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  • DELIVS Cardio Module 5 No. 2

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    Jaiton Pagayonan
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    The document provides diagrams showing the pathophysiology of different types of valvular defects: 1) Mitral valve prolapse and mitral regurgitation involve issues with the mitral valve leaflets that allow blood to backflow from the left ventricle to the left atrium. 2) Mitral stenosis involves a narrowed mitral valve opening, restricting blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle. 3) Aortic regurgitation and stenosis also involve backflow or restricted blood flow respectively, putting strain on the left ventricle and leading to issues like enlarged heart chambers. 4) The pathophysiological progression can involve backward heart failure putting strain on

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    The document provides diagrams showing the pathophysiology of different types of valvular defects: 1) Mitral valve prolapse and mitral regurgitation involve issues with the mitral valve leaflets that allow blood to backflow from the left ventricle to the left atrium. 2) Mitral stenosis involves a narrowed mitral valve opening, restricting blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle. 3) Aortic regurgitation and stenosis also involve backflow or restricted blood flow respectively, putting strain on the left ventricle and leading to issues like enlarged heart chambers. 4) The pathophysiological progression can involve backward heart failure putting strain on

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    7 views3 pages

    DELIVS Cardio Module 5 No. 2

    Uploaded by

    Jaiton Pagayonan
    The document provides diagrams showing the pathophysiology of different types of valvular defects: 1) Mitral valve prolapse and mitral regurgitation involve issues with the mitral valve leaflets that allow blood to backflow from the left ventricle to the left atrium. 2) Mitral stenosis involves a narrowed mitral valve opening, restricting blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle. 3) Aortic regurgitation and stenosis also involve backflow or restricted blood flow respectively, putting strain on the left ventricle and leading to issues like enlarged heart chambers. 4) The pathophysiological progression can involve backward heart failure putting strain on

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 3

    Ateneo de Zamboanga University

    College of Nursing
    Deliverables
    Module 5
    Prince Mark B. Badillo

    Deliverables #2

    Draw a diagram showing the pathophysiology of the different types of valvular


    defects

    MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE:

    One or both mitral valve Ballooning stretches the blood then regurgitates from
    leaflets balloons back at leaflet to the point that the the left ventricle back into
    atrium during systole valves does not remain close the left atrium
    during systole

    MITRAL REGURGITATION:

    Mitral valve- shorten or tear Each beat, some of the blood


    Problems with one or more
    is forced back to the left
    leaflets Chorae Tendinae elongate,
    atrium
    shorten or tear

    Annulus stretched by heart


    enlargement or deformed by
    calcifications

    Papillary muscles may


    Left atrium stretch, rupture stretch or be pulled
    hypertrophies and dilates out of positions by changes
    in the ventricular wall

    Backward flow of the blood


    from the ventricles Lungs become congested
    diminishes volume of blood adding strain on the right
    flowing into the atrium from ventricle
    the lungs
    MITRAL STENOSIS
    Left atrium has a great Left atrium dilates and
    Opening of the mitral valve is difficulty in moving blood hypertrophies because of
    narrowed into the ventricle because of the increased blood volume.
    increased resistance of the
    narrowed orifice

    AORTIC REGURGITATION

    Blood from the aorta returns Left ventricle dilated in an Arteries attempt to
    to the left ventricle during attempt to accommodate compensate for the higher
    diastole increased volume of blood. pressures by reflex
    vasodilation, peripheral
    arterioles relax.

    AORTIC STENOSIS

    left ventricle overcomes


    narrowing of the valve The obstruction to left
    obstruction by contracting
    orifice ventricular wall thickens or
    slowly
    hypertrophies.
    Pathophysiology: Left as a result of Aortic and Mitral Valvular heart disease and the
    development of right ventricular failure

    Backward Heart Failure Forward Heart Failure

    Aortic stenosis limits


    Not enough blood flows
    forward flow of blood from
    through the aorta to meet
    the L ventricles Aortic
    the bodys needs (Decrease
    Regurgitation permits blood
    C.O.)
    flow back into the L
    ventricle from the aorta

    Angina pectoris, Postural


    Increase blood volume and hypotension, fatigue,
    pressure in the L ventricle dizziness
    Mitral Stenosis limits the
    forward flow of blood into
    the left ventricle. Mitral
    Left ventricular hyperthropy regurgitation permits blood
    and dilation; blood from the flow back into the L atrium
    left atrium cannot get into from the L ventricle
    the left ventricle

    Increase blood volume and pressure in the Left atrium

    Left atrium hypertrophy and dilation

    Increase blood volume and pressure in the pulmonary veins

    Pulmonary Congestion (SOB and Pulmonary edema), increased


    pulmonary vascular pressure

    Increased work for the right ventricle, right ventricular strain

    Right Ventricular Failure

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