Recommended text: Introductory Chemistry A foundation (Zumdahl, Decoste)
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Properties of matter Matter Describes the arrangement and movement of particles in the 3 states of matter Physical and chemical Describe and identify properties and properties and changes changes Elements and compounds Describe elements and compounds as pure substances Mixtures and Pure substances Describe mixtures as impure substances that can be separated by physical means Separation of mixtures Understand filtration and distillation Bonding Types of chemical bonds Recognize that atoms can form ionic, covalent or metallic bond Electronegativity and bond Define electronegativity and understand polarity that electronegativity difference is related to bond polarity Stable electron configurations Understand the duet and octet rule and charges of ions Ionic bonding Ionic bond as transfer of electron Lewis structures Learn to draw Lewis structures with the help of periodic table Molecular structure and VSEPR Predict molecular shape and angle using VSEPR Intermolecular forces Compare and explain boiling point difference between substances Chemical periodicity Rutherfords atom Appreciate that the knowledge of atom is built on evidences obtained in various experiments Electromagnetic radiation and Understand wave properties and light as atomic emission waves Bohr model and wave Compare the two models of atom and mechanical model of atom understand why the Bohr model is now obsolete Orbitals and electronic Recognize the shape of different orbitals configuration and is able to apply rules in working out electronic configurations Understand the anomalous configurations of Cr and Cu Periodic trends Understand the gradual transition from metals to metalloids to non-metals in the periodic table Relate atomic position to atomic size, ionization energy Stoichiometry Atomic mass Introduce amu unit The mole quantity 6.02 x 1023 Molar mass Understand the importance of using mass per mole of substance in calculations Percent by mass Be able to calculate percent by mass from a chemical formula Honor Chemistry Topic break-down
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Empirical and molecular Understand the difference between the two formulae formulae Mole-mole relationship Learn to relate reaction stoichiometry using mole ratio Mole-mass relationship Calculate theoretical yield from given quantity of reactants Limiting reactants Identify limiting and excess reactants Percent yield Calculate percent yield from actual and theoretical yield Thermochemistry Temperature and heat Q = mc delta T Exothermic and endothermic Classify and understand the two types of processes energy processes Measuring energy changes Describe the basic setup of a calorimeter and ways to reduce heat loss Hesss law Use of Hesss law to calculate unknown enthalpy change Spontaneity of reactions Use enthalpy and entropy to predict reaction spontaneity at different temperature Kinetics Collision theory Understand the requirements for a reaction to occur Energy profile of reaction and Be able to draw an energy profile (labelled) activation energy and understand the meaning of activation energy Factors affecting rate of Describes the 5 factors reaction Equilibria The equilibrium conditions Describes some features of equilibrium Equilibrium constant Write Kc expressions Types of equilibria: Classify equilibria into the 2 types Homogeneous and Heterogeneous equilibria Le Chtelier's principle Describe and apply to principle in predicting direction of equilibrium Applications Apply Le Chtelier's principle on Haber and Contact process Acids and bases Introduction to acids and bases Identify acid and base from their formulae Strength of acid Distinguish between strong and weak acids Water as an amphiprotic Understand amphiprotic substances as substance things that can either accept or donate protons pH scale Classify substances as acidic, neutral or basic according to its pH pH calculation of strong acid pH = -log[H+] Buffer Understand the ability of buffer to resist pH change as a result of its special composition Oxidation-reduction Redox introduction Describe and explain oxidation and reduction events in reactions Oxidation states Calculate and understand the meaning of oxidation states Honor Chemistry Topic break-down
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Balancing redox equations Balance redox equations using either the half-equation method or the oxidation number method Electrochemistry Apply concepts of chemical potential to explain the principle of voltaic (galvanic cells) Electrolysis Predict and explain the products formed by electrolysis of molten ionic compounds