1.

Diagram 1 shows the apparatus set up to prepare an insoluble salt, lead (II)
iodide.

a) What is meant by an insoluble salt? (1 mark)

b) Suggests the reaction that can be used to prepare lead (II) iodide. (2 marks)

c) Name the reaction involved in the preparation of the salt. (1 mark)

d) State the color of the precipitate of lead (II) iodide that is formed. (1 mark)

e) State the formulae of the two ions that form lead (II) iodide. (2 marks)

f) Write an iconic equation for the reaction in the formation of lead (II) (1 mark)
iodide.

g) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction.

(1 mark)
2. Diagram 2 shows the apparatus set up to study the heating of zinc carbonate.

a) Name the gas that is released during the heating. (1 mark)

b) Explain briefly a test that can be used to determine the presence of the
gas that you have stated in 2.a). (2 marks)

(1 mark)
c) What is solid X?

(2 marks)
d) State the color of solid X when hot and when cold.

e) Write a chemical equation to represent this reaction.

(1 mark)

f) If zinc carbonate is replaced with copper (II) carbonate, state the change
in color that occurs during heating.
(2 marks)
3. Diagram 3 below shows a series of reaction in the production of zinc (II)
nitrate and substance G with zinc as the initial reactions.

a) Name solution E and substance G. (2 marks)

b) Explain how you can identify and confirm the presence of gas U. (2 marks)

c) In reaction I, 25 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid is reacted with

excess zinc powder.
i) Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction.
(1 mark)

ii) Calculate the maximum volume of gas U that can be produced at

room conditions.
[molar volume of gas: 24 000 cm3 mol-1 at room conditions]
(2 marks)

d)
i) What type of reaction at reaction II?
(1 mark)

ii) Explain how you can separate substance G from the mixture of
products.
(2 marks)
4. Diagram 4 shows some chemical reactions of salt P.

a) What is the cation that is present in solution? (1 mark)

b) Explain one chemical test that can be carried out to identify the anion that
is present in solution X. (2 marks)

c) What can be observed when excess ammonia solution is added to

precipitate Y?
(2 marks)

d) Identify salt P.
(1 mark)

e) Write a balanced chemical equation for the heating of salt P. (1 mark)

f) Explain the chemical tests that can be carried out on gas R and gas S. (2 marks)

g) Solid Q is found to be black in color. What can be observed when

hydrogen gas is passed through solid Q which is heated? (1 mark)
5. The following steps are taken by a student to prepare copper (II) sulphate,
CuSO4, salt. One of the steps contains an error. The error is highlighted in
bold letters.
25 cm3 of dilute sulphuric acid is added into a beaker.
The sulphuric acid is heated until it boils.
A small amount of copper (II) carbonate is added slowly to the
acid.
When the copper (II) carbonate has dissolved, the heating is stop
and a little more copper (II) carbonate is added until it in excess.
The hot mixture is filtered into a clean beaker.
The solution in the beaker is heated until almost one third of the
solution remains.
The solution is cooled.

a) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction. (1 mark)

b) What apparatus should the student use to accurately measure 25 cm3 of

sulphuric acid. (1 mark)

c) Why is the sulphuric acid not heater until it boils?

(1 mark)

d) Why is copper (II) carbonate added in excess?

(1 mark)

e) When copper (II) carbonate is added to sulphuric acid, effervescence can be

seen. Explain.
(1 mark)

f) What can be seen when the hot solution of copper (II) sulphate is cooled to
room temperature?
(1 mark)

g) Suggest two substance that can be replace copper (II) carbonate to prepare
copper (II) sulphate. (2 marks)
 6. The word equation below represents the thermal decomposition of lead (II)
carbonate.
Lead (II) carbonate Lead (II) oxide + carbon dioxide

a) Name the solution used to test the carbon dioxide gas.

(1 mark)
b) Draw a labeled diagram of the apparatus set up to produce lead (II) oxide and
to identify the carbon dioxide gas.
(2 marks)

c) State the color of the residue of the thermal decomposition of lead (II)
carbonate when it is hot and cold.
Hot: (2 marks)
Cold:
d) If 5.34 g of lead (II) carbonate is used in this experiment, calculate the
carbon dioxide that is released at STP.
[relative atomic mass: Pb=207, C=12, O=16, 1 mole of gas occupies 22.4
dm3 at STP].

(2 marks)

e) The residue, lead (II) oxide, from the experiment is reacted with solution Q
to form lead (II) nitrate.
i. What is solution Q? (1 mark)

ii. Write a formula of an anion that is present in the solution of lead (II) nitrate.

(1 mark)

iii. Describe a confirmatory test to identify this anions.

(2 marks)
7. Salts may be prepared by the following methods:
Method A: Neutralization between base and acid
Method B: Double decomposition involving two solutions of soluble salts
A student has been asked to prepare silver chloride and copper (II) sulphate
using the methods given. Silver chloride is an insoluble salt and copper (II)
sulphate is a soluble salt.

a) Select a method which is suitable to prepare

i. Silver chloride:
ii. Copper (II) sulphate: (2 marks)
b) Write the chemical equation for the preparation of
i. Silver chloride:
ii. Copper (II) sulphate: (2 marks)
c) State the observation when the preparation of silver chloride is carried
out.
(1 mark)
d) A solution of copper (II) sulphate is prepared by dissolving copper (II)
sulphate crystals in water. 2 cm3 of the copper (II) sulphate solution is
transferred into a test tube. Sodium hydroxide solution is added dropwise
into the test tube.
i. Describe the observation.
(1 mark)
ii. Write an ionic equation to show the reaction that occurs in the test
tube.

(1 mark)
iii. Describe what happens when ammonia solution is added dropwise
instead of sodium hydroxide solution.

(2 marks)
8. Diagram 8 shows the chemical changes that occur on solid P.

a) Identify solid P. (1 mark)

b) When P is heated strongly, it decomposes to form solid R and carbon

dioxide.
i. Identify solid R. (1 mark)

ii. What is the color of solid R when it is still hot and when it is cooled.
(1 mark)

c) Nitric acid is added to slip P.

i. Identify Q.
(1 mark)

ii. Describe what is observed when sodium hydroxide solution is added

dropwise to solution Q.
(2 marks)

d) Potassium iodide solution is added to solution Q to form a yellow

precipitate, T.
(1 mark)
i. Identify T.

ii. Write an ionic equation to show the reaction between solution Q and
(1 mark)
potassium iodide.
9.

The flowchart in diagram above shows the reactions involving blue solid P.
In reaction I, solid P is heated strongly and it decomposes to solid Q which is
black in color, a colorless gas X which rekindles a glowing splint and brown
gas Y. In reaction II, the solid residue Q is reacted with dilute sulphuric acid
solution. The product of the reaction is solution R. In reaction III, iron
powder is added into solution R. A brown solid S and green solution T are
obtained.
a) Identify
i. Solid P:
ii. Solid Q:
iii. Gas X:
iv. Gas Y: (2 marks)
b) Write the chemical equation for reaction I.

(1 mark)
c)
i. Name reaction II.

(1 mark)
ii. Name the solution R formed in the reaction II.

(1 mark)
 iii. Write the chemical equation for reaction II.
(1 mark)
iv. Name reaction III.
(1 mark)

d) Identify
i. Brown solid S:
ii. Green solution T:
(2 marks)

h) Write the chemical equation for reaction III.

(1 mark)
10. Potassium sulphate, copper (II) sulphate and lead (II) sulphate are three salts.
a)
i. Name the process in the preparation of potassium sulphate salt.
(1 mark)
ii. Name two chemicals used to prepare potassium sulphate salt.
(1 mark)

iii. Write the chemical equation for the reaction a)ii).

(1 mark)

b)
i. Name two chemicals used to prepare copper (II) sulphate salt.

(1 mark)

ii. Write the chemical equation for the reaction in b)i)

(1 mark)

c)
i. Name the process in the preparation of lead (II) sulphate salt.

(1 mark)
ii. Name two chemicals used to prepare lead (II) sulphate salt.
(1 mark)

iii. Write the chemical equation for the reaction in c)ii).

(1 mark)

i) A sample contains a mixture of potassium nitrate and lead (II) sulphate

salts.
(2 marks)