AddressingBiasinEngineering

Education

ThankstoEPSLibrarians
SystemicBiasvsImplicitBias

Systemic(Institutional)Bias Implicit(Unconcious)Bias
theinherenttendencyofa theattitudesorstereotypes
processtosupport thataffectour
particularoutcomes understanding,actions,and
decisionsinanunconscious
manner
akaimplicitsocialcognition,
cognitivebias
SystemicBiasResearchinEngineeringEducation
Institutionalchangemustinvolvefaculty
Carnesetal.(2012)
Genderrepresentationinimagesintextbookshadasignificanteffecton
bothmaleandfemaleparticipants.Thatis,malesperformedworse
whenfemalesweredominantinimages,whiletheconversewasalso
true.
Good,Woodzicka,andWingfield(2010)
Namescaninfluenceperceptions supportfornonamesinassessment?
MossRacusin,Dovidio,Brescoll,Graham,&Handelsman (2012)
StereotypeThreat(ST),wherebytheconsciousorunconsciousfearof
conformingtostereotypesforyourgroup(womendisplayingpoor
mathematicalability,forexample)interferedwithperformancein
assessment.
Marchand andTaasoobshirazi (2013)andmanyothers
ImplicitBiasResearchinEngineeringEducation
Implicitbiasispervasiveacrossallsectionsofsocietyandis
oftenstrongerthan,andatoddswith,explicitbias
Nosek,Banaji,&Greenwald,2002
Implicitgenderbiasinsciencefacultyisexhibitedequally
withregardtogender,ageandtenurestatusoffaculty
members
MossRacusin etal.,2012
Whatcouldthislooklike?
Interfaculty;facultystudent;studentstudent
Beingaskedtorepresentyourethnicity/gender/minorityona
committee
Carnesetal.,2012;JoanC.Williams,2014
Beingaskedtotakeminutes/tidyup/empathisewithadistressed
colleagueorstudent(orfeelingyoushould)
Rolesinlabsandgroupwork
Ownershipbiasorthepreferenceeffect:thepropensityfor
malestolendundueweighttotheirownideaswhenchoosing
betweenoptions.Haloeffectforfemales,whotendselectthe
ideasofothers
Toh,Strohmetz,andMiller;2016
Interventions Carnesetal.(2012)
Institutionalchangemustinvolvefaculty
Describedaninterventionbasedonbiasliteracyworkshopsforfacultyassuccessfulin
changingbothindividualandgroupbiases.
SimilarresultsfromJacksonetal.(2014)
Twokeysourcesofmotivationtoeffectchange.
Internal(beingprejudicedisbad,Iwanttochange)
External(Idontwantmycolleaguestothinkofmeasprejudiced,Idbetternotsaythat)
Threeelementsarenecessarytoeffectpersonalchange
motivation
selfefficacy
positiveoutcomeexpectations.
Thereisarelationshipbetweenthefractionofafacultythatparticipateintraining,and
thelongertermclimatewithinthedepartment.
Institutionalmessagesareimportant eg mandatorytrainingsendsamessagethatthere
isinstitutionalsupportfordiversity.
Bezrukova,Spell,Perry,andJehn (2016)
Studentsmightsee
Appropriatebehavioursmodelledbyallfacultymembers
Language,culturalsensitivity,blindmarking,et
Stereotypethreatexplicityaddressed
Zerotoleranceofbanter,inappropriatelanguage
DiscussionaspartofBiCC
Biasliteracyworkshops(simliartothoseforfaculty)

IPENZCodeofEthicalConduct:
5. Behaveappropriately
a. Inperforming,orinconnectionwith,yourengineeringactivitiesyou
must
i. actwithhonesty,objectivity,andintegrity;and
ii. treatpeoplewithrespect andcourtesy
 Bezrukova,K.,Spell,C.S.,Perry,J.L.,&Jehn,K.A.(2016).Ametaanalyticalintegrationofover40yearsofresearchondiversitytrainingevaluation.
PsychologicalBulletin,142(11),12271274.doi:10.1037/bul0000067
Carnes,M.,Devine,P.G.,Isaac,C.,Manwell,L.B.,Ford,C.E.,ByarsWinston,A.,...Sheridan,J.(2012).Promotinginstitutionalchangethroughbias
literacy.JournalofDiversityinHigherEducation,5(2),6377.doi:10.1037/a002812810.1037/a0028128.supp(Supplemental)
Good,J.J.,Woodzicka,J.A.,&Wingfield,L.C.(2010).Theeffectsofgenderstereotypicandcounterstereotypictextbookimagesonscience
performance.TheJournalofsocialpsychology,150(2),132147.
HanoverResearch.(2015).Bestpracticesinculturalcompetenceandimplicitbiastraining Retrievedfromhttp://gssaweb.org/wp
content/uploads/2016/04/BestPracticesinCulturalCompetenceandImplicitBiasTraining.pdf
Herrmann,S.D.,Adelman,R.M.,Bodford,J.E.,Graudejus,O.,Okun,M.A.,&Kwan,V.S.Y.(2016).TheEffectsofaFemaleRoleModelonAcademic
PerformanceandPersistenceofWomeninSTEMCourses.BasicandAppliedSocialPsychology,38(5),258268.doi:10.1080/01973533.2016.1209757
Jackson,S.M.,Hillard,A.L.,&Schneider,T.R.(2014).UsingimplicitbiastrainingtoimproveattitudestowardwomeninSTEM.SocialPsychologyof
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Marchand,G.C.,&Taasoobshirazi,G.(2013).StereotypeThreatandWomen'sPerformanceinPhysics.InternationalJournalofScienceEducation,
35(18),30503061.doi:10.1080/09500693.2012.683461
Marx,D.M.,&Roman,J.S.(2002).FemaleRoleModels:ProtectingWomensMathTestPerformance.PersonalityandSocialPsychologyBulletin,28(9),
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MossRacusin,C.A.,Dovidio,J.F.,Brescoll,V.L.,Graham,M.J.,&Handelsman,J.(2012).Sciencefacultyssubtlegenderbiasesfavor malestudents.
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Naphan,D.E.,&Elliott,M.(2016).PredictingWomen'sPersistenceinCollegeEngineering:MicroAggressionsandIdentityManagement. Conference
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Steele,J.,James,J.B.,&Barnett,R.C.(2002).Learninginaman'sworld:Examiningtheperceptionsofundergraduatewomeninmaledominated
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