Professional Documents
Culture Documents
By
2016
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES 2
Chapter 1
The Problem and Its Background
Introduction
from water and coffee, to daily expenditures like train cards, power chargers, and
computer rentals. The transaction of money, from paying bills to leisure and
Station, Pisonet, and similar others, display the importance of automation which
has become beneficial for the everyday living of a Filipino. Eminently, the future
the vendors and the consumers. It produces a hassle-free and better transaction
even ill-timed.
The machine will automate the selling of rice grains; able to operate for up to 24
hours straight, it dispenses a minimum of one half cup with a suitable price for
are so busy and yet have an inadequate income to sustain their familys
everyday needs. One of the ways to solve this problem is through making
suitable for every Filipinos that are hard-working and for those who are
Everyone knows that a Filipino meal will never be the same and
complete without a cup of rice. Rice is a food that plays a big role in every
three-fourths (75 percent) rice and one-fourth (25 percent) other food
largely to the big per capita consumption of rice in the country, which is
119 kilograms a year. This, he says, is equivalent to five cups of rice per
person a day for every Filipino. Philippines have a high demand of rice,
Here in the city, buying rice is by simply just going to your patron
people go to the rice stores 10 - 20 minutes away from them which offers
them a very hard and risky purchasing especially during the night when
the road is too dark since there is no streetlights along the way. Because
of unreliability factors of nearest rice store, most people here buys bunch
sack of rice weekly through going to the San Jose town for about 1 to two
hours travel time. The community beside the Wawa Dam is a rural
inside the house and each consumes for about 1 to 3 kilos of rice per day
of them have physical limitations and some of them are citizen, they
usually hire a man to deliver the sack of rice to their respective houses,
The researchers also discovered the struggle of the people just going to
the nearest rice store. The challenges are the frail and weak-support
bridges, dark cave, dangerous environments, narrow way, etc. The people
usually buy rice weekly to avoid and to lessen their efforts and struggles
and torment that theyre facing. Also, the place is hard to reach because
of the location of the place and therefore, few retailers of rice are available
aid of manpower, the efficiency and effectiveness of selling the rice could
areas and no one is responsible to guard the machine and the money in
the vault, security and safety of the machine is an issue. Also, there are
waiting customers especially in rush hour when the owner is not there at
the moment or when the power is shut down or when theres an error in
and security is a problem. These two factors are one of the certain
security and alarm feature in the system and also a monitoring system
rice, which is very convenient for customers who do not have ample
emergency situation, very helpful in times of calamity, and when you have
nothing but a coin. You dont need to do anything - just walk to the
automated rice vending machine, insert a coin then fresh rice is now
pests and dirt, and it is affordable. It will also help prevent wasting of rice
The advanced automated rice vending machine aids the solution for
certain community that later helps them to obtain a better living. The
construct such machine to help the said subjects who cannot afford to
buy kilos of rice. The possibility of making it is of great help to those who
Conceptual Framework
based Rice Vending Machine with GSM Monitoring and Security System using
capacity indicator using GSM module, and programmable security system. The
study will be automated, similar to existing vending machines like coffee vending
machine and the likes; thus, owners wont have to check upon their machine often
enough, allowing them to have a great amount of time on their hands while still
gaining profit.
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES 9
Figure 2. The Block Diagram of Arduino-based Rice Vending Machine
Once the whole system is ready to operate, the coin will be the only trigger or
switch for the whole process of the rice vending automation system which is
considered as the main system. If a coin is inserted in the coin detector and
counter, it will produce a signal to arduino and the arduino will trigger a high output
to the solenoid valve. The time span that the solenoid valve remains high is based
on the type of signal that the arduino received from the coin detector and counter.
The signal varies depends on the value of coin inserted. GSM messaging is self-
charging system and sends the data or information gathered from different
branches of the whole machine. The coin vault security system will trigger the
alarm system if an illegal attempt was done and then it will immediately send
triggered at the rice container it will also send the information to the alarm system
and the going to GSM messaging once. For monitoring system, the rice indicator
will send information to the GSM messaging if it senses the low level of capacity of
rice in the storage. The power can also be monitored through GSM messaging so
that the owner can notice if the electricity supply is either low or high. In the user
interface, software changes and customize settings can be apply. Here, the owner
can modify the rice price per kilo and which will be automatically computed for per
polarized light is rotated when the light rays travel along the magnetic field
Faraday rotation. This was the first evidence that light was related to
previously measured speed of light. From this, Maxwell concluded that light was a
magnetic fields, still known as Maxwell's equations. Soon after, Heinrich Hertz
waves in the laboratory, and demonstrating that these waves behaved exactly like
wireless communications.
radiation leads the creation of wireless radio communication from short range up
is the security of the utilities, the products and machine itself from environmental
hazards and from other bad elements such as robbers and wreckers due to lack of
manpower and guard to protect the whole facilities. In order to lessen these
information about the condition of the system such as the quantity of rice in the
storage, power indicator, system report, etc. This will become possible through the
use of GSM network. GSM (Global System for Mobile communication) is a 2nd
Propositional logic, also known as sentential logic and statement logic, is the
branch of logic that studies ways of joining and/or modifying entire propositions,
sentences, as well as the logical relationships and properties that are derived from
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES 1
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these methods of combining or altering statements. In propositional logic, the
logic does not study those logical properties and relations that depend upon parts
of statements that are not statements on their own, such as the subject and
and connectives that are used to produce complex statements whose truth-value
depends entirely on the truth-values of the simpler statements making them up,
and in which it is assumed that every statement is either true or false and not both.
However, there are other forms of propositional logic in which other truth-values
the parts, but additional things such as their necessity, possibility or relatedness to
one another.
The serious study of logic as an independent discipline began with the work of
logic dealt with the logic of categories and quantifiers such as "all", and "some",
which are not treated in propositional logic. However, in his metaphysical writings,
have since come to be called the Law of Excluded Middle and the Law of
Contradiction. Interpreted in propositional logic, the first is the principle that every
statement is either true or false; the second is the principle that no statement is
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES 1
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both true and false. These are, of course, cornerstones of classical propositional
logic. There is some evidence that Aristotle, or at least his successor at the
Lyceum, Theophrastus (d. 287 BCE), did recognize a need for the development of
and conditionals (statements joined by "if... then..."), but their investigations into
More serious attempts to study such statement operators such as "and", "or"
and "if... then..." were conducted by the Stoic philosophers in the late 3rd century
BCE. Since most of their original works -- if indeed, many writings were even
produced -- are lost, we cannot make many definite claims about exactly who first
made investigations into what areas of propositional logic, but we do know from
the writings of Sextus Empiricus that Diodorus Cronus and his pupil Philo had
depends entirely on it not being the case that its antecedent (if-clause) is true
philosopher Chrysippus (roughly 280-205 BCE) perhaps did the most in advancing
complex premises for arguments, and for each, listing valid inference schemata.
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES 1
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Propositional logic is one of the basic thinking skills of every human which a
necessity of every artificial intelligence (AI). Through it, the system can tell the
statement or object whether it is right, wrong, both or neither. With this simple
logic, an innovative lock security system can be applied to the rice vending
machine. To enhance the security of the vault where the money is located, the
researcher will apply the propositional logic through a password lock system. Also,
if the false attempt to crack the code is more often, it will decide to send an alarm
Propositional logic is very useful to the whole system since it is automated with the
fully automated, it will require the ability to decide the right decision itself reducing
The study was undertaken to find out the opinion and additional
System and how it will be maximized and developed its function and
1.2. Security?
1.3. Income?
4. What is the cost of the device that will justify its function and feature?
The study aims to help people in certain areas who only have the capability to
buy the needed amount of rice below retail standard and those who are far from
rice market. Moreover, the output of this study will let the consumers choose and
buy varieties of quality rice grains which can only be bought per kilo or wholesale.
This will also minimize the work of the market retailers especially the sellers since
it would not require human interaction in selling; it will let the consumers operate
the device by themselves. It is automated and will operate day and night which will
unexpected events like typhoons, drought or any calamity, the output of this study
will be able to help the people affected by making rice grains available for
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES 1
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purchase; subsequently the stores in affected areas will surely be closed. It will
benefit the owner since it can be a good source of income, high security and
reliable and available anytime. It will also help the community economically.
with coin denominations as credit for payment; also, the design of the
study is limited for one variety of rice which is the commercial rice. The
alarm system, power saving mode, volume indicator and GSM messaging.
It only focuses on the automation of vending the rice that reduces the aid
of the manpower. The target marketplaces are those that satisfy the
benefits of the machine. The rice storage has capacity of about 50kg.
Definition of Terms
communications.
Machine. A tool containing one or more parts that uses energy to perform
an intended action.
electronic circuitry.
Chapter 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
Foreign Literature
many methods to remotely control systems have been devised, the methods
have the problems such as the need for special devices and software to
control the system. The DTMF tone (Dual Tone Multi Frequency) generated
when the user pushes mobile phone keypad buttons or when connected to
The remote control technologies have been used in the fields like
Edition that many security systems are concerned one way or another
that these systems may have to deal with numerous mutually suspicious
in his article that security system with GSM is just as by simply dialing the
sending code after the phone has automatically been answered, puts the
system to either active or state. In case of any attempt, the system will
automatically switch off and an alert SMS will be sent to the personnel who
microcontrollers save both time and money, which are the key factors in
Vending Machines that the first recorded vending machine comes from the
dispensed holy water inside Egyptian temples. She cited that there are
early samples like small machines made of brass that dispensed tobacco
machines were used in the railway stations and post offices as they were a
in her article, that Japan is the Land of Vending Machine which is Japan
has the highest per capita rate of vending machines in the world because it
has gained a reputation for having some of the most innovative use of
vending machine where you can buy anything under the necessities and
Foreign Studies
and FPGA board. Here in this paper, they proposed an efficient algorithm
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES 2
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for implementation of vending machine on FPGA board. Because FPGA
based vending machine give fast response and uses less power than the
supports four products and three coins. The vending machine accepts
greater than the price of product. It also supports cancel feature means a
user can withdraw the request any time and entered money will be
implemented in Verilog HDL and simulated using Xilinx ISE simulator tool.
machine give fast response and also show low power consumption and easy
to use by an ordinary person. The results clearly indicate that FPGA based
they can monitor the FPGA based vending machine with the main frame
computer. Its algorithm is very flexible and reliable as the vendor can easily
enhance the algorithm for large number of products and coins of different
machine.
Local Literature
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES 2
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There are some disadvantages of automation; one of it is its accuracy.
This is because just like Philippines, the German Supreme Court also
noted the electronic systems flaws similar to those that Filipino experts
machines are reading each ballot. Then the machines report results that no
one can verify. Experts from CenPEG, AEStch and other institutions have
manual voting and the counting and tabulation that the Comelec officials,
accuracy and the possibility of wholesale cheating are just some issues
that his agency is 99.9999999 percent ready, just like the PCOS
machines, they are not 100 percent accurate, but close to it nonetheless.
Local Study
a robotic task. A force sensor is used together with Kalman Filters to solve
Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) has been used to find the uncertainties.
into the Kalman filter algorithm to solve for the unobservable robotic
The error covariance matrix of the Kalman filter is used to indicate the
Among the strategies, it was concluded based on this study that the
excitation strategy also mimics the actual situation wherein the peg
procedure.
Automatic Rice Vending Machine with single variety which sells per kilo of
rice and uses coin slot for mode of transaction. In this study, she use a
DC motor in the valve and uses a weighing scale to modify the weight of
2013) about the Automatic Rice Vending Machine. Here, it uses Bluetooth
module for user interface and GSM/GPRS module for mobile phone. The
Verilog hdl, it shows that there are more innovations to come in creating
machine more efficient and more accurate to operate, with low power
consumption and more profit for the owner of the machine. The
some tools supporting some constructs and not others. Furthermore, the
hardware of the device itself, still there are several factors (environmental,
internal, human error, economical, etc.) that will still reduce the accuracy
accuracy is also needed. But the researchers might expected that there
attainable so that the process will flow smoothly through removing the
obstructions.
problems of every consumers, sellers and even the machine itself and also
device which is somewhat related to our topic. The problem in the rice
scaling which is space and time consuming which is hassle and they sell
only kilos of rice. The researchers also found out that the machine uses a
poor method of dispensing the rice which results in clogging. Another one
monitoring with low power consumption plus the power saving mode and
operate the machine without his presence at that certain location where
Chapter 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
develop and build this study and includes a scientific method of research
reports. The readers will see also the method of research used, population,
the subject. The descriptive study is also be used for collecting information
that will demonstrate the relationship and describe the subject as it exist.
This type of study is often done to know what specific things to manipulate
and security system. Likewise, it also gave additional information about the
respondents are of different ages and are permanently living in the area.
which means every resident in the community were able to answer the
Table 1
Total 100
in this study. The respondents who involved must have a healthy mind and
Research Instruments
data to identify the opinions and reactions of the respondents about the
system. The set of questions were based from the statement of the problem.
The data were drawn from residents beside the Barangay San Rafael
among the people and retrieved the questionnaires right away after the
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES 3
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respondents were finished answering. The survey was answered according
analyze the gathered data. Descriptive Statistics was used to measure the