1

40
~~~40

40

10. 1948 37 Henry Burchard Fine

20. 1962 51
3 H 2
30. 1964 53S.M.S.G.

40. 1971 60

50. 1983 72 ~~
~~
60. 1997 86 ~~

70. 95 ~~ 12
80. 98
~

10. 1948 37 Henry Burchard Fine

20. 1962 51
1*.
3*. n
*
4 .
5*.
30. 1964 53S.M.S.G.
2*.
3*.
5*.
68.
40. 1971 60()()
1*. ----- 2*. ~~
58. 6*.
50. 1983 72 ~~
2*. ~~
58.
78.~~
60. 1997 86~~
8
1 .
38.
70. 95 ~~ 12

(Tower of Hanoi) Fibonacci
80. 98 ~~~

locus ()

&

0
1.1948 37
Henry Burchard Fine

Henry Burchard Fine

1935
1948 37 60
 4

fig 1,2

Prn n
r

C rp C rp H rp

fig 1 fig 2 fig 3 fig 4

S.M.S.G

51 40

(Henry Burchard Fine)

fig3
 5

/
18
1964 : , 39 [1964]


JB 313.022 8693

0
2.196251
fig 4

1.
p13 4

33

1

2
53

4431
Ans

5!
.
2!2!
12! 1 5!
.
3!4!4! 12 2!2!
12! 1 5! 1 5!
( )
3!4!4! 12 2!2! 2 2!2!

2*. 3 H 2 a 1 , a 2 , a 3
6
a 1 a 1 , a 1 a 2 , a 1 a 3 , a 2 a 2 , a 2 a 3 , a 3 a 3 0,1 ,
a 1 a 2 , a1 a 3 , a 1 a 4 , a 2 a 3 , a 2 a 4 , a 3 a 4 a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4
4 C 2 3 2 1 C 2 3 H 2 .

a1 , a 2 4 , , :
a1 a1 a1 a1 , a1 a1 a1 a 2 , a1 a1 a 2 a 2 , a1 a 2 a 2 a 2 , a 2 a 2 a 2 a 2

o ,1 .2 , 3

a1 a 2 a 3 a 4 , a1 a 2 a 3 a 5 , a1 a 2 a 3 a 5 , a1 a 3 a 4 a 5 , a 2 a 3 a 4 a 5 5 C 4 2 4 1 C 4 2 H 4
n r 1 C r n H r . !
3*. n
n 2 n 1
n C 0 n C1 n C 2 n C n 2 n 1
a, b, c, d b, c
 7

74

2 2 2 2 2 4
4*.
: p2754
4 5 4 3
0
ans : (5 1)(4 1)(3 1) 120. 74

5
1 0

5*.60 49
p19 86

6*.

0
3. 1964 53 S.M.S.G.
Student Mathematics Study Group

1*.
A , B A B ( a i b j ) A B P
Q R

n ( A B ) n ( A) n ( B ) m n n ( A ) m n( B ) n
0 m n . ie. m , n N 0 .
 8

A a1 , a 2 , , a i , , a m B b1 , b 2 , , b j , , b n
S.M.S.G.

b1
a1 R
P
ai
Q bj
am bn
PQR m n

2*.
:
P ( m , m )C ( n , m ) P ( n , m )
P (n, m ) n!
C (n, m ) .
P (m, m ) m! ( n m )!
3*.
a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , b 1 , b 2 , c , d , e 8 8! ,
a1 a 2 a 3 a b1 b 2 b
a , a , a , b , b , c , d , e ( ) A
8!
8! A 3! 2! A
2! 3!

 9

4*.. 5 3

86
x y z 5 x 1 , y 1 , z 1
( x 1) ( y 1) ( z 1) 2 X x 1 , Y y 1 , Z z 1
H 23 C 24 6

5*.
A 1, 2,3, , n n , 2 (i , J ) ,
, A A , :

1,1 1,2 1,3 1,n-1 1,n n
2,2 2,3 2,n-1 2,n n-1
3,3 3,n-1 3,n n-2

n-1,n-1 n-1,n 2
n,n 1
n , 2 (i , J ) , , :
n ( n 1)
S ( n,2) 1 2 3 n C ( n 1, 2 ) H 2n
2
S(n,3), A A A a, b, c ,a b c
, ,
, .

S.M.S.G
8
6 .

S.M.S.G
 10

7*.

0
4. 197160
()()

() ()

1*. -----




------

85
2*. ~~
60

AB
2 4 3 3 4 146

 11

671225
(fig 1)78
(fig 2)

78/12/25 78

fig 1 fig 2

3*. ~~
AB
()
(61)

Ans: fig 2 2 2 2 2 3 . n

AA(=B)()

( 2 1)!
Ans: 2 ( 1) 2! 2! 32
2!
78/12/25

78

 12

07 C
()

4*.
8
, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,, ,
, , , , ,A , , , , , , , , , ,,
, , , ,,, ,
, , , , ,B, , , , , ,
, , , , , , , , , , , ,
,,,,,

B A 2 3 8

Morse corde
S , 26

gg
 13

21 22 23 24 30 (
)
1 2 3 4

26

Morse corde

6~7

5*.
60 P33. 4420
ans : x , y , , 2 ,
x 2 y , 420 ( x 2 y ) 2 x 2 y ( x y ) 1 3 5 7
y 1,3,5,7 4
6913

6*.

n ( n 1) n 2 1
H2 C2
n n
n C2
n n 2
 14

( n 2 )( n 1) n
H 3n n n ( n 1) C 3n C 3n 3 1
n n n 6
n m , : b1 , b 2 , , b n , n
b1 b1 b1 , b 2 b 2 b 2 , , b n b n b n m1 m 2 m n m
m1 1 1 m 2 mn

1110100110001111
b1b1b1 , b2 , b4b4 , b7 b7 b7 b7 7 3 1 2 4 10
3 1 2 4

1110101100 01111 10 7 1 10
: C1010 7 1 H 107
198776
10 1 6 0
16!
C 610 7 1 H 610 H nm C nm n 1
10! 6!
7*.

8*.

8 8!
( x 3 y z ) 8 x 2 y 3 z 3 560 ans .
2,3,3 2!3!3!
n 2 n n n :
n

n 2 n , n , :
1 n2 ( n 2 )!

n! n , n , , n ( n! ) n 1

0
5. 1983 72~~

 15

83~97

1*.
:~ p q p q .
~ ( p q) ~ p ~ q ~ ( p q) ~ p ~ q
,

A,B,C,D,ABCD

Ans
( AD BD CD ) ( A B C
A B A C B C A B C)
7! ( 2 6! 2 6! 2 6! 5! 2! 5! 2! 5! 2! 0 )
1440 ans .

2*. ~~

3*.

4*. 84 p21
 16

8 . x y z
5 , 5 ,
ans : x y z 5 . 1 3 1
x 1 , y 3 , z 1 . 1 111 1 5 1 , 2
7!
. C 57 C 55 3 1 H 53
5! 2!
: H rn C rn r 1 .
58.

1800

68.

78. ~~
87

 17

94

86

80.~~
49 94

94

0
6. 1997 86~~
 18

65 S.M.S.G.(
)71 83

18.

~~
~~S.M.S.G.

28.

 19

8
3 .

188.

288.

388.

488.

48.

 20

05
8

62

58.

91 80

91 99
01

1 <4,3,2> 2

4 3 2 <4,3,2>
3 <4,4,1> 4

4 4 1 <4,4,1>
<3,3,3>
5

6 7

1 <4,3,2> 2
4 3 2 <4,3,2>
3 <4,4,1> 4
4 4 1 <4,4,1>

5 <3,3,3> H 3
3

6 7

4 3 2 4
3 H 43 H 33 H 13 H 13
 21

: , : A , A , A , A , B , C , D.
, , , , ?
( ).
sol:
1 . A :
9 36

0 0 4 A H 24 5

A A 2 A H 22 3
AA AA 1
5 3 1 9
1
B , C , D : (
43 23
) 2 36
2 B , C , D B , C , D

2 . A 64
: 13

A AA

AA A
1
( H 44
9 13
)
2 4 A A

4 3 64
B , C , D :
3 . 9 36 13 64 1156
1 , 2

68. 1983 72

0
7. 2006 95 95 ~~ 12

90 5
94 1 20
95 9
http://www.ck.tp.edu.tw/xoops/modules/xoopsfaq/
95

 22

1. 1-1

2.


3.

4.

5. 5-1

6. 6-1 a n a n 1 f (n )
a n a n 1 a n 2
, , f(n) 3

1.1954

2.1964

3.1971
(Tower of Hanoi)

(Tower of Hanoi)
Edouard Lucas 1883


64
64





64

4.1983

 23

1 k
A,B n ,A ,(ABA ) AB k A 1 , k N
Fibonacci

5.1995
a 1 3, a n 1 2 a n 3

95 95

0
7. 2007 98 ~~~
95
2007 98
() 98
 24

1.1 1.1
1.2
1. 1.2
I


2.1
2.

H(n,k) H kn

1.1
1.2
1.
1.3 (
)
1.4

2.1 2.1

2.2

H(n,k) H kn

2.
2.2



3. 3.1 3.1

 25

Henry Burchard Fine

~~

3 H 2
98 40

40
98

http://www.ck.tp.edu.tw/xoops/modules/xoopsfaq/