Process Exp 1

Objective
To evaluate and study the measurement of level using the following:
i) A differential pressure / level transmitter (ABB model 621ED)
ii) A sight glass with millimeter scale
Summary
The experiment is conduct to evaluate and study the measurement of level using a
differential pressure/ level transmitter (ABB model 621ED) and sight glass with millimeter
scale. The other objectives are to study the relation between effect of open tank and close
tank and to study the effect temperature toward open tank and close tank. There are 2
open & close tank concepts. One of the run in open & close tank the heater is on to study
the effect of temperature on open and close tank. In the experiment also, the study on
differential pressure/ level transmitter (ABB model 621ED) and sight glass with millimeter
scale. Based from experiment, the differential pressure/ level transmitter (ABB model
621ED) show the reading is more accurate than sight glass with millimeter scale that always
been a parallax error done by the observer.
Introduction
The purpose of this experiment is to evaluate and study measurement of level by using
plant model. The model is LMC200. It is has been designed for students to study the
principles of Level measurement. It is a scaled-down real industrial process built on a 5ft x
5ft steel platform with its own dedicated control panel. The system consists of industrial
grade instrumentation to exhibit a realistic working environment of a true level process
using various types measuring instruments. The plan is constructed in accordance to
industrial process plant standards and practices with fail-safe features where the control
panel is protected against water splashes. The process piping are made of stainless steel.
The pump, tanks and instrumentation are strategically located for easy access The process
flowrates are at commercial production flowrates using pipes and not tubings.
Result
TABLE 1: Level Measurement ( Tank T1 as OPEN tank, Heater OFF )
RUN I SET 1 SET 2 AVERAGE

A Suggested Level (mm) 700 700 700
B Actual Level (LG) (mm) 700 700 700
C Actual Level (LI) (mm) 705 705 705
D Temperature (TG) (0C) 38 38 38
E Deviation = B-C (mm) 5 5 5
RUN II SET 1 SET 2 AVERAGE

RUN III SET 1 SET 2 AVERAGE

RUN IV SET 1 SET 2 AVERAGE

C Actual Level (LI) (mm) 402 403 402.5
E Deviation = B-C (mm) 2 3 2.5
RUN V SET 1 SET 2 AVERAGE

TABLE 2: Level Measurement ( Tank T1 as CLOSED tank, Heater OFF )





TABLE 3: Level Measurement ( Tank T1 as OPEN Tank, Heater ON )





TABLE 4: Level Measurement ( Tank T1 as CLOSED tank, Heater ON )





Discussion
The experiment is conduct to evaluate and study the measurement of level using a
differential pressure/ level transmitter (ABB model 621ED) and sight glass with millimetre
scale. The other objectives are to study the relation between effect of open tank and close
tank and to study the effect temperature toward open tank and close tank.
The advantage using differential pressure or level transmitter is the reading shown is more
accurate rather than use the sight glass with millimetre scale. The advantages use the sight
glass with millimetre scale is there is no need for a power supply to operate it compare to
the differential pressure or level transmitter. Disadvantages use the differential pressure or
level transmitter is it need to maintenance regularly to avoid the consistency of the reading.
Disadvantages using the sight glass with millimetre scale is the reading that been taken are
not accurate due to the error done by the observer.
The effect using open tank and close tank (pressurise tank) is when using the open tank the
pressure always change due to the surrounding and open to air and the pressure are same
as the atmospheric pressure while close tank pressure can be set as any scale that need to
experiment. The close tank pressure is constant and same as the setting pressure due to no
other element involve in the tank. The substance in close tank also retains its original
properties. The open tank gives a smaller change in reading due to other substance or the
air surrounding that affect the pressure.
The effect of heater on the open n close tank is the heat is been keep or been release to the
surrounding. When the system applied the open tank that know as open system, the
intensity of water to loss heat to the surrounding is high because from the concept heat
transfer, in open tank or system, there will be and exchange of energy that is heat and the
change in matter or mass. In the close tank or close system concept, that heat is keep stored
in tank 1 that act like thermos that store heat that need and no loss of matter or mass.
Conclusion
As for the conclusion, the best measurement equipment is the differential pressure or level
transmitter because the reading is more accurate but there will be the sight glass with
millimetre scale act as the most accurate equipment due to when the sensor or level of the
differential pressure or level transmitter being damage. The sight glass with millimetre scale
can be the most accurate equipment in measure the volume when the observer take a right
position of the location of meniscus. Eyes should perpendicular to that level to avoid the
parallax error. The open tanks that carry out the concept of open systems show the effect of
temperature drop is very frequent due to the heat transfer is higher rather than the close
systems. The close tank that relate to the close systems show the heat been keep in the
thermal tank that make the rate of heat being transfer is low than in the open systems but
the matter or volume or mass of water doesnt decrease at all due to in open systems
concept the only have exchange in energy (heat) but no change in matter or mass.
Recommendation
Recommendation for this experiment is the sight glass with millimetre scale should locate
an analogue level instead watch the water level to increase or decrease by own eye to avoid
the parallax error. Small change will affect the entire result. Another recommendation is to
place an alarm system on tank 1 to avoid overflow when the experimenter forgot to open
the overflow valve after setting the tank to pressurise tank or close tank.

Process Exp 1

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Objective

To evaluate and study the measurement of level using the following:

i) A differential pressure / level transmitter (ABB model 621ED)

ii) A sight glass with millimeter scale

RUN I SET 1 SET 2 AVERAGE

RUN II SET 1 SET 2 AVERAGE

RUN III SET 1 SET 2 AVERAGE

RUN IV SET 1 SET 2 AVERAGE

RUN V SET 1 SET 2 AVERAGE

RUN I SET 1 SET 2 AVERAGE

RUN II SET 1 SET 2 AVERAGE

RUN III SET 1 SET 2 AVERAGE

RUN IV SET 1 SET 2 AVERAGE

RUN V SET 1 SET 2 AVERAGE

RUN I SET 1 SET 2 AVERAGE

RUN I SET 1 SET 2 AVERAGE

RUN III SET 1 SET 2 AVERAGE

RUN IV SET 1 SET 2 AVERAGE

RUN V SET 1 SET 2 AVERAGE

RUN I SET 1 SET 2 AVERAGE

RUN II SET 1 SET 2 AVERAGE

RUN III SET 1 SET 2 AVERAGE

RUN IV SET 1 SET 2 AVERAGE

RUN V SET 1 SET 2 AVERAGE

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