Generic Structure Report Text.

Seperti halnya dengan descriptive text, Report text juga hanya memiliki dua
struktur umum [generic structure] yaitu :

1. General Clasification; Pernyataan umum yang menerangkan subjek

laporan, keterangan, dan klasifikasinya.
2. Description: tells what the phenomenon under discussion ; in terms
of parts, qualities, habits or behaviors; Pada bagian ini biasanya
memberikan gambaran fenomena-fenomena yang terjadi; baik bagian-
bagiannya, sifat-sifatnya, kebiasaannya, ataupun tingkah lakunya.
Intinya adalah penjabaran dari klasifikasi yang disajikan dengan
ilmiah.

Ada juga beberapa keterangan mengenai generic structure report text, yang
meliputi :

1. General information
2. Bundles of Specific Information

General information adalah bagian yang menyebutkan informasi umum dari

tema tulisan yang. Sedangkan Bundles of specific information, adalah
penjabaran dari informasi umum tersebut.

Saya sendiri lebih cenderung setuju dengan generic structure kedua; karena
hal ini bisa membuat siswa lebih paham akan cara menulis report text.

Tujuan Report Text

Setiap tulisan pasti memiliki tujuan mengapa tulisan itu ditulis. Begitu juga
dengan report text. Beberapa pakar menyebutkan bahwa tujuan teks report
adalah :

Its social purpose is presenting information about something. They generally

describe an entire class of things, whether natural or made: mammals, the
planets, rocks, plants, countries of region, culture, transportation, and so
on.

Jika disimpulkan, tujuan report text adalah untuk menyampaikan informasi

hasil pengamatan dan analisa yang sistematis. Informasi yang dijelaskan
dalam report text biasanya bersifat umum, baik itu alamiah ataupun buata
seperti binatang mamalia, planet, bebatuan, tumbuh-tumbuhan, negara
bagian, budaya, transportasi, dan lain sebagainya.

Pola Tata Bahasa dalam Report Text

Setiap tulisan pasti memiliki ciri bahasa tersendiri; jika recount text dan
narrative text cenderung memiliki ciri menggunakan simple past, lalu
bagaimana dengan report text? Oke berikut adalah pola grammar yang
umum digunakan dalam teks report, yang meliputi :

Use of general nouns, eg hunting dogs, rather than particular nouns,

eg our dog;
Use of relating verbs to describe features, eg Molecules are tiny
particles;
Some use of action verbs when describing behaviour, eg Emus cannot
fly;
Use of timeless present tense to indicate usualness, eg Tropical
cyclones always begin over the sea;
Use of technical terms, eg Isobars are lines drawn on a weather map;
Use of paragraphs with topic sentences to organise bundles of
information; repeated naming of the topic as the beginning focus of
the clause.

Keterangan :

General nouns, maksudnya adalah, suatu benda (baik itu hidup atau
mati) yang bersifat umum. Coba bandingkan : Hunting dogs >< My
dog. Hunting dogs bersifat umum; sedangkan my dog bersifat
khusus.
Relating verbs, dalam grammar disebut juga dengan linking verbs.
Seperti to be [is, am, are: present], seem, look, taste dan lain
sebagainya.
Timeless present tense adalah salah satu penanda waktu dalam
simple present seperti "often, usually, always" dan lain-lain.
Technical terms, maksudnya adalah istilah-istilah yang meliputi teks
report tersebut. Misalnya tentang "music" maka, istilah-istilah musik
harus ada.
Contoh Report Text : Thanksgiving Day
Thanksgiving or Thanksgiving Day is a celebration of harvest, thankfulness
for peace, and the attempt of Native Americans. It is usually celebrated in
late autumn.

In the past, Thanksgiving was celebrated for their rich harvest in New
England. In North America, however, it was originally held to thank God for
their survival in the new land which was not easy for them. However, in
Canada, it had been celebrated as in New England. Thanksgiving now is
celebrated in United States of America and in Canada. Thanksgiving festivals
are held every fourth Thursday of November in the U.S and on the second
Monday of October in Canada. It is usually celebrated in four to five days in
the North America and for three days in Canada.

It is celebrated through families and friends gathering to eat and give good
luck. Turkey is the main dish in the thanksgiving dinner. Thanksgiving
parades are also usually held. In Thanksgiving homes are decorated with
wreaths, fresh and dried flowers. Lamps are lighted to brighten the
environment. Tables are decorated with best china and antique silver dishes
to mark the occasion.

Contoh Report Text : Venice

Venice is a city in northern Italy. It is the capital of region Veneto. Together
with Padua, the city is included in the Padua-Venice Metropolitan Area.
Venice has been known as the Queen of the Adriatic, City of Water, City
of Bridges, and The City of Light. The city stretches across 117 small
islands in the marshy Venetian Lagoon along the Adriatic Sea in northeast
Italy.

Venice is world-famous for its canals. It is built on an archipelago of 117

islands formed by about 150 canals in a shallow lagoon. The islands on
which the city is built are connected by about 400 bridges. In the old center,
the canals serve the function of roads, and every form of transport is on
water or on foot.
You can ride gondola there. It is the classical Venetian boat which nowadays
is mostly used for tourists, or for weddings, funerals, or other ceremonies.
Now, most Venetians travel by motorised waterbuses (vaporetti) which ply
regular routes along the major canals and between the citys islands. The
city also has many private boats. The only gondolas still in common use by
Venetians are the traghetti, foot passenger ferries crossing the Grand Canal
at certain points without bridges.

You can see the amusing citys landmarks such as Piazza San Marco, Palazzo
Contarini del Bovolo, Saint Marks Cathedral or villas of the Veneto. The
villas of the Veneto, rural residences for nobles during the Republic, are one
of the most interesting aspects of Venetian countryside.

They are surrounded by elegant gardens, suitable for fashionable parties of

high society. The city is also well known for its beautiful and romantic view,
especially at night.

Sumber : http://www.englishindo.com/2012/03/report-text-penjelasan-
contoh.html#ixzz4sS9bvObA

Pengertian, Struktur, Ciri News Item dan Contohnya

Pengertian, Generic Structure, Ciri Spoof Text dan Contohnya

Pengertian, Struktur, Ciri Report Text dan Contohnya

A.Pengertian Report Text dan Contohnya

Report text adalah salah jenis genre of text yang masuk kategori descriptive. Definisi report text
itu sendiri adalah sebuah genre atau jenis teks yang berusaha menggambarkan sesuatu seperti
benda, manusia, tumbuhan, hewan dan lain sebagainya yang masih sangat umum. Jadi tidak
fokus pada satu benda melainkan semua benda yang masuk dalam satu kategori. Misalnya kita
sedang membicarakan gajah, maka kita akan membahas sifat, bentuk, karakter gajah pada
umumnya.

B. Perbedaan Report Text dan Descriptive Text

1. Cara membedakan report text dan descriptive text yang paling mudah adalah dengan melihat
apakah sesuatu yang digambarkan tersebut umum atau khusus. Jika sesuatu tersebut adalah
umum, maka jenis textnya adalah report. Tetapi jika khusus, maka jenis textnya adalah
descriptive.
Misal, pada penjelasan descriptive text saya memberi contoh tentang Candi Borobudur. Di
dalamnya menjelaskan bagaimana bentuk Candi Borobudur, letaknya dan kapan dibuatnya. Jadi
 hanya fokus dan khusus menjelaskan satu objek yang bernama Candi Borobudur. Lain halnya
jika saya menjelaskan tentang Candi. Maka saya akan menjelaskan bentuk atau model candi
pada umumnya seperti apa, kemudian candi merupakan tempat peribadatan agama apa dan
seterusnya. Jadi saya menjelaskan Candi secara umum, baik itu candi Borobudur, Prambanan,
Mendut dan lain sebagainya, tidak khusus dan fokus.
2. Selain itu, biasanya report text biasanya menggambarkan sesuatu dengan sudut pandang ilmiah.
Sehingga biasanya akan diikuti dengan penjelasan tentang hasil penelitian atau observasi
terhadap objek yang sedang dibicarakan tersebut.

Nah, sekarang jika saya minta kamu untuk menentukan jenis text dari dua judul ini: My Cat dan
A Cat, maka kira-kira mana yang termasuk dalam kategori report text? Jika kamu paham pasti
bisa menentukannya dengan benar. Agar yakin, coba kamu jawab di kolom komentar di bawah
postingan ini untuk memastikan bahwa kamu sudah paham betul perbedaan keduanya.

C. Tujuan Report Text

Tujuan komunikatif Report text adalah untuk menggambarkan tentang sesuatu secara apa adanya
yang merupakan hasil observasi atau penelitian dan analisa secara sistematis. Intinya text Report
berisi fakta-fakta sebuah objek yang bisa dibuktikan secara ilmiah.

D. Generic Structure Report Text

Susunan umum atau Generic Structure pada umumnya terdiri dari urut-urutan sebagai berikut:

1. General Clasification
Pernyataan umum yang menerangkan subjek laporan, keterangan, dan klasifikasinya.
2. Description
tells what the phenomenon under discussion; in terms of parts, qualities, habits or behaviors.
Pada bagian ini biasanya memberikan gambaran fenomena-fenomena yang terjadi, baik bagian-
bagiannya, sifat-sifatnya, kebiasaannya, ataupun tingkah lakunya. Intinya adalah penjabaran dari
klasifikasi yang disajikan dengan ilmiah.

E. Ciri-ciri Report Text

1. Karena bertujuan mengungkap gambaran tentang sesuatu berdasarkan kajian ilmiah, maka
biasanya menggunakan bahasa ilmiah.
2. Dan karena berisi fakta-fakta ilmiah tersebutlah, maka report text didominasi oleh simple
present tense.
3. Judulnya akan terlihat umum, seperti Playing Football dan bukan Manchester Football Club.
4. Biasanya disertai gambar, data statistik berupa diagram atau peta untuk meyakinkan bahwa
hasil penelitiannya dilakukan secara ilmiah.
F. Contoh Report Text dan Penjelasannya

Contoh 1: Komodo Dragon.

Komodo dragons have thrived in the harsh climate of Indonesias Lesser Sunda Islands for
millions of years, although amazingly, their existence was unknown to humans until about 100
years ago.

Reaching 10 feet (3 meters) in length and more than 300 pounds (136 kilograms), Komodo
dragons are the heaviest lizards on Earth. They have long, flat heads with rounded snouts, scaly
skin, bowed legs, and huge, muscular tails.

As the dominant predators on the handful of islands they inhabit, they will eat almost anything,
including carrion, deer, pigs, smaller dragons, and even large water buffalo and humans. When
hunting, Komodo dragons rely on camouflage and patience, lying in wait for passing prey. When
a victim ambles by, the dragon springs, using its powerful legs, sharp claws and serrated, shark-
like teeth to eviscerate its prey.

Animals that escape the jaws of a Komodo will only feel lucky briefly. Dragon saliva teems with
over 50 strains of bacteria, and within 24 hours, the stricken creature usually dies of blood
poisoning. Dragons calmly follow an escapee for miles as the bacteria takes effect, using their
keen sense of smell to hone in on the corpse. A dragon can eat a whopping 80 percent of its body
weight in a single feeding.

There is a stable population of about 3,000 to 5,000 Komodo dragons on the islands of Komodo,
Gila Motang, Rinca, and Flores. However, a dearth of egg-laying females, poaching, human
encroachment, and natural disasters has driven the species to endangered status.

Sumber: http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/

Penjelasan:

1. Paragraf pertama: General Classification. Berisi pengenalan objek bahwa Komodo adalah
binatang yang telah ada sejak berjuta-juta tahun yang lalu.
 2. Pada paragraf kedua dan seterusnya: Description. Berisi tentang bentuk fisik Komodo meliputi
panjang, berat, maupun ciri fisiknya dan kebiasaannya mencari makan serta statistik populasi
habitat Komodo di berbagai daerah.

Demikianlah penjelasan tentang Pengertian, Struktur, Ciri Report Text dan Contohnya. Semoga
bermanfaat. Jika kamu suka artikel ini, mohon berikan like, twit atau komentarnya di bawah ini.
Terima kasih.

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Contoh dan Soal Report Text Terlengkap Beserta Jawaban Di bawah ini, ada beberapa contoh
beserta soal recount text yang bisa Anda gunakan sebagai latihan.

Text 1

For many years people believed that the cleverest animals after man were the chimpanzees. Now,
however, there is a proof that dolphins may be even cleverer than these big apes.

Although a dolphin lives in the sea, it is not a fish. It is a mammal. It is in many ways, therefore,
like a human being.

Dolphins have a simple language. They are able to talk to one another. It may be possible for
man to learn how to talk to dolphins. But, this will not be easy because dolphins cannot hear the
kind of sounds man can make. If man wants to talk to dolphins, therefore, he will have to make a
third language which both he and the dolphins can understand.

Dolphins are also very friendly toward man. They often follow ships. There are many stories
about dolphins guiding ships through difficult and dangerous waters.

1. The text above is in the form of.

a. spoof
b. report
c. recount
d. procedure
e. narration

2. To tell the factual information, the writer mostly uses

a. passive voice
b. simple past tense
c. present perfect tense
d. simple present tense
e. present continuous tense

3. What kind of animal is dolphin?

a. insect
b. fish
c. mammal
d. bird
e. shark

4. Why talking to dolphin is not easy?

a. dolphins cannot hear the kind of mans sounds
b. dolphins cannot think as human
c. dolphins like playing with man
d. dolphins feel annoyed by man
e. dolphins want to be free

5. What is the characteristic of dolphin according to the text?

a. fierce
b. friendly
c. naughty
d. shy
e. not responsible

Advertisement

Text 2

Whales are sea-living mammals. They therefore breathe air but cannot survive or land. Some
species are very large indeed and the blue whale, which can exceed 30 meter length, is the
largest animal which lives on earth. Superficially, the whale looks rather like a fish, but there are
important difference in its external structure; its tail consists of a pair of broad, flat horizontal
paddles (the tail of a fish is vertical) and it has a single nostril on top of its breadth, broad head.
The skin is smooth and shiny and beneath it lies a layer of flat (blubber). This is up to 30 meter
in thickness and serves to conserve heat and body fluids.

6. What is the text about?

a. sea-living mammals
b. the description of mammals
c. the difference between whales and fish
d. whales
e. how whales survive themselves

7. The length of a whale is..

a. is generally more than 30 meter
b. may be more than 30 meter
c. is less than 30 meter
d. ranges from 30 meter to more than 30 meter
e. is 30 meter at the most

8. Sentence 1.
a. tells an orientation
b. poses a thesis
c. shows an abstract
d. gives a general classification
e. elaborates an explanation

9. What type of text is used by the writer?

a. narrative
b. report
c. recount
d. news items
e. exposition

10. To tell the factual information, the writer uses.

a. passive voice
b. direct speech
c. reported speech
d. simple past tense
e. simple present tense

Kunci Jawaban

1. B
2. D
3. C
4. A
5. B
6. D
7. B
8. D
9. B
10. E

What Is Thunder and Lightning?

Lightning is a sudden, violent flash of electricity between a cloud and the

ground, or from cloud to cloud. A lightning flash, or bolt, can be several miles long.
It is so hot, with an average temperature of 34,000 Centigrade, that the air
 around it suddenly expands with a loud blast. This is the thunder we hear.

Lightning occurs in hot, wet storms. Moist air is driven up to a great height.
It forms a type of cloud called cumulonimbus. When the cloud rises high enough,
the moisture freezes and ice crystals and snowfl akes are formed. These begin to
fall, turning to rain on the way down. This rain meets more moist air rising, and it is
the friction between them which produces static electricity. When a cloud is fully
charged with this electricity, it discharges it as a lightning flash.

Question.
1. What is the text about?
2. What is the type of the text?
3. What is the main idea of paragraph 1 ?
4. What is the purpose of the text?
5. How much the mean of degree the Lightning ?
6. How the Lightning could be happens ?
7. "It is so hot, with an average temperature of 34,000 Centigrade, that the air
around it suddenly expands with a loud blast. " (paragraph 1)
What does the underlined word refer to ?
8. What kind of generic structure will you find in the text ?
9. "Moist air is driven up to a great height. "(paragraph 2).
What is the synonym of the word " great"?
10. What forms a type of cloud ?
Answer
1 1. Thunder and Lightning
2. Report Text
3. Main idea of paragraph 1 is Lightning is a sudden, violent flash of electricity
between a cloud and the ground, or from cloud to cloud.
4. To describe Thunder and Lightning.
5. Is so hot, with an average temperature of 34,000 Centigrade.
6. When the cloud rises high enough, the moisture freezes and ice crystals and
snowfl akes are formed. These begin to fall, turning to rain on the way down. This
rain meets more moist air rising, and it is the friction between them which
produces static electricity. When a cloud is fully charged with this electricity,it
discharges it as a lightning flash.
7. The a lightning.
8. Generic structure of Report Text is general classification identifications.
9. Synonym of the word " great" is big,huge,large,
10. Forms a type of cloud called cumulonimbus.