60 % of 95 KV.

Circuit Diagram

For Transformer
There are three types of impulse Test.

1. Full wave
The t1 for full wave is 1.2 s 30 % and t2 is 50 s 20 %. In t1 the wave reaches to its
maximum value and in t2 the wave drops to 50% of maximum value.

2. Chopped Wave
 The chopped wave is used for voltage greater than 95 KV. This test is used for test horns
of transformer whether these horns produced enough spark for voltage greater than 95
KV to provide short circuit path to the ground or not. The t1 is 1.2 s 30 % and t2 is
2 s to 6 s.

3. Switching Wave
The switching wave is used to check protection against over voltage transient in panels
and transmission lines. For this protection, we use surge arrester.

Short Circuit Test

Purpose
The purpose of this test to check whether inductance of windings of transformer
changes with applying greater stress or not.

Procedure
Short circuit test is of two types. One is voltage dependent and the other is voltage
independent. Voltage dependent is used for transformer. In this we apply the rating voltage
across HV side with LV side being short circuited. The voltage independent is used for CT and PT.
In this, we simply provide 26 KA to the device.

HEATING CYCLE TEST (For Power Cable)

PURPOSE
The purpose of this test to check the behavior of chemical insulator whether it changes
with the change in environmental condition or not.

Procedure
We slightly increase the temperature of the power cable up to 95 centigrade in 3 hours.
Then we maintain it for 2 hours. In 3 hours, the temperature goes down to room
temperature. Repeat it for 20 cycles, if the chemical behavior of the power cable changes,
its mean that power cable is failed.

Circuit diagram
Humidity Test (For Termination Kit)
Purpose
The purpose of this test to check whether the termination kit withstand the voltage or not in
the presence of artifical humidity.
Procedure
Take 4 meter power cable having termination kit at both ends.
Mixture of water and air (humidity) is make to fall from the upper surface of container
on termination kit.
One termination kit is inside the container and other termination kit is outside the
container.
For 100 hours,we apply voltage at outer termination kit.
If the voltage drop occur it mean termination kit is failed.
Salt Fog Test (Termination Kit)
Purpose
The purpose of this test to check whether whether the termination kit damaged if the
flash over occur or not.

Procedure
Take 4 meter power cable having termination kit at both ends.
Mixture of water and salt is make to fall from the upper surface of container through
termination kit.
One termination kit is inside the container and other termination kit is outside the
container.
Increase voltage untill the flashover occur.
Apply 3 to 4 flashover on the termination kit if the termination kit is not damaged then
the termination is passed otherwise failed.

Capacitance test
Purpose
This test is perform after short circuit to check whether the winding are placed at
its original position or displace from its original position .

Procedure
First take the capacitance measuring device one point is attached to to the HV and other
side (LV side) is grounded. This device gives you the capacitance of HV side with respect
to ground.
If HV is grounded than device give u the capacitance of LV side with respect of ground.