ARCANGHEL B. RIA ARCANGHEL B. RIA ARCANGHEL B.

RIA
2ND 7-MABUTI 7-MABUTI 7-MABUTI

2ND MS.ROSEANN ENAJE GNG.LABONITE MRS.JOCELYN EDRA

ARCANGHEL B. RIA ARCANGHEL B. RIA ARCANGHEL B. RIA

2ND 7-MABUTI 7-MABUTI 7-MABUTI

2ND MRS.TRINIDAD GNG.LABONITE MR.DANIEL FRANCISCO

ARCANGHEL B. RIA ARCANGHEL B. RIA ARCANGHEL B. RIA

2ND 7-MABUTI 7-MABUTI 7-MABUTI

GNG.LABONITE GNG.GAUTANI MRS.JOCELYN PALAY

2ND
GRADING IKALAWANG FISH
IKALAWANG PROCESSING
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GRADING MARKAHAN IN IN IN IN
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2ND MUSIC
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HEALTH
GRADING
TYPES OF CELL
STEM CELL

Stem cells are unique cells of the body in that they are unspecialized and
have the ability to develop into specialized cells for specific organs or to
develop into tissues. Stem cells are able to divide and replicate many times
in order to replenish and repair tissue. In the field of stem cell research,
scientists are attempting to take advantage of the renewal properties of
stem cells by utilizing them to generate cells for tissue repair, organ
transplantation, and for the treatment of disease.

BONE CELL

Bones are a type of mineralized connective tissue and a major component

of the skeletal system. Bone cells form bone, which is composed of a matrix
of collagen and calcium phosphate minerals. There are three primary types
of bone cells in the body. Osteoclasts are large cells that decompose bone
for resorption and assimilation. Osteoblasts regulate bone mineralization
and produce osteoid (organic substance of bone matrix), which mineralizes
to form bone. Osteoblasts mature to form osteocytes. Osteocytes aid in
the formation of bone and help maintain calcium balance.

BLOOD CELL

From transporting oxygen throughout the body to fighting infection, cells of

the blood are vital to life. The three major types of cells in the blood are red
blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Red blood cells
determine blood type and are also responsible for transporting oxygen to
cells. White blood cells are immune systemcells that destroy pathogens and
provide immunity. Platelets help to clot blood and prevent excessive blood
loss due to broken or damaged blood vessels. Blood cells are produced
by bone marrow.

MUSCEL CELL

Muscle cells form muscle tissue, which is important for bodily

movement. Skeletal muscle tissue attaches to bones enabling voluntary
movement. Skeletal muscle cells are covered by connective tissue, which
protects and supports the muscle fiber bundles. Cardiac muscle cells
form involuntary cardiac muscle found in the heart. These cells aid in heart
contraction and are joined to one another by intercalated discs, which allow
for synchronization of the heart beat. Smooth muscle tissue is not
striated like cardiac and skeletal muscle. Smooth muscle is involuntary
muscle that lines body cavities and forms the walls of
many organs (kidneys, intestines, blood vessels, lung airways, etc.).

FAT CELL

Fat cells, also called adipocytes, are the major cell component of adipose
tissue. Adipocytes contain droplets of stored fat (triglycerides) that can be
used for energy. When fat is being stored, fat cells swell and become round
in shape. When fat is being used, these cells shrink in size. Adipose cells
also have an endocrine function as they produce hormones that influence
sex hormone metabolism, blood pressure regulation, insulin sensitivity, fat
storage and use, blood clotting, and cell signaling.

SKIN CELL

The skin is composed of a layer of epithelial tissue (epidermis) that is

supported by a layer of connective tissue (dermis) and an underlying
subcutaneous layer. The outermost layer of the skin is composed of flat,
squamous epithelial cells that are closely packed together. The skin protects
the internal structures of the body from damage, prevents dehydration, acts
as a barrier against germs, stores fat, and produces vitamins
and hormones.

NERVE CELL

Nerve cells or neurons are the basic unit of the nervous system. Nerves
send signals among the brain, spinal cord, and other body organs via nerve
impulses. A neuron consists of two major parts: a cell body and nerve
processes. The central cell body contains the neuron's nucleus,
associated cytoplasm, and organelles. Nerve processes are "finger-like"
projections (axons and dendrites) that extend from the cell body and are
able to conduct and transmit signals.

Endothelial Cells

Endothelial cells form the inner lining of cardiovascular

system and lymphatic system structures. These cells makes up the inner
layer of blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and organs including
the brain, lungs, skin, and heart. Endothelial cells are responsible for
angiogenesis or the creation of new blood vessels. They also regulate the
movement of macromolecules, gases, and fluid between the blood and
surrounding tissues, and help to regulate blood pressure.

SEX CELL

Sex cells or gametes are reproductive cells produced in male and

female gonads. Male sex cells or sperm are motile and have a long, tail-like
projection called a flagellum. Female sex cells or ova are non-motile and
relatively large in comparison to the male gamete. In sexual reproduction,
sex cells unite during fertilization to form a new individual. While other
body cells replicate by mitosis, gametes reproduce by meiosis.

CANCER CELL

Cancer results from the development of abnormal properties in normal

cells that enable them to divide uncontrollably and spread to other
locations. Cancer celldevelopment can be caused by mutations that occur
from factors such as chemicals, radiation, ultraviolet light, chromosome
replication errors, or viral infection. Cancer cells lose sensitivity to anti-
growth signals, proliferate rapidly, and lose the ability to
undergo apoptosis or programmed cell death.