7/28/2017 Sharad Pratap Singh's answer to Is it necessary to memorise the name of the organic reactions for JEE or is the

mechanism and reagents enou

Is it necessary to memorise the name of the

organic reactions for JEE or is the mechanism
and reagents enough?

Sharad Pratap Singh, Chemistry has started to get on my nerves again

Updated Mar 19

Dont be misguided by amateur answers. Do it this way-

1- Just have a glance over the classication and nomenclature.

Read the methods of purication just once and note down important examples.
Like glycerol is puried by distillation under reduced pressure.

Now read the characterisation of organic compounds. After you done with it, you
need to know which organic compounds play foul in these tests. Like some
nitrogenous compounds are not tested by Kjeldahl method etc.

The compound that does not give blue color in Lassaigne test of nitrogen?

(a)Aniline (b)Glycine (c)Urea (d)*Hydrazine.

The compound that does not give blue color in Lassaigne test of nitrogen?

(a)Phenylhydrazine (b)Azobenzene (c)*Sulfanilic acid (d)*C6H5N2+Cl-.

The compound that does not give Lassaigne test of nitrogen?

(a)* Hydroxyl amine (b)* Hydrazine (c)Sulfanilic acid (d)*C6H5N2+Cl-.

Which are correct?

(a)*Hydrazine give H2 gas when fused with sodium.

(b)*Sulfanilic acid give blood red color of Fe(CNS)3 in Lassaigne test of

nitrogen.

(c)*Diazonium salts give N2 gas when heated before they combine with
fused sodium in Lassaigne test.

(d)*AgNO3 solution is added to acidied Lassaigne extract if Organic

compound has N,S and Halogen are present, to decompose Na2S and
NaCN if formed.

The compound that cannot be tested for nitrogen by Kjeldahl method?

(a)*Azide (b)*Cyanide (c)*Nitroso (d)*Azo.

The compound that cannot be tested for nitrogen by Kjeldahl method?

(a)*Pyridine (b)*Cyanide (c)*Nitroso (d)*Nitrobenzene.

The compound that gives positive Beilstein test?

(a) *Pyridine (b)*Urea (c)*Thiourea (d)*Organic uorides.

2- Now comes the GOC. First know about electrophiles and nucleophiles. And
learn why

Na+, (NH4)+ are not electrophiles and (PCl6)-, (SiCl6)2- are not
nucleophiles.

(Me3CO)- and pyridine are non-nucleophilic bases. (steric hindrance)

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7/28/2017 Sharad Pratap Singh's answer to Is it necessary to memorise the name of the organic reactions for JEE or is the mechanism and reagents enou
Order of nucleophilic character: F- < Cl- < Br- < I- (In DMF or DMSO, order
gets reversed, solvent eect).

Now learn about reaction intermediates:

(CF3). is pyramidal but (CH3). is planar.

Bridgehead free radicals are pyramidal (At bridgehead carbocations and

alkenes etc sp2 are not possible in small rings)

learn about benzyne, carbene(singlet, triplet and the stability orders) and
nitrene.

Lets go to the electronic eects now: Inductive and Hyperconjugation

R3C- < R2CH- < RCH2- < CH3- is the order of e-releasing ability when they
are attached to unsaturated system. (reverse of when they are attached to
saturated system)

Focus well on resonance eect and its dierent examples, stability order of
resonating structures, aromaticity, cross conjugation, SIR eect, Ortho eect,
hybridisation & hydrogen bonding and their applications on e.g stability, acidic
and basic characters.

Allyl and benzyl carbanions are planar.

(CF3)+ is more stable than (CF3)3C+.

CHCl3 is more acidic than CHF3.

Azulene exists as zwitter-ion.

[8]- annulene and [10]- annulene are non-aromatic.

PhCONH2 is more basic than MeCONH2.

Maleic acid has smaller pKa1 but greater pKa2 than that of fumaric acid.

3- Its time for isomerism and Stereochemistry.

Cyclic alpha-diketones mostly exist in enolic form.

1,3,5-Benezene triol give characteristic reactions of ketones.

Glucose, mannose and fructose are ring-chain tautomers.

2,3-pentadiene is non planar and exhibit optical isomerism whereas hexa-

2,3,4-triene is planar and exhibit geometrical isomerism.

Cyclo-octene has three stereoisomers.

CH3-CH=S=O exhibit geometrical isomerism.

HOOC-CH(OH)-CH(OH)-CH(OH)-COOH has two meso forms.

Galactose is C4-epimer of glucose.

At equilibrium, the beta anomer of D-glucose predominates during

mutarotation of glucose.

cis-isomer of 1,3-dimethylcyclohexane is more stable than its trans-isomer.

4,5- Complete the properties of Hydrocarbons.

Wurtz reaction / Wurtz Fittig reaction/ Fittig reaction

Corey House Synthesis

Soda-lime decarboxylation

Kolbe Electrolysis

Halogenation of alkanes- Reactivity vs Selectivity in Halogenation of

Alkanes

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7/28/2017 Sharad Pratap Singh's answer to Is it necessary to memorise the name of the organic reactions for JEE or is the mechanism and reagents enou

Me2CH-CH2CH3 gives major monochlorinated product as Me2CH-

CH(Cl)CH3, total six monochlorinated products and after fractional
distillation, four fractions are obtained.

Use of HI / red P

Use of NBS or SO2Cl2 (Wohl-Ziegler Reaction)

The major product of the reaction of methylenecyclohexane with N-

bromosuccinimide is 1-(bromomethyl)cyclohexene.

Saytze Rule /Homann elimination

2-Fluoropentane with MeO-/MeOH gives 1-pentene.

Markowniko Rule

CF3CH=CH2 with HCl gives CF3CH2CH2Cl.

Wagner-Meerwein Rearrangement / Demajnov Rearrangement

Kharasch or Peroxide Eect

CH3CH=CH2 + CCl3Br, peroxide gives-..??

Homann Elimination of Quaternary Ammonium Hydroxides

Acid catalysed dehydration of alcohols

1-butanol with conc. H2SO4 gives 2-butene as major product.

Oxymercuration-Demercuration of alkenes

Hydroboration Oxidation of alkenes

Ozonolysis (Reductive/Oxidative) and Oxidation reactions

Ozonolysis of ortho xylene gives glyoxal, methyl glyoxal and dimethyl

glyoxal in the ratio of 3 : 2 : 1.

Tests of Terminal alkynes

Friedel-Crafts Acylation/ Friedel-Crafts Alkylation

6-Haloalkanes, Haloarenes, alcohols, phenols, ethers-

Finkelstein Reaction

Swarts Reaction

Williamson Synthesis of ethers

Me3C-Br with MeONa gives Me2C=CH2.

Homann Ammonolysis of alkyl halides

Frankland Reaction

Grignard Reactions

Dows process

Lucas Test

primary alcohol does not react with HCl at room temperature.

Oxidation reactions

Dehydration of alcohol into ether (mechanism )

Reaction of Ether with HX

anhydrous HX always favor SN2.

ArSE of phenol

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7/28/2017 Sharad Pratap Singh's answer to Is it necessary to memorise the name of the organic reactions for JEE or is the mechanism and reagents enou

Salicylic acid with Br2 water gives 2,4,6-tribromophenol.

Preparation of picric acid

Reimer Tiemann reaction (mechanism )

Kolbe-Schmitt Reaction

preparation of aspirin, salol etc.

Fries Rearrangement

7,8 - Aldehydes/Ketones-

Etard Reaction

Aldol Condensation (mechanism )

Me2CHCHO gives cannizaro reaction instead. (AIIMS)

Acetone with conc, H2SO4 gives mesitylene. (AIIMS)

Perkin reaction

Clemmensen Reduction

Wol-Kishner Reduction

Tollens test

Fehling test/ Benedict test

All monosaccharides including glucose and fructose give positive

tollens and fehling test.

Schi test

2,4-DNP test (Bradys test)

Cannizaro reaction (mechanism )

MeCHO + 4HCHO, OH- gives C(CH2OH)4 and HCOO-. (IIT)

Haloform Test (mechanism )

9, 10- Carboxylic acids & Derivatives, Amines

HVZ (Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky) Reaction

Hunsdiecker Reaction

Esterication/ Trans-Esterication (mechanism )

susceptible to steric factors.

Saponication

Rosenmund Reduction

Bouveault-Blanc Reduction;

Homann Bromamide Degradation of acid amides (mechanism )

Dry distillation of Calcium salts of carboxylic acids

Stephen Reduction

Gabriel Phthalimide Synthesis of primary amines (mechanism )

not suitable for synthesis of ArNH2 or Me3C-NH2 but successful for

ortho or para-nitroaniline.

Carbyl Amine test of primary amines

Hinsberg Test

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7/28/2017 Sharad Pratap Singh's answer to Is it necessary to memorise the name of the organic reactions for JEE or is the mechanism and reagents enou
ArSE of aniline

Friedal crafts reaction of aniline is a disaster.

To prepare ortho or para-nitroaniline from aniline, protection of -NH2

1
Ask or Search Quora by acetylation is needed. Ask Question Read Answer Notifications Sumit

Diazotisation and all reactions of C6H5N2+

Azo Coupling

with phenols is preferred in slightly alkaline and with anilines in

slightly acidic medium.

Schotten-Baumann Reaction

Sandmeyer Reaction / Gattermann reaction /Balz Schiemann Reaction

Reduction / Hydrolysis of Cyanides / Isocyanides / Nitro Compounds.

RNC with H2O attaches both E+ and Nu- on same atom.

11-Biomolecules and Polymers-DIY.

Originally posted at:

Sharad Pratap Singh's answer to What are the best ways to study organic
chemistry?

Now for other related name reactions but not mentioned in above,you are required to
learn/understand their mechanism as they will be just needed to answer as identify
products type questions, when they are asked.

EXTRA FOR JEE ADVANCED

Ullmann reaction

Lemieux-Johnson reaction

Alkylation/Dimerisation of alkenes

Birch Reduction

Simmons Smith Reaction

Diels-Alder Reaction

Ring contraction examples

Oxidation of Alkylbenzenes

Gattermann Koch Reaction

Gattermann Aldehyde Synthesis

SNi/E1CB

Benzyne Mechanism/ Cine Substitution

Darzens Reaction/Glycidic Ester Condensation

Victor Meyer Test

Pinacol-Pinacolone Rearrangement

Use of Ceric ammonium nitrate in Test of Alcohols

Test of enols

Dienone Phenol Rearrangement

Reactions of Epoxides

Claisen-Schmidt Reaction

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7/28/2017 Sharad Pratap Singh's answer to Is it necessary to memorise the name of the organic reactions for JEE or is the mechanism and reagents enou

Jones reagent / Tilden Reagent / Gilmann reagent

Upvote 34 Downvote
Claisen Condensation / Dieckmann Condensation / Stobbe
Condensation

Decarboxylation of beta-keto carboxylic acids

Acetoacetic Ester Synthesis of Ketones

Malonic ester Synthesis of Carboxylic acids

Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation of Ketones

Benzilic Acid Rearrangement / Benzoin Condensation / Tischenko

reaction

Oppenauer oxidation / MPV (Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley) Reduction;

Michael Addition

Reformatsky Reaction

Knoevenagel Condensation

Wittig Reaction

Favorskii Reaction/ Rearrangement

Arndt-Eistert Synthesis/ Curtius Reaction / Schmidt reaction

Beckmann rearrangement / Wol Rearrangement

Liebermann nitroso-amine test of secondary amines

Homann Mustard Oil reaction

Stork Enamine Synthesis / Leuckart Reaction

Cope Elimination / Ester Pyrolysis

Bridgehead Systems

Kinetic Isotope Eects

Vilsmeier-Haack Reaction

Reduction of Nitrobenzene in dierent medium

Reducing Behavior of Formic Acid

Acid-catalysed Aldol Condensation

Wacker process / Oxo process (Hydroformylation)

Houben Hoesch Condensation Reaction

Sommelet Reaction

Mulliken Barker Test

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