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ean, Median, Mode and Range
Definitions
The Mean, Median and Mode of a set of numbers are three types of "average" of the set.
However, the "Mean" is the term most commonly taken as the average.

Mean: The sum of a set of data divided by the

number of data

Median: The middle value or the mean of the

middle two values, when the data is
arranged in numerical order.

Mode: The value (number) that appears the most.

It is possible to have more than one mode,
and it is possible to have no mode.

Calculating Mean
To find the mean, you need to add up all the data, and then divide this total by the number of
values in the data.

Example 1: Find the Mean of 2, 2, 3, 5, 5, 7, 8

Adding the numbers up gives: 2 + 2 + 3 + 5 + 5 + 7 + 8 = 32

There are 7 values, so you divide the total by 7: 32 + 7 = 4.57 ...

So the mean is 4.57 (2 d.p.)

Example 2: Find the Mean of 2, 3, 3, 4, 6, 7

Adding the numbers up gives: 2 + 3 + 3 + 4 + 6 + 7 = 25

There are 6 values, so you divide the total by 6: 25 + 6 = 4.33 ...

So the mean is 4.33 (2 d.p.)

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Calculating Median
To find the median, you need to put the values in order, then find the middle value. If there are
two values in the middle, then you find the mean of these two values.

Example 1: Find the median of 2,2,3,5,5,7,8

The numbers in order: 2, 2 , 3 , (5) , 5 , 7 , 8

The middle value is marked in brackets, and it is 5.

So the median is 5

Example 2: Find the median of 2, 3, 3, 4, 6, 7

The numbers in order: 2,3, (3 ,4) , 6 , 7

This time there are two values in the middle. They have been put in brackets. The median is
found by calculating the mean of these two values: (3 + 4) .;-2 = 3.5

So the median is 3.5

Calculating Mode
The mode is the value which appears the most often in the data. It is possible to have more
than one mode if there is more than one value which appears the most.

Example 1: Find the mode of 2, 2, 3, 5, 5, 7, 8

The data values: 2, 2 , 3 , 5 , 5 , 7 , 8

The values which appear most often are 2 and 5. They both appear more time than any of the
other data values.

So the modes are 2 and 5

Example 2: Find the mode of 2, 3, 3, 4, 6, 7

The data values: 2, 3 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 7

This time there is only one value which appears most often - the number 3. It appears more
times than any of the other data values.

So the mode is 3.

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Calculating Range
To find the range, you first need to find the lowest and highest values in the data. The range is
found by subtracting the lowest value from the highest value.

Example 1: Find the range of 2, 2, 3, 5, 5, 7, 8

The data values: 2, 2 , 3 , 5 , 5 , 7 , 8

The lowest value is 2 and the highest value is 8. Subtracting the lowest from the highest gives:
8-2=6

So the range is 6

Example 2: Find the range of 2, 3, 3, 4, 6, 7

The data values: 2, 3 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 7

The lowest value is 2 and the highest value is 7. Subtracting the lowest from the highest
gives: ... 7 - 2 = 5

So the range is 5

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orksheet

1. A data set contains these 12 values: 3, 5, 9,4, 5, 11, 10, 5, 7, 7, 8, 10

(a) What is the mean?

(b) What is the median?
(c) What is the mode?
(d) What is the range?

2. Calculate the mean, median, mode and range for each set of data below:

(a)3,6, 3, 7,4,3,9
(b) 11,10,12, 12,9,10, 14, 12,9
(c) 2, 9, 7,3, 5, 5, 6, 5,4,9

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Answers

1 (a) 7 (b) 7 (c) 5 (d) 8

2 (a) Mean = 5
Median = 4
Mode = 3
Range = 6

(b) Mean = 11
Median = 11
Mode = 12
Range = 5

(c)
Mean = 5.5
Median = 5
Mode = 5
Range = 7

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Angles
Definitions and Conversions
We can specify an angle by using a point on each ray and the vertex. The angle below may be
specified as angle ABC or as angle CBA; you may also see this written as
L. ABC or as L. CBA. Note how the vertex point is always given in the middle.

Example:

Many different names exist for the same angle. For the angle below, L. PBC, L. PBW, L. CBP,
and L. WBA are all names for the same angle.

B
w
c

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Degrees and Radians: Measuring Angles

We measure the size of an angle using degrees. We can also use radians to measure angles.

There are 21t radians in 3600

The radius of a circle fits around the circumference 6.28 (or 21t) times. 1 radian = 57.3 degrees.
n
To convert from degrees to radians, use -- x 21t where nOis the number of degrees
360

Note: Degrees can be further subdivided into minutes and seconds.

60 seconds = 1 minute

60 minutes = 1 degree

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