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Culture Documents
Description:
Updated November 2015! Thorough Chazara sheets, written mainly in English,
reviewing Mishnayos Rosh Hashana! The sheets include a summary, a phrase-
by-phrase translation of each Mishnah, review questions and additional
information to aid the Talmid in his understanding of the concepts presented by
the Mishnayos.
What to download
Download the print-ready PDF file (includes lesson plan/instructions).
Goals/Objectives:
Students will review and display mastery of the material by answering the
questions. They will refer to the translations as needed and they will read
supplemental information to help them gain a more comprehensive
understanding of the Mishnayos.
Instructions:
1. Teach the material to the class.
2. Have students read the supplemental information together in order for
them to gain a comprehensive understanding of the concepts presented
by the Mishnayos.
3. Have students complete the review sections of the sheets. Go over the
answers together.
____________________
SUMMARY
The discusses four times during the year that are :
/
Each is the beginning of the year for a different thing. This is
similar to the of the school year. The 1st day of the new (school)
year begins in September. Even though it is really not the beginning of the
year it is the of the new school year.
What are the names of the 12 months of the year? (In Hebrew)
1 2 3 4 5 6
7 8 9 10 11 12
1. When writing a ( document) the year of the ______________ must be included.
2. If someone promises to bring a they have one year of ____________ _________ to bring it.
3. When giving , all of the produce must be from the same _____________ .
4. When someone plants fruit __________ they cannot eat from the ____________ for the first ___ years.
This is called ______________. On the fourth year the food is brought up to be eaten in _________________.
These fruits are called ____________ __________ .
5. means taking off ___ out of _____. We take on ___________ ____________ and animals.
On this day the 29th of On this day the 1st of
the 1st Day of the 1st the 1st Day of the 2nd
year of the rule of our year of the rule of our
Majesty King... Majesty King...
We learn from that a new year for a Jewish King begins on regardless of what day he
became king. Even if he became king only one day earlier on the last day of , the second year of his reign
still begins on . Our is important regarding -Documents. All documents used to
have the date and the year of the King written on them.
Extra Info: Did you know? The year written on a was tremendously important in regards to a loan
(a debt or ). If someone lends money they may place a lien () on the land ()
of the borrower
(). A lien allows the lender ( ) to collect the borrowers land if he doesnt pay back the loan. Since land
can never run-away people are willing to lend large sums of money if they have a lien on the borrowers land
(most businesses need to borrow large sums of money). Even if the borrower sells his land, if the lender has a
lien he can take it away from the buyer. The land is owed to the lender. A lien only allows the lender to col-
lect land from the date that the was written. If someone borrows from 2 people the one whos is dated
first will be the one who can collect land from the borrower. It is therefore imperative that the proper date is
written on the .
If someone promises to bring a he must bring it before the pass. However all three
need to pass in order: , before one violates the of ,
delaying the bringing of a past .
____________________
On the 1st of -
!This is because at the cut-off date for this years there were only
Next Years 5 SHEEP
2 groups of 10 that taking off ( 1/10) is possible on. The remaining 5
N/A
(so far)
sheep wait until the upcoming year to take off
on them.
(TOTAL 30
(Whenever there are less than 10 sheep leftover
( 1/10) cannot be taken).
SHEEP)
is for
5 things
On the 1st of -
1. Is "for years (counting the years of non-Jewish Kings) -
- Similar to , (Jewish Kings) the new year for non- Jewish Kings begins on . Regardless
of when he actually became King.
: The created a 7 year cycle for doing work on ones field in - . On the 7th year no
work (plowing, planting, harvesting) is allowed to be performed on the field. begins on and
lasts the entire year.
: After 7 cycles of ( 49 years) the decreed that the 50th year is . All the rules of
apply on this year. In addition, Jewish servants are set free, and houses and fields that had been sold over the
past 50 years are returned to their original owners
Did you know? On all years of the cycle different gifts are given out. All 6 years is given to a
and ( 1st tithing) is given to a . A second tithing is also always taken. On years 1,2,4, and
5 it is called which is eaten in . On years 3 and 6 it is called and it is given to poor
people.
____________________
4. For planting trees, (waiting 3 years for )-
When a new tree is planted it is ( forbidden) to eat its fruit for the first 3 years. These forbidden fruits are
called . On the 4th year the fruit must be brought to and eaten there. The produce of this year is
called
( plantings of the fourth).
Extra Info: Did you know? If the tree was planted at least 45 days before it is considered to have had
enough time to take root. We will then considered it like it had been planted for one whole year. Therefore in
there is always a rush to plant trees before ( 45 days before ) .
There is a to take ( 1/10th) on vegetables and give them to a . The cut-off date for is
. Any vegetables that are harvested before belong to of that year. Any vegetables
harvested after would be part of the next years .
SUMMARY
The teaches us that the world is judged on 4 separate times
for different needs:
- on Grain
- on Fruit
- Every Person
- on Water
____________________
At four times
-
the world is judged -
On for grain -
On we are judged on who much grain will grow. That is why we bring a special from barley
on the second day of .
On ,
for the fruits of the tree -
In the name for is . On the world is judged on rain water. We have a special of
, pouring water on the . We also have a special for rain and begin saying
on .
____________________
Questions
WORKSHEET
SUMMARY
The teaches us that ) ( , would send out messengers
to inform - when and would be. The
messengers were sent out only on the 6 months that had important days
) ( that made knowing the day of
extremely important and urgent.
1
2
4. What made these 6 months special, what do they have in them? ________________________
3
WORKSHEET
1. What was the 2nd month that went out? (when there was no ) Answers
A) B) C) D) 1.
4. -
5 -
6. -
7. -
____________________
INTRODUCTION
The rest of and discuss the of
.
This is the to make
.
commanded - to be the
when the , the new moon appears. This is the very first
given to - as a whole.
To understand this better we are going to explain a little about the functions of the moon. The moon has
no light of its own. Instead it reflects light from the sun. As the moon orbits earth it will reflect different
amounts of light. (Look at the picture!) When the moon is between us and the sun it doesnt give off any light,
this is considered to be the end of the month for Yidden (#1).
A day later the moon moves over slightly and it begins to reflect some of the suns light (#2). This is
called the , the appearance of the new moon and we make this day into
. The moon continues
to grow until in the middle of the month, the moon will be directly opposite us and the sun and we see a full
moon (#3).
Afterwards the moon begins to get smaller again, until it will eventually disappear for a day or two
(#4). It will then reappear, and it will be
once again.
1
4
2
3
This Lunar (moon) cycle takes exactly 29 days, 12 hours, and 793 for the moon to go completely
around earth. [In we use instead of seconds. There are 1080 in an hour. Each is 3.333
seconds.] Since it takes 29 and a half days for the new-moon to appear, when the time occurs early in the
morning of the 29th day of the month, the new moon will be visible that evening. Other times the might
only occur late in the evening following the 29th day (which would already be considered the 30th day, SINCE
A NEW DAY IN BEGINS IN THE EVENING !!!) and in which case the new moon would not be
visible until the night after the 30th (which is day 31).
Since our months are based on the lunar cycle of 29.5 days (the time it takes for the moon to go complete-
ly around), our
can have either 29 or 30 days in a month ( since a month cant have half a day ). When a
month has only 29 days it is called a
( a month that has less ). There is no day thirty, rather the 30th
day is
of the new month. A month with 30 days in it is called a
( a complete month ). We
treat both and as
.
WEDN. THURS. FRI. WEDN. THURS. FRI.
____________________
INTRODUCTION
The commands us to make the , in their correct seasons, in the spring
and in the fall. The seasons of spring, summer, winter, and fall are based on the solar year. A solar year
has 365 days. However a Jewish, lunar ( moon-based) year has only 354 days in it ( 29.5 x 12 = 354 ). Our year
and our seasons are off by 11 days. To fix this add an extra month of to the year (approximately once
every three years). This is called an ( the word means extra or pregnant ).
S M T W S M T W
____________________
SUMMARY
The teaches us when were allowed to be
to go testify in about the new moon. When
the stood they could go for all months. After it
was destroyed they could only be for the 2
months that had major in them. (Later on in
we will explain in detail why they were allowed to desecrate
.)
When the stood witnesses were allowed to desecrate for every _____________
This was to make sure that the correct _____________ are brought in the .
This also makes sure that ____________ _________ come out , in their correct time.
After the was __________________ you could only be _____________ Shabbos for ____ months.
It was necessary to go out for these months in order for people to know when the of _________________,
After the was destroyed and there were no more , there was no longer
a need for to be and come to . However for the months of and
, would still send out messengers to tell people when , , and
would be. They would therefore allow the to travel on for these 2
months.
____________________
Questions
WORKSHEET
-
-
-
Please write the letter answer on the line. If there is more than one correct answer, Answers
write all that apply.
1. If witnesses see the new on it is ______ for them to go testify .
A) B) C) a D) 1.
SUMMARY
The brings a regarding if should be
when the moon was seen clearly.
The says the should still travel on .
says that the shouldnt be
KEY WORDS
____________________
Our brings a between the and ' regarding the following scenario: The
moon was seen clearly outside the city of on the night of . The says that
the who saw it should be to travel to to testify about the new moon. '
disagrees and says that since the moon was seen clearly we can assume that it was also seen in
. It therefore isnt necessary to be . The follows the who says that
we are to come testify, even if the moon was seen clearly.
SUMMARY
The brings a story in which many were being to
get to . We see from this story that the is like the
in the previous who says that even when many people
certainly saw the new moon (because it was seen ), should still
be to come testify.
KEY WORDS
____________________
-
A story happened
That there passed -
More than 40 pairs of witnesses -
And held them back in -
- sent to him () -
If you hold back the public -
You will find (cause) -
That you have caused harm in the future -
When - ' , who was the leader of , heard about what '
had done he sent him the following message: If you stop who were
already on their way from coming to give their , in the future they may
feel that it isnt worthwhile for them to come, even when they are really need-
ed. This may cause problems in the future. Therefore you should have let
them come. The follows -' .
____________________
Questions
WORKSHEET
SUMMARY
This begins teaching us the of who is to be an on the new moon.
An must be someone who we can trust. Our discusses a about if
relatives (who can each testify by himself) are allowed to testify together for
.
PART I: The says relatives are to testify together. This is
because are always to testify together. This applies to any . '
argues and says that for relatives are allowed to testify
together.
PART II: ' brings a story like the :That relatives are to
testify together. The story mentions a second regarding the status of
a freed slave as an . The allows a freed slave to be an . '
and the of the say that a freed slave is .
PART I
DEFINE: -
-
-
The says that all ( testimony) requires two to testify. /relatives are to
be together.
The holds that for needs like any other . Therefore /relatives
are . Even so, the says they should still go up to . Not that relatives will be used together,
rather, just in case finds a with one of them, the remaining can combine with someone else that
arrives to testify.
says -
A father and his son and all relatives -
Are acceptable to testify about the new moon -
' holds that relatives are to be for , even though he agrees that relatives
are for all other . ' explains that there is a difference between and all other .
This is because by the of , ' commanded and (his brother) together about the .
From here we see that in regards relatives are . (The says:
) ' () :
') ,'(
____________________
Questions
WORKSHEET
Answers
1. Are normally accepted together as ?
A) Yes B) No C) By D) On 1.
3. The first of ________________ accepted ______ and his _______________, & not his ____________.
4. The second , the were ________ and his _________________, & not his ___________.
WORKSHEET Answers
SUMMARY
The teaches us that not everyone is to be an .
Some people are from testifying and some are .
Slaves (who arent freed) and women are . Anyone whom
we suspect of dishonesty or improper dealings in money is
from testifying.
INTRODUCTION
1. As we have learnt there are different reasons why someone is not _______ to be an .
2. Some may be _____________and some may be _____________.
3. Every person can normally be trusted since they each have a ________________.
4. Some people may lose their _______________by engaging in dishonest activities.
5. This is only ____________. However a woman or ________ are .
6. Someone who is a gambler forces others to pay against their will which is _____________.
7. This is because the loser really never expected to lose so much and need to _________.
8. Our considers someone who is a _____________ racer to also be a gambler.
9. Getting more money back than what was lent out is called ____________.
10. This is a very serious _____________. Someone who does this is _______ .
11. Produce from is _________ therefore selling it is __________.
12. The rule is: Anything that a __________ isnt acceptable for, these arent either.
KEY PHRASES
____________________
Every Yid has a , we believe that they are honest and only say the truth. The first four people in
our lose our trust in them because they commit for money. We are afraid that people like this
may easily lie if someone would pay them. therefore made them from being .
The was all fruits owned by a Yid that grew during the year of . Although we
are allowed to eat the fruits that grew it is to sell them. Someone that violates the laws of
the to make money selling fruits of is from being an . We are afraid he will
testify falsely to make money.
This is rule -
Any testimony that a woman is not accepted for -
Also they (the in our ) -
Are not acceptable for it -
a woman is not allowed to be an . This is learnt from . However, a woman is permitted to
say about a man that died in order to permit his wife to get remarried. This is a special exception we
make to save women from being ( women who we dont know what happened to their husbands and
therefore they can never marry). All of the can testify about the status of a husband even though they
are for all other .
____________________
WORKSHEET
Answers
1. To testify about other people a person must be a ________ .
A) B) C) D) 1.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
SUMMARY
The teaches us why being the allows us to be . This is
because it will effect what day will be. It is so important that the
arrive in on time to testify that they may take along whatever is needed.
This is because the says which teaches us that the must
come out on the day declared by .
The also teaches us that the can only be if they can arrive by
afternoon. (Otherwise, if the arrive afterwards they could not be
accepted and the month we will just have 2 days of .)
INTRODUCTION
1. As we have learnt before in , that saw the new moon were allowed to be _______
________ to go testify. This was only for the ___ months mentioned that had in them.
2. It makes sense that the ________ should only be allowed to go on if they can arrive in time.
3. Therefore the furthest distance that may travel is a journey of __ ________ and __ day.
4. It is important to get to on time so that we can determine what day _______ _____ will be.
5. The reason were allowed to be is because it says ____________ in the .
6. This word teaches us that ________ ______ must be made based on when declares .
7. that are on their way to testify are allowed to ride on a ________ or be carried in a _______.
8. They may bring ___________ if they are afraid on an ___________ and they may also bring food.
KEY WORDS
/ / Meaning of the :
____________________
could only be if their journey was no longer than one night, , and one day. If their journey
would take any longer there would be no point in them coming. would only wait until the afternoon of the
30th day for to arrive. After that time they would no longer accept and there would be 2 days of .
The only way we could ever allow someone to be is if there is a clear source in the for
doing so. The says that the of must be called (meaning: declared by )
in their appointed (meaning: proper) times. This means that even if it requires ,
- must still ensure that ( and thereby ) occur at their proper time.
____________________
Questions
WORKSHEET
Answers
1. After the was destroyed for how many months may go to testify?
A) 6 B) 12 C) 5 D) 2 1.
A) Yes B) No C) If there is a D)
4.
5. What word teaches us that we are allowed to desecrate to testify?
A) B) C) D) 5.
6. Translate each phrase from 5:
A) B) C) D)
1
Sticks
2 Bed
3
Bring
4 Food
5 Journey
6 Far
7 Take
8 Ambush
____________________
OVERVIEW OF
continues teaching us about the for . It will
then teach us about the procedures for actually being the new
month and how the news was spread around. It is important to
keep in mind that these were written after the destruction of
the 2nd . Times were difficult for - and they
had many enemies who were eager to end ancient Jewish customs
and their clinging to the words of the .
SUMMARY
The teaches us that not just anybody could be an for
. needed to make sure that they recognized and knew
that the were trustworthy people.
INTRODUCTION
1. Every single Yid has a __________________________________ .
2. Originally would except ___________________ to be an for _________________ __________________.
3. After the was destroyed groups of _______________________ wanted to harm the frum Yidden.
4. They would even testify falsely in order to make and the of ______________ come out when they wanted.
5. As a result decreed that they would only except from people who they ______________________.
6. If the suspected that the main () wouldnt recognize him the local would send along __ other
to tell them that the ________ was indeed .
WORKSHEET
Answers
1. Originally who would accept from?
A) B) C) D) 1.
2. Who did harm that caused to stop accepting testimony from anyone?
A) B) C) D)
2.
3. After those people did harm who would accept from?
A) B) C) D)
3.
4. If someone thought wouldnt be him, what was done?
A) B) C) D)
4.
5. Normally every is believed because of his ___________ ____________
what went wrong?
A) B) C) D)
5.
6. How many people were sent to be on the witness that wasnt recognized?
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 6.
Story continued:
One year the 30th day of was . The wanted that day to be because
then the 1st day of would come out on . This way would begin the following day
on Sunday and would came out 7 weeks later on Sunday. If theyre plan worked they could get
all of - to keep their !The
hired false to lie and say they saw the moon!
What the
didnt know was that their false witness was actually loyal to . When
he was asked by how he had seen the new moon, he described it in a very strange way. He said,
the moon was crouching between two rocks, its head looked like a calf, its ears like a goat, its horns
like a deer and its tail was placed between its thighs. I looked at it, and got such a shock that I fell over
backwards. And if you don't believe me, here is the two hundred Zuz that the gave me to
testify falsely. The false quickly explained that he came to testify falsely to make sure no one
else could get away with doing it. gave allowed the to keep the money he was given and gave
the people that hired him . To make sure this would never happen decreed that only people
they were as trustworthy would be allowed to testify .
SUMMARY
The tells us how used to spread the news of
and why they needed to change that practice.
INTRODUCTION
1. In the previous we learnt that one time the ______________ did harm and made to
come out on the wrong day.
2. They did this by hiring false ____________.
3. In this we learn about how the ______________ also harmed - .
4. Originally would ____________________ to declare that the 30th was turned into ____.
5. The would wave torches on the night of the 1st even though _______ hadnt come.
6. As a result stopped waving torches and would only ____________ ______________.
Questions Answers
1. Who was the original practice of being
?
A)
B) C)
D) 1.
2. What was ?
A)
B)
C) D)
2.
3. would be
at NIGHT. Which day preceded (came before) it ?
A) The 1st B) The 30th C) The 29th D) The 2nd 3.
4. Originally, why would be
?
A) B) C) D)
4.
5. Who were the ?
A)
B) C) D) 5.
*
____________________
In the beginning -
They ( ) would light -
Torches -
From when the did harm -
They established (decreed) -
That there should be messengers going out -
Once accepted the testimony of the they are the 30th day as . The day now
becomes of the new month (If the dont come by the afternoon of the 30th there will be 2 days of
) . now needed to spread this important news to the rest of - . That
evening on the night AFTER ( ) , would go up to the mountain tops and light
torches (as will be explained in detail in ) & . This would signal to all of - that the
previous day was and this month was a ( it only had 29 days). used this
system until the decided to harm - . They lit torches on the night of the 30th
when the moon had not been seen. This caused much confusion. As a result decreed that
only
would be sent.
: The are discussed in in ) ( .
conquered the northern part of - and exiled the 10
who lived there. To make it more difficult for the Yidden to return he
imported a non-Jewish nation and settled them there. The were
. Since - was so at that time it couldnt
tolerate the idol-worshipping . sent bands of lions that constantly attacked the .
Realizing that the lion attacks werent natural, the complained to . forced a
to teach the about being a Yid and serving . The converted and the lion attacks
stopped. At first it seemed that when the converted they accepted to become Yidden.
They were extremely careful about certain . But after a while it was soon discovered that
the used to also secretly serve their old . decreed that - needed to
treat as if they were . This made the very resentful of us and they began to go
out of their way to harm - .
SUMMARY
The teaches us in detail how the original procedure of
waving torches would take place.
INTRODUCTION
3. would send someone to the top of a _____ and ____________ fire to a torch.
4. The torch was made out of (1)______________________ (2)________________________
(3)__________________________ (4)_______________________ and was tied with a ___________.
5. The of would then wave it forwards, backwards, (3) _________ and (4)_________
6. Someone on a _________ mountain and a _______ mountain waited for this signal and did the same.
____________________
On the night of the 30th posted men on top of several mountains to wait and see if the
day was ( made into ) ) These would bring along torches made out
of very bright burning and long lasting materials. When it was announced that the 30th was in-
deed the of would climb onto the top of a mountain and wave the torch
up down front and back. This signaled to a similar waiting on another mountain who
would also light a torch and begin waving. They would continue to wave until they saw torches
lit on the next few mountains.
____________________
Questions
WORKSHEET
Answers
1. What does this come to teach us about?
A)
B) C) D) 1.
2. Which items were actual parts of the torch? (see Question #3 before answering)
A) B)
C) D)
2.
3. Which items are descriptions of the materials or what was done to them?
A) B)
C) D)
3.
4. Which was the 3rd direction the torch was waved?
A)
B) C) D)
4.
5. When would the person waving stop waving?
A) B)
C) D)
5.
6. Draw a picture of your torch. Make sure to label the names of all the parts.
____________________
SUMMARY
The continues teaching us the details of how they would
wave torches. The tells us all the places where torches
were lit.
OVERVIEW
1. After declared the previous day to be they spread the news by waving
2. They would wave the torches in _____ directions on the tops of ______________________.
3. The first place that began waving was right outside of the and is known today as
4. The news needed to travel to ___________. This place is called ____________ meaning
the exile.
5. People would light torches until it spread to _____________ _______ in the north of .
6. From there they everyone in ( the )would light torches until it looked like a huge
________________.
On each mountain top people eagerly waited to see if the previous day had become
. The news needed to travel to to inform the large Jewish communities. As soon as
a torch was seen each mountaintop would also light their own torch. This continued and spread
throughout - . The light of the torches spread all the way to on the northern
border of - and . There they wouldnt extinguish their torches until all the Yidden
of lit torches on their rooftops. For someone looking at the )( the entire city
appeared like a huge bonfire, and from there the news was spread to the rest of .
____________________
Questions
WORKSHEET
Answers
1. What is another name for ?
A) B) C) D) 1.
2. What was the last city in that waved torches?
A) B) C) D)
2.
3. What words best describe what WAS done in ( ? tricky)
A)
B) C) D)
3.
4. Where were torches waved after
?
A) B) C) D)
4.
5. True or False: was in
T) true F) false
5.
6. What is ?
____________________
SUMMARY
The tells us where the who came on to testify
would go. It then explains why we needed to allow that
travelled beyond their to walk around the city and
not be stuck The details other people who are similar
to in regarding their permission to travel beyond the
and then return home.
Overview
1. On it is _________ to go beyond ___________ which is the __________ .
2. If someone goes beyond this area he is stuck in a space of ___ or in the house he is in.
3. that saw the new moon on would rush to in _________________ to testify.
4. When the arrived they were gathered into ___________ ____________.
5. This was a large ______________ surrounded by walls.
6. Once they were there they couldnt leave the until the end of ___________.
7. The would be stuck there and notice many other witnesses. This would make them feel
bad so prepared ________________ _________________ to make them feel good.
8. was __________ that since the came for a they would acquire a new .
9. This allowed them to walk ___________ ___________ in every direction like a regular resi-
dent of the city.
PART I
In the beginning -
They (the )would not move from there the entire day -
- decreed (established) -
That they can travel -
2000 ( the ) -
In every direction -
( city limits)
decreed that a person is not allowed to walk beyond the limits of his city on . Once starts you
acquire the of whatever city youre in. This is known as the . The or [border] limit of a city is
2,000 from outside the walls of the city. A person IS allowed to walk up until this point. The
penalize someone who goes beyond the 2,000 limit by not allowing him to walk more than 4 in
any direction until the end of . HELP IM STUCK IN THESE 4 !!!
2,000
they should be considered like regular citi- zens of and acquire the
of someone who lives in .This allowed them to
travel anywhere in itself and 2,000 outside of the city.
____________________
Questions
WORKSHEET
Answers
? gather when they came to 1. Where would the
)A )B )C )D 1.
? that were in the do to the 2. What would
)A )B
)C
)D
2.
? 3. What was made in
)A
)B )C )D
3.
?4. Why
)A )B )C
)D
4.
?) go after they had testified (on 5. Originally where would the
)A )B )C )D
5.
? decree 6. What did
)A )B )C )D
6.
) make this decree? (Explain 7. Why did
Used to
Make
It was
Direction
In order
Move
Called
To go/Journey
Enter/Gather
Check
____________________
But rather -
Also a midwife that comes to [help] give birth (1) -
And the one who comes to save -
From a fire (2) -
And from an (invading) army (3) -
And from a river(4) -
And from a fallen building(5) -
All of these are like the men of the city -
And they have 2000 -
In every direction -
The same that applies to , that we give them a new because they were doing a
of coming to give , also applies to anyone else that was required to leave the . If
there is a situation of ( saving someones life) it is a to go and try to save them. The
lists 5 different examples of people that are going on life-saving mission that may require them to
go out beyond their . Once they are done they get a new and are allowed to walk 2,000
in any direction.
1. Helping a woman give birth
2. Saving someone from a fire
3. Protecting against an enemy army
4. Saving from a flooding river
5. Rescuing people from a collapsed building
PART II
KEY WORDS
Questions
WORKSHEET
PART II Answers
1. In this part of the : How many people are listed that get a new ?
A) 6 B) 5 C) 4 D) 3 1.
2. Why do they get a new ?
A) They were doing a B) C) D) All the above
2.
3. Who could this be very important to nowadays?
A) A man whose wife is B) Doctors C) Firefighter D) Hatzaloh Members
about to have a baby 3.
Please write the words from the AND their translation for each picture.
4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
____________________
SUMMARY
This describes in detail how would check the
and their .
* *
* *
____________________
The truth is that was really only testing the . The only possible answer to this question is
, away from the sun. As the says later . This is because it is
impossible for the dark part of the moon to be facing the sun. The light of the moon is really just a reflection of
the light of the sun shining on it. It is impossible for there to be no light on the part of the moon that is
(towards/facing) the sun, without there being light on the part of the moon that is
( with its back towards the sun).
(Was it) To the north or to the south (of the sun)? (2) -
(2) Was the moon to the north or south of the sun? Based on various calculations and the seasons the position of
the moon in the sky would be different. The used this info to tell if they were saying the truth.
____________________
If he said (the )
it was facing the sun -
He did not say anything -
: As we explained previously, he didn't say anything truthful that we can use for .
Clearly the are mistaken about what they saw since this is impossible !
WORKSHEET
Answers
BEFORE they could use their did to 1. What best describes what
?
)A )B )C
)D
1.
? before they checked them of do to the 1st 2. What did
)A )B )C
)D
2.
? of do with all the remaining 3. What did
)A )B )C
)D
3.
?) check first (did was 4. Which
)A )B )C )D
4.
?5. Which question was really a trick question
)A )B
)C )D
5.
?6. Which question means How high was the moon
)A )B
)C )D
6.
?7. Which question means How wide was the moon
)A )B
)C )D
7.
? feel if they wouldnt be questioned by 8. How would the
)A )B )C )D
8.
?s words need to be 9. How did the 2
)A
)B )C )D
9.
? leave 10. What may happen if the
)A )B )C )D
10.
1 Main
2
Matching/Similar
3 Leaning
4 Disappointment
5 High
6 Wide
7
To where
8 Accepted/Stands
____________________
SUMMARY
The explains the process of actually being the . It then
brings a regarding if is the only when the moon
was seen in its right time (on the night of the 30th). Or, is the
new month (on the 31st) even when did not come.
Answers
Date:
Date?
____________________
The declares -
It is holy (special) -
And all of the nation (people present) answer after him -
It is , It is -
HOW DO WE KNOW: By the of the says:
) (
This teaches us that the one in charge of is supposed to declare the day .
The also says: ) (
.
The word can be read , teaching us that - has a to declare the day to be holy,
and that it is .
Since it says
,
holy callings (plural, two callings) anyone who heard the would
Whether [the moon] was seen in its right time (30th night) -
Or whether it was not seen in its right time (31st night) -
They ( ) declare it -
says -
If it was not seen in its right time -
They do not declare it -
Because it already has been by heaven -
SUMMARY
This begins a long story that happened with - and the
other . - accepted which the held were . He
accepted witnesses even when their words didnt make sense. He was able
to do this based on pictures, diagrams, and calculations that the
really had seen the moon. As we will see in the next , this resulted in a
major problem.
OUTLINE
1. was the after the destruction of the ____ . His was located in ________.
2. had ____________ and forms of moons to assist __________ testify about what they saw.
3. Based on pictures and calculations __________ even when things didnt make sense.
4. Our mentions ___ incidents where accepted and the ____________ disagreed.
5. In the 2nd story said they saw the moon ________ but not on _________ ( night of 31st).
6. _________ __________said that these are ______.
7. _________ who was the agreed that the were lying and disagreed with _________.
KEY WORDS
____________________
Forms of moon pictures/shapes -
- had on a tablet -
And on the wall of his upper story (attic) -
That with these, he would show the simple people - ,
And he say, Did you see it like this or like this? - ,
A story happened that two [ ]came and said -
We saw it (the moon) in the morning in the east -
And in the evening (BEFORE) in the west -
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND: To fully understand this and the following it is
important to know some history. -( as mentioned in ) was the ( leader) of
and - . He had this position both during and after the . (In fact he was
the that specifically requested Vespasian to save...) In his days the fled
from the and relocated in ( another of s requests). During this time
there was much confusion and upheaval. - took strong steps to restore the lives of .
He instituted many and take very strong measures to ensure that the power of the ,
which was now in , would be strong, and people would listen. As we will see in the next .
- made pictures of
the moon to help who
didnt fully understand the
questions that would ask.
said, -
They are false witnesses -
When they came to -
- accepted them
felt the were lying because it was impossible for the moon to travel that far in the span
of a few hours. - accepted them, based on his calculations he realized that they had indeed seen
the new in the WEST (THE NIGHT BEFORE) and in the EARLY morning they had mistaken the moon
for a cloud.
DAY - -
/ )(/)(
NIGHT say they saw
the new moon Night of the 31st
did NOT see
- accepted them -
said -
They are false witnesses, -
How can they testify on a woman that she gave birth, -
And the next day her stomach is between her teeth! -
(She is still pregnant)
said to , - ,
(That these must be lying -and - made a mistake )
I see (agree) with your words -
WORKSHEET
Answers
1. Who made ?
A) B)
C) D) 1.
2. A) Where were they located? B) On what were they located? 2A.
A) B) C) D)
2B.
3. In the 1st story said they saw the moon in the _______ in the morning.
A) B) C) D)
3.
4. Who said these are lying?
A) B)
C) D)
4.
5. Why did make these pictures
5.
6. In the 2nd story the said that _________ on the 31st night.
A) B) C) D)
6.
7. This was even after they had just testified that _________ on the 30th night.
A) B) C) D)
7.
8. Who was the first to disagree with for accepting these ?
A) B)
C) D)
8.
9. Who was the 2nd to disagree with for accepting these ?
A) B)
C) D)
9.
10. What did the 1st to disagree with give to explain why the MUST be
lying?
11. How do you think should respond when all the are saying hes wrong?
CONSIDER THIS: Whos is it to say in ?
____________________
SUMMARY
This continues the story from . - heard that
disagreed with him about accepting the . - had
already made the 30th of into . He was afraid that if people
questioned his authority it could harm - . He therefore came
down very strongly against , which caused much
anguish. The other comforted explaining to him why
- was justified. In the end accepted - s
decision.
WORKSHEET
Answers
1. Who did send a message to?
A) B) C) D) 1.
2. Which thing/s was NOT told to bring with him?
A) B) C) D)
2.
3. Who was the 1st to try to comfort ?
A) B) C) D)
3.
4. Who was the 2nd to comfort ?
A) B) C) D)
4.
5. What reason did give to justify s decision?
A)
B) C)
5.
EXPLAIN:
SUMMARY
First the discusses the appropriate time that must
declare the new month to be . Then the explains what
happens if only the sees the new moon.
And lastly the discusses what happens if the only
consists of 3 .
INTRODUCTION
1. The new moon can only be seen on the night after the ____ day. This is called the ____ night.
2. If the arrive in they must be accepted before it becomes ____________ .
3. If they get their in on time that day _____________________ becomes ___ .
4. If the is not on time the month has _____ days and ______ is on the ______day.
5. If is wants to be the new month they must hear _________ from __________ .
6.Even if themselves see the new moon they need to testify in front of ____________.
7. A must have at least ___ judges. One is not ___________ by himself.
____________________
If and all of - () saw (the new moon) -
The were checked -
And they did not have enough time to say -
Until it got dark -
This is an extra month (a full month of 30 days) -
has a to verbally declaring the new month to be . Even if saw the new moon
and accepted them, it is not until actually says the words . If
didnt manage to say on the 30th day will be on following day, the 31st. The extra
30th day is called the .
If ALONE saw (the new moon) -
Two ( )stand and testify in front of them (the rest of -
)
And they ( ) say -
- If themselves see the new moon on the night of the 30th. now
needs to testify about what they have seen and / judges to check them out. is not
allowed to just skip the process of testifying about the new moon. Therefore 2 of the act as
witnesses. They stand and testify the next day before the rest of the . Afterwards is
the new month.
(REALLY EXTRA INFO: If themselves sees the moon on the morning (day) of the 30th, they can be
the new month on the spot. There is no requirement to have witnesses! The explains that this is based on a rule
called ( Hearing shouldnt be better than seeing), meaning if can be the
by hearing about it they certainly can be the when they actually see it. The reason need to testify
when they saw it on the 30th at night, is because can only be during the day. Therefore, although the
entire saw it, they must wait until the next day. Once they are already waiting it is no longer considered -
seeing it right now and must rely on what eyewitnesses saw to tell them what they had seen the night before.
If [ONLY] three [people] saw it and they are (from) -
Two of them should stand (as ) -
And they should sit from their friends by the one (remaining judge) -
And they should testify in front of them (the new ) -
And they should say -
Because the individual [] isnt trusted by himself -
:
If only 3 saw the new moon (at night) we will need 2 of them to serve
as while the 1 remaining judge adds 2 new judges to join him on the . The teaches us
that we cant rely on 1 judge by himself for .
Really EXTRA Info: Why would we think we should be allowed to rely on only judge? And how many judges do
we need for ? The explains that since we have already learnt that the is on the to
say , we may think that one judge is enough. The therefore proves the of our from a : It says:
), (
. We see that commanded about the even
though was the greatest expert on . From here we see that we cannot rely on one judge (even if he is the
greatest expert). Since a cannot consist of an even number of judges, we learn from the that the minimum
number of judges is 3.
____________________
Questions
WORKSHEET
Answers
1. On which NIGHT can the new be seen? (so the can come testify)
A) 29th B) 30th C) 31st D) 1st 1.
2. What must be said to make the day into ?
A)
B) C) D) 2.
3. What happens if it becomes ?
A) B)
C) D)
3.
4. How many judges (minimum) does there need to be to have a ?
A) 1 B) 3 C) 6 D) 23
4.
5. What happens if a large sees the new moon?
A)
B) C)
D)
5.
6. What happens if a of 3 (only) sees the new moon?
A)
B) C)
D)
6.
7. How many people will now be present when they are the new month?
A) 3 B) 2 C) 5 D) 6
7.
8. Describe what a of 23 would do if only they saw the new moon:
10.E.C. (in notes) What would ( any size even 3) do if they saw the new moon on the
30th day?
1 Checked out
2 Himself
3 Stand
4 Believed
5 Friend
6 Before them
7 Sit
8 Testify
9 Extra (Pregnant)
____________________
SUMMARY
The discusses which are to be used on
for the . There is a between the
and if a cows (bull) horn is .
The of our says that the horns of a cow are because they are called and not . We
find this in when gives a to . The calls the horns of a bull a :
) ,(
Another reason why horns of a cow should be . This is because of the rule , the
prosecutor doesnt become the defender. We use the to ask to forgive our . The horns of a cow
remind of the . We certainly dont want to use something that recalls our at a time we are
trying to get rid of them.
{For this reason the wouldnt wear gold when he went into the on . Similarly,
some people have the to not wear gold on which would recall the of the .}
said -
And are not all called -
As it says in the - ) (
When they make a long blow on the of a ram -
) , (
The in is describing how the walls of would come crashing down after the Yidden made a
long blow on a ( here means the horn of an - ram). Says , we see from here that even
of a ram are called . Therefore a cows horn should not be . The answers that although
a rams horn IS sometimes called a it is also called a . But a cows horn is NEVER called a and
therefore it is .
____________________
Questions
WORKSHEET
CALLED
THE RAM
COW
FOR THAT OF
____________________
SUMMARY
The teaches us how the was blown on
in the .
The of ( in the ( -
Is from (the horns of ) a (wild mountain) goat, that are straight - ,
And its mouthpiece are plated with gold -
The that was used in the was straight. This symbolized that our and our
should be straight and simple. (The is actually like mentioned in who says we use
the curved of an ( ram)
DID YOU KNOW... The actual mouthpiece of the was not covered in gold. If it was, the sound would
not becoming from a rather from an instrument. Instead the gold was near the mouthpiece. This was
done only for the of the , in order to be ( honor) it.
WORKSHEET
5. Why?
E.C. If the mouthpiece is covered in gold isnt it now a trumpet and not a ?
PLATED
SHORT
STRAIGHT
MOUTH
WILD GOAT
SIDE
TRUMPETS
LONG
____________________
SUMMARY
The teaches us how the was blown on
in the .
____________________
(In the ) On fast-days -
(They used )from bent (curved) rams (horns) -
And their mouthpiece was plated silver -
-
) , (
On these fast-days they would blow on both and in the . However, since the is to
blow with ( 2) they would be in the middle. On each side a blower would stand. The would
make short blasts, while the would continue with a longer one.
____________________
WORKSHEET Instructions
1. Use the words from MATCHING to answer the QUESTIONS.
Questions
2. E.C. Check your answers by placing them into the crossword puzzle.
2
1 Hints and Rules for Crossword:
3 1. Only use regular letters, do not use endah
letters ( )like ,,.
2. Do not leave any spaces between words
4
Ram
6
Shortened
7 Long
Middle
Fast Days
Trumpets
Bent
Plated
____________________
SUMMARY
The teaches us about the used on
of . There is a between the
and about which type of is
preferred to be used on AND on
)( .
* *
____________________
The year of was just like . No work was permitted in the fields. As we have already mentioned (in
the Introduction to ) on the of they would blow . This occurred once every 50 years.
When they would blow it would announce that all Jewish slaves go free. Also, all land of - that had
been sold would return to its original owners. We learn this from the which say:
) - ,(
.
.
The holds that since we learnt (from a -see Introduction to ) that all the
blown in the 7th month ( ) are the same, the are also the same. As we mentioned in ,
the says the used for is of a .
argues on the ( from back in ) and says that the of should be with the
bent horn of a ram, just like on a . As we mentioned, this reminds us of the and also to bend
our .
The is not /
like the or
. Nowadays
We ALWAYS ) (
prefer to use an
, even on .
___________________
Questions
WORKSHEET
1. How often is ?
2. When do we blow on ?
3. How is the same as ?
4. What does refer to ?
5. What shape horns are those of a ?
6. What shape horn does the say to use on ?
7. When would say to use a bent horn ?
8. (TRICK) When does the say to use a bent horn ?
9. Why is a bent horn preferred by us nowadays ?
10. List (at least) 2 details that happen on ?
Female
Goats
Is the same
Rams
With
On
____________________
SUMMARY
The teaches us some of the :
It cannot be cracked (split open).
It cannot be made from broken pieces glued together.
If it had a hole that was stuffed up it is only if the sound
is unaffected
KEY WORDS
____________________
: If he closed up the hole. The can be fixed by filling it with some material.
:
If the sound cannot come out because of the hole the it is . You cannot put
you finger over the hole to make the sound come out.
: If the hole never held back the sound of the it is . Even if the now sounds better
after it was closed up.
EXTRA INFO:Another explanation of is that the hole changes the sound of the .
If the hole prevented the from making a but by closing it the makes the same sound, it is
().
____________________
Questions
WORKSHEET
6. If a got a hole in it and wont make any noise unless you cover it with your finger is it or ?
10. A with a hole that was fixed but now it sounds very different is or ?
E.C. Where do we say a word with the of in Davening ??? _________________________________
Small Hint: Its in and we say it every single day.
INSTRUCTIONS
Use the words from MATCHING for the word search.
Holds Back
Unfit
Cracked
Broken
Closed it
Size of
Glued
Hole
____________________
SUMMARY
The teaches us that in order to fulfill the of
the actual sound of the must be heard, not an
echo. In addition, the teaches us that need
. Therefore one must have to do the of
listening to the in order to be the .
KEY WORDS
____________________
There were many times in our history when doing were forbidden. Yidden would need to hide to
perform like . Often these hiding place had echoes that could interfere with the actual sounds.
Therefore our teaches us that one must concentrate to make sure that he is hearing the actual sound.
* a cistern is a pit raised above ground usually used to gather water
4. How ? _________________________________________________________________________________
5. What does the mean when it says : a) a cute puppy b) one person c) 2 people
1 Into
2 Intent
3 Sound
4 Close To
5 Echo
6 And So To
7 His Heart
8 Pass
9 Fulfilled the
10 Even though
11 Blows
12 Behind
____________________
SUMMARY
The last taught us the doing requires . This
discuss the importance of having . The bring
two incidents from that show us how having
changes an action from something meaningless into something
powerful.
The concludes with the that a , ,
cannot be others in . This is because of the rule
____________________
The continues from the last regarding having . We bring a discussing the war with
.
After the Yidden came out of only one nation dared to attack them; . explain that the reason
was allowed to attack was because - weakened their . sent to fight against
while he went on top of a mountain to Daven. The tells us that when s hands were raised the
Yidden would be stronger. Our explains that obviously it was not s hands that caused the Yidden to
win over their enemies. Rather it was their to come closer in to that allowed them to win. From here
we see the importance of having .
A similar matter -
(You) it says (in the ) - ) , ( ,
Make for yourself a serpent (snake) - Many health organizations
and even use a snake
And place it on a pole - on a pole to symbolize a
And it will be everyone that was bitten - speedy .
The last part of the teaches us that even if someone has all of the right he can only fulfill the
if the person blowing for him was capable of blowing.
WORKSHEET
Use the NEW WORDS to answer the Questions and to fill in the crossword
1. When the Yidden were ____________________ upwards they would remember to come close to . 1. Down
2.. Obviously the hands of dont make (win) or _________________ the war. 2. Down
3. A _______________ is someone who may be an adult but is mentally not there. 2. Across
4. Anyone that was ___________ by a snake would look ____________ _____________at the copper pole. 3. and 4. Down
5. If anyone bitten wouldnt do full they would be _________________ 5. Down
6. Hashem commanded to make a ____________ 6. Across
7. A ________ is someone that cannot speak and talk. 7. Across
8. If I want to say something to you I would ____ ________ 8. Down
9. If you hear from someone who is not to do the you have not fulfilled _______________ ______ 9. Across
10. was _________ his hands to remind the Yidden to serve 10. Across
4 3 2 1
And put it 1
5
This is the
rule
2 6
7
Fall 3
8
Similarly 4 9
Be stronger 5
10
Healed 6
Time 7
Make serve 8
But rather 9
WHEN 10
____________________
SUMMARY
The teaches us that when came out on
we would not blow except in the .
After the was destroyed decreed
that the could still be blown on if it is done in front
of to remember what was done in the .
There is a if allowed anyplace where
there was an established to blow on or did he only
permit alone (the new place of the )to blow.
KEY WORDS
Please make sure the definitions fit into the wording of this .
____________________
The of -
That came out to be on -
In the they would blow ( )-
But not in the (rest of the) country -
The gave - a to listen to the being blown on . Blowing on is not
a and
( according to the law of the )the should be blown on . However, the
were afraid that since blowing is a skill (a )that not everyone knows how to do, a person may
carry his in to go and learn how to blow it. This would be with the of -
carrying 4 in a on .
therefore made a ( decree) that should not be blown on ( ! The have the
authority to tell us not to perform a if it may cause us to violate other )!
However, when made decrees, they did not apply them to the ( -there are no
in the ) . This was because the and the were in the (
- The were very careful). They were very careful in all matters of and were expert blowers.
They would make sure that no one would do by carrying a .
Carrying the
There is a as to what and mean:
says: means only in the itself, while
means anyplace outside of the , even in .
says: means anyplace in , while means anyplace outside of .
Questions
WORKSHEET
SUMMARY
As we explained in the previous , in where there was the ( or in
the ) they would blow even on . After the was
destroyed decreed that any place that had a should also blow
on .
EXTRA INFO: (In we mentioned that the says that means anywhere in . This
seems to follow his opinion. who says means only in the in front of explains that our
which allows one to blow outside of on is referring the time period right before the destruction of the
2nd when the moved from inside the to outside, into the city of )
Questions
WORKSHEET
__________________________________________________________________
5. Where else were they allowed to blow on ___________________________ ?
6.What was special about this place?_____________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
7. How close must a city be to to be considered _________________?
E.C. What do you think: If an area fulfills all of the conditions to be considered part of , except
that an army is surrounding the area so that it is impossible to come. Can the people of this area blow on ?
More 1
Alone 2
Also 3
Close 4
Come 5
Hear 6
See 7
Able 8
____________________
SUMMARY
The teaches us two more of . He
made these in order for - to remember what
happened during the times of the .
The first was that everyone should take (shake) a for
all 7 days of . Not just the 1st day.
The second was that new grain ( ) would be
(forbidden) to eat on the day that the was brought.
4. Explain the of :
List the time that new grain was permitted (a) during the ( b) after the
was destroyed (c) after the of
KEY WORDS
____________________
In the beginning (when the stood) -
And (he also declared) the entire day of waving (the ) should be -
Forbidden (to eat from the -new grain) -
It says in the :
) ,(
:
And you should wave the before on the day after the rest (the day after the 1st day of (.
And you may not eat any bread or roasted or ripe grain until the daytime, until you bring the korban of .
There is a to bring a from an amount of barely on the 2nd day of ) (
The was brought by waving it in all 4 directions. That is why is called - the day of waving. Part
of the was offered on the and the rest was eaten by the .
Until the was brought any - new grain that grew within the past year, is to eat.
There seems to be a contradiction in the . First it says we may eat the new grain once it becomes daytime. Then it
says we must wait until the is brought. Which one is it? The answer is, that when the stood, we
must wait for the to be brought. After the was destroyed, was allowed to be eaten as soon as
the sun rises.
In truth, nowadays people would not begin eating until the 3rd of . This is because decreed that
once the is rebuilt a person might begin eating as soon as it is daytime on the 2nd day of like he has
done every year. However now that the is rebuilt, it is to eat until the is brought. He
therefore decreed that the entire 2nd day of is to eat any .
____________________
Questions
WORKSHEET
SUMMARY
The tells us about a made because of an incident that happened.
One time came late to testify. This caused a mistake in the . The
therefore decreed to only accept s testimony early, before . If
the came after that time both days would be considered .
After the was destroyed and there was no longer any ,
decreed that could again be accepted the entire day.
also decreed that the could be the new month even
without the present.
* *
* *
____________________
In the beginning -
They would accept testimony of the new month -
The entire day (of the 30th) -
One time (on the 30th day of ) -
The witnesses were delayed from coming -
And the made a mistake in the Song )( -
They (the )decreed -
That they ( ) would not accept () -
Except until the (time for the) -
And if came -
From (past) time and (above) beyond -
They (practiced) treated that day as -
And the next day -
FACTS:
would come to testify about the new moon on the 30th day of the month.
If their was accepted then that day would become .
That day would be of the new month. This is called a . A month with only 1 day of .
There would not be 2 days of .
If there was no accepted about the new moon the 30th day would remain of the old month.
Both that day and the next day would be . This is called a with 2 days of .
The 31st day is of the new month.
Everyday the would the while bringing the .
On and other they would sing special songs.
On the 30th day, during the the would sing regular ( weekday) songs since hadnt
come yet.
For the the would almost sing the special since by that time almost always had
come already.
The is also called the .
Originally would accept for the entire 30th day. Even if it was right before ( sunset) and the day was
practically over. Since was never sure if would come they would always treat the 30th day as .
The month of was nearly always on the 30th day from . Therefore the would always assume that
the day was . The would treat the day as if it was really and would even blow . At the time of the
the would almost always sing the special for .
One year the were not accepted until after the had already been brought. Now the did not
know which to sing. As a result they ended up not singing at all ! (The brings another opinion that says they
sang for instead of which was wrong.) As a result the were that after time (the time for the
) they would no longer accept .
____________________
EXTRA INFO: Why was it necessary for to make a about this ? Why shouldnt they
accept the entire day ? The explains that really couldnt just nullify a previous
s . The therefore teaches us two things. One was that only stopped the
original while the is still -destroyed. However when the is rebuilt the
original would go back into effect. Also, that even when would accept after
he would still make both days . In this way he was not really nullifying the original decree.
said -
And also this decreed -
That even if the head of is in any (other) place *** -
(So) that the should not go -
Except to the place of the assembly (gathering, of ) -
In we learnt that the would say to announce ( We learn it
from a ). After the destruction of the second the Yidden were constantly persecuted. The
Roman government would often try to capture the . Very often the would need to flee.
was afraid that it would be to troublesome (and dangerous) to make the wait or go find the .
He therefore decreed that the should go to and they would be the without .
SUMMARY
This teaches us about the special of . This
had 9 in it. Like every the first 3 and last 3 are
(basically) the same. However, this had special for with
describing , , and .
During this they would blow after saying each of the middle
3 ( 4,5,6).
There is a between and regarding the proper
placement of . says it is said together with the third .
says it is said together with the fourth .
We add and of & , , to find favor in the eyes of on the . We learn to do this
from :
), (
From the word we learn to add and from we learn to add . we learn from another
:
...
( ,(
The words
are extra. From here we see that when we have and we also must have
.
(EXTRA INFO: Why cant we just blow in the 3rd 5th and 6th according to ? holds
that we shouldnt separate the 3 in which we blow . He therefore says we do not blow while saying in
the 3rd . Instead we say in the 4th, blow , and then blow again in the 5th and 6th .)
____________________
(EXTRA INFO: said we say together with since they both discuss the same topic.
agrees and says we should say a few of with in the 3rd . However full goes together
with in the 4th .)
-s mighty
deeds 2
According
Holiness of the
to name of
3
According
Holiness of
to -
4
KNOWS/
REMEBERS all 5
-
Blowing 6
* In
we
accepting our
say: / 7
*
Thanking 8
* * Some say for of
-
9
* *
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SUMMARY
This teaches us the details of & , ,. They are groups of 10
that describe each of these subjects.
The says that 10 should be said on each subject. 3 should
come from each part of . The last comes from . This results in a total of
30 .
agrees that 10 should be said. However, he holds that if only 3
were said about each topic (for a total of 9) one is ( fulfills his obligation).
The teaches us that we do not say that mention punishments.
____________________
2. What is about ?
3. What is about ?
Why ?
8. What is ?
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SUMMARY
This teaches us that even though we always try to do as
early as possible. The blowing of the is delayed until .
The teaches us that the of is delayed until . However other ( like (are
done right away.
On days that there is we may think that we should delay until . This would allow more people to
arrive. We may think that it is preferable for more people to be there because of the rule of
. Therefore the teaches us that doing it right-away is more important.
7. Why is said at ?
8. / means:
9.Explain what means:
it glorifies the king (to perform his )
10. Is it better to do a right away or should we wait until there is a lot of people ?
(Prove your answer from the )
SUMMARY
The teaches us that even though the of is ( from the
)we may not violate any to blow it. We may not even violate an
to do the of .
The also teaches that if the sound of the isnt clear we may wash it out.
This will improve the sound.
The final section of the teaches us that in order to fulfill the the person
blowing must intend to do the . If he was practicing or teaching others, the
was not done.
The lists a 6 actions that are because the are afraid that if we do them it may lead
to : (Some may also violate an )
Action Reason
Going beyond 2,000 from city to hear
1
A person will do his traveling on
or get a
2 Uncovering buried Stones are
3 Climbing a tree to get May break a branch
4 Riding an animal to bring or hear May break a branch
Swimming across water to bring or
5 May build a flotation device (raft)
hear
6
Cutting the , with a knife to make it May cut the with a saw (which is
usable )
, ,
- Cutting a is the of ,
shearing. Like all it is only if it was done normally. If it was done with a
(abnormally) it is . Using a saw is normal for cutting a horn so it is . Using a knife
is .
IMPORTANT INFO: (A) When it comes to doing we have a rule: - doing a
pushes away a . Why then does an not allow us to blow ? The explains
that regarding there is both a and to not do a . Therefore, the rule of
does not apply.
(B) The 6 actions in our are . We may have thought that blowing is a and is
more important. The therefore teaches us that when the said something is a it is as if it
was from the . The made their decrees this way to protect and safeguard the .
____________________
But if he wants -
To put into it (the ) -
Water or wine -
He [may] put it. -
It is to improve the sound of the by washing it out with wine or water. Even though it seems like
you are fixing a musical instrument () . It is just improving and not fixing the .
We do not hold back the children -
From blowing -
But we may be involved with them -
Until they learn -
And one who was involved (in blowing - not for the ( -
Has not fulfilled his obligation -
And one who hears from someone involved in blowing (not for the ) -
Has not fulfilled his obligation -
- The explains that we do not hold back children from blowing EVEN on
of ! Since there is a of , children NEED to practice blowing. However on we do
not help them, we just dont hold them back.
- BUT, on a regular weekday we are involved in teaching them how to blow.
-The word means to be involved with something. Someone who is blowing the to
learn or practice how to do it is NOT doing the . This person is being with blowing . He has
no ( intent) to actually do the . Therefore a is not . Since the himself is not ,
one who hears from him also cannot be the . This is true even if the listener has and wants
to fulfill the . This is because a person can only be the through someone who is doing an actual
.
EXTRA INFO: In the word refers to someone who is so involved in doing something that they
accidentally do a . For example, someone was carrying a heavy box and bumped into a light switch. In this case the
is from even bringing a ( unlike a , someone who did a
____________________
Questions
PART 1
1. Decrees that the made to safeguard are called a _____________________.
SUMMARY
This teaches us the of the . How many are blown and
how long each is. If someone doesnt pause in between a vey long
it only counts as one.
The also teaches us what must be done if someone only got a after
.
The brings a regarding if one can be his obligation of
by hearing through the and not Davening himself. The
says he can only be if he does not know how to Daven.
- says he can be even if he knows how to Daven.
* *
* *
* *
*
____________________
The only tells us to blow a . As we explained, we learnt from that each has a
before and after. The now discusses how long is a .
- -
Some say
3 medium
are a
Some say
9 short
are a
Nowadays, since we are unsure what sound a makes we do all possible combinations.
) (", -, ) (", , ) (",,
____________________
-
Only someone who does not
Who is with ? Anyone
know how to Daven.
To be those that dont
Why do we do ? To be everyone.
know how to Daven.
Why do we first Daven quietly ? To be . To prepare for .
2. We accompany each sound with ______ , one before and one after it.
3. How many sounds are there in each set according to our ______ ?
__________________________________________________________________________
11. If someone already Davened without hearing how many sounds should he blow ?
_____________________________________
1 13.Complet
-
2 Appointed to him e the Chart
3 He doesnt have
4 Just like Who is
with Anyone
5 2 Blows ?
6 Davened
7 2nd
Why do we
8 Sobbing
do
9 Length of ?
10 Pulled