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Cause-and-effect relationships cross scales from the

local to the global and from the global to the local.


For example, local events can have global outcomes,
such as the effects of local vegetation removal on
global climate.

Generalisations made and relationships found at one level of


scale may be different at a higher or lower level. For
example, in studies of vegetation, climate is the main factor
at the global scale but soil and drainage may be the main
factors at the local scale
Activity: Mapping
activity using scale Understand how visual
elements create meaning

Australian Curriculum Meaning: The concept using Google Earth or similar


of scale is about the way that geographical Visual Knowledge applications to collect
phenomena and problems can be examined at geographical information
different spatial levels

Literacy

Navigate, read and view Comprehending texts through


Links specifically to teaching
learning area texts listening, reading and viewing
Navigate, read and view learning area texts learning sequence #2 when
developing the scale for mapping
Explore features and How does changing the
functions for students environment effect the world
Comprehending texts through
listening, reading and viewing Interpret and analyse
learning area texts

How can we use the environment in a How does the environment support
Understand learning Activity developed for this looking Cross Curricula Researching
Word Knowledge more sustainable manner own life and life of others Scale: Key Focus Area
Literacy area vocabulary at recycling and waste Objectives

Places are important to our security, identity and identifying some of the resources produced by
sense of belonging, and they provide us with the the environment and where they come from
services and facilities needed to support and enhance (for example, water, food and raw materials
our lives. Where people live can influence their such as fibres, timber and metals that make the Questioning
Recognise and use
wellbeing and opportunities. things they use). This directly links to Analysing patterns and relationships
Places are parts of the Earths surface that are Researching
Explain how peoples connection with their environment is important Cross Curricula identified and given meaning by people. They Environment, space and place Numeracy Interpret data displays
The ability to sustain life both
Explore particular strategies to protect environments both now and in the future Objectives now and in the future may be perceived, experienced, understood
and valued differently. Reflecting
Interpret maps
and diagrams

Critical and exploring the work of groups and


Creative Thinking organisations which manage natural Using spatial reasoning
resources and/or waste

The places in which we live The sustainability of places may be threatened by a range Interpreting statistical information
Australian Curriculum Meaning of Place: The concept of
Inquiring identifying, exploring and Organise and are created, changed and place is about the significance of places and what they are of factors, for example, natural hazards; climate change;
Identify and clarify
organising information and ideas process information managed by people. like. In the Australian Curriculum: Geography, an economic, social and technological change; government
information and ideas
understanding of the concept of place is developed in the decisions; conflict; exhaustion of a resource and
following ways: environmental degradation.

The environment is the product of geological,


The environment supports and enriches human and other life
atmospheric, hydrological, geomorphic, edaphic
by providing raw materials and food, absorbing and recycling
Links specifically to teaching (soil), biotic and human processes
wastes, maintaining a safe habitat and being a source of
Place and learning pattern #2 when enjoyment and inspiration.
creating own place Links Specifically to teaching and
learning pattern #2 when creating own
Progress towards environmental sustainability environmental features on map
depends on the maintenance or restoration of Examine the use and management of
the environmental functions that sustain all life resources and waste, and views about
and human wellbeing how to achieve sustainability
An understanding of the causes of unsustainability requires a Students mental map of the world expands to
study of the environmental processes producing the South America and Africa and their main
degradation of an environmental function; the human actions There are a variety of contested views on how countries and characteristics
that have initiated these processes progress towards sustainability should be Custodial responsibility of Aboriginal
achieved and these are often informed by and Torres Strait Islander Peoples to
worldviews such as stewardship. their Country/Place Links specifically to learning sequence #1
when considering how human impact effects
the environment around us
Australian Curriculum meaning:The
concept of sustainability is about the Australian Curriculum meaning:The concept of environment is Each type of environment has its specific hazards.
Sustainability is both a goal and a about the significance of the environment in human life, and the The impact of these hazards on people is determined
capacity of the environment to continue
way of thinking about how to
to support our lives and the lives of Sustainability: Key Focus Area Year 4 HASS: Geography Environment important interrelationships between humans and the by both natural and human factors, and can be
progress towards that goa environment. In the Australian Curriculum: Geography, an reduced but not eliminated by prevention, mitigation
other living creatures into the future. In
the Australian Curriculum understanding of the concept of environment is developed and preparedness.

Custodial responsibility of Aboriginal using geographical tools (for example, a globe, a wall
and Torres Strait Islander Peoples to map or digital application such as Google Earth) to An understanding of the current processes of change
their Country/Place identify the major countries of Africa and South America can be used to predict change in the future and to
and their relative locations. This links space, place and environment identify what would be needed to achieve preferred and
more sustainable futures

Features and functions of Students mental map of the world expands to


environments that support Interconnection Examine the use and management of Space South America and Africa and their main
humans and other living things resources and waste, and views about countries and characteristics
how to achieve sustainability

Australian Curriculum Meaning The concept of Environmental, economic, social and


change is about explaining geographical technological change is spatially uneven,
Change phenomena by investigating how they have
Links specifically to teaching and and affects places differently.
developed over time.
learning sequence #1when determining Links Specifically to teaching and learning
Australian Curriculum meaning: The concept of
where specific waste goes sequence #2 when determine where
interconnection emphasises that no object of
specific features should go
Holistic thinking is about seeing the geographical study can be viewed in isolation. In
interconnections between phenomena and the Australian Curriculum: Geography, an
processes within and between place understanding of the concept of interconnection
is developed
Links specifically to teaching learning
sequence #1 when looking what human Environmental change can occur over both short and
impact can have and what we can change long time frames, and both time scales have
to improve sustainability interrelationships with human activities
Australian Curriculum meaning: The concept of space is The environmental and human characteristics of places are
about the significance of location and spatial distribution, influenced by their location, but the effects of location and
Spaces are perceived, structured, organised and
and ways people organise and manage the spaces that we distance from other places on people are being reduced,
managed by people, and can be designed and
live in. In the Australian Curriculum: Geography, an though unequally, by improvements in transport and
redesigned, to achieve particular purposes
understanding of the concept of space is developed communication technologies.
Places and the people and organisations in them are
interconnected with other places in a variety of ways.
These interconnections have significant influences on
the characteristics of places and on changes in these
characteristics

Environmental and human processes, for example, the water cycle,


urbanisation or human-induced environmental change, are sets of
cause-and-effect interconnections that can operate between and within
places. They can sometimes be organised as systems involving
networks of interconnections through flows of matter, energy,
information and actions
The individual characteristics of places form spatial
distributions, and the analysis of these distributions
contributes to geographical understanding. The
distributions also have environmental, economic, social
and political consequences.

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