LAMINATE STACK CALCULATOR

No. Fiber Matrix f Ply angle Thickness LAMINATE LOADING ANGLE = 90

1 Kevlar 49 PEEK 0.3 45 1
2 Kevlar 49 PEEK 0.3 -45 1
3 Kevlar 49 PEEK 0.3 90 1 TO USE: Enter the lamina properties
4 E-Glass Epoxy 0.5 0 0 for each individual lamina on the
5 E-Glass Epoxy 0.5 0 0 respective worksheets. The input data
6 E-Glass Epoxy 0.5 0 0 areas are highlighted in YELLOW.
7 E-Glass Epoxy 0.5 0 0 Enter the ply angles (relative to the
8 E-Glass Epoxy 0.5 0 0 reference direction) on this sheet, and
9 E-Glass Epoxy 0.5 0 0 the thickness of each ply, as well as
10 E-Glass Epoxy 0.5 0 0 the angle of loading of the laminate
SUM OF t = 3 relative to the reference direction.

The results are calculated below for the

STIFFNESS MATRIX BY SUMMATION: laminate, and are given for each
lamina on the respective worksheets.

24.52 7.84 0.00

[Cg] = 7.84 12.65 0.00
0.00 0.00 8.26

COMPLIANCE MATRIX BY INVERSION:

scaling factor
50.88 -31.56 0.00
[Sg] = -31.56 98.65 0.00 1.00E-03 [1/GPa]
0.00 0.00 121.08

DELTA = 2052.60

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF THE LAMINATE:

Ex [GPa] = 19.652
Ey [GPa] = 10.137
Gxy [GPa] = 8.259

NUxy = 0.620
NUyx = 0.320

ETAxyx = 0.000
ETAxyy = 0.000
 Material Density [Mg/m^3] Youngs Mod [GPa] Poisson Ratio Shear Mod [GPa] Bulk Mod [GPa]
Fiber: Kevlar 49 1.45 130.00 0.35 48.15 144.44
Matrix: PEEK 1.29 3.60 0.30 1.38 3.00
(estimated) (estimated)

FIBER VOLUME FRACTION=0.3 LAMINA THICKNESS [length units] = 1

Angle,PHI, rel. to ref. [degrees] = 45
E1 (equal stress approximation) = 41.52 GPa E1/E2 = 6.4

E2 (equal strain approximation) = 5.08 GPa

E2 (Halpin-Tsai approximation) = 6.45 GPa ETA = 0.95
Xi = 1.00

G12 (SLAB equal stress spprox.) = 1.95 GPa

G13 (SLAB equal strain approx.)
G12 (Halpin-Tsai approximation)
Xi = 1.00
G23 (using HT & G-E relationship)
K (hydrostatic approximation) =
NU12 (equal strain approximation) =
NU21 (using HT & NU-E relationship) =
NU23 (hydrostatic approximation) =
= 15.41 GPa
= 2.48 GPa ETA = 0.94
= 2.23 GPa
NOTE: Checked against Hull and Clyne with
4.25 GPa f = 0.5, and Fiber: E-glass (E = 70, NU = 0.22),
Matrix: Epoxy (E =4.5, NU = 0.39).
Matches results of Figures 5.4a, 5.5, 5.7.
0.32
0.05
0.44

Weight fraction of fibers = 0.33

Density of composite = 1.34 Mg/m^3

ON-AXIS LOADING
scaling factor:
24.08 -7.59 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [S] = -7.59 154.95 0.00 1.00E-03 [1/GPa]
0.00 0.00 403.41

scaling factor:
42.17 2.06 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [C] = 2.06 6.55 0.00 1.00E+00 [GPa]
0.00 0.00 2.48

OFF-AXIS LOADING c = 0.7071 c^2 = 0.5000 c^3 = 0.3536

s = -0.7071 s^2 = 0.5000 s^3 = -0.3536
Ply/load Angle [degrees] = -45 scaling factor:
141.82 -59.89 65.43
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [S-bar] = -59.89 141.82 65.43 1.00E-03 [1/GPa]
65.43 65.43 194.21

scaling factor:
15.69 10.73 -8.90
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [C-bar] = 10.73 15.69 -8.90 1.00E+00 [GPa]
-8.90 -8.90 11.15

OFF-AXIS LOADING ELASTIC CONSTANTS

Ex [GPa] = 7.051
Ey [GPa] = 7.051
Gxy [GPa] = 5.149

NUxy = 0.422
NUyx = 0.422

ETAxyx = 0.461
ETAxyy = 0.461
 Material Density [Mg/m^3] Youngs Mod [GPa] Poisson Ratio Shear Mod [GPa] Bulk Mod [GPa]
Fiber: Kevlar 49 1.45 130.00 0.35 48.15 144.44
Matrix: PEEK 1.29 3.60 0.30 1.38 3.00
(estimated) (estimated)

FIBER VOLUME FRACTION=0.3 LAMINA THICKNESS [length units] = 1

Angle,PHI, rel. to ref. [degrees] = -45
E1 (equal stress approximation) = 41.52 GPa E1/E2 = 6.4

E2 (equal strain approximation) = 5.08 GPa

E2 (Halpin-Tsai approximation) = 6.45 GPa ETA = 0.95
Xi = 1.00

G12 (SLAB equal stress spprox.) = 1.95 GPa

G13 (SLAB equal strain approx.)
G12 (Halpin-Tsai approximation)
Xi = 1.00
G23 (using HT & G-E relationship)
K (hydrostatic approximation) =
NU12 (equal strain approximation) =
NU21 (using HT & NU-E relationship) =
NU23 (hydrostatic approximation) =
= 15.41 GPa
= 2.48 GPa ETA = 0.94
= 2.23 GPa
NOTE: Checked against Hull and Clyne with
4.25 GPa f = 0.5, and Fiber: E-glass (E = 70, NU = 0.22),
Matrix: Epoxy (E =4.5, NU = 0.39).
Matches results of Figures 5.4a, 5.5, 5.7.
0.32
0.05
0.44

Weight fraction of fibers = 0.33

Density of composite = 1.34 Mg/m^3

ON-AXIS LOADING
scaling factor:
24.08 -7.59 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [S] = -7.59 154.95 0.00 1.00E-03 [1/GPa]
0.00 0.00 403.41

scaling factor:
42.17 2.06 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [C] = 2.06 6.55 0.00 1.00E+00 [GPa]
0.00 0.00 2.48

OFF-AXIS LOADING c = -0.7071 c^2 = 0.5000 c^3 = -0.3536

s = -0.7071 s^2 = 0.5000 s^3 = -0.3536
Ply/load Angle [degrees] = -135 scaling factor:
141.82 -59.89 -65.43
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [S-bar] = -59.89 141.82 -65.43 1.00E-03 [1/GPa]
-65.43 -65.43 194.21

scaling factor:
15.69 10.73 8.90
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [C-bar] = 10.73 15.69 8.90 1.00E+00 [GPa]
8.90 8.90 11.15

OFF-AXIS LOADING ELASTIC CONSTANTS

Ex [GPa] = 7.051
Ey [GPa] = 7.051
Gxy [GPa] = 5.149

NUxy = 0.422
NUyx = 0.422

ETAxyx = -0.461
ETAxyy = -0.461
 Material Density [Mg/m^3] Youngs Mod [GPa] Poisson Ratio Shear Mod [GPa] Bulk Mod [GPa]
Fiber: Kevlar 49 1.45 130.00 0.35 48.15 144.44
Matrix: PEEK 1.29 3.60 0.30 1.38 3.00
(estimated) (estimated)

FIBER VOLUME FRACTION=0.3 LAMINA THICKNESS [length units] = 1

Angle,PHI, rel. to ref. [degrees] = 90
E1 (equal stress approximation) = 41.52 GPa E1/E2 = 6.4

E2 (equal strain approximation) = 5.08 GPa

E2 (Halpin-Tsai approximation) = 6.45 GPa ETA = 0.95
Xi = 1.00

G12 (SLAB equal stress spprox.) = 1.95 GPa

G13 (SLAB equal strain approx.)
G12 (Halpin-Tsai approximation)
Xi = 1.00
G23 (using HT & G-E relationship)
K (hydrostatic approximation) =
NU12 (equal strain approximation) =
NU21 (using HT & NU-E relationship) =
NU23 (hydrostatic approximation) =
= 15.41 GPa
= 2.48 GPa ETA = 0.94
= 2.23 GPa
NOTE: Checked against Hull and Clyne with
4.25 GPa f = 0.5, and Fiber: E-glass (E = 70, NU = 0.22),
Matrix: Epoxy (E =4.5, NU = 0.39).
Matches results of Figures 5.4a, 5.5, 5.7.
0.32
0.05
0.44

Weight fraction of fibers = 0.33

Density of composite = 1.34 Mg/m^3

ON-AXIS LOADING
scaling factor:
24.08 -7.59 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [S] = -7.59 154.95 0.00 1.00E-03 [1/GPa]
0.00 0.00 403.41

scaling factor:
42.17 2.06 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [C] = 2.06 6.55 0.00 1.00E+00 [GPa]
0.00 0.00 2.48

OFF-AXIS LOADING c = 1.0000 c^2 = 1.0000 c^3 = 1.0000

s = 0.0000 s^2 = 0.0000 s^3 = 0.0000
Ply/load Angle [degrees] = 0 scaling factor:
24.08 -7.59 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [S-bar] = -7.59 154.95 0.00 1.00E-03 [1/GPa]
0.00 0.00 403.41

scaling factor:
42.17 2.06 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [C-bar] = 2.06 6.55 0.00 1.00E+00 [GPa]
0.00 0.00 2.48

OFF-AXIS LOADING ELASTIC CONSTANTS

Ex [GPa] = 41.520
Ey [GPa] = 6.454
Gxy [GPa] = 2.479

NUxy = 0.315
NUyx = 0.049

ETAxyx = 0.000
ETAxyy = 0.000
 Material Density [Mg/m^3] Youngs Mod [GPa] Poisson Ratio Shear Mod [GPa] Bulk Mod [GPa]
Fiber: E-Glass 2.56 70.00 0.22 28.69 41.67
Matrix: Epoxy 1.25 4.50 0.39 1.62 6.82
(estimated) (estimated)

FIBER VOLUME FRACTION=0.5 LAMINA THICKNESS [length units] = 0

Angle,PHI, rel. to ref. [degrees] = 0
E1 (equal stress approximation) = 37.25 GPa E1/E2 = 3.2

E2 (equal strain approximation) = 8.46 GPa

E2 (Halpin-Tsai approximation) = 11.56 GPa ETA = 0.88
Xi = 1.00

G12 (SLAB equal stress spprox.) = 3.06 GPa

G13 (SLAB equal strain approx.)
G12 (Halpin-Tsai approximation)
Xi = 1.00
G23 (using HT & G-E relationship)
K (hydrostatic approximation) =
NU12 (equal strain approximation) =
NU21 (using HT & NU-E relationship) =
NU23 (hydrostatic approximation) =
= 15.15 GPa
= 4.23 GPa ETA = 0.89
= 3.67 GPa
NOTE: Checked against Hull and Clyne with
11.72 GPa f = 0.5, and Fiber: E-glass (E = 70, NU = 0.22),
Matrix: Epoxy (E =4.5, NU = 0.39).
Matches results of Figures 5.4a, 5.5, 5.7.
0.31
0.09
0.58

Weight fraction of fibers = 0.67

Density of composite = 2.13 Mg/m^3

ON-AXIS LOADING
scaling factor:
26.85 -8.19 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [S] = -8.19 86.51 0.00 1.00E-03 [1/GPa]
0.00 0.00 236.34

scaling factor:
38.36 3.63 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [C] = 3.63 11.90 0.00 1.00E+00 [GPa]
0.00 0.00 4.23

OFF-AXIS LOADING c = 0.0000 c^2 = 0.0000 c^3 = 0.0000

s = -1.0000 s^2 = 1.0000 s^3 = -1.0000
Ply/load Angle [degrees] = -90 scaling factor:
86.51 -8.19 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [S-bar] = -8.19 26.85 0.00 1.00E-03 [1/GPa]
0.00 0.00 236.34

scaling factor:
11.90 3.63 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [C-bar] = 3.63 38.36 0.00 1.00E+00 [GPa]
0.00 0.00 4.23

OFF-AXIS LOADING ELASTIC CONSTANTS

Ex [GPa] = 11.560
Ey [GPa] = 37.250
Gxy [GPa] = 4.231

NUxy = 0.095
NUyx = 0.305

ETAxyx = 0.000
ETAxyy = 0.000
 Material Density [Mg/m^3] Youngs Mod [GPa] Poisson Ratio Shear Mod [GPa] Bulk Mod [GPa]
Fiber: E-Glass 2.56 70.00 0.22 28.69 41.67
Matrix: Epoxy 1.25 4.50 0.39 1.62 6.82
(estimated) (estimated)

FIBER VOLUME FRACTION=0.5 LAMINA THICKNESS [length units] = 0

Angle,PHI, rel. to ref. [degrees] = 0
E1 (equal stress approximation) = 37.25 GPa E1/E2 = 3.2

E2 (equal strain approximation) = 8.46 GPa

E2 (Halpin-Tsai approximation) = 11.56 GPa ETA = 0.88
Xi = 1.00

G12 (SLAB equal stress spprox.) = 3.06 GPa

G13 (SLAB equal strain approx.)
G12 (Halpin-Tsai approximation)
Xi = 1.00
G23 (using HT & G-E relationship)
K (hydrostatic approximation) =
NU12 (equal strain approximation) =
NU21 (using HT & NU-E relationship) =
NU23 (hydrostatic approximation) =
= 15.15 GPa
= 4.23 GPa ETA = 0.89
= 3.67 GPa
NOTE: Checked against Hull and Clyne with
11.72 GPa f = 0.5, and Fiber: E-glass (E = 70, NU = 0.22),
Matrix: Epoxy (E =4.5, NU = 0.39).
Matches results of Figures 5.4a, 5.5, 5.7.
0.31
0.09
0.58

Weight fraction of fibers = 0.67

Density of composite = 2.13 Mg/m^3

ON-AXIS LOADING
scaling factor:
26.85 -8.19 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [S] = -8.19 86.51 0.00 1.00E-03 [1/GPa]
0.00 0.00 236.34

scaling factor:
38.36 3.63 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [C] = 3.63 11.90 0.00 1.00E+00 [GPa]
0.00 0.00 4.23

OFF-AXIS LOADING c = 0.0000 c^2 = 0.0000 c^3 = 0.0000

s = -1.0000 s^2 = 1.0000 s^3 = -1.0000
Ply/load Angle [degrees] = -90 scaling factor:
86.51 -8.19 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [S-bar] = -8.19 26.85 0.00 1.00E-03 [1/GPa]
0.00 0.00 236.34

scaling factor:
11.90 3.63 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [C-bar] = 3.63 38.36 0.00 1.00E+00 [GPa]
0.00 0.00 4.23

OFF-AXIS LOADING ELASTIC CONSTANTS

Ex [GPa] = 11.560
Ey [GPa] = 37.250
Gxy [GPa] = 4.231

NUxy = 0.095
NUyx = 0.305

ETAxyx = 0.000
ETAxyy = 0.000
 Material Density [Mg/m^3] Youngs Mod [GPa] Poisson Ratio Shear Mod [GPa] Bulk Mod [GPa]
Fiber: E-Glass 2.56 70.00 0.22 28.69 41.67
Matrix: Epoxy 1.25 4.50 0.39 1.62 6.82
(estimated) (estimated)

FIBER VOLUME FRACTION=0.5 LAMINA THICKNESS [length units] = 0

Angle,PHI, rel. to ref. [degrees] = 0
E1 (equal stress approximation) = 37.25 GPa E1/E2 = 3.2

E2 (equal strain approximation) = 8.46 GPa

E2 (Halpin-Tsai approximation) = 11.56 GPa ETA = 0.88
Xi = 1.00

G12 (SLAB equal stress spprox.) = 3.06 GPa

G13 (SLAB equal strain approx.)
G12 (Halpin-Tsai approximation)
Xi = 1.00
G23 (using HT & G-E relationship)
K (hydrostatic approximation) =
NU12 (equal strain approximation) =
NU21 (using HT & NU-E relationship) =
NU23 (hydrostatic approximation) =
= 15.15 GPa
= 4.23 GPa ETA = 0.89
= 3.67 GPa
NOTE: Checked against Hull and Clyne with
11.72 GPa f = 0.5, and Fiber: E-glass (E = 70, NU = 0.22),
Matrix: Epoxy (E =4.5, NU = 0.39).
Matches results of Figures 5.4a, 5.5, 5.7.
0.31
0.09
0.58

Weight fraction of fibers = 0.67

Density of composite = 2.13 Mg/m^3

ON-AXIS LOADING
scaling factor:
26.85 -8.19 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [S] = -8.19 86.51 0.00 1.00E-03 [1/GPa]
0.00 0.00 236.34

scaling factor:
38.36 3.63 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [C] = 3.63 11.90 0.00 1.00E+00 [GPa]
0.00 0.00 4.23

OFF-AXIS LOADING c = 0.0000 c^2 = 0.0000 c^3 = 0.0000

s = -1.0000 s^2 = 1.0000 s^3 = -1.0000
Ply/load Angle [degrees] = -90 scaling factor:
86.51 -8.19 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [S-bar] = -8.19 26.85 0.00 1.00E-03 [1/GPa]
0.00 0.00 236.34

scaling factor:
11.90 3.63 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [C-bar] = 3.63 38.36 0.00 1.00E+00 [GPa]
0.00 0.00 4.23

OFF-AXIS LOADING ELASTIC CONSTANTS

Ex [GPa] = 11.560
Ey [GPa] = 37.250
Gxy [GPa] = 4.231

NUxy = 0.095
NUyx = 0.305

ETAxyx = 0.000
ETAxyy = 0.000
 Material Density [Mg/m^3] Youngs Mod [GPa] Poisson Ratio Shear Mod [GPa] Bulk Mod [GPa]
Fiber: E-Glass 2.56 70.00 0.22 28.69 41.67
Matrix: Epoxy 1.25 4.50 0.39 1.62 6.82
(estimated) (estimated)

FIBER VOLUME FRACTION=0.5 LAMINA THICKNESS [length units] = 0

Angle,PHI, rel. to ref. [degrees] = 0
E1 (equal stress approximation) = 37.25 GPa E1/E2 = 3.2

E2 (equal strain approximation) = 8.46 GPa

E2 (Halpin-Tsai approximation) = 11.56 GPa ETA = 0.88
Xi = 1.00

G12 (SLAB equal stress spprox.) = 3.06 GPa

G13 (SLAB equal strain approx.)
G12 (Halpin-Tsai approximation)
Xi = 1.00
G23 (using HT & G-E relationship)
K (hydrostatic approximation) =
NU12 (equal strain approximation) =
NU21 (using HT & NU-E relationship) =
NU23 (hydrostatic approximation) =
= 15.15 GPa
= 4.23 GPa ETA = 0.89
= 3.67 GPa
NOTE: Checked against Hull and Clyne with
11.72 GPa f = 0.5, and Fiber: E-glass (E = 70, NU = 0.22),
Matrix: Epoxy (E =4.5, NU = 0.39).
Matches results of Figures 5.4a, 5.5, 5.7.
0.31
0.09
0.58

Weight fraction of fibers = 0.67

Density of composite = 2.13 Mg/m^3

ON-AXIS LOADING
scaling factor:
26.85 -8.19 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [S] = -8.19 86.51 0.00 1.00E-03 [1/GPa]
0.00 0.00 236.34

scaling factor:
38.36 3.63 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [C] = 3.63 11.90 0.00 1.00E+00 [GPa]
0.00 0.00 4.23

OFF-AXIS LOADING c = 0.0000 c^2 = 0.0000 c^3 = 0.0000

s = -1.0000 s^2 = 1.0000 s^3 = -1.0000
Ply/load Angle [degrees] = -90 scaling factor:
86.51 -8.19 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [S-bar] = -8.19 26.85 0.00 1.00E-03 [1/GPa]
0.00 0.00 236.34

scaling factor:
11.90 3.63 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [C-bar] = 3.63 38.36 0.00 1.00E+00 [GPa]
0.00 0.00 4.23

OFF-AXIS LOADING ELASTIC CONSTANTS

Ex [GPa] = 11.560
Ey [GPa] = 37.250
Gxy [GPa] = 4.231

NUxy = 0.095
NUyx = 0.305

ETAxyx = 0.000
ETAxyy = 0.000
 Material Density [Mg/m^3] Youngs Mod [GPa] Poisson Ratio Shear Mod [GPa] Bulk Mod [GPa]
Fiber: E-Glass 2.56 70.00 0.22 28.69 41.67
Matrix: Epoxy 1.25 4.50 0.39 1.62 6.82
(estimated) (estimated)

FIBER VOLUME FRACTION=0.5 LAMINA THICKNESS [length units] = 0

Angle,PHI, rel. to ref. [degrees] = 0
E1 (equal stress approximation) = 37.25 GPa E1/E2 = 3.2

E2 (equal strain approximation) = 8.46 GPa

E2 (Halpin-Tsai approximation) = 11.56 GPa ETA = 0.88
Xi = 1.00

G12 (SLAB equal stress spprox.) = 3.06 GPa

G13 (SLAB equal strain approx.)
G12 (Halpin-Tsai approximation)
Xi = 1.00
G23 (using HT & G-E relationship)
K (hydrostatic approximation) =
NU12 (equal strain approximation) =
NU21 (using HT & NU-E relationship) =
NU23 (hydrostatic approximation) =
= 15.15 GPa
= 4.23 GPa ETA = 0.89
= 3.67 GPa
NOTE: Checked against Hull and Clyne with
11.72 GPa f = 0.5, and Fiber: E-glass (E = 70, NU = 0.22),
Matrix: Epoxy (E =4.5, NU = 0.39).
Matches results of Figures 5.4a, 5.5, 5.7.
0.31
0.09
0.58

Weight fraction of fibers = 0.67

Density of composite = 2.13 Mg/m^3

ON-AXIS LOADING
scaling factor:
26.85 -8.19 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [S] = -8.19 86.51 0.00 1.00E-03 [1/GPa]
0.00 0.00 236.34

scaling factor:
38.36 3.63 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [C] = 3.63 11.90 0.00 1.00E+00 [GPa]
0.00 0.00 4.23

OFF-AXIS LOADING c = 0.0000 c^2 = 0.0000 c^3 = 0.0000

s = -1.0000 s^2 = 1.0000 s^3 = -1.0000
Ply/load Angle [degrees] = -90 scaling factor:
86.51 -8.19 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [S-bar] = -8.19 26.85 0.00 1.00E-03 [1/GPa]
0.00 0.00 236.34

scaling factor:
11.90 3.63 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [C-bar] = 3.63 38.36 0.00 1.00E+00 [GPa]
0.00 0.00 4.23

OFF-AXIS LOADING ELASTIC CONSTANTS

Ex [GPa] = 11.560
Ey [GPa] = 37.250
Gxy [GPa] = 4.231

NUxy = 0.095
NUyx = 0.305

ETAxyx = 0.000
ETAxyy = 0.000
 Material Density [Mg/m^3] Youngs Mod [GPa] Poisson Ratio Shear Mod [GPa] Bulk Mod [GPa]
Fiber: E-Glass 2.56 70.00 0.22 28.69 41.67
Matrix: Epoxy 1.25 4.50 0.39 1.62 6.82
(estimated) (estimated)

FIBER VOLUME FRACTION=0.5 LAMINA THICKNESS [length units] = 0

Angle,PHI, rel. to ref. [degrees] = 0
E1 (equal stress approximation) = 37.25 GPa E1/E2 = 3.2

E2 (equal strain approximation) = 8.46 GPa

E2 (Halpin-Tsai approximation) = 11.56 GPa ETA = 0.88
Xi = 1.00

G12 (SLAB equal stress spprox.) = 3.06 GPa

G13 (SLAB equal strain approx.)
G12 (Halpin-Tsai approximation)
Xi = 1.00
G23 (using HT & G-E relationship)
K (hydrostatic approximation) =
NU12 (equal strain approximation) =
NU21 (using HT & NU-E relationship) =
NU23 (hydrostatic approximation) =
= 15.15 GPa
= 4.23 GPa ETA = 0.89
= 3.67 GPa
NOTE: Checked against Hull and Clyne with
11.72 GPa f = 0.5, and Fiber: E-glass (E = 70, NU = 0.22),
Matrix: Epoxy (E =4.5, NU = 0.39).
Matches results of Figures 5.4a, 5.5, 5.7.
0.31
0.09
0.58

Weight fraction of fibers = 0.67

Density of composite = 2.13 Mg/m^3

ON-AXIS LOADING
scaling factor:
26.85 -8.19 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [S] = -8.19 86.51 0.00 1.00E-03 [1/GPa]
0.00 0.00 236.34

scaling factor:
38.36 3.63 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [C] = 3.63 11.90 0.00 1.00E+00 [GPa]
0.00 0.00 4.23

OFF-AXIS LOADING c = 0.0000 c^2 = 0.0000 c^3 = 0.0000

s = -1.0000 s^2 = 1.0000 s^3 = -1.0000
Ply/load Angle [degrees] = -90 scaling factor:
86.51 -8.19 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [S-bar] = -8.19 26.85 0.00 1.00E-03 [1/GPa]
0.00 0.00 236.34

scaling factor:
11.90 3.63 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [C-bar] = 3.63 38.36 0.00 1.00E+00 [GPa]
0.00 0.00 4.23

OFF-AXIS LOADING ELASTIC CONSTANTS

Ex [GPa] = 11.560
Ey [GPa] = 37.250
Gxy [GPa] = 4.231

NUxy = 0.095
NUyx = 0.305

ETAxyx = 0.000
ETAxyy = 0.000
 Material Density [Mg/m^3] Youngs Mod [GPa] Poisson Ratio Shear Mod [GPa] Bulk Mod [GPa]
Fiber: E-Glass 2.56 70.00 0.22 28.69 41.67
Matrix: Epoxy 1.25 4.50 0.39 1.62 6.82
(estimated) (estimated)

FIBER VOLUME FRACTION=0.5 LAMINA THICKNESS [length units] = 0

Angle,PHI, rel. to ref. [degrees] = 0
E1 (equal stress approximation) = 37.25 GPa E1/E2 = 3.2

E2 (equal strain approximation) = 8.46 GPa

E2 (Halpin-Tsai approximation) = 11.56 GPa ETA = 0.88
Xi = 1.00

G12 (SLAB equal stress spprox.) = 3.06 GPa

G13 (SLAB equal strain approx.)
G12 (Halpin-Tsai approximation)
Xi = 1.00
G23 (using HT & G-E relationship)
K (hydrostatic approximation) =
NU12 (equal strain approximation) =
NU21 (using HT & NU-E relationship) =
NU23 (hydrostatic approximation) =
= 15.15 GPa
= 4.23 GPa ETA = 0.89
= 3.67 GPa
NOTE: Checked against Hull and Clyne with
11.72 GPa f = 0.5, and Fiber: E-glass (E = 70, NU = 0.22),
Matrix: Epoxy (E =4.5, NU = 0.39).
Matches results of Figures 5.4a, 5.5, 5.7.
0.31
0.09
0.58

Weight fraction of fibers = 0.67

Density of composite = 2.13 Mg/m^3

ON-AXIS LOADING
scaling factor:
26.85 -8.19 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [S] = -8.19 86.51 0.00 1.00E-03 [1/GPa]
0.00 0.00 236.34

scaling factor:
38.36 3.63 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [C] = 3.63 11.90 0.00 1.00E+00 [GPa]
0.00 0.00 4.23

OFF-AXIS LOADING c = 0.0000 c^2 = 0.0000 c^3 = 0.0000

s = -1.0000 s^2 = 1.0000 s^3 = -1.0000
Ply/load Angle [degrees] = -90 scaling factor:
86.51 -8.19 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [S-bar] = -8.19 26.85 0.00 1.00E-03 [1/GPa]
0.00 0.00 236.34

scaling factor:
11.90 3.63 0.00
Plane-stress orthotropic lamina [C-bar] = 3.63 38.36 0.00 1.00E+00 [GPa]
0.00 0.00 4.23

OFF-AXIS LOADING ELASTIC CONSTANTS

Ex [GPa] = 11.560
Ey [GPa] = 37.250
Gxy [GPa] = 4.231

NUxy = 0.095
NUyx = 0.305

ETAxyx = 0.000
ETAxyy = 0.000