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 fl fi KfiC H fi Zflflfi 19

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fl = fl w = fl
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 fl fi KfiC H fi Zflflfi 23

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fi__ = fi_ fl fi_ = fi_ C fl fl_
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fl = fifl fl = fi; _H
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fl
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fl = fl = Vfl; _
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fl = fl fl = fl,
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 24 fl

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fl = { w = fl_;
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H = fl H = H_

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fi = fi fi = fi
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fi
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zfi = jg w
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fl fl Ifl T Kfi fi .
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 fl fi KfiC H fi Zflflfi 25

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fl = (fl) fl = fi I
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=

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Cfl = Cfl Cfl = Cfl_, Cfl
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fl = fl =
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fl = _; fl = b_
= _; flfi = _flfi
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 26 fl

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= fi_ = _;
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fl = _; fl fl = ;

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fl
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fl = ; fl fl = ;
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fl = fi H fl = flH fl
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 fl fi KfiC H fi Zflflfi 27

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5. = fi \fi 6. H = V
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 28 fl

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C = C fl Cfl = CH
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 fl fi KfiC H fi Zflflfi 29

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fl = = b_

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 32 fl

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1. H = flH 2. H = _
fi = lHL fi = fl;
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fi
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b_
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fi = fl_ fifi_ = -fl_ \_

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fi = fi = fl; \V
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fi = ; fi = W
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flfi = _ fi = H; Hfi
fi
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 fl fi KfiC H fi Zflflfi 33

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fi = fi; fi fi_ = fi_
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 34 fl

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17. = _; 18. fi = fi
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fi = fi; fl@fi fl = _
fl

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 fl fi KfiC H fi Zflflfi 35

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 36 fl

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fl = Vfl; <_ fl = ;
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fl = fl; fl = fl fi _
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fl = \fl; Tfl fl = _fl
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fl_ = _; _; fl =
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 38 fl

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 fl fi KfiC H fi Zflflfi 39

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fl = ; V
fl_ = _fl; fl
fi = H /
ug
flF (Reservation)
_ = (T) fi = H
_H = U; ; k Vp = O fi
ar

fi TV p = flfifl;
_fi = ; Ufl;
_ = O fi p = O fi
.m

_B = H-_ fl_ p = fifl, Z

(_.O) fl_
fi
w

fl = O H fi
fl = Kfi fl _;
_
w

fi = ; fifi (fi)
fi = S (_fi)
w
 40 fl

.in
_ fl _ . fl;
H _ O fi.
fl @_ H_ wfl . T_fifi fl

at
fi T_fi fl w . fl C _
@_ fl.

ar
(a ) ( )
(<_) (fl_)
fl @fl Zfl fl fi.
uj
H fi . (\ I IV)
flfi flH fi / fi
ug
Vflfi_ fi fl fi_ I
H, , I O_ Vfl .
, B, K, Q O_ T_fi + . - >fl _ + fl + .
ar

Ffl, fl_, fl, Vfl fl_ fl (fl+ ) .

w, w, w, w, wfl O_ fl + (C) .
fl_, fl, Vfl - _ fl fi Vfi w fi .
.m

w_, w, Vw Ofi H fl .
Zflfi H wfl
_z _ + fi_ H , Ffl _K _ K + R fi_.
w

Vp fi zfi Vfi K _ .
z- K, <_ z (K <_), _z - _K (_K <_).
w

fifi O_ T_fifi .
, H, , fi S, QH, Q - fi .
w
 fl fi KfiC H fi Zflflfi 41

.in
fifi O_ _ I
- - @ (@ <_)
- - @ (@ <_)

at
fl - fl - fl (fl <_)
C - C - C (C ,, )

ar
_fl - _fl - (_ ,, )
Q - Q - ( ,, )
\ - \ - ( ,, )
-fl, -Q I_ fi. uj
Cfl - C, flfl - fl
ug
fl - , Lfi, - O . H Ck,
flk fl .
k_ + fi k O L fi Ik,
ar

k, k, fiflk, flk - O_ .
I - k flHfl \
I + I k, k fi . Ffl I, I, CI,
.m

flI, I, _I, I -_ h I I .
_fi flH H O . fl,
I_ V H flZ, flZH, flZ, Z I_
w

C fi . (fl + Z, + Z w )
fl_ Ofi Ka fi _ fi_
Ka Zfl .
w

fl (h ) <_, fl_, fl, , Hfl, fl_,

, , , , fi, fl_, fl, , O,
w
 42 fl

.in
flfi, fifl, fl>fi, fl, fl, , fl, _fl_,
fl_, - H .
flI fi HI

at
H T_fi . Ffl flI Vflfi EflH _
Cfl . flI _ I_ \ fi .
fi/ fi, fl_, _ , _ / _, _, fl / fl, fl_,

ar
, flH, fifi_ fl H Kfi_ fl.
@_ flI - , / , fl/ fl

_ =
uj
Ofi fl wfl H.
fiVflfi fiV (fi ) .
_ = _ = _ =
ug
C_ = C _ = _ =
fl __ _ flfi fiVfl w fi_V_
fi .
ar

>fl_, _, fl_, fl_, fi_ fi fl_ fifi w_

fiVfl >fl_, _, fl_, fl_,
fl_ fl fl_ _fi_ fi fi HT _
.m

fiVfl _ fi .
>fl - fl - >fl_ = >fl (S_ .) >fl_ (fi. .)
fl - fl - fl_, - - _
w

_ fiVfl fi Ofi _ . fiVfl

_ \ .
fifi fl __ _ @fl fiVfl fi.
w

<, , , , _, , _<, \, fl, ,

, <, , fl, fl, , fl, fl, fl, <, , <,
w
 fl fi KfiC H fi Zflflfi 43

.in
_, , _, fl, {<, , |, , fl, <, C, , , _,
, fl_, fl, <, <, _, , , , fl, fl, , \,
fi, , fl, , , <, , , _<, , fl, fl<,

at
fl{, fl, , <, , , , fl, V, , , fl, , _\,
\, , , fl, , fl, , <, , fl, , , ,
fl.

ar
Ofi I . , [ \ -
\, \, \_] Ffl _ _fi I
fi. fi_ \_ w fi_ . , fl_-fl,
flfi. uj
fi fl _ . fifi_ B
ug
fl _
C/, /, /, /
C/, >/, /, /.
ar

I- Ofi H_ H . _fifi
H fi , I Ofi H _
H fifl .
.m

_Vfi O I . _fi fi I_ @_
fi @_ - .
fi, , , , , <, , fi, fiV, fl, , ,
-I fi Ofi H Vfi fl fi fi.
w

_Vfi -I_ V .
fifi fl-I \
w

/, /, fi/H, /, fi -_ H V .
h fi / / fi -_ C .
w
 44 fl

.in
fiVflfi EflHfi flH H
/ <_, _ - <, _K-_
C_ / C_H, _ / _H

at
fi O-B_ O_ fiVflfi Vfi fifi
T_fi (L, L, L, CQ, Q) O

ar
Zfl fi . fi fi H Zfl fi Zfl V
.
_V Ofi H
uj
_V Ifi _fi I wAfi
_ _ fi _fi flfi I . _V_
I - fl fi
ug
I I- fl . H Ifi
-I fi Ifi fl-I .
O_ I O (_V)fi H _ TV
ar

I Ofi H H fl. _ _V Ofi H_

TV fi .
() _Vfi -I
.m

1. _flH_ V
, , , fi, fiV, fl, , .
2. _ _flH_ V
w

fi, , , <, ,
() _Vfi fl-I
w

1. _flH_ V
-, -, fi-H, -, W,
w
 fl fi KfiC H fi Zflflfi 45

.in
2. fi fi - _ C .
1. -I_ V .
- fl, , fl, ifi, Tp

at
(L_ _ flfl + L = L
- fl, , fi, fi, W

ar
(, Z- _ _ flfl + /
+ Z)
- , , fl, T, ,
uj
fi - fifi, fi, fi, fi, fi, fi_, fi@
fiV,- fi_, firp, fiW, fiVM, fi, fiS
ug
fiW_, fiW, fiWH, fiV, / fifi, fiflkfl, fifl,
fifl_<
fl - fl, flH, fl, flfl, flV, flH
(flZ, flZ, flZH, _L flfl fl + Z;
ar

fl + ZH, fl + Z)
- fl, >, , , _, _
.m

(Z - _L O I + Z = Z)
- A, , ifi, , fi, , fi
fi - fi, fi>, fifi, fiflH, fi, fi,
fifi
w

- , , Cfi, fi, ~fi, Lfifi, Lfi

- fl, , , , _h, ,
w

- <, <h, <h, <p, <fl, <_Vfl, <

V - W, WI, Vfl, WM, *, H, K, VMfi
w
 46 fl

.in
- , C, , , fi, @, fl,
- - , , Z, , fi,
_, H, , fi, fi,

at
- - , , C, , fl, l, Z
_, fi, V, fiV, fi,

ar
fi-H-fi, fi, fi, fi, zfi, Vfi,
_H, flH, flH, flH, flH, fl_H
-- , <, , _,
uj
, fl, , ,
W -W, CfiW, flW, flW, VW, W, W
ug
- - , A, , fi, , , @, , fl,
p, Tp, , fl, Tk, l, VQ, V
I_ Zfl C
ar

- fi -fi, <fi, fi
- flp, Z, Va, _fi, fi
fi-flH, ZH, fi, fi
.m

L I_ H - V
V = Wfl, , WflH,
flQ = fl_fi, fl_, fl, fl
w

fi = fiL, fiflfi, fiflfl, / flV-flVfl, flfi,

fl
fl = flfi, flk, / fl - , Wfl,
w

S
w
 .in
flH -3

at
fiVfl
fiVfl Vflfi Efl fifi H. fi_ EflH

ar
Vflfi <_ __ _ . , _fl, _fl,
, <_, , _ fl. fiVfl L fl Vflfi_ fifiI

uj
fl . _V_ h T_fi fifi . (, {, H, L
fi Q) fl_ Vfl H fifi L. _V_ fififi_
fi T_fi_ H T_fi _ fi ; ,
ug
H, , H, L, Q, fi _ fi fi _ ; flH,
L, flQ-fi . _fl _Vfi fifi T_fifi_ H H
fiVfl fl _ w _. fiVflfi_ EflH flfi_ _
, _ fl_ _ Vflfi_ fifiI; fi _H, _fl,
ar

_fl, _ fl_ _ T_fifi_ fifiI.

_, EflHfi fl . _fl fi
.m

_fl<_ O_ Vflfi <_ fiVfl . _ _fi

fiVflfi_ EflH . Ofi fiVfl fifi T_fi
, Ffl O_ fiVfl fifi Vfl .
F_-F_ fiVflfi Vfi fifi T_fi I_-
w

I_ fiVfl fifi T_fi fi F_ fiVflfi Vfi \_

fifi _ fi I_ fiVfl fifi Vfl
w

. _fl fi H Lfl w H _fl<_fi

Lfl<_ fi .
47
w
 48 fl

.in
fl O_ fiVfl . fi V fl
fl _ L . , _-, _-@, _<_-<_,
_-, _-, _-, _-, _- fl

at
fiVflfi fl - Vfl fiVflfi flH
@_ @_ - V fi @_ @_ C H H .
F_ fiVflfi fifi T_fi I_ V

ar
. O_ fiVfl Zflfi flfi fl , fi Zfl
H TV fl V .

CQ uj
_-L, _-H, _-L, _fl-Lfl, _- H, C_-

F_ fiVflfi , fifi T_fifi_ _ fi, I_

ug
fiVfl C . , , \_, , fl_, , e_,
_, _.
H fi p fiVflfi flH
ar

fl_.
(1) Ofi _flH_ fiVfl fi O fiVfl
O fl_ \ . ,
.m

= fl, _ = ;_ fl = _ fl, fl_ = _H; = fi

fi _ = <;_ = _ ;_ _ = flfi ; flb
= Z b, flb_ = , flH; fl = ; fl_ = fl-;_ fl =
w

, fl_ = fi-_ fl; > = -S, > _ = ; = ;

fi _ = _, ; = fl; _ = fl; = jfi_
fifi_ Cflb;_ _ = ; = ; _ = , =
w

fi _ = Y ; <_ = ;_ __< = y_, fl_; <_ =

fi; __< = C_ - ; = fiW; _ = -, V
w
 fiVfl 49

.in
(2) fl_ _I Vfl fl fiVfl _-fi
.
_ _ fl fi fl flfi . fl

at
_ _ _ fi .
fi _i_ _fi Z . L
fl fi__ fl . fifi _i flfi_ w \

ar
(fi _ _)
(_S_) (j_) (fi__)
fl
fl
ujfl
fl
fl_
fl_ (_i)
ug
_ (,,)
<_ (.)
_ (,,)
<_ ( .)
ar

_ (_)
fl fl fl_ (,,)
.m

_ (.)
fl_ _ fl fi fi__ . ,
_ fl __ fi .
w

fl __ fi Vfi _ I _ fi
.
fl_-fl_, fl_-fl_, _-_,
w

<_-_, _-_, <_-_,

_-_, fl_-fl_, _-_,
w
 50 fl

.in
fl __ fl_ _ _S_ fi fi

C, fl, , fl, fifi, , , I.

at
fl, _S_fi_ fl_ _fi_ _ _ w _ fi
.

ar
C, fl, , fl, fifi, , , fl
fiVfl fl fi fiVfl _ _fi fl \.
. _ _ _. _ .
fl _ _.
C T.
uj
fl .
>fl_ _ _
fl_ fl_ _.
fl
ug
_ _. fi T. flH_ _ T_.
, fl _fi_ flL _ _ _S_ fi ;
Ffl _fl_ _ fi__ fi . H Ifl
ar

fiVfl
fl fiVfl_ flfi_ w _ h fi
fl ,
.m

_ fl fi fi__ _ fi _
fiVfl fi fi .
_fi _ fiVfl flfi fl __ _S_
w

fi fi fiVfl _ fl __ fi__
fi .
w

_, @ I _S_-fi__fi __
fi_ _ fi fl U . flH \
w
 fiVfl 51

.in
fl (_S_) fl_ (fi__) - _fi _fi_ Ifi_
_ fl- . fl_ .
flfi T. flfi T_.

at
flfi_ _ fl. flHfi Vfl .
fi__ fi_ I fi_ _ _fl_ . ,

ar
flfi_ fi, _fi B fl.
I fi__fi fifi_ w_ @fl fiVfl
fi , Ffl fifi_ w_ fiVfl .

$
flfi fl_ .
fl_ .
uj fl_fi fl_ H .
fl__ .
ug
flH_ b_ . flH__ H_ .
fifi __ ( w_) fiVfl flfi .
_ fl fi _ h w fl
ar

_ _fi fl_ w fl fiVfl fi.

1. , , , , <, C, , , _, fl (S_)
2. \, fi, , , , , (j_)
.m

3. _, _,< \, _, _, {<, fl, fl, , fld (fi

_ _)
fl _ifi_ _ fi _ \ \ _
- (_S_), fi- (jg), \- _ (fi__)
w

fifi_ H hH __ fl , fi_ __ H
fiVfl flfi .
w

, , , fl, fl, , , fl, ,

, , fl, <, fl<, fl{, , .
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 52 fl

.in
H H flV_ (fi-_) fl_ _
fl.
fiVflfi @_-@_ ?

at
1. fi Vh_fi_ w_
fi, , Z, , <_fl, , _ j_fi_ _

ar
fiJ fi_ fl Ifl fi_ H
fi__ fi_ . _fi fi w_ fiVfl .
fi T_. / fl_ _ fi _ .
uj
_ fi. fl H_ fl .
_ Zfi _ H . Zfi fl_ .
ug
Cfl_ . <_fl _ fi_ _ .
2. fl _i- H
fl _ifi_ _-fi TV . _i
ar

@_ fl Ifl fi fi H fl fi _
fl _-fifi H
.m

e u_ (e fi) e u_ (e fi)
fi flz_ (fi fi) _ ( fi)
fl_ e (fi) fl_ e (fi)
w

fi-fifi_ _fi w H fiVfl_

.
3. _ fi _ - fi_ H fiVfl . fi_
w

I w_ H fiVfl .
/
w
 fiVfl 53

.in
4. flHfi I H fiVfl .
Cfl_ fi. _ Cfl fi fi _ fl fi
5. flfi_ fi fi_ I_ _ H _

at
fiVfl .
fl_ \_ / _ \_. / _ \_.

ar
6. flfi __ I_ fiVfl
fl_ _ifi L fi fi_ @_ fl I .
_fi I fl fi __ fl _ifi_ _
uj
F _S_fi , j_fi fi__fi I .
flfi / flfi _ / flfi_ fl / flfi_
ug
fl / fl / fl_ V<fl / fl_ __
fl fl / fl / fl_ fi / fl_ _
_fi Ifi_ fi-fifi_ (fi_g_ ) w_
ar

fiVfl . , flfi_ / flfi_; fl_ / fl_; fl_ / fl_; /

b_ / H_
7. _ fi fiVflfi V.
.m

E fi __ fi _ . _
__ .
_, -_ _fi _i Ifl ,
w

H_ H_ @_ fiVfl .
_i Lfi Lfi _fi fi E _
Ifl fi_g fi_ . _
w

fiVfl .
(1) -L _ fi.
w
 54 fl

.in
(2) flfl fi fi @fl flz_ fi.
(3) _ _.
(4) fl __ fl_ _.

at
(5) fl__ e / __ fl / __ fi / H
_ _ T_ fl_.

ar
h TV fl fi__ fi-fi
H _-_i, fi, H, , _ , H_
fiVfl . _ fi .
uj
_fl_ _ fi . fl_ _ fi
TflH TTV . ,
ug
(_i) fl_, fl_, _, fl_ (..)
fl_, fl_, _, fl_ (.)
(fi) _, _, (..) _, _ (.)
ar

(H) <_, fifi_, _, _ (.) _, fifi_, , _ (.)

( - _, _, _, _, _ (.)
_) _, _, _, _, _, (.)
.m

( ) <_, _, _ (.)
_, _, _ (.)
w
E

S
w
w
 .in
flH -4

at
OCfl
fl_ fl _ Ifi_ aflH fl

ar
Ifi fl _ Hfl _.
_ _ fi_ C . fi_ Cfi I
fl fl_ fi_ _fi_ Cfl fl .
uj
fi _ . fi O OCflfi H
.
ug
H -I, flI I _ I _
@ . A-A I fi fi fi
_ H_.
I AI fi fi fl fl .
ar

(1) I _fi _ . fl_,

fl, fl, \_, U, Cb_, , _
.m

.
(2) I _fi tfi .
(3) @_ _fi h Vfl fl . _fi Zfl-_A
.
w

(4) I _ _fi fl
() _i H fi,
w

() H fl _i fi,
55
w
 56 fl

.in
() fi _i fi,
(C) fi H fi.
fl_ _ fih I (fl-I)

at
() _i_ H fi
(_V) , , S, (L), fi, , , fi,

ar
fi, ,
(fl) , , R, , , , ,
(fl) fl, fl, , fl, , _, fl
uj
() H fl _i fi
(_V) , , I,
ug
(fl) , H, , , H, b_, , , ,

(fl) , , fl
ar

() fi _i fi
(_V) fi/fi, , ,
(fl) H/H, , , H, , ,
.m

H, , fl, H,
(C) fi H fi
, fl, , H, H
w

() V _Vfl I
, , , , , , , , , , R, , , ,
w

, fl.
w
 OCfl 57

.in
-I
I flH

at
- /fifl L, , fi, ifi, I,
Vfl, _
- fl , Z, , / Cfl,

ar
,
- A/lW , , fi,
fi, fi
/
__
uj
fl, fi, fl
KI
ug
L- fifl/fl fi_ , fi, fifl, LL,
fi, fi, fi
b_ fi, fifi, fi, fifl,
ar

fip, L
fi- 1. / fifl, fiflH, fiflH, fi,
fi, fifi
.m

2. fi_, fifi, fi, fi_fi,

fi
3. -fi _ fiw, fifl, fi, fi,
w

fi, fi, fifi

4. fi, fifl, fi
w

- 1. fl flH, flH, H, fi
2. fl , ZH, , QI,
fi
w
 58 fl

.in
I flH
- 1. /Cb_ fi, ifi, fi_ fi,
w, fi, M,

at
T
2. fl , _fi, Tp.

ar
3. fl, fi, , H ,
, , flH,
fi_fi
- 1. fi

2. fl
uj
fl, flH, fi, fi,
fl
H, , , Hfi,
ug
fi,
3. fi, , fi
- - _, flH, fi, T,
ar

V, , L
fl fi, fi, fi
fl flH, fl, w, k
.m

fl _, _Z, @,
<_ _, _,
fl H, H, fl
1. , fl , , I, I_, kfi,
w

k_
2. fl fl, E , Efl, B ,
w

, Cfi
3. fl/fl L, I, Lfi, Ifi
w
 OCfl 59

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I flH
- 1. H/fifi_ , fi, fl, KZ,
,

at
2. , , fifi,
3. fi Z

ar
< - 1. fl/<_ <h, <h, <, <, <fl,
<_Vfl, <_
2. fi_ <, <p, <, <fi
V 1. fl
2. U
uj
_ , H , fi

, flfl, W,
, K, , , , ,
ug
Q
3. \_
fiV fifl fifl, fl fiV, fifl_<, fiVM, fiflZ,
fiflfl, fifi
ar

fifl-fi fl fi, fiWZ, fiW, fiW, fiW,

fifi, fiWH, fiW_, fij/
fi_fi
.m

fl - 1. k fl, flW, flz, fl

2. <_ flF, fl, flfi, flTk
3. fl, flfi
w

fl - 1. Cb_ fl fll, fl, flH, flfi,

fl
w

2. fl\ fl, flH, flfl, flfi,

fi, flZ, fl w - flQ
(fl)
w
 60 fl

.in
I flH
- 1. / _, , , , _, ,

at
2. , H, Vfi, h, ,
K

ar
- 1. fl I, fi, fi
2. <_ Z, , T, >,
, fl
3. -fi fi_ uj
_, _, Ikfl, IC,
IZ, fl
ug
fi_ w C, , b_, , (C,
, H,)
- 1. Cb_/ ifi, A, , , i,
ar

ZO, Z
2. <_/flfi_ VQ, VflH, fi, ,
H,
.m

- , fi, fi, , _,
flfl, H, , , fi,
fl, fi, Vfl
w

- 1. fl_ , @, h, L, ,
fi
w

2. fl fl,
3. _ , , , E
w
 OCfl 61

.in
I flH
1. Cb_/ _, _, _H, _L, _flZH,
_fi, __, _

at
2. _, _, _, _, _,
_lH

ar
3. Z, _fi, _H, _, _fi
K (fi) , , fi
(W fl) ifi, , Ifl, I@

-fl
@ ,
uj
, L, , I_
, \_, , ^
ug
fifl , H, _, H,
H- fl , HC, H\ , H,
HH, H
ar

fifl Hfi, H, H*, H

- fl/B , , , , ,
fl
.m

H - fifl H, H_, H_P_, HB_,

Hfi*
- fl_ , , a, , fl_
w

, , , , ,
,
w

- fl , fi, A, B
\_ fl, y, , fifl
w
 62 fl

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I flH
fl - fifl b_ fl, fl, flfl, fl,
flfl, fl, flL

at
- fl , fi, , ,
fl, fi

ar
fi - fi/fl fi, fiwfl, fifl,
fi, fifi, fifl,
fi_, fi
- fi/ uj
fl, fi, , , w,
, , fi, , fi,
ug
flfl, fl
fi - b_ fi_ , fi, fi , fi ,
fiflV, fi^, fi, fi
fl/fl I fl, flfl, fl, flfl, fl,
ar

flC, fl
- fi fl, , fl
.m

fl - A fl_ , fl , flfl, flfifi,

flfi_, flAIfl, fl, fl
w
E

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w
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 OCfl 63

.in
fl-I (fi)
() _V fi flI

at
1. H fl _i fi _ T .
- fl (fl), (), C (C),
(<) W (W)

ar
- fl, fifi, fl , C, , <,
_fl, fl
(- I _ _ .)
- I uj
flI, CI, TI, flI, fiI, I,
(- I I _ _ .)
ug
- ( (fl), (<fl), (_ fl),
fiL (fifi), _I (_),
(fl)
ar

2. _i fl H fi
- ()
- (), fi (fi), Z (Z),
.m

(), (), flfl (flfl),

fi (fi), (), ()
- _, (__), ()
w

-(L) , fl, , , I, fi,

- fi <fi, fi, fi
w

- L, a, V, flp, fl
- , ,
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 64 fl

.in
- I (_-fi) l_I, _, fifi, fi
- I (_-fi) H_, w_, <fi, fifi, Zfi,
Hfi, wfi

at
- L () , , V, V
- Q, Q, Z, LI, LR, I

ar
() fl () fl I
fi _i (H fl _i fi)
- uj
(_), fl (fl_), (_),
(_), fi (fi_),
ug
fl (fl_), fl (fl_), (<_)
- H H, (<_), _H (__), >_H (>_<_),
H (_), H (_),
ar

- , _, >_, , fl, (fl_)

- H, (b_), (<_), (\_),
fl (fl_) (<_)
.m

- H fifiH, (fifi_), H (<_), H

()_ , CH (Cfl<)_ , HH (b_), _H
(_<_)
w

- b_ flb_, fib_, flb_, b_,

flb_, HH_,
w

- Cfl, _,
- , (A_), {H ({b_)
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 OCfl 65

.in
- fifi (fifi_), (<_)
- _ (__), _ (__), (<_)
fi H (_i fl H fi)

at
- fl, , fl,
- , , fl, fl, , _ ,_

ar
w_
- _fl_, _, _
, , , fl, fl
-S uj
_, _, C_, _, fl_, _,
{fl_, _
ug
- fl, CCfl, _fl, ,
fl
- _, H, fl, fl,

ar

- , , fl, _, fl,
fl, fl
.m

- C,_ _,_ ,_ Cfl,_ e_,_

, , ,
() fl flI
fi _i (H fl _i fi)
w

- _ (_), _ (__), (_),

(\ _ ) , (), flfi
w

(flfi), (), _ (_),

(_)
w
 66 fl

.in
- (), (), fifi (fifi),
fi (fi), V (V), fl (fl),
> (>) fi (fi)

at
- fl fl, fifl, fl, _fl,
Vfl, fl
fi H (_i fl H fi)

ar
- fl fl, fifl, Vfl, fifl
- fl fl, fl, fl, fl, fl
-
- fl
uj
, , , fi
fifl, fl, Hfl, fifl,
ug
Hfl, flfl, fl, fl,
flfl, fl, fl
- <V, <L, _, fifi
- _ _, _, _
ar

- fl fl, flfl, flfl

.m
E

S
w
w
w
 OCfl 67

.in
fl- I-A
A _fi I A fl _i

at
H fi .
1. fl _i fi
(_V)

ar
- fi fi, fi, fi, fi
- fi fi, _fi, flfi, fi

uj
- fi, , _, flZ, Z, , fl, ,

ug
- l, @, fi, , , @, ,
- , , , @, @, Vp, p, Tp
_V A fl-I _V-IQ _fi
. E, A, , , fi, flZ, Z, _ fi
ar

(fl)
- H-H H, flH, H, H, flH, fiflH, flH,
.m

flH, flH, flH$

- , C, , , , , _,
_
- H H, flH, H, H, H, fiH
w

- fl, , , fl, ,
- , , fl, fi,
w

- H flH, H, H, H, H,
fiH
w
 68 fl

.in
- H H, H, _H, _H, H, H, H
- , fi, , ,
- fl Hfl, Hfl, Hfl, fl, fl, fl,

at
Hfl
- fl, , , , fl,

ar
A fl-I
H fi H fi.
- , , , , , ,
- fl
-
uj
fl, fl, fl, _fl
<, fl, <
ug
- H b_, b_, >b_, fiH,_ flb_, H,_
b_, b_, b_, flH_, H
ar E

S
.m
w
w
w
 OCfl 69

.in
_Vfl I
_Vfl I h _fi fi Vfl fl .
_fi _ flfl fl fi. Ifi V fl-I

at
. V fi fi I.
I CH fl C, I, , flVfl,

ar
. _ I _ _ A_ fl_ ,
L fl _ flfl fi, h _fi VI
fl .
-
-
uj
_-_, fiV- fi, flZV-flZV, V-
-, fi-fi,
ug
- - , fl-fl, -, -
, _, _,
- R H- H, - , -,
_-_, _-_, -, flH-
ar

flH, -, -
- -, fi-fi<_, fi-fi_
.m

/ -, -_, E_-_
- -, _-_, <_fl- <_fl, _fl-_fl
- @_, _, _, fl, <_, fl, , ,
w

, <, Z, >
- -<_, -<_, H-H, {b_-{H<_,
fifi-_ fifi<_
w

- A -, _, _, _
- -, , , <_-, \_, fl<_,
w
 70 fl

.in
fi, , fl, , _, , fl,
, , , , fi, _ , ,
<_, <, _

at
- S fiH, H, _, -_, Q_, fl,
fl, fl, _, , ,
-+ fl, fl

ar
- _, _, fl, ,
- U,-_, -, -
- T
-
,
uj
_, _, H
ug
- fl
- C_-C_<, _-_, _-_, <-><_
_ w I fi _ L Cfi
ar

fi -w _ , _ _ L _
V_hH _ fi.
V , , fi,
.m

Lfl _flH, _IflI, _, _, _p,

_V
_fl, _, _
w

V , WflH, Wfl, W
flQ fl, flfi, flfi, flVflH, fl_fi,
w

fl, fl_
fl flV, flVfl, flVflH, fl, fl,
flfl
w
 OCfl 71

.in
fifl fi fl, fiflfi, fiflfi, fifl fi,
fiL, fiBfi, fiVfi
fl flH, flb_, flk/ fl (fl<_), fl, fl,

at
fl, flfi
M MyflH, MBfi, MM

ar
fl , , Vfifi, VflH
fl
fl fl_, , , Wfl, WflH,

J
uj
W, WH
J, Jfi
ug
flV flVfl, flVflH, flV, flV
- fl, VMfi, _
fiV fiVfl, fiV, fiV, fiV, fiV
ar

fifi- fifi, fifi, fifiw, / lI-l

I (fl_) I, I_, fl, H, Lh,
, flH
.m

k, ,
V_ V_, V_fl, V_, V_H, V_,
V_, V_Ve
w

V V, V, Vfi, V
ZI ZIfl
w

V V, V
_ _, __K
w
 72 fl

.in
fl flflV, flfi, fl\fi, flfl, flfi
/ fl_ / - Efl,/ _ /H
A _ fi _ _ _

at
fl . fi I fi . _ C H Cfi
w .

ar
- fl fl, fl, fifl, Hfl, fl, lVfl
(flfifl)
- fl hfl, fl, fl, hfl, fl,

- fl
uj
Afifl (flfifl)
fl, Hfl, fl, fl
ug
- T, , (fifl)
- , fi, , K,
fi (fifl)
- H, (H flfifl)
ar

- a ka, fla (fifl)

- , , p, (fifl)
.m

- fl, , fi_ (fifl)

- fl fl, Hfl, Hfl, fl, _fl, flfl,
fl, fl (flfifl)
w

- fl fl, fifl, fl, fifl, fl,

fl (flH flfifl)
w

- fl fl, flfifl, fl (flH flfifl,

flfifl)
- , fl, Zfl (Cfifl)
w
 OCfl 73

.in
- fl, H, _, V,
(fi_)
- , fi (fifl)

at
- fl fl, <fl, fifl, Ifl
(flfifl)

ar
- fl fifl, fififl, fl, fl,
fifl (flfifl)$
- < fl<, fl< (fifl)
- fl
uj
flfl, fl, fl, fifl,
fl, Hfl, CHfl, (fifl flfifl)
ug
- fl_ fl_, _fl_, fl_, Cflfl_ (flfifl)
- H, _fl, , _,
(fi _ fi)
- fl kfl, @fl, fifl (flfifl)
ar

- _ fi_, fi_ (_)

- H _<H, flb, UH, CH (flb_ - H
.m

fl) (fl__)
- fl fl, fl (flfifl)
- j (- _)
w

- - _ (_ _)
w

S
w
 .in
flH -5

at
flfi flfi
wflfi O_ fl_ fl V_h w UO

ar
. , , fi_, Cfl, Cfl,
fiflh, _ fl
, fl (UO w) fi flfi fi fi
uj
. fi_ _ C _ Lh V_hH fl
_ _ . fifi O_ C . fi_,
ug
H, H_, flfl, _ fi_ fi , H fi ,
H fi _, fl fi fl fl. _ fi_, , _
fi fl _ V_hH , Ffl , H,
H fi fl C VI_hH @fl fl_ fi.
ar

_ (_ O) Ifl fi Efi_
__ kfi . fi_ Cfi ^_
fi fl Ifl E fi __ . _
.m

. , flZH , Cfl fi fi_ Cfl

_ fi_ Cfl fl fi ZH fl .
Ffl fi
w

.
O_ _fi C _ _ . fi
fl Ifl fi_ _ C \_ .
w

fi fi fl . fi _
74
w
 flfi flfi 75

.in
H fi, fi Lfi
. Ofi_ @_ @_
fi Z_ fl _ aflH _ .

at
1. fi_ _fi fi fl fi fl
@_fi __ fl _ fi
fi . ,

ar
_ _. @_ Ofi_
- _fi __ . , 1.
. 2. _ _.
uj
flfi _ fi .
2. fi_ _fi C_ C @_fi
ug
_ h fi A flfiL
fi . fifi_ flH \ _ _flV
. _ O . _ fi _
ar

. h ; () _
_flV . flfi _ H _flV flfi
@ fi.
.m

flfi kfl, fl, fi K

fi .
3. _ _fi H fi flfi Lfi
fi JI L fi _ Ifl
w

fi fi Lfi . , fl
_ fl H flfi_ fi __
w

.
fl . @fi_ fi H @ fi.
w
 76 fl

.in
. fl . H fl H flfi fl
Ifl Vp fi .
flfi fi _ .

at
H fi ZH fi fi fl
p_ .

ar
1. _-
_ <_. Efi Sfi __ fl .
fi fl_ E fi, fi , _
.
= fi
uj flZH = fl fi ZH
fifi = fi fi fi =
ug
fl = fl =
F_ Efi I _fi fi_
I_ L fl fi fi _ fi EE
ar

_ fl . . , flZH.
F_ V Cfi _ fi I_ S
_ fi . fi S _ .
.m

.. fl, .
_ -fi_ C fl _i, H,
H .
w

1. , , , fi, , fifi,
flflH, fl, fiflfl, H, fl (_fi
w

_i)
2. __, fifi_<_, _<_C_, fl_fifl_, V_C_, fiflfl,
k_\_, <__, <_fl, <_<_ (_fi H)
w
 flfi flfi 77

.in
3. , , C, C, -_, , ,
, H__u_, __, fl (_fi )
4. flfi, , _ ,_ , F_I_, C_ \,_

at
__, __, FflIfl (_fi H)
2. Ifl-

ar
_ _ E h @fi __ .
_ kfl fi @ - __ .
, _ = fi _, H@ = H_ @, _fl = fi_

uj
_fl, Tfl< = Tfl_ < fl.
fl_ , , flH, flH, __ @ __ .
E flfi @ __ fl Ifl- fi
ug
. ,
rflfi = rfl fi Ifl
= fi_ __Ifl
ar

WHl = WHfi l Ifl

fi = fi_ fi __Ifl
.m

WHH = WHfi H Ifl

C = _ C flHI.
flIfi = flIfi flHIfl
w

Z = _ Z flHI.
H@ = H_ @ fiIfl
w

Tfl< = Tfl_ < flHI.

_@ = _ @ fiIfl
w
 78 fl

.in
K-
Ifl fi -fl H. _ H E
__ @fi _ fl _ (fi

at
_) Ifl Vp . ,
k fi fi k _ k fl_
Vp fi, H _ (flfi) k fl Ifl

ar
fi Vp .
, , Cfl, >fl, Cfl, fl flfi
.
uj
= ()
>fl = >fl ()
ug
= ()
>fl = >flfi ( fifl)
Cfl = Cfl_ (fl )
ar

Cfl = _ (fi_) Cfl

fl = () fl
Cfl fi_ fi Cfl .
.m

K fi fl_ Ifl fi A_ fl.

I fi fl @ fl fi
. kfi _ k fi k fl Vp
w

fi fi .
K _ Kfl fl_ fl_ .
w

3. -
fi _ H __ Ifl _ fi_ kfl
. ,
w
 flfi flfi 79

.in
fl = fi fl H fl O fl ()_ .
= _ fifl = fi fifl
fi = fi Lfifl = fi fifl

at
fi_ V_h fl @_fi __
fi. @_ O H flfi fl .

ar
,
fl ( fi_ H .)
fi (fl Cfifi_ H .)
uj
Cflfl (BHfi_ H .)
_ (flP fifi_ H .)
ug
4. fl -
_ E H-Wfi fi-fi
__ . L fl fi_ kflfi H fl
ar

fl fl . ,
rfl = (H) rfl (W-_i)
Cfl = C (H) fl (W-_i)
.m

Cp = C (H) p (W - _i)
@_ E fi-fi __ . ,
_ = _ _ ; =
w

fi _ fi fi flH fl_
.
w

fl _ fl H Hfi Vfi _A
H H _ . _ _A H
w

fi kfl _i Ifl fi fi . .
 80 fl

.in
fiflh, _h, WH, fi, hfi, pH, _,
fi_ H _ _A .
_i flfi fl fl . .

at
fiflh = fiflhfi _h = _ hfi
WH = fl Hfi _ = fl fi

ar
_, _<_ _ _A fl_ H
O L fi_ H fi . ,
_ = fl fi ()
__< uj
= fl _ fi ()
fi fl_ fi Kfi_ fl.
ug
5.
fl . fl h
_fi UO fi flfi fi Hfi
ar

fl fl .
>__, E H-Wfi __ , @ __
fi V fi H fl fl Ifl
.m

.
fi \
= (H) (_i W) = fl. H
w

fi - fl O- fi.
fi fi
w

fi_ = fi fi (_ )
k = k fi_ ( T@)
w
 flfi flfi 81

.in
= fi ( T@)
_ = fl fi (fl-)
fl = fl fi (fl)

at
fl_ = fl fi .
_ L fi_ H .

ar
fl fi
>e, >fi, {, HB, fl, _fl^ , fi,
flk, C_, Tfl,
uj
flfi fi _, fl, fl, fl, , _,
Ifl, Ifl, fi IIfl .
ug
HB fi , h _ . ,
H B fi_ - fl fi.
_, - K . () fi _,
ar

(fl )fi .
fi - Ofi_ _fi C _ _ .
.m
E

S
w
w
w
 82 fl

.in
fl@-
H fl_ fl fi O U _Y
.

at
, flfl, , , H>H, -,
, __, >>, flfl, fl_fl fl fl fi

ar
O_ Kfi Ofi C .
C fl@ Cfi fl@ . fi fl@- H
.
uj
_flHfi p fl@- ZH .
() wfi fl@
ug
{{, , , , , , flfl, ,
, HH, HH, HH, , , , flfl,
__, , , ,
() @fl Cfi KfilH .
ar

, , H>H, , \_\_,
, , __, , , ,
.m

, , flfl, fl>fl, fifi, {

() _fi I fi fl@
1. flfl, flfl, >>, , , ,
, flfl, , , ,
w

C E _ .
2. , , fifi, fiflfifl, flfl, ,
w

flfl, TE, , , _
fl@ .
w
 flfi flfi 83

.in
3. flfl, flfl, fifi,_ , fl fl ,_ ,_ ,_
_, , CflCfl, , fifi,
_ I fl@ .

at
4. >_, S_S, fl_fl, fl_fl, _, _, -
_ fl@ .

ar
5. _ Cfi fl@
_, _, H, fi_, H,
_, , , HH
(C) _fi C fl@
uj
fifi, flfl, , fi,
ug
, fifi,
() _ C _ fl@
, , , H>H, ,
\\, , , __, E_EE_,
ar

, flfl
() _ C _ fi H _fi
.m

flfl, flfifl, , fl>fl, flfl, __,

, {, , , , fl{,
fi flfl@-fi_ _fi C _ _ .
w
E

S
w
w
 .in
flH - 6

at
_
_ _ H. O_ fi Ofi _I H fi

ar
Ofi H Ifl fi _ H _ Vfl-T_fi_
flfl flfi fi _ .
_V_ _fi y fi Vfl Ifl
uj
U . + = , rfl +
E = rflE, + = , fl + L = flL.
ug
@_ Vfl C Vfl fi @_ Vfl
fi .
fl_ _fi fi fl fi. I O
Ifl fi O_fi _I + z Zfl_ flfi _
ar

fi. fifi, fifl, flfi, H O _

fi fl . fi Cfi _I fi fi Cfi
z T _ fifi _ fi.
.m

fl fi O_ H _ fi.
_, fl fi _V fi fl Y . _
OC_, fl_ fl O . _ @_
w

I @_ V_h O H Ofi_ _flH

H Ofi fl _ Hfl
w

wfl fi .
_V_ _ fl (1) @_ Vfl T
84
w
 _ 85

.in
Ifl _ . (2) @_ T_fi T Ifl _
. (3) @_ T_fi Vfl _ (4) @_
Vfl-T_fi _ _ .

at
_fi fl _ ,
(1) Vfl _ (2) T_fi _ fl.

ar
flfi __ _fi H Vfl . Ffl
flfi __ Vfl-T_fi, T_fi-Vfl .
(1) WH + fl -_ Ofi _ Vfl ,
uj
Ofi Zfl_ Vfl . _fi WHfl _L O
fi .
ug
(2) _fl + I -_ Ofi _ T_fi (2) ,
Ofi fl_ Vfl () . _fi _flI O fi .
fiV + -_ Cfi _ fi Cfi fl_ T_fi
. _fi fiV O fi . @_ Zflfi T_fi_ _L
ar

flfl H . fiV + fl = fiflfl V + =

.
.m

_fi fi H_ . Hfi
Vfl-T_fi _ Hfl , H fi _ Hfl fi.
,, , , , , , , , , , - Vfl , ,
hH V Vfl , , , , - hH C Vfl . V Vfl
w

C Vfl fi Q wfl fi .
__ _ H _ Vfl Ifl
w

Vfl Ifl _ H . @ @ Vfl

H fi @-@ Vfl H H_ .
w
 86 fl

.in
fi, , ; / , ; / , - Vflfi_
_ fi_ H.
fi. , ,fi Z - ,

at
H.
fl fi fi_ Ofi Vfl-T_fi fi H \

ar
fl Q fi L_. Ofi _ T_fi_ Vfl
_ fi .
+ fl _ Ofi _ T_fi , Ffl + fi
uj
_ Ofi _ (V) .
Vfl Ofi fl_ . Ifl fi
ug
_ fi H fl . Ffl Vflfi_ -
Zflfi_ Vfi _ __ H flfl .
H Vfl-_fi fi _ H.
Vfl-_
ar

1. Vfl Ifl _fi C

Vfl fi .
.m

Vfl fi F .
+ ; + ; + ; + + ; + ;
fl H . I + , + ; + ;
+ ; + + + w.
w

(1) + =
+ = + Zfl = Zfl
w

WH + fl = WHfl + =
+ j = Vh
w
 _ 87

.in
fi + fl = fifl
+ = w + Z = wZ
H + fi_ = Hfi_ kfl + fl = kflfl

at
+ _fl = _fl + _ = _
_ + _ fiVfl .

ar
(2) + =
+ fl = fl + fi_ = fi_

uj
fl + fi_ = flfi_ I + = I
+ flH = flH T + I = TI
ug
k + _Z = k_Z + fi_ = fi_
(3) + =
z + P = zP + _ = _
+ = + _fl = _fl
ar

z + a = za I + H = IH
(4) + =
.m

+ = + =
z + = z + fi_ = fi_
+ I = I _ + fl = _fl
w

(5) +=
fl + L = flL fl + L = flL
w

F + L = FL + L = L
+ L = L fi + L = fiL
w
 88 fl

.in
(6) + =
+ Z = Z + rfl = rfl
fl + Z = flZ fl + = fl

at
(7) + =
+ E = E

ar
(8) + =
flfi + = flfi Z + = Z
fi + = fi
(9) + =
+ @ = @
uj flC + k = flCk
ug
fi + = fi
(10) + =
_ + = _
ar

fi + = fi
2. Vfl Ifl fi _
(1) Ifl _fi
.m

+ L = L V + E = VE
+ L = L fifl + L = fiflL
fl + rfl = flrfl fifl + = fifl
w

fl + = fl + =
(2) .
w

+ = + kfl = kfl
+ k = k fl + E = flE
w
 _ 89

.in
+ = + =
z + k = zk + I = I
+ = + =

at
fi + = fi
3. . fi fi H Vfl ( , , , , ,

ar
, ) - fi R _ fi
Vfl fl
.
uj
fi fi H Vfl Ifl -fi
fi _ fi Vfl fl.
(1) - - L Vfl = R
ug
+ _fl = P_fl V + _fl = VI_fl
+ Z = IZ + fi = Pfi
+ fl = Ifl + I = KI
ar

+ = P + kfl = Ikfl
+ = I
.m

(2) - fi fi Vfl = T
+ E = VE + S = VS
fi + _fl = L_fl fi + Z = LZ
w

fi + H = LH + = I
4. - =
w

+ H = WH h + H = hH
+ = + =
w
 90 fl

.in
fl + @ = fl@ I + @ = I
5. - =
H + = H + =

at
fl + = fl + =
fi + = fi

ar
6. - fl
+ = + =
+ = + =
T_fi-_ uj
T_fi-_fi VH Vfl_fi Vp fi_ _
ug
Cfl . _ fih _ H , , ,
Vfl C T_fi Ifl fi , B, .
() Vfl fi
ar

+ = B-
+ _fl = _fl, + = ,
+ = B
.m

fi B + H = BH
M + fi = MBfi
() I , , L, S Ifl H .
w

I + flh = Eflh, I + fi_, = Efi_,

I + fl = Efl
w

I + = F,
I + fifi = Ffifi I + fi = Ffi
w
 _ 91

.in
I + fi = B I + fi_ = _
I + fi = Sfi I + _Cfi = S_Cfi
() I Vfl C T_fi = fi .

at
I + fifl = fifl I + fl = fl
I + fl_ = fl_ I + B = B

ar
I + H = H I + =
flI + = flI / fl
(C) V fi _ fi Vfl Ifl V fi W .
+
fi + _
=
= fi
uj
_
+ V@ = @
+ =
ug
() fi fi fl L fi H .
+ fi = H fl + fi = flH
fl + fi = flH + fi = H
ar

fl + fi = flH fl + fi = flH
fl + fi = flH
() fi .
.m

+ _h = h_ , + H = WH
-_
() , A, , N fi .
w

fiV H @_ fi w fl .
fi + = fiW fi + = fiW
w

fi + = fiW fi + flH = fiWflH

fi + H = fiWH fi + Z = fiWZ
w
 92 fl

.in
() fi _ fi C T_fi fi
.
fi + fl = fifl + fi = fi

at
fi + fl = fifl fl + H = flH
+ H = H fi + flQ = fiflQ

ar
() fi , fi Vfl fi Vfl C
T_fi fi fl .
fi + = fifl fi + fl = fiflfl
fi +
fi + fi
uj
= fi
= fifi
fi + _ = fi_
fi + = fi
ug
fi + = fi fi + = fi
fi + j = fij fi + =
(C) I fi V .
ar

+ fl = Vfl fi + = fiV
fi _L Ofi_ _fi C _ _
fl H, H, fi fl, fi, B,
.m

\_ fi .
Vfl_ Ofi_ fi_ Vfl Vfl L
fi_ U fi.
w
E

S
w
w
 .in
flH - 7

at
fl fi_ O_
fl fi_ O_ _ Q , _ Kfl H

ar
. O fi _Vfi z . fi_ O_ -
fi flHflH, fifi, j_fl, fl .
fi fl fi O_fi ZH
.
1. I O / O
uj
ug
fl _V_ fl fi O__
fi O VH fl . fl fi
fl fi fl Ofl Y (1) I O (_V)
(2) O (_V)
ar

(1) I fi . flfi fifiw _V

. _Vfi O fi KfiVw_ fl flfl Q
.m

fi fl_ fl T .
(2) _ . O _V_
_ fl flfi Y . fi _fl _ fl
Ofi KfiVw_ flfl fl Qfi T
w

Ofi O .
O flfi _V_ flfl
w

H Vfl fi
H .
93
w
 94 fl

.in
_Vfi flw I O H .
, , Bfi, ifi, U, , z, , fi,
fifl, fifl, fi>, fi, fiV, , fl, i,

at
flH, E, kH, k, fl, z, , , _, _, , _,
ZH, , , fl, p, V, Z, , , W, W, _,
fi, , z, fl, , flfi, ZH, , fi, , V,

ar
,T@, T, , W, L, , l, Up, r, I, _,
, V, x, V, I.
2. _V O
uj
Lfl _ fl _ fi KfiVw_ flfl
O. _ _. I O T .
ug
(), (), (Bfi), H (ifi), (z),
fi (fi), fi< (fi>), (), H (i),
(z), (), _ (_), (), _H (_), _
(ZH), fl (), (V), (W), flfi (flfi), H
ar

(ZH), fl (), _ (), <_ (W), fi_ (L),

(I), _Cfl (_), (V), (x) fl.
fi O
.m

fl, fl, fl, fl, fl, fl, , fl, fi,

fl, , , , , fl, fl, flfi, fi, fl,
fl, H, fl, , fl, yfl, , , , fl, fi,
w

l, fifi, fl, , fl, fl.

3. U ifi O
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_ fl fi _ fl
.
uj
1. flfl, flfi_ L_ !
ug
2. ! fl _ !
3. ! fifl_ !
IZfi T@ Ifl H fi

ar

1. H fl fi !
2. _ H !
.m

3. H V_ fi !
4. Sfl (,)
H flfi I_ fl
w

Sfl.
() @fl @_ _ fi. @fi _
, @fi_ fi fl .
w

(1) _, fl, fl, h, fi flfi

fi .
w
 flXfi 125

.in
(2) V, \ V, fi
H .
(3) ZH p, _V p, fl p

at
p fi_ flH ZO .
@_ fi, , fl, , ,
fi _ Sfl fi _.

ar
() flH fi @ Sfl .
, _ I_ _.

uj
, fi _ ?
_L , , fl <_fi !
() _fi O Sfl Q_ .
ug
fl, .
, fi .
fi, fi fl_ _ fl.
ar

, _ fi ?
(C) , fi, , , _, , O @fl_
.m

Ifl O Sfl .
1. , _ wfl .
2. fi, _ fi fl_.
3. , fi ?
w

4. , wfl .
() _ fi _ fl Sfl
w

1. fi _ , fl fi wfl fi.
2. fl_ fl , H Cfl S_ .
w
 126 fl

.in
Sfl fi H . ,
h fl H H l fl
BIfi .

at
H, fl_, _, _, flH _
Sfl wfl fi . ,

ar
1. fi T, H T fi.
2. _ I_ E\_ \_, fl_ fi.
3. _, _ fi fi.
uj
4. fi, /flH _ .
(5) fl (;)
ug
() @_ _fi fl CH_ @ _
Ifl fi_ fi fl_ flfi .
(1) ; _ fl _; fl TV V .
ar

(2) lh za _{; fi _ { fi;

kflh fi .
.m

() flVfi_ fiwH fl_ CH_ @ _

Ifl fi_ fi fl ; ,
H fl ; fi ; fl fl_
_; >fl_ _ _; fifl fl_ _; fifl_
w

C fi H _fl_fl .
(6) flfl ()
w

fi fl H . H_ H_ fi_
T L_ fi_ H . fl fl, Hfl fi .
w
 flXfi 127

.in
() A @ -@fi _ _ fi
fl_ Ifl A @fi flfl .
(1) H hfi _ h flfl ?

at
(2) H_ fl_ H fi _ fi.
(3) fi S_ fi H.

ar
(4) _ fi_ fl .
() A fi_ fi fi O
@ flfl .
uj
(1) _ I, _, fi .
(2) H fl H, Zh, U fi .
ug
(3) H _ _ I_ @fl fi.
_ H E flfl .
(1) B, \, , fl .
ar

(2) fl fi fi_ .
(3) F fi @Tfi .
(4) fi @Tfi fi fl_
.m

H flfl
T fl fl_ fi_
_k ,
w

(1) Cfl (-)

() O_ F_ C \_ fi wfl H
w

I_ Cfl (-) fl
fl-fl, -_, -_, -, -,
w
 128 fl

.in
-flH, - fi, IZ - , fl-
() _ fi Ofi fi
Cfl fl fi _ fi _ , ,

at
- _ - fifi-
_

ar
(2) flfl ()
@_ @_ Vp fl flH flfi_ Ifl
flHfi flfl fl_ .

fi.
uj
(1) fl fi
_ fifl ------
ug
(2) _ _ - I_ fi
?
() fi Vfi fl_
ar

(1) ZH_ flflHfi.

(2) fi _ fi <.
.m

(3) Lfi _
(3) flH (....)
@fi _fi \ fl fi .
w

(1) flV _, fifi fiVfl fi

fifi
w

(2) _ H.
(3) fi_ fl T.
w
 flXfi 129

.in
fi _ _ _ fi H flH_
_ .
flV_ fiflfi fi H _ ?

at
flV_fi _fi_ T _ .
(4) ( )

ar
() @_ fl _ Vp flfi Ifl
fi .
fiflfi (flV_)
uj
T_ fl O ()fi H fi.
() _ Zfl _fi Hflfi fl fl
ug
fi_ flH fl fl ;
(1), (2), (3), (), (), (), (A), (b), (c)
fl.
ar

() fi_ fifi fi _ fi_ Ifl

_ fi _ .
(fi fl fl )
.m

fl (fi ) _.
(5) H
() fi_ O_fi Zflfi .
w

(1) Y.
(2) fl, _ ?
w

(3) @ fi
(4) fi_ _ H...
w
 130 fl

.in
() flfi_ _ fi Kfl
fl _ .
2 - 8 - 35 ; 17 - 12 99 fl

at
(6) _ (hH _...)
() fi fl_ .

ar
(1) ...
(2) fi fi _ ...
() fifi S .
uj
(1) ... fl Ufi .
ug
(2) fl fi ... h .
() O H_ fi .
(1) ... fi fi fl.
ar

fi fi e ( fi )
fi_ fl _ fl _ fi
fl fi fi C .
.m

,
W<_
_fl . fi .
w

V fl Kfi fl fi _ fi
I_ _ fl e .
w

fi fi fi fi . \ _
... .
w
 flXfi 131

.in
H fl fl
(1) _ _ @_ ;
Hfl, l, fl

at
(2) flfi fi_ L @_ _ fi.
(3) _ fifi fl fl .

ar
Hfl, l, fl _.
(4) _ flHfi fl fl .
flH , .
uj
(5) _ fifi fl fl .
Sfl, fl, Cfl.
ug
(6) _ Vfi fl fl .
flfl.
ar E

S
.m
w
w
w
 .in
flH - 9

at
@flfi_
@_ fi fi_ fl_ . @_ h

ar
fi fi fi fi . flfi
@flfi_ fi _ , fi . fi_ -

uj
fl_ L flfi fl fl_ H ; _
H fi_ . , @_ Ffl fl_ fl
_ Ifl fi LLfi Vfi H Kfi_
ug
fl .
@_ @_ , @_ fi fi TV fi
. I H _, H TV .
ar

fi fl fifl fi _ .
fi-_ _ fi . _ flfifi_
H flfi fi I I_ fi .
.m

@_ _ fi fl Hfi fi
fi H . __ fl .
_ H. fl _ _i
, I saw fire. saw (fire) T_
w

. fi @ fi. [ you ] Fire !

fire fl _ . , Q_
w

flfifi_ H fi fi Analytic fp
. _ flfi fiH @_ fi Vfi fl
w

132
 @flfi_ 133

.in
. _ fi_ aflH fi @_ Vfifi fl
.
_ fi_ k _ fi.

at
II wAfiI . @_fi _ fi
I _ fi I fiy , I
-fi fiH fl_ I fl fi . @flfi_

ar
fi H fi fi. fifi_ _V-
@ _ fi fl .

uj
Cfifi L
Cfifi L
Cfifi L
ug
Cfifi L
L Cfifi
F_ h Ifi fl @Cfi flfi fiH
ar

fi fp Synthetic .
fifi_ fl @_ \.
.m

(1) fl fl_ fifi. (2) fl fl_ fifi.

@_ fl fifi , _ , _
fifi _ . @fi _V_ _
H fi . fl FW | fl
w

FW
fl_ @_ I_ , fi \.
w

fiflfi ( , fifl )
fiflfi (__ fi)
w
 134 fl

.in
@_ -fi fiH I fl
fi, flfi @flfi_ L
H A H

at
(1) @_ _ .
(1) fl ZHfi . ()

ar
(2) _ {fi H .
(2) @_ L fl S .
flfi_ @_ , _ S_ .
uj
(3) flH, flH ___ _ _
fi fi E .
ug
[ flfi ] {fi H .
flH, { , H (A)
fl fl _ {fi H
ar

. flH
(4) - __ fi __ _ fi
L fl fi .
.m

() H-W _ . H _ Wfi
, fi _ . @_ kfi
, H-Wfi Vfi fi ,
w

Hfi_ Vfi _ .
1. fi_ A_ C
w

H/W
A fi_ C .
w
 @flfi_ 135

.in
2. _fi ^fi fl
H W
^fi _fi fl

at
3. fi fl fi .
H W

ar
fi fi fl .
. W
4.
uj
_ fi fl .
. W
ug
_ fi ... ( fi V)
() H _ --flH-fi _
fi .
ar

flfi Cfl fiflfi _ fl fi_ fl_ {fi

kfi fl H .
; flfi fi Cfl fi_ H
.m

flH fiflfi flHfi_ H

fl flH flHfi_ H
{fi fi_, fl_ fi_ H
w

flH kfi flHfi_ H

@_ fl fl fi
w

Hfi_ fl , fi _ fi H
.
w
 136 fl

.in
() w (@_ fi _ifi _ )
_ HI Wfi .
fi_ fl_ . () fi fl fl_

at
fl flfi . (flfi )fi_ .
(C) H _A, H H . _

ar
H Wfi .
(1) fl. (_A)
(2) fifi fl. (H)
uj
(3) flH_ Cb_ . (H)
@_ hH H _ ? fi
ug
H .
1. _ _ _fl Z _.
Z W
ar

_fl H H.
_ H.
.m

h. {U ytsu [t{zte, yuf, tfze u hee.

wt[f (kt) (wt[f) (ru).
u fu yu{tk {rhou yft Au, su{ fu,
w

ft[e he{tk ytxwk wk h{ e ht.

ft[e he{tk h{ e ytxwk wk ht.
w

yn rhotu yft Au.

nut t{t ytxwk, wk, h{, t ruttu Au.
w
 @flfi_ 137

.in
. t{tk eu yuf tUtt { u rtrut yu rttu Au :
(1) hert[f rtrut t{tL heu rte h s
quo ytu Au.

at
tt{ehtu htus thu {ut{tk zte tuzt ntu Au.
her. rtrut

ar
(h) Mtt[f yu {t[f rtruttu hert[fe
quo ytu.
yu yturV{tk [t etu te. (yL ewk eyu Au.)
uj
yu [t yturV{tk etu te. (nth eyu Au.)
yt{, rtrutt MttVuhu yft Au. yutte ytoAtt
ug
te ut Au.
(1) yu htus ftuus [ttu ytu Au (eS heu yttu te.)
({) (Mt) (her)
ar

yu ftuus htus [ttuu ytu Au. (yufu r tn{tk

yttu te.)
.m

yu [ttu htus ftuus ytu Au. (yufu r tztu te.)

(h) tufh yturVu thu [ttu ytu Au.
(tuhu eS heu ytu Au.)
w

tufh thu yturVu [ttu ytu Au.

(esu tn{tk Au.)
w

u fu fto-f{ot {{tk t s fthtu nuhVuh tE fu Au htu.

yt, yu{ fhtte tkf uytoth ttu stu.
w
 138 fl

.in
{U uu yt tto fne ne.
uu {U yt tto fne ne.
yt tto {U uu fne ne.

at
yt tto uu {U fne ne.
6. ktut{f ntu tu yu ftoe quo ytu Au :

ar
ttS, nwk uh Wk ?
uxt, (wk) t[eu ssu.
tu, ({u) {tht h t fhtu !
uj
7. WTtht[ftu t{tk nutk ftoquo ytu. (fto ytnth
ntu)
ug
tt ! (U) nw h ft{ fwO !
tntn ! yu fuwk h t Au !
8. t{tueytu t{e h s tA ytu Au :
ar

ux th uX fhe zu. / h tA tzt{tk fqtu Au.

9. yL fthe ft{ehe fhtk xftutu { :
.m

(f) rttu () &ttof tu () rtut[ftu (4) ktusftu.

s rt : t{tk su wk {n towk ntu ue Ae s
ytu.
{u s Vu Vqtu nw {u. ({tht rt eu n)
w

{u Vu s Vqtu nw {u. (Vu rttk {u)

{u Vu Vqtu s nw {u. (eswk {u u hkwk ntu u [tu)
w

{u Vu Vqtu nw s {u. (thu ztk {u)

{u Vu Vqtu nw {u s. ( {u yu{ n.)
w
 @flfi_ 139

.in
thq[f ntuE s {tu uo.
nwk t ttu. nwk t ttu (ktusf)
hwk yuu {u ftwk hwk. (rt) (the tou)

at
yuu hwk fth ftwk n (hwk rut ru fth)
tu yu t tu ttu. (rt) (rut n, t)

ar
tk[tu tu t ttu (ktusf) (ht[f)
nwk tu sttu. (eswk ftuE fu )

uj
yu M{te tu ntu. (eswk fkE ntu fu ntu)
ug E

S
ar
.m
w
w
w
 .in
flH - 10

at
fl @flfi_ _
t{tk yuf fhtk thu tu ytu Au thu t{tkwk fwk

ar
yL ft ttu kk htu Au u wk sYhe Au. t{tk
yttk ftuE u tu [u fu [e t{tk {u fu
yuftft ntuu Au. {ut ytt r{tu fu Mttu kt fnu
uj
Au. ykuS{tk yuu Agreement fnu Au.
wshtee tfh[tytu{tk tk ktwk ft{ fhwk
ug
ntu tk, yuf ywth eswk t tu u fu [t
tu u. eS heu fneyu tu ftkf ftowk su ntu u rtwk
ntu; tkf ruwk su ntu u rutwk ntu.
[e t{tk yttu s {u ntu.
ar

wshtee tfh[tytu{tk e[ue tu ktwk

ft{ fhu Au.
.m

(1) fto yu rt [u [-tu {u ntu Au.

t{tk ytt ftotk yu [ {tu s rt [tu
Au. yttk ttu{tk ftoe tt ntuE rt fto {tu s
yu [t tu u Au.
w

(1) Atufhtu tuztu. (wk.) Atufhe tuze.

(Mte) Atufhwk tuzwk. (wk.)
w

(h) Atufht tuzt (..) Atufheytu tuze. (..)

Atufhtk tuztk. (..)
140
w
 fl @flfi_ _ 141

.in
ke Qzwk. / wk. / keytu Qztk. (wk. ..) / fqhtu tuztu
ntu. (wk.yu..)
fqht tuzt nt (wk...) fqhwk tuzwk nwk. (wk. yu. .)

at
fqhtk tuztk ntk (wk. ..)
yuf wk nwk. (wk.yu..) / yuf ft[tu ntu. (wk.yu..) /

ar
yuf rftue ne. (Mte yu..)
kt yrfthe ktt-ruttutk -[ t{tk Wfthf
ezu Au. yn kttwk fu rutwk fu [ ftk tu ru tht
fu rt tht q[t Au. uj
Vq tu z w k , tu z w k . rt q ft yu w k f
ug
yuf[wk ntuE Vq ktt yuf[ s tou Au; thu Vq tuztk
- yn rt wk. ..{tk ntuE Vq ktt .. tou Au. ttu
tou Au.
ar

Vu, w sutk ruttu yrfthe Au. yu rutk -[

{tu s kt tou.
.m

Vu xtue Vu Mte / Vu ftux Vu wk

(h) f{o yu rt [u {u :
t{tk yttk rttu f{o {tu fu [t tu u.
w

su{ fu,
{U tu ttu. / {U fuhe te. / {U fuwk twk.
w

tto e. / tX tktu. / u fwO.

[t tt. / futk ttk / ttf ttu.
w
 142 fl

.in
yt kt yrfthe kttytutk -[ t{tk Wfthf
ezu Au. su{ fu,
qh ftkwk / qe ftke / Q ftkwk. /

at
t tu. / tX tktu. / yto ftuo. / ytk {qfwk.
e[u sue fuxef h[tytu{tk t{tL heu kte t{tk

ar
qtu te ut {u. e[utk t w{tu swytu :
(f) {nu tE{tk Mte Ltu. / {nu tE{tk Mte e.
() hut txf{tk tufh Ltu. / hut txf{tk tufh e.
uj
yt ku ttu{tkte fwk t t[wk yutu ro fu{ fhtu ?
ro fhtu nutu Au.
ug
yn rtu ftu qAtu yu stYu su {u u
{ws s rt [tu. yt h[tytu ftot Au, yu{tk ftoe s
tt ntuE rt fto {tu s ntuu.
ar

{nu.... Ltu yu hut.... e. yu totk ttu s

t[tk.
(3) rut-ru [utu kt :
.m

t{tk rut hefu yttk tu yut rutk -[

{tu s kt htu. ruwk su yu s rutwk ntu
fu ruwk su [ u s rutwk [ ntu. su{ fu,
w

htwk r. / httuu tuztu / hte t / htwk Vq / htt

r{tht/ httk fztk uhu.
f]ktu ruttue ft{ehe fhu tk yttu s kt ntu.
w

tuztu Atufhtu / hze Atufhe / h{wk tf / tk fqhtk/

hztk Ztuh.
w
 fl @flfi_ _ 143

.in
yuf Atufhtu / u Atufht / yuf wk / u tk
nttuo swthe / {tt {un / utu ft / tk[ue tto/
fhuwk ft{.

at
e[utk ruttu yuf[ s tou yute yue ttu uzte
ktt yuf[{tk s ytu.

ar
nhuf {t yttu y{ fhu tu... nhuf {ttu tuxwk.
huf rtteo u fheu ytu. huf rtteoytu tuxwk.

uj
uf f{o[the t{tk htu fu. uf f{o[theytu tuxwk.
su yu u yu u ktusftu rute ft{ehe fhu thu
ug
yu{tu kk ru ttu ntuE, ru {tu s u ytu.
yuxu fu sYh {ws uu fu u{u ytu.
su W{uth (yuf[) uXtu Au uu (yuf[) ykh {tuftu.
su W{uthtu (nw[) uXt Au u{u (nw[) ykh {tuftu.
ar

rut n{utk rue quo s ytu. {w yu tit kku

uzttk ttu{tk, {w t{tk ru ytnth hne fu Au yu
.m

tk ti ttu ru {qfe ft Au.

[tuwk : Uwk [tuwk e. (Mefto) [tue Uwk e.
(yMefto)
w

tutk fqhtu / thtk futk / {tuxtk {ttu

yt{ Atk, t{tk ru hefu yttk ruttu rue
Ae ytu Au. su{ fu,
w

fqhtu tutk Au / futk {tuxtk yu thtk Au.

rt the Au.
w
 144 fl

.in
e[utu kt tuxtu Au :
yze ftf : ftf wk ntuE rut wk{tk
ntu. yztu ftf yu{ uEyu.

at
wk t fhe : t Mte {txu wk Mte{tk ntu.
e t fhe yu{ uEyu.

ar
wk Ets / Wt : tu Ets, tu Wt yu{ uEyu.
wshte{tk wk ot{ Au, Atk yu ktte quo ytu thu
rute s ft{ehe fhu Au yu t{tk ru ttu s kt
htu Au. uj
tu Vttu / t Vtt / e ft{ehe / wk ft{ / tu st
ug
yt s heu fwk kt htu.
fe t fhe te. / fwk [s] ft{ twk n. / ftu s
st te.
ar

(4) rtrut-ftotk -[ u.
t{tk yttk rtrute s ft{ehe fhtk ntu thu
.m

yu ftotk yu [ {ws kt tou Au.

{nu{ttu tze{tk Qt Qt ytt.
W{k thu nutu yttu. W{t Aue yte.
w

n Vttu tu. wk ytu[wk tuzwk.

Atufhtu tuztu yttu. Atufhe tuze yte.
w

tufh {tuztu yttu / ft{te {tuze yte / q {tuzwk ytwk. /

tftu {tuztk tk.
w
 fl @flfi_ _ 145

.in
() f]ktu yu rtYtu Au, yu rt hefu; rtrut hefu;
fu rut hefu httk ntu Au. yute yu{tu kt Wh
toue ttu {tu s ntu.

at
f]ktu rt hefu : kt 1t {wtwth
f]ktu rtru. hefu : kt 4tt {wtwth

ar
f]ktu rut hefu : kt 3 {wtwth
Wtnh : Atufhtu tuztu ntu / tk tuztk ntk (f]ktu
rt hefu )

r. hefu)
uj
Atufhtu tuztu yttu. / Atufhe tuze yte (f]ktu r.
ug
tu fqhtu / t fqht (f]ktu ru. hefu)
ktusftute uzttk tu yu kt
t{tk utk tu ife y{wf tu t{tktk ek y{wf
ar

tu {tu s -[ tou Au. yu u tu [u e t{tk

fu [e t{tk yufYt fu {u ntu Au. {ut ytt r{tuu
kt fnu Au. kt tht t{tkwk fwk yL e ft
.m

ttu {u tou Au u e ft Au. t{tk {ut r{tu fE-

fE tu yu ftk-ftk uo Au yu yku tkt{tk r[tht tE
Au.
yn tr{f tu ktusfte uzt thu rt ttu fu yL
w

ftuE tu futu kt tou Au u ttu W{ Au.

wshte th[tytu{tk (1) fto-rt (h) f{o-rt
w

(3) rut-ru (4) fto-rt rut [u {u ntu Au.

su{ fu,
w
 146 fl

.in
(1) Atufhtu tuztu. Atufhe tuze. Atufhwk tuzwk. Atufht tuzt.
Atufhtk tuztk. yt ttu{tk fto rt ttu -
[e tu {u htu Au.

at
(h) {U fuwk twk. fuhe te. tu ttu. [t tt. tuh
ttk. yn f{o yu rte [u {u Au.
(3) rtteo {tuztu yttu. tze {tuze yte. q {tuzwk ytwk.

ar
ttu {tuzt ytt. Vqtu {tuztk yttk. yt tk ttu
ftotu rtrut t{utu {u tou Au.

uj
(4) tutu tuztu, tue t, tuwk Vq, tut zt, tutk
tk. yt {qntu rut-ru [u {u tu Au.
Whe h[tytu{tk fto-f{o-ru ytr yuf-yuf s Au,
ug
fuxef th[tytu yue ntute fu yu{tk fto hefu t{trf
ntu, fto hefu u kttytu yu yu ftuE ktusfte uztE ntu,
yu{ f{o hefu u fu ute thu tu ftuE ktusfte uzttk ntu
ar

thu yu{e [u kt futu ntu u yn towk Au.

1. fto hefu t{trf ntu, sutk fu,
ht{{, rtoe, VVq.
.m

(f) yt {ttue ku kttytu {w[tu yto ytu Au yuxu

rt Mttrfu nw[{tk s ntu yu e[u {ws kt to.u
(f) ht{{ {te ku kttytu we ntu tu ue
w

ttu kkr rt w nw[{tk s ntu. su{ fu,

ht{{ st nt. tufh[tfh st htt.
w

() rtoe {te kttytu swt swt e Au. rt

e kttytu ntu thu rt wkf nw[{tk
s ytu.
w
 fl @flfi_ _ 147

.in
rtoe stk ntk. ht{et {tk tk.
() yn ku kttytu wkfe ntu tu rt wkf
nw[{tk s ytu. VVq

at
yt tou VVq thtk yttk.
() e[ue h[tytu yte heu kt htu Au :-

ar
1. ehtuqhe ttk. h. fuheiwk ku thtk ntk.
3. tu[t tt. 4. ytwnh ttk uEyu.
fto-f{o totk tu : ktusfte uzt thu
uj
(1) u, yu, tt, u{s yt [th ktusftu {w[-
t[f ntutte fto-f{o nw[ tou Au, yute yu{tu kk towk
ug
rt nw[{tk s ytu. yu{e [u kt e[u {ws ntu :
(f) ku we kttytu ntu thu rt w nw[{tk
s ytu. su{ fu,
ar

ht{ yu { {tk t. (fto-rttu kt)

{U ehtu yu { tt. (f{o-rttu kt)
() ku Mtee kttytu ntu thu rt Mte
.m

nw[{tk ntu. su{ fu,

{tt yu {{t se ne. / {tttuo : stk-ntk yu
Yu ytu.
w

u yu [te sztk n.
eS h[t {t{tk w ht Au.
u yu [te ftk {qftk Au ?
w

u yu uL te sztk ?
{t yu efhe ftk [ttk ?
w
 148 fl

.in
() ku wkfe kttytu ntu thu rt wkf
nw[{tk s ytu. su{ fu,
fqhwk yu wk tuztk ntk. (fto-rttu kt)

at
{U [efw yu fuwk ttk n. (f{o-rttu kt)
() ku kttytu rt rt e ntu thu rt wk.

ar
..{tk ytu Au.
{U Xht yu te tktk te.
Qkx yu t tuztk ntk.
uj
r yu toe uXtk ntk.
{U ehtu yu qhe ttk.
ug
yte s heu u, tt u{s ktusfte uztue kttytu
Whe heu s kt htu Au.
h. fto-f{o totk tu e[u sutk rft[f ktusfte uzt
thu.
ar

fu, ytt t, yh yu [th ktusftute uzte kttytu

e[u {ws kt tou Au :
.m

ktusf rft[f ntuE rt ktusf Aee ktt {tu

- [t tu u.
{U Xht fu te tk[e te.
{uk te fu Xhttu tkt te.
w

uh{tk fhwk fu Qkx uXtu te.

uh{tk Qkx fu fhwk uXwk te.
w

{U [w fu uL ee te.
{U [te fu twk uwk te.
w
 fl @flfi_ _ 149

.in
3. nhuf / huf / uf / yufuyuf
yt tu rute ft{ehe fhu Au yu yuf[ s tou Au
rht{u ru n{utk yuf[{tk s ytu Au.

at
uf rtteo hett ytu s.
huf trhfe yu Vhs Au.

ar
nhuf {tu heh t[wk uEyu.
ot yufuyuf rtteoyu Vttu yttu.
4. ru hefu yttk ruttu.
uj
ru hefu ytt rut ttu ft e yu fwk [
toe ktt Au yu kt {txu tUtt Au.
ug
(f) ruYu ytt rut quo ktt we ntu yu yu
su [ toe ntu yu heu s ru -[ tou.
Atufhtu thtu Au. / Atufhe sht {tuxe Au.
ar

{ft {tuxwk nwk. / kt q s {tuxt Au.

{ttu q s tk ntk. / t nt.
tefhtu tut nt. / efhtunw tkfttutk Au.
.m

() ku kttytu yuf s e ntu thu ru yu{tk -

[ {tu ytu. ru nw[{tk s ntu.
(f) we kttytu - ruf w ..{tk
w

() wkfe kttytu : ru wkf ..{tk

() rt e kttytu : ru wkf ..{tk
w

z yu etu nw Qk[t Au.

[efw yu fuwk tk te.
w
 150 fl

.in
zwke yu q {tUtk Au.
tuwk yu [tke Mtk te.
() kkof T fu ythT yu ktttu kt

at
T [t tu u Au ute yu fE kttt
-[ {tu ytu Au u kt {txu tUtt Au.

ar
T tAe kttt -[ {tu s Ytu th fhu.
httu {nu / hte hte
nwf{wk twk / yttk h / t{tk {ttu
uj
he et / htu ytuxtu / htk rtk
{thwk wMf / {thtk wMftu / {the [tuzeytu
ug
ktu ytthu t h[tytu :
kt ytthu th[tt {w u fthtu tze ft :
(1) forh h[tytu yu (h) f{or h[tytu.
ar

ytu kt{tk uE t fu t{tk utk tu ife

y{wf e y{wf ttu {u htu Au. kt tht t{tkt
.m

ft tu yL ft ttu kk Au u e ft Au. yn u
fthe h[tytu yte Au u swytu.
1. h.
nh tuzwk. fqhtu tuztu. fuwk twk. fuhe te.
w

t tuze. uztk tuztk. Aqktu ttu. [t tt.

Wh nu t rte h[tytu { tk rt yu t fto tk
w

[ {ws kt tou Au; thu e rte h[tytu{tk

rt f{o {tu [tu Au.
w
 fl @flfi_ _ 151

.in
yt{, ttu{tk ftoe fu f{oe tt ntu Au. fto fu f{oe
ttu tu fnu Au.
(1) t{tk ftoe tt ntu u forh-tu. yuu fto-fuLe

at
fu ftot h[tytu fnu Au.
ftofuLe fu ftot h[tytu{tk rt n{utk fto ttu s
kt htu Au. yte h[tytu{tk fto ttk rt t;

ar
yu rt ttk fto t s.
tuztu tuztu. nh tuzwk. - yt u ttut fto ttk

ttu kt n s tou. uj
rt t s. tuztu nh ttu yu tuzwk tuztu

(h) t{tk f{oe tt ntu u f{or- tu. yuu f{ofuLe

ug
fu f{ot h[tytu fnu Au.
f{ofuLe h[tytu{tk rt n{utk f{o ttu s kt htu Au.
yte h[tytu{tk f{o ttk rt wk zu fu rt tk
ar

f{o wk zu Au.
{U tf twO. {U e[ze the.
(f{o) (rttu kt)
.m

{u uktu nutuo. {U kze nuhe.

yn nut tt f{oe fu rte e tt f{o-
rte ttu e tE fe te.
w
E

E
w

S
w
 .in
flH - 11

at
C _-_ _
ytu ttte t {ne h[tytu yku {trne {ue

ar
t Aeyu. yk, yu Wrf -yu{ t {ne h[tytu
Au. h[t hefu yk, yu Wrf yuf fhtk thu xftue
ntu Au. yke ttu ykh[t {txut fu h[t {txut tu
uj
ntu Au. Wrf{tk u fu ute thu tu yttk ntu Au. ytte
ft-ft xftu ut t yu ft ft xftu swt t yu yku
ug
t uo Au. yk, yu Wrf{tk tk tk u fu ute thu
xftu ytu tk tk yu{t hMh uzttu & Qtu tt Au.
fuxtf yu{ {tu Au fu y{wf xftu utk eyu fu swtk eyu
yutte tu Vhf zu ? ttte Mtt{tk uwk-swwk t yku ftuE
ar

s Mtt ntu tu yttu & Qtu s tt. yn utk-swtk

tte yr{tk fu yto{tk Vhf zu Au fu n u swytu.
rt -1 rt-h
.m

1. yu erfthu Vht E. yu e rfthu Vht E.

h. tue h th{thtu. tue h th {thtuu.
3. ustth {ttuu u stth {ttuu Aqxt
w

Aqxt fhtu. fhtu.

4. E ftu zh{tk ntu. E ftu z h{tk ntu.
w

. , wtt[tuf{tk uXt nu. , wtt [tuf{tk uXt nu.

152
w
 C _-_ _ 153

.in
6. fhftft fnuu tu s fh ftft fnuu tu s
sE. sE.
7. {thu yts ft{ fhtwk {thu yt s ft{ fhtwk

at
te. te.
8. ht{u { fwk fnut ht{ u { fwk fnut

ar
te. te.
9. rtoee ythe Wthu e toee ythe Wthu
tu... tu...

ytutt.
uj
10 tkextue nuht ute x tke xtue nuht ute x
ytutt.
ug
Wht rt-1 yu rt-he h[tytu ttk yuxwk
stu fu ue te yu swe te h[tytu su yttuo tou Au
yu{tk tu {tuxtu Vhf utE ytu.
tttt kth fu f]r ywth y{wf xftu utk s t
ar

yu y{wf xftu swtk s t. yn utk-swtk ttk xftu yku

{trne ytttu W{ Au.
.m
E

S
w
w
w
 154 fl

.in
_flfi
1. ykh[ttk ku xftu utk s t :

at
yk, f]r fu twu tu tze ytu tk tk yktu
te feyu Aeyu. su{ fu, {s yku tu teu {sw,
{s, {x, t{s, uh{s, y{s sutk tk yktu

ar
u Au. yu{tk yku ftuf ttu Au.
ykh[t {txut su tu ntu yuu yktf tu fnu Au.
yktf tu n{utk yttheo xfe ttu uztEu s t.
uj
su{ fu, W{w, f{e, yt, yt, yr],
hto, uEwk, y{tewk, rhe, shtwk, xttwk,
ug
wt{ehe, nht{tuh, n{ts, yf{k.
ytt tu yke quo ytu fu yke tA ytu. yu
yke ttu uztEu s t.
ttt{tk yuf yuwk xf Au sutu Mktu tu ttu
ar

te. {tt tu s n, su-su xftu ttt{tk Mktu tuS

ft yutk ntu yu tk s ftk tu Yu, ftk tu t{trf Yu,
ftk tu hw eu httk ntu Au.
.m

h. h[ttk ku xftu utk s t :

yktu thu t{tk ht yu hMh ftuf kk tou
thu yuu fnu Au.
w

t{tk yk ft h e fu; u{ h[t

{txut tu ntu. t{tk {w xftu u ntu Au.
w

1. t{ yu h. ytt fu rt
t{{tk ktt, ot{ yu ruttutu {tu tt Au, tu
w
 C _-_ _ 155

.in
yttrf fu rt{tk rt; rtwk ft{ fhtk f]ktu;
rtruttu yu rtrutwk ft{ fhtk yL tutu {tu
ttu ntu Au.

at
t{ fu rt th[t{tk uu thu hMh kk
tot tu utk ntu Au.
t{u [q[f yu rq[f tu tu Au, thu

ar
rtu ft, yto, whwt[ ytr tot tu tu Au.
ytt t s tu tr{f fu yttrf yke tA s tu Au.
tr{f yu yttrf tf tu su-u e ttu uztEu
uj
s t. yt{, ftuE h[t{tk n{utk utu s t.
su{ fu,
ug
Atufhtytuyu, Atufhtytuu, Atufhtytute, Atu2fhtytuwk,
fthtt{tk, ntht{te, {tht{tkwk, ytt{tkte (tr{f)
thtytu, tthtytuwk, tt{tk, tuS,
ar

3. t{trf tu{tk ku xftu utk s t :

u fu ute w yktu h[t{tk ue {th[t tu Au.
{th[ttk ku xftu ttt{tk Mktu the ft yutk ntu
.m

Au. {ttk xftu uzt thu yu{t kkof tu tu ttu

ntu Au. ytte ku xftu uzeu s t. u yktu [ut kktu
swt swtE ntuE, swt swt ftht {ttu u Au.
hqkt, tEnu, Ewshe, ww:, htr,
w

rtoe, ht{{, QXu, tkwk-qxwk, tu[t,

y{qytu, htrt, [tukzwk, uwk, fuertf,
w

eztt{f, otf, uthe, {tttthu, thue,

tktk[tk, Vtxwkqxwk, qwkhMwk, yftu, rr uhu.
w
 156 fl

.in
{t ftuE fthtu ntu, yu{tk kkf tu w ttk ntuE
t{trf tk tu utk s t.
t{trf tutu rn fheyu yu yu{e [utu kk toeyu

at
thu s yu tu r fu Aqxtk t.
Wt. h yu qkt; w fu w:; ht{ fu {; y

ar
(yztu) {qyutu; htrttu {qn; [th Au kz su{tk u ([tukzwk);
owk tf; eztwk t{f; uu th fhth uhu.
4. rhw{tk fu rhw-tutu{tk ku yktu utk s t :
uj
yt fthe h[tytu{tk fuxtkf yktu-Ytu fu yu{t ftuE ykwk
whto twk ntu Au. Ytutu uztutu tu u rhw.
ug
(1) fuxef th ftuE ytt xfe rhw te ntu Au :
VxVx, [[, , n{n{, {{, ,
xx, xfxf, ff.
ar

(h) fuxef th ftuE yuf xft yke rhw ntu Au :

zz, Zzz, yhh, ytztu etztu e,
tfq, y{wf{wf, [tuzetuze, y uhu.
.m

(3) ftuEf th ftuE yuf s xf ytotwk ntu Au. ftk tu ytwk

ytt tAwk. e[u exe tuhuwk xf tto Au.
ytztuetztue, tfq, y{wf{wf, ytswtsw
w

(4) fuxef th u xftue [u ktusf ntu Au.

h{h{=h{th{, yztuyz, [tu[, uhuh,
w

{thk{th, VUftVUf, fqtfq, U[tU[, {tht{the, VUftVUfe

uhu.
w
 C _-_ _ 157

.in
() ftuE th ku xftu tto ntu Au.
[{f[{f, zfzf, ff, t-t, ftwk-ftwk,
Wh-Whte, ftu-ftu, wk-wk.

at
tt xftu hefu yktu fu tu Aqxtk t
yktu t{tk ue hMh kk tou thu hefu

ar
ytut Au. u fu ute thu tu {tuxe h[tytu{tk uu thu
yu{e M ur ntu s.

uj
(f) ttk fu {qn : (Phrase)
u fu ute thu tu uzt yutte e h[t fthuf
Mkt W hefu the ft yue ntu yuu ttk fnu Au.
ug
yte th[tt ftuE kz, yk fu t hefu s yte fu Au.
su{ fu,
utu t tuztu/ tuhu yt {ut{tk / tt tfzte yuf
ar

whe / httu hztu {te / yn t{tk th-tks / tk htuutk

tzu uhu.
yte h[tytutk tk s xftu Aqxtk t. t{trf tu
.m

yuf s xfwk t.
() Wt (Clause) :
Wt yuf yu uEyu tu tkz fu ttk s Au
w

yuwk kth ttk fu {qn fhtk swwk Au.

Wt{tk fto-rt ku tu ntut Atk yutte e
w

h[tytutu Mtt fu Mkt t hefu tu tE ftu te. yu

{w t ttu ti-tt kkte uzt Au. su{ fu,
w
 158 fl

.in
hefk fthu ytu yue / yttne tE fe te.
[ti t] [{w t]
Wttk tk s xftu Aqxtk-Aqxtk s t.

at
() th[t :
u fu ute thu tu ftuE kk (t{-rt)te uzt yu

ar
yu Mktu the ft yue W ntu tu s yuu t fnut.
su{ fu,
tuztu [hu Au. tuztu-t{- [hu Au rt.
uj
xqkf{tk, t{-rtte h[tu t fnu Au. yt,
wshtee e s th[tytu yt yuf s fthe te.
ug
tt t{ hefu yuf fu yufte w tu yte fu Au.
t{{tk t{tL heu fto-f{o-fh-kt-ytt, kk yu
yrfh ytr kktu toe tk[uf suxe kttytu t{tk yte
fu Au. rt hefu yuf fu yuf fhtk thu tu yttk ntu
ar

Au.
tr{f-tuu ktt, ot{, rut hefu ytueyu
Aeyu. yttrf-kz{tk yttk tu rtrut yu rt
.m

hefu ytut Au. ytte ttt{tk t {w fthtu ytxt :

ktt, ot{, rut, rtrut yu rt.
whtk yL fthe ft{ehe fhtk tu sutk fu, t{tueytu,
w

ktusftu, WTtht[ftu yu rttu ntuE fu.

t{tk ftuE fthe ft{ehe fhtk tu n{utk swtk s t.
w

yufte w kttytu, ruttu yttk ntu thu [u yrht{

{wft. su{ fu,
w
 C _-_ _ 159

.in
kt, tuthe, ftuhe, hq, {wt uhu the eytu
Au.
xqkf{tk, r totk ftuE tk tu swtk s t.

at
ytu ti th{tttk kt Aeyu.
fte, tue, hte, t, eyu te [ht .

ar
tttu tuh kte ut {w {kte.
nu Ae ftuEu MuAtyu uze fhttu yrfth te.
t{tk yuf fu yufte w rttu yttk ntu Au. yu {w
uj
ntu; ntf ntu fu kw ntu- swtk s t :
h{u yttu yu sBtu htu.
ug
y{u tu fthtk s{e httk ntk.
y{u tksu uh ntuEwk. / y{u tuhu uh ntutk te.
{nu fuwk tE tu. tufh {wkEte yte tu.
ar

r totk tu ife ywtu ut s t. t{e

ttu yte r uhu yttuo totk t{tue n{utk t{ Ae
swtk s t.
.m

t{tue yuxu t{e ttu uztE r suwk fto fhtk

tu.
Mfqxh Wh tkhtu uXtu Au.
w

h yt {tuxtu e[tu Au.

et u ykthwk ntu.
w

fuhe tfzeyu.
ht tk [ tke.
w
 160 fl

.in
Whe th[tytu{tk Mfqxh, h, et, yu ht yu
kttytu t{ Au. yu{e Ae yw{u Wh, yt, u, fuhe
yu tk yu t{tueytu Au.

at
ktusf hefu yttk tu Aqxtk s t :
tu, {qntu fu ttuu ktustwk fu uztwk ft{ fhtk
tuu ktusf fnu Au.

ar
u, t, fu, yu, ytt, t, tt, u... tu, yttk ktusftu Au.
yt{ u yt{ tu { ttu.
uj
yuf t eS heu qkxt s.
[t fu ftuVe etu te.
ug
the ytt rMfex nu tu [tu.
fztk tt h{fztk ttk.
nwk yu {thtu r{t {wkE sE ytt.
ar

ftwk {ttu te. {tktu Au yuxu uttu te.

u yw Au yu ktusf Au.
u yw hefu utu yu ktusf hefu Aqxtu t.
.m

ktusftu ftuE tk Ytttu{tk utk te.

yh hsq fhtu fu ktusf swtu s t.
yuu ftwk fu yu ftuus ytu n.
w

WTtht[ftu {w fu Aqxtk s t.
tt ! nw thwk ft{ fwO.
w

nt ! kt ttt.
yhhh ! r[thtwk yte Lwk.
w
 C _-_ _ 161

.in
yhu, ytu, nu, hu, sutk WTtht[ftu ktue ft{ehe fhu
thu yu Aqxtk s t.
hu keztk ! wte [u....

at
ytu Eh ! Syu u....
nu t ! wk ftk kttu Au ?
yhu ! {u yte t.

ar
ytuhu, thu, {thu, {tzehu, nthu sutk xftu yku t oe
st Au.
fuxtf yu{u ytu hu, t hu, {t hu, {tze hu, nt hu, yu{ swt
u Au. uj
rttu : th, ytn, rke, e{t-{tot sut yttuo totk
ug
xftu Au. /u, , wtk, ru, s, S, tu, Vf, {tt, fu, ,
t, Auf-yt tk rttu Au.
yt xftu t{tk u fthu yttk ut Au : 1. utk h. swtk
/u, S, - utk s t Au.
ar

{u ytu. / yt{u u ftk ytu Au ?

nuS h{tk Au. / ttS, [tufux yttuu.
.m

yt ttu st yttuS.
u fu tu, fu{ fu, n tu yku {u Au.
t{tk yuftt tt yu{u utk eyu - yuf s xf
w

hefu-tu tktu n.
e[utk xftu swt s fthe ft{ehe fhtk ntuE yu{u utk
tk.
w

- U rt ttu uztE rtrut tu Au.

utkU, yttkU, tutkU.
w
 162 fl

.in
tt, u, uwk, tf - t{trfYu s ytu Au.
utt, tUttt (u {txu tu)
tUtu, utuwk (u-uwk-tu)

at
uttf, ttf (t{trf)
eX, th, t, O - t{tue ntuE swtk tk.

ar
{tt rt u fthe ft{ehe fhu Au.
(1) rt hefu swwk wk : wk {tt [t e.
(h) uf yut yto{tk uwk : te{tt, S{tt,
uj
{tt utt
ktusf yu
ug
ktusf hefu swwk t : {u / ftwk /
hefu utu tu : t, [, {tux,
tkz, z.
ar

-th-{tk yto{tk swtu.

yuf th y{u tk utk./ u fu{ th te.
-th-]tt[f uwk t.
.m

yufth, tuth, uth.

-th- () utu : W{uth, fqhth, th.
-th-(ktEtu yuf{) swtu : yuf th tktu xwfztu.
w

-th-rt yto{tk utu : tu{th, {kth, wth,

Etr.
w

-th-(t{tue) swwk wk : rst th, twft th.

yu uwk t Au : rstth, twftth, (t{trf
Yu).
w
 C _-_ _ 163

.in
utk s ttk yL xftu
1. tE q[f tu/{tt[f tu :
ettE, tttE, y{teu, ytkeu,

at
[kwftft, kwftft, htusftfe, htftfe,
{nu{t{t, tue{t{t, tto{t{e, whut{t{e,

ar
h{t{te, {et{te, h{tt, fw{tt,
fteVtuE, etVtuE, {nuVwyt, suVwyt,
{tuntt, kfhtt, f{tte, fette, ztt,
uj
qhet, fhet, fwkhet, htet, VtuEt,
Sftuh{t, ykt{t, ftft{t, tw{t.
ug
{ehtktE, qetE, fezetE, ft[ttE, ftzttE,
tttE, tEe, nue, fre, {ktee,
{tte, rte, {ttS, rtS, tkeS, thS, {nutS,
ar

S, tES, tES, uS, whwS, ftftS, ftfeS,

VtuES, tEtnu, tEtnu, txtnu, fw{thtnu,
.m

httnu, ttnu, uhts, {wrhts, frhts, ihts,

{hts, tehts, hwzhts, rthts, tuehts, Shts,
rhts, hts, Mthtt, et{tt, kt{tt, e{tt,
w

{ot{tt.
h. Mtq[f :
w

eh{t{, zt{, tt{, zh, {h, tkeh,

twh, s{uwh, ehwh, yftwhe, ywhe, stttwhe,
ftk[ewh{, rhwktwh{, ktk, tuhutk, stk, ket{,
w
 164 fl

.in
tket{, {e twftu, tx twftu, y{tt rstu, uzt
rstu, wsht ht, Wtu, tr, hts,
rt, thu, tktu, {nthtx, thhtx, rn{t[

at
u, Wth u, { u, tuhtuLz, ntEuLz, #uLz, uhuLz
tk[, Wthtk[, thkz, Wthtkz, yVtrMt, trfMt,
fthuet, htht, tt, nuhwtfo, tketfo, tkers,

ar
nuhwrs, wttrs, rfxturht tzo, ]kt tzo, wtt[tuf,
tk e[tu f , stnh[tu f , w n thu h e, tu h e, ntu e[ft,
htw h [ft, rne[ft, tzttu , etu , [tk tytu ,
fktuEytu.
3. yL xftu :
uj
ug
ywrtt Srtt, htrtt, hehrtt,
St, {tt, tttt, fttMt,
htxt, tket, fot, tBt, t{tt,
ar

wk, {tiok, Wtht, qot, tt, wft,

f]t, ttow, kw, yu, {u,
.m

hwu, ht{u, su,

th{wr, frt, ht{{e, rst{e, uh,
{tx, qotx, Wthw, tw, rftu{exh, rfturxh,
w

uLxe{exh, s{to, hut, huu.

Wht tuwk kth utk yuwk st Au fu yu{tk u xftu ife
Wth (tAwk) xf t{tLktt ntu Au, thu qoxf rutktt
w

ntu Au. ku {e ftuE kttrut tu Au ftkf qo Wtht

rut sue ft{ehe fhu Au yute u xftu {e {th[t
w
 C _-_ _ 165

.in
e ntu Au. ytte yte e h[tytu{tk ku xftu utk
t yu E Au.
yu{u swt eyu tu ytou ttu uE ftu. fu{ fu,

at
ywhe tE tu... y qhe tE tu.
tzttu{tk uXt. tzt tu{tk uXt.

ar
th{wr e t. th {wr e t.
hkettu{tk {u. hket tu{tk {u.
eh{t{{tk tu. eh{ t{{tk tu.
uj
t{tk xftu swtk eyu tu yu{tu {tutu t Au. yu
tfttyu swe s ft{ehe fhu Au, yute ytouf u Au.
ug E

S
ar
.m
w
w
w
 .in
flH - 12

at

ywt r[tuzY ftu fnu fnut Au. yu tuftuytu

ar
Au . tu te Wu [tu x yu {{o M eo tt {txu su {
YrZtututu Wtu fht{tk ytu Au u{ tuftuytutu ntut
{t{tk Wtu ttu uE ft Au. tuftuytu fu fnutu o{tL
uj
te ntu Au. Wu fu fu [tux tt ftkf
tk ytwk zu Au fu t{ ytou tt eswk ftuE rt
ug
hsq fhwk zu Au, thu yte tuftuytu tuse zu Au. yte
tuftuytu nthfwt, znt, q htt zetue te{tk
ythth [{ft fhe ntu Au.
tkY yu qtY e [qfue tuftuytu u s fnutu. yu
ar

tktrhf znt, ertu, nthtt uhu toe ntutte

tufSu [zeu [e e Au.
fnutu yu YrZtutu{tk Vuh tu ? yt{ tu yt ku xftu [u
.m

fuxef {tt ut Au tu fuxef rt{t ut Au. ytte s

fuxtf ku [u uu fhu Au. fnutu YrZtutue {tVf ttrf
yto toe ntutte kue uu tE Au. ku [u q{ u
w

ytxtu Au. YrZtu ttrf yto{tk tu Au, tu fnutu

ywt r[tuzY ntu Au. yu ftft tkYu fu {toYu
tu Au.
w

fnutu Mkt tYu ytu Au. YrZtutu {qnYu ntu

w

166
 167

.in
Au. fnutuwk MY t s kutu{tk yufhwk s hnu Au, thu
YrZtutu{tk ko {tu , [, ft ytr{tk VuhVth ttu
uuE ft Au.

at
fuxef fnutu :
y{eotu rztu fttu. = f{e ntu yuu {u
tkte {we ytu.

ar
ye [qftu tu h Su = fxtufxe{tkte th Whe swk
u s Wt{ Au.
yt utu ytuzfth.
uj = su tu tu h tf yu tk s
teo tt.
ug
ytu ytu tuh u = ftuE te ytWte
[t hte.
ytzu tfzu ytztu un = sute ttu utu s nth
tt.
ar

yt t tu s t. = ytu thtk ntu E yu tu

s thwk tu.
.m

yt {qyt rt Muo st = ft{ u fheyu tu s r

{u.
yt Vtxu tk tzwk ut. = th htk w:tutu ftuE
Ets ntutu te.
w

ytt y{h Au. = S St ytt y{]

{t Au.
w

ytktk [txu fkE ux ht ? = tuxe fhfhtu ftuE yto

te.
w
 168 fl

.in
fnutue w fthe {txu yt f[uhe tht ftr tuwk wMf
YrZtu yu fnukn uE uwk.
yt{ Atk ynek fuxef fnutu yut yttuo h ytt{tk

at
yte Au.
yuf t u u Vtz. u utu u.
yuf kt u tu fts. uhtk thtk ntu.

ar
Wtt tu ntht. xfu uh tS, xfu uh tk.
Wsz t{{tk yuhkztu t. zwkht qhte hrt{t.
Qxtu [tuh ftuxtu kzu. uj zqtu {t hwk tu.
Qkx {hu thu {thtz t{wk swyu. h t u {ntw.
ug
Qkxtk yZthu tkft. tu ftuEtu tu ne.
frstwk {tU ftwk. t ztfu t.
f{tW efhtu fwxwku nttu. tZee tZe u thee
ar

fhe yue th Whe. the.

fhu yuwk t{u. et tA ykthwk.
tu yuwk u. w:wk ytuz ntzt.
.m

ftwk uwk u ztwk zwk. qt q{tk u tet te{tk.

fwkth fhtk uztk ztttk. qtu tTtu At Vqkfeu eyu.
ftk ht tus yu ftk tktu u, t{tuh t{tk te.
w

ue. h{e tt tk ut.

tztu tuu u zu. tuetu fqhtu n htu, n
w

tuu h u tuu tuh. txtu.

hs he yuxu i uhe. f{tk yf n.
w
 169

.in
hsu uztu t fnutu zu. {u u tiu {u.
t{u {tuZu hwk kt n. tu e ihe h qhtu.
tu tu uwk wk tt. tut{tk w.

at
hztk tztk tu. htu tu tu.
tk[etu Xuhtu Xuh. ttu tnu wk, r[tuu wk ?

ar
[z uxt qeyu. nutu tu ztue.
[{ze qxu, {ze Aqxu. tEe u t n u zee
AAwkhetk Au htk.
Az [ztu u [tuh.
uj ht n.
tzetu Auzu.
ug
sh, s{e u u h w yu tu thfe ytt t rht.
frsttk Atuhw. thfe {t ft u.
t thte th. wttk t tht{tk.
ar

tuwk ue ti uu. uxtu tu t{ tu.

t ut uxt u z ut xuxt. qkXu tkzu tke tt.
tke {qXe te. ntsh tu nrtth.
.m

ue ztE{tk teu Vtu. ntttk ftO niu tu.

t fqht fhzu n. ntuX t tu Wth tt.
twk nwk u iu ftwk. e fnutu :
w

Utk zt uku thu. hut txt etx.

{ [kt tu fthtux{tk kt. t tt yu uh t t.
w

{tt h {t ehu. hMte htue t{u [uo.

{tuE Ut {tuxt ztut. sfte the tune ethe.
w
 170 fl

.in
{tuxt yuxt tuxt. tuewk uzwk ftwk uzwk.
ht ttuze u u tt. r{t Qzu thu yt tsu.
tz rt utu [zu n. tue Vhfu tu h ththu.

at
rt ftu rhe w. [tu{twk kXu tu h kXu.
uXe rt{ tkt we. hfth{tk u fth{tk .

ar
ktuo t ft{tu. twk ntu tu twk ntu.
t {hu n u tXe tku n. ue u XtX rte.
t t u rtuxt htt
uj
suu n ts yuu twk hwk hts.
ug E

S
ar
.m
w
w
w
 .in
flH - 13

at
w
tuu yu{t {q yto fhtk swt s ftuuE ttrf yto{tk

ar
tust yu YrZtutuwk tUtt t {t Au. t{tL heu
ttt{tk httu ftuE [tu yto{tk s tutu ntu Au.
ytu ytwk rt tht yt t {Syu.
uj
ytwk rt yowk, uwk, tUwk, ntu fhwk sut
yttuo tou Au. su{ fu, [tuze yte / Et{ ytwk / Wth yttu
ug
/ te{ yte / { yttu / Wu yttu / {ksqhe yte / Xftu
yttu.
yn t{ (ktt-rut) fu ftuEf th rtruttu sutk
ar

xftu rte ttu uztE yuf rtr[th fu rtt fhu

Au. yte h[tytu t{ + rtte yuf {M h[t hefu
ytu Au. yu{tk t{ fu qo f{o hefue ft{ehe fhwk ntu Au.
.m

nu e[ut fuxtf tutu uEyu :

yttu / xuftu yttu / {wk ytwk / te[wk ytwk / hu[
yttu sut ttktu{tk t{tL heu rttu {q yto t
w

Au. yu rttu e[u tot {wst ttrf yttuo tou Au.

yttu = S yttu, u th tuttu S stu
fhtu.
w

xuftu yttu = { yte, yw{r yte.

171
w
 172 fl

.in
{wk ytwk = h{t te, fnuu tu twk.
te[wk ytwk = hhV fhwk.
hu[ yttu = {fe yte.

at
yt{, ttt{tk tu ttrf heu htt ntu Au. ytt
ttrf tutu yu YrZtutu te.

ar
nu e[ut u tutu swytu :
1. nu nhwk {ttwk twk. h. rtteoytuyu rtfwk {ttwk twk.
yn {ttwk twk yu tu Au, ku ttu{tk yutu yto
uj
swtu Au. nut t{tkwk twk rt yut {q yto{tk htwk
Au, thu e twk twk t yto{tk htwk Au. sut fu,
ug
fkxttu yttu, Me yte, tfe tt. yt{ e twk twk
rt {q ytote swt s yto{tk htwk Au.
ytt {q ytote swt yuxu fu ttrf yto ytt yu ttt{tk
ar

t s yttuo{tk YZ tE t ntu yut tutuu YrZtu fnu Au :

YrZtutk u ttu ste ft :
1. {q ytote swt s yto{tk httu ntu Au.
.m

h. yu heu yuu tht tA ftuE YrZ ntu Au.

e th yuwk u Au fu yuf yuf YrZtutu{tk tu
Auu; yttoT yuf s u fuL{tk hte swt swt yuf YrZtutu
w

ht{tk ytu Au. su{ fu, ytk

ytk yte = ytk ft{ fhe te / ytk we
w

ytk Qze = t twk, hth {wk

ytk Qk[e fhe = ytk Qtzeu uwk ({tke{tk)
w
 w 173

.in
ytk ftZe = {fte ytk fhe
ytk U[e = ytku {nute U[eu uwk
ytk uhte = ytk{tk Qk hte

at
ytk [tuhe = sh [wfte
ytk Xhe = ytk xtZe te, {wk fu k zwk

ar
ytk utze = rztwk, zhtwk
ytk Vhfe = tht-{tXt wf tt
ytk Vqxe
ytk Vuhe uj
= ytkt twk, {wk, utwk
= sh fhe, uwk, wMt fu fzftEte uwk
ug
ytk Vtuze = ytk teu tk[wk, ewk, uwk
ytk te = zht{e te
ytk {e = Qk yte
ar

ytk {the = fxtt fu Ethtu fhtu

ytktu Zte = ytktu k fhe, uwk
fuxef th yuf s rt swe swe kttytu ttu ht thu
.m

swt swt yttuo tot YrZtutuwk zh fhu Au. t.. ytwk.

1. yu tksu uh ytu. (qhte Sf fu tu)
h. y{tt wsht{tk ytwk. (Mt tou)
w

3. yt zt{tk fuxwk e ytu. ({tu tu)

4. ytku fuheytu yte. (ut ee)
w

. yuwk txq {u yte htwk. (kuwk Au)

6. Vtuxtu hth yttu n. (hth Ltu te)
w
 174 fl

.in
7. tfu yte t. (yk ft{ uwk twk)
8. {u wMtu yttu (t Wt ttu)
9. {u S yte Au. (Su h twk Au)

at
10. tfu tk ytt. (ftuE yk Vqxwk)
yt ttu fhwk, ftZwk, twk, zwk, htwk, sutk fuxtkf

ar
rttut yu{t {q yttuo yu YrZtu tt tutu ytt
Au, u utte YrZtutu yku fthe {u.
Whtk yn e[u fuxtf tutu tukt Au.
{ttwk {thwk uj
= ehe fhe
{tU{tk te ytwk = {ute EAt te
ug
{ttwk Vhe swk = q tu [ztu
{tU Qhe swk = rht twk
{ttwk ytwk = rt uwk
ar

t{ ftZwk = ytY {ue

{ttwk Qk[fwk = t{t twk
.m

tf ftwk = ytY w{te

{ttwk Vtxe swk = yk tu [ztu
ytzt fht = tktk fht, yttfte fhe
w

ytk Qze = he rhMtr {E se

tqkf Wztzwk = te ft fhtu
w

ytk Qk[e fhe = e ft{{tk t ytwk

q ftZe te = q Xftu yttu
w
 w 175

.in
ft Wtzt = [ue uwk
tunewk te fhwk = {nu fhe
ft fhzt = ww t fhe

at
Uzt{tk ttu = htE fhe
ft Vqkft = kuhe fhe

ar
tfu { yttu = nw nuht twk
ftu hwk = t ytwk, t{tk uwk
tk txt fht
VeVtk tkztk
uj
= nuht fhe {qfwk
= t ftwk
ug
Ezrhtu Z Stu = ht{ fhwk
ytuAtytuAt tE swk = tte htu twk
ute zt fte = ytttwk qk fhwk
ar

uxwk te ntwk = fe s yh te
YrZtutu nk{ut t{tk {qn fu ttk hefu s ytu
yut tk ft, , [ uhu ko {ws ttk ntu Au.
.m

fnutu nk{utk tkYu s ytu yu Mkt t Yu tu. yuwk

MY t s kutu{tk yuwk yu s hnu. su{ fu, k tk sk. u
utu u. fnuu t ko{tk Mkt t Yu tuS ft
w

YrZtutuu n.
(1) fhwk rt :
w

yt rt {wu e[u stt {tut yttuo tou Au :

yt[hwk. twk, tuswk, zwk, Wwk.
w
 176 fl

.in
Wt. ft{ fhwk, fh fhe, {nu fhe, ue fhe, tufhe
fhe, yttt fhe, nwf{ fhtu, rke fhe, Vrht fhe,,
Ethtu fhtu, ktu fhtu, ut fhe uhu.

at
YZtttuo :
ytzt fht = ytk ytzt ft fht, fthwk.

ar
yAtu yAtu fhwk = tz ztt, W{ftte ythfth fhtu.
ystwk fhwk = ft fu etu fhtu, ytY the.
yttwk fhwk = yttwk twk, ft{wk khe fu hte {qfwk
uj
ytwktAwk fhwk = stVuh fhwk, ktzwk, [tze[qe fhe.
ytke fhe = t fhe W~fuhwk, [ezwk, [wk.
ug
fztu fhtu = Aqx {qfeu ytuAt{tk yte uwk.
ft fhtu = ftuE t ft h {qfe, Vthe
yte.
ar

fttktutk fhtk = fqzfx fu [t fhe.

ftwk fhwk = fkrf fhwk, et hnuwk.
.m

s fhtu = yr {w~fu fu {tuxwk ft{ fhwk.

swk fhwk = {qfe uwk, {tV fhwk.
Sze fhe = nw tuwk, t{wk tuwk.
w

xw[ftu fhtu = {khskhtu tu fhtu.

xuftu fhtu = Wztwk, { fhe.
w

w{tztu fhtu = uzVe twk, Wzte uwk.

fht = st hnukw, y~ twk.
w
 w 177

.in
te fhwk = qte fhwk, tzwk, w{twk, uzVwk.
h{ fhe = ft{e heu ft{ fhtk ue ttu te
uwk, tztu.

at
huze fhe = Vsue fhe.
htuxtu fhtu = {the{theu uz te uwk.

ar
ewk fhwk = Vttu fhtu, kt {ue, ft fu
W fhtu.
htuztu fhtu = Vsue fhe.
e fhe
tV fhwk
uj
= yxf[twk fhwk.
= Wzte uwk, qk fhwk, t{t fhwk, {the
ug
twk.
Mtnt fhwk = tE swk.
(h) ftZwk rt :
ar

yt rt e[ut yttuo tou Au.

nth U[wk, / y fhwk, qh fhwk, Aqxwk tzwk / h fhwk,
ytuwk, tuhwk / fnuwk, tuwk, W[thwk / Mttwk, tuwk, wk Y
.m

fhwk / he fhe / nuh{tk twk / ykhtu th fu y{wf t

y fhtu, Aqxtu tztu / f{twk, {uwk, u fhtu.
f[htu ftZtu, ftkxtu ftZtu, h ftZtu, tut ftZtu, hMtu ftZtu,
w

q ftZe, h ftZe, t ftZtu, {u ftZtu.

YZtttuo :
w

yzttu ftZtu = ft{ fu {th zu Zewk fhe uwk, Xq ftZe.

ytxtu ftZtu = q tfwk.
w
 178 fl

.in
fh ftZe = htE fhe uwk.
fttk ftZtk = ft fhwk, tfe su{ owk.
ft ftZe = ytzee qh fhe.

at
ft ftZwk = zh fu ezt qh fhe.
ftkfhtu ftZtu = zh ftZwk, ftZtu.

ar
ftkxtu ftZtu = zh qh fhwk, {tu xftu qh fhtu.
ftkt ftZtk = t ttu, Vttu {utu.
tkztk ftZtk
qk[ ftZe
=
=
uj
tkzte {tVf owk.
ytkxeqkxe fu {w~fue qh fhe.
ug
t ftZtu = k fh k nth fhtu , t-tk zt {txu
tutu t nth ftZtu.
Atuztk ftZtk = q {thwk, fzf xeft fhe.
ar

sz ftZe = {q{tkte ftZe twk.

S ftZtu = ytt fhtu , tu z {nu fhe,
se fhe.
.m

ztut ftZt = wMu tE ytk utze.

u ftZwk = yzttu fu { ftZtu.
tk ftZt = zz nwk.
w

tuE ftZwk = {th {thtu, q {ftwk

rfk ftZwk = sz{qte t fhtu.
w

ftZtu = yhsh k fhe, [ k fhwk.

qftu ftZtu = kqo t fhtu, tEu tV fhe uwk.
w
 w 179

.in
{to ftZtu = qk[{tkte hMtu fhtu, Wt fhtu.
tkw ftZwk = wk Swk.
htuztu ftZtu = Vsue fhe.

at
ht ftZe = ht, t, wMtu nth ftZtu.
nze ftZe = tux ftZe, tuzwk.

ar
(3) twk rt : e[ut yttuo tou Au.
wk, yM{tk ytwk, / rswk, ut twk / yM{tk
ytwk, wshwk, Qhwk / twk, er te / yw{tk ytwk,
twk zwk. uj
yu yto{tk htt {qntu.
ug
htuE tE, tu ttu, tu ttu, {tun ttu, wMu twk, th
twk, t{t twk, EAt te, yw ttu, Y twk, { ttu,
qhwk twk, {u twk, t twk, w: twk, htu ttu, t ttu,
ar

tt, tshe tE, Qt twk, htuxtu ttu.

YZtttuo :
yzt twk = {trf heu ftu[twk.
.m

ytte twk = h{h{ twk, tue te Xkze ze.

ytwktAwk twk = shu [zu yu{ twk, tuttu twk.
Whe[u twk = yehtE fu Wfxtte owk, Qk[wke[wk twk.
w

yukXt twk = ftuEyu s{tzwk, ftuEu tk s{twk twk.

ytuAt ytuAt twk = u{tte htu twk.
w

fztft tt = tt {wk, Wt tt.

txt twk = thts twk.
w
 180 fl

.in
sk twk = {te Me rtwk twk-uht twk.
tz twk = u u tz su{ (Qwk) twk.
uh twk = uh suwk tE zwk.

at
tt twk = t {txu tk {thtk.
tt = -{s yte, Qze swk, st

ar
hnuwk.
th twk = tene twk.
ntuwk twk
tAt twk
=
=
uj
thu zt Wth twk, tuhtwk.
{]w t{wk.
ug
tt twk = sk Atuze r twk.
uXt twk = t twk, Vhe us twk, uhte ith
twk.
zftu ttu = frstu ttu.
ar

M{ twk = httuze twk, eu t twk.

t twk = w{tk ytwk, t ytwk, {s ze.
.m

{txe twk = ze swk, qte twk.

{tttt twk = ntU[e u yuwk twk.
{tuxtt twk = k[trt twk, yt ze {ttt
w

twk.
htwkewk twk = W~fuhtwk, AkAuztwk, ytft twk.
w

ht{h twk = {he swk.

huze te = Vsue te.
w
 w 181

.in
ht twk = ft{wk twk.
tzt twk = {wk {su yut se twk.
nt twk = rhtk ywe.

at
heZt twk = htu fu whu n yut twk/ htEu
{sq twk, w: uXe fX twk.

ar
(4) zwk rt :
(yttuo) e[u hwk, twk, / swk, wk/ twk, wk,

uj
eswk / Qhwk, zt fu {wft{ ttu / tkt twk, qwk / f{
fu {q uwk / twk-e twk, yw{tk ytwk / ft{tk ut
twk / {tk {kzwk, e twk / nthwk, rstwk, w{tk {hwk / he{tkte
ug
hne swk / twk, r twk.
(tutu) V zwk/ftux ztu/tux ze/{ ze/hs ze/sYh
ze/Xuftu zwk/ttu zwk/r ztu/rt ze/tA zwk/shu
ar

zwk/{ttu zwk/Xkzwk zwk/ xt ze/ftuXu zwk/t{tk zwk/{ ze/

xu ze/q ze/tw zwk/E ze/qkz ztk/t ztu/[ehtu
ztu/t ze/ht ztu/k zwk/Zewk zwk/w: zwk/tzwk zwk/
.m

rftu ztu.
YZtttuo :
ywk zwk = ywk twk fu ezwk.
w

ykh zwk = u [u Auxwk zwk/Vt ntutu/{{tk swtE

yte.
w

ytkxe ze = kXtE swk / yt ttu; uh ktwk.

tzt{tk zwk = q fhe / wft ntuhwk / uwk fhwk.
w
 182 fl

.in
Wtzt zwk = Awk twk / nth ytwk.
[tx zwk = tUXwk zwk /h{wk wk.
[qt{tk zwk = Vtu u{ fhwk.

at
Azwk zwk = fth rt tuxwk tzwk.
{e zwk = xtxe te, ze zwk.

ar
uzt zt = uzttu {th ztu.
txft zt = {nu ze, e ut te.
ztkzu zwk
Ze zwk
=
=
uj
hMu zwk, [tt twk
untu tE fu {h t{e ze zwk.
ug
ze ze = {th, ttu fu Xfte ze he.
tAt zwk = nthwk.
Vxftu ztu = wfte{tk Qhwk.
ar

Vt ze = tMftu ztu.
Vqx ze = kt twk, fwk ttu.
ez ze = sYh ze, ke ste, {w~fue{tk ytwk.
.m

{tut zwk = Zet twk.

{he zwk = nw er te.
{ttu zwk = stthe yte ze, wft uXwk zu
w

yuwk twk.
hMu zwk = st hnuwk, htzu [zwk.
w

htu zwk = Xuftu zwk, hth [tw twk.

w
 w 183

.in
tw zwk = te yh te, tA tA sw k ,
kuwk ytwk.
u zwk = tuXtE swk.

at
tkfwk zwk = {tXwk twk, Qxwk twk, wMu twk.
tutu ztu = eh tkr te.

ar
nttuxe ze = ytz yte, {nthtu fu xu ze.
() htwk rt :

uj
(yttuo) htwk, twk, [twk, ktwk/ khwk,/ uwk, tutwk/
th fhwk, twk,/ hth hnu u{ fhwk, ue [ex te/
ntut uwk, hnut uwk/ Mefthwk, uwk/ khwk/ hewk, fsu uwk/
ug
Wtu {txu tu hnu yu{ fhwk/zwk {qfwk, Atuzwk/Qwk htwk,
yxftwk/st uwk, su{wk u{ hnu yu{ fhwk uhu
(tu) tu httu, [ htwk, {t htwk, W{u hte,
ar

[t hte, ytt hte, t hte, {nuhte hte, t httu.

uh ht, [ex ht, ftq ht, ykfw ht, t ht, ht,
fu ht, nf ht, ft{ htwk, fq htwk, Aqx hte, Zewk
.m

htwk, ehtu htwk, s{u htwk, Mte hte, whwt httu, k

htwk, tke htwk, yfk htwk.
yh htwk = hf{ [tuzu te, skeu ut
w

uwk.
ykh htwk = swtE hte, htwk {twk.
w

yktht{tk htwk = nuh{tk twk, he nfef t

ue.
w
 184 fl

.in
xuf hte = ru e hnuwk, tu httu.
tZ{tk htwk = tu ute {{tk tkX te.
te htwk = ykfw httu.

at
tf htwk = rct t[e.
t{ htwk = fe {ue.

ar
ztu httu = ut httu, ykhe t fnue.
Vtkftu httu = tuh fu yr{t{tk ntuwk.
the hte
t htwk
uj
= Axfttu {to httu.
= t[ue hte, tu httu.
ug
u httu = nuhtu ytkhtu fhtu.
{ htwk = EAt qhe fhe.
hk httu = ytY hte, x t[tu.
ar

ts hte = { fheu ytY e.

httu = {{tk ykx hte.
ntue{tk htwk = yr {tt{{t te.
.m

kttytu ttu rttu nth YZtto tot tutu :

y nuh {the se = {qot yte.
yrtht t = te swk; te swk.
w

ykfw{tk htwk = ftq{tk htwk.

yk tuuzwk = {nu fhe.
w

yktht QXt = r{tk twk.

ykthtu tftu = ks fwt fhth eztu
w
 w 185

.in
ykqXtu yttu = yk q X te rte fhe fq t
yte.
ykqXtu ttu = t tze.

at
yktht{tk htwk = t uwk.
ytkfztu {tu = w{t Qhwk.

ar
ytke yte = ttuzwkf Wtus ytwk.
ytkxe{tk uwk = tu[{tk twk.
ytkrtk fhtk = yr[the heu ktwk,
yt QXe
yt tze
uj
= thu wMu twk.
= frstu fhttu.
ug
yt he = Wtt{tk q t ztu; ykh{tk
ht te.
ytzt zwk = [u r fhwk,
ar

ytzwk Vtxwk = rttkh fhwk.

yt Vtxwk = yZf ytt yte.
.m

ythe Wthe = the uXu {thtu.

ytnwr yte = wk rt ytwk.
W[tt ht = hhe E t twk.
w

Wzwk uwk = yuf{ rt {kzwk.

Qk Qze = tt twk.
w

yufztu fhtu = fqt yte.

yturntk fhwk = ewk ytue swk.
w
 186 fl

.in
ytrhtu etu = thtu k Vtte etu.
fkfwt fht = w Yyt fhe.
ft fqxwk = ft{e {nu fhe.

at
ftzwk fhwk = e[t yt[he.
f{h fe = nt{ eze.

ar
ftE fhe = XtE fhe.
ftkfhtu ftZtu = qh fhwk.
ftktu ftZtu
ftzt Qzt uj
=
=
Vttu {utu.
Wsz twk.
ug
ftxwk ftZwk = {theu fhwk.
ftswk twk = q swk.
ftwk fhwk = fkrf tE qh swk.
ar

fqt{tk twk = t{t fhwk.

ftuXwk ytwk = re t t ue.
fturtu fhtu = ewk ytue uwk.
.m

h ue = q Xftu yttu.
tkz te = ztE {the.
tztk ttk = Xftu ttu.
w

tuztu ftZtu = tq fhwk.

u {tkzt = ftotu ythk fhtu.
w

u zwk = yt {qfwk.
tkX ze = uh ktwk.
w
 w 187

.in
tkXu tkwk = f{tk htwk.
tutwk twk = Auhtwk
tutu zttu = r twk.

at
ztu Vqxtu = t nuh tE se.
h [twk = kth [ttu.

ar
h tkwk = AqxtAuzt ut.
t ftZtu = knth fhtu.
[fztuu [zwk
[f{f he uj
=
=
{ yMth twk.
yt ttu.
ug
[tktu [tUxtu = wfte yte.
[tktu fhtu = {u ux yte.
[thtk Vtztk = ft{tu [t fhtu.
ar

[etu tztu = tu rhts [tw fhtu.

[qzeytu nuhe = ttwk twk.
[u ttu = yh te, fwk ttu.
.m

Athu [zwk = q VqtE swk.

Auztu Vtztu = AqxtAuzt fht.
s {the = Mttu tt yuwk fhwk.
w

sz ftZe = {q{tkte tq fhwk.

uzt {tht = q Xftu yttu.
w

xw [twk = su{u{ ft{ [twk.

Xq ftZe = tfe uwk.
w
 188 fl

.in
zkftu tu = Me fto fhe twk.
tx ttu = tt ftZwk
z {the = ntkfe

at
Ztu ttu = nuht {e.
Ztufe e = ntS nt fhe.

ar
twk utwk = k twk; rO swk.
u ftZwk = ttfe yuxe {nu fhte.
tz te
tqkf Wztwk uj
=
=
wft tuwk.
t fhe.
ug
{ ftZtu = ttfe yuxwk ft{ fhtwk.
{ uk[tu = yttyu ue.
{ {thtu = {ftwk.
ar

tk ftZt = nwk
tkrtk fhtk = r[ztE swk.
e QXtu = ze t yte.
.m

rtyu swk = ti[rt {txu swk.

tuhe qxe = ytht { te.
tz {the = thu tnwk ft{ fhwk.
w

q ftZe = q Xftu yttu.

q kuhe = q Xftu yttu.
w

q te = ft fu ftexee tze.
tz fze = k fth wk.
w
 w 189

.in
uu {qfwk = rthe {qfwk.
tt = [eswk [tt swk.
tkt = rht twk.

at
thtu ttu = r twk.
tze kte = tntn fhe; Et{ fu ht

ar
yttu.
trxtk uttk = thu wfte uXe.
te swk = uytY twk.
te{tk swk
te[wk ytwk
uj
=
=
rV swk.
hhV fhwk.
ug
qtu {qftu = t fhtu.
ux{tk htwk = t Awte.
Vqkf {the = xte q h e; te [u e
ar

yte; W~fuhwk; whfe te;

h{twk.
tk fze = xuftu yttu, { fhe.
.m

tkhtu txtu = tVe {thw k ; Aq e t Wtze

tze.
q htwk = {s{tk ftkEf Qxwk htE swk.
w

tu {t/tt = {tXe t te, ytt yte.

{h[tk {qftk = wMu fhwk.
w

{t tzwk = wt{ fhe.

{ttu {the = ytw tE ue hnuwk.
w
 190 fl

.in
{ttwk Qk[fwk = t{u tE tuwk.
{ttu zwk = thY twk.
{ttt{tk {thwk = y{t ktwk,

at
{u {the = [tu fhe ytwk; ee {the;
(h) Vtk {the; yz[ Qe

ar
te.
{tuxtt twk = VqS wk.
{tuh {thtu = {tuhu hne ft{ fhwk; ht{ fhwk;

h fze
ujMe ft{ fhwk.
= {q t fze.
ug
hk httu = ytY hte; x t[tu.
ht swk = rt t{tu.
htu zwk = Mt twk.
ar

ht{t fhe = tu the {qfe.

hu[ yttu = {txe yte.
.m

htutk hztk = w:e t fne te.

{tk ftk = ft{e ttu fhe.
tztu ttu = Vttu {utu.
w

ewk fhwk = Vttu fhtu; kt {ue.

tu[t tt = rnt{tk hz fhe; hth
w

tuwk.
thu twk = t ytwk; qh fue ftZwk.
w
 w 191

.in
ht ftZe = {tu Qhtu nth ftZtu.
tk Vhtu = h{tk rot ntue.
t {thtu = ntwhewk ft{ fhwk.

at
uh fhe = tust fhe; {u Wthtu.
ztk {tkzt = t{t twk.

ar
th twk = [ze uwk.
ztu utu = VtxVqx ze.
t ftZwk
t{tf yttu
uj
= rY ntu u qh fhwk.
= {th {thtu.
ug
et{tk Wthwk = tueu Vtwk.
tuXe {the = t ys{ttu; ftu t utu.
Mt [tztu = {th {thtu.
ar

Mtnt fhwk = ytue uwk.

ns{ fhwk = ytuwk.
n{ fhe = ft{tu { ttu.
.m

nfwk fhwk = {th {thtu.

ntzftk hkt = {th {thtu.
ntt WXttu = {th {tht swk.
w

ntt tut = rht twk.

w

ntue fhe = twk.

ntue te = hte fhe.
w
 192 fl

.in
wshte{tk fuxef kttytu
ntutwk t-tkt {uAu.
yht =wkh Mte.

at
Qkxi =Qkxwk iw fhu yutu s.
fzAtu ={ttwk {thte ]tttu.

ar
ftxqo =ntkett.
fwkfo =q s Qkth.
thte rftue
kStu fqhtu
tzttu u
uj
=
=
=
rywe.
ftuEu tt uth.
ik fhth.
ug
wkrhtu =twk t{ u yutu.
kx =ntU[u, kwk.
tk[etu =fkxttwO ft{ fhth.
ar

[{[tu =[tqe fhth.

tuz =u Ae Aqxtwk t{ u uwk.
.m

rtkfw =ykrht xfe hnuwk.

htwk Qkx =htu tuzt {txu {Mte
{tu n =({tt {tu n) yuf w n,
w

( tu et Au.)
wtot = q s tue.
w

tuetu fqhtu = Xt{Xuftt htu.

k = kwk, qo, ntU[u {tt.
w
 w 193

.in
th = ztE-ztu fhtth.
turXtu = ft{wk s Wtzth.
twk = {ht ith.

at
tue = {tXe t.
= ke.

ar
rtu fhtu = ft{tu fwxtE stu {t.
tht = t te, {qo.

tE uj
=
=
etuttu.
Vsue.
ug
eht = {nt.
k = sz, urtu.
e{ = Z yu {nt.
ar

{rwk = q s zwk.
{n{ = yr[the, qe, hke.
{ktht = ftuEu [Zth.
.m

{h[wk = q s W Mtwk.
hh MxuB = ewk ftwk fhth.
ht = q s yr{te.
w

w = {qo.
]ftuh = tWk.
w

fwr = [kzt.
u[e = hke, nt{tk rft tkth.
w
 194 fl

.in
et = e.
wht = ytkwk.
qoke = Qke.

at
nktu = un, yt{t.
rnrzBt = htt sue Mte.

ar
nrhk = te.
= {tttu uf.

uj
E

S
ug
ar
.m
w
w
w