Tayo na sa Antipolo:

A Local Development Study on the City of Antipolo

Ella Beatrice R. Veloso

Ec 102 O

Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of Basic Economics, Agrarian Reform

and Taxation

November 24, 2016

Dr. Cristina M. Bautista

Professor

1 | Tayo na sa Antipolo: A Local Development Study on the City of Antipolo

 I. Introduction

The province of Rizal was awarded the 1st place recognition as the
most competitive province of 2016 by the 2016 Cities and Municipalities
Competitiveness Index (CMCI) released by the National Competitiveness
Council (NCC). Having the city of Antipolo as its capital, the vicinity has
majorly contributed to the said prestige. Numero Uno Antipolo goes the
thrust for Rizals Capital. Out of the entire CALABARZON, Rizal has the
highest population of 2,484,840 person sand its capital, Antipolo City has the
highest number of population density with a rate of 31%.

Antipolo is described to be generally hilly and mountainous, with its

mountainous range concentrated in the east as part of the Sierra Madre
Mountain Range. The western part of the city is composed of Plateaus of over
200 meters about sea level. Valleys are located in the middle of the city.

It has been considered as a 1st class component city by the Department of

Interior and Local Government (DILG). It has not achieved the requirement to
be considered a Highly Urbanized Independent City (cities with a minimum
population of 200,000 inhabitants and at least an annual income of PHP
50,000,000.00). Antipolo City, as a component city, is considered part of the
province which they are geographically located.

Antipolo City is the most populous component city in the country, and
comprises more than a quarter of the total population of the province of Rizal.
The results presented at the Provincial Dissemination Forum last October
28,2014 identified Antipolo City as the most populated city in the Calabarzon
Region with a population of 776,386.

Given its close proximity to cities of Metro Manila, it has served to be

an intersection between the urban and the rural, with roads leading directly to
Ortigas Avenue, Marikina, Montalban and Taytay. The presence of major
commercial and industrial establishments and the rise of residential
subdivisions are factors in the rapid urbanization of the province.

2 | Tayo na sa Antipolo: A Local Development Study on the City of Antipolo

 Massive migration influx is predominant in the city due to increasing
number of housing facilities with 476 subdivisions as of 2008. The urban
population increased by 1,267,163 from 1980 to year 2007. The increase is
predominantly high in Antipolo City with 567,388 persons from 1980 to 2007
which is about 98 percent of the total city population. Two Barangays in
Antipolo continue to be rural: Barangay Calawis and Barangay San Juan with
a combined rural population of 12,466 persons in 2007 from 8,012 in 1990
and with an urban population of 621,505. The following table shows the rate
of migration in Antipolo:

Government websites, print journals and news, and statistics from the
Annual Reports of the city government of Antipolo were used as sources for
this study. Observations, interviews, and group discussions were also used as
a primary source for research.

II. Socioeconomic Factors

The administration of Mayor Jun Ynares is centered on the tagline

Numero Uno, Antipolo, which, according to the 2014 Annual Achievement
Report means Numero Uno in the field of education, health, employment,
and peace and order. The 2013 annual report of Antipolo City looks into the
impact of accomplishments dissected in the five (5) critical development
sectors in local governance: Institutional, Social, Economic, Infrastructure. For
the purpose of this study, Social, and Economic sectors will be utilized and
put much focus on, but yeah it encompasses the socioeconomic factors of the
city to further make the SWOT Analysis.

Social
Education and Literacy

According to CBMS, the literacy rate of Antipolo during the year 2014
was at 99.32%. This rate is significantly higher compared to the overall
literacy rate of the Philippines at 84% during 2014. According to the 2014 City
of Antipolo Facts and Figures journal, the government of Antipolo has
provided basic education through 44 public elementary schools, and 21 public
High Schools. Private schools are also established within the city, and it
mostly comprises of most of the educational institutions in Antipolo with 206
private schools.

3 | Tayo na sa Antipolo: A Local Development Study on the City of Antipolo

 Though the literacy rate is high, the Household Population of 5 Years
Old and Over only have 51, 824 elementary school graduates out of a
population of 599, 773 or with a rate of 8.6%. It is to be noted that the
population of people above the age of 5 with high school as their highest
educational attainment is 143, 860 with a rate of 24.0%. It can be considered
odd to have more high school graduates than elementary graduates, but it is
to be noted that the influx of migration to Antipolo is at an increasing rate, thus
the migrants may be of higher educational attainment. 68, 019 on the other
hand are college graduates with a rate of 11.3%. These statistics are
significantly lower to the Philippine rate of elementary graduates at 11.7% and
secondary school graduates at 19.1%. the rate of college graduates on the
other hand is at 10.1%. There are less elementary school graduates but more
secondary and tertiary school graduates. Given the existing differences, the
education rate does not largely deviate to the national average.

Antipolo Philippines
Elementary graduates 8.6% 11.7%
High School Graduates 24% 19.1%
College Graduates 11.3% 10.1%
Comparison of Highest Educational Statistics between Antipolo and the Philippines

Health

In general, the healthcare of Antipolo is that better of the average of the

Philippines. In 2010, the mortality rate of children under 5 years old is at 0.2%.
Compared to the 31% mortality rate of children under 5 years old. Also, the
mortality rate of pregnant women is only at 0.1% compared to the 1% of
maternal deaths in the Philippines during 2010. There are 65 hospitals
registered during 2014, and there are plans for further expansion.

In terms of sanitation, 11.6% of the population does not have access to

clean water, and 0.7% does not have access to a sanitary toilet facility. On a
national scale, 4.7% of the population does not have access to clean water
a lower number than that of Antipolos which indicates that the number of
people who have access to clean water in Antipolo is below average.
Furthermore, 1.1% of the Philippine population has no access to a sanitary
toilet facility, in this aspect, Antipolo only has a slight increase over the
average.

Antipolo Philippines
Mortality rate of 0.2% 31%
children under 5
Mortality rate of 0.1% 1%
pregnant women

4 | Tayo na sa Antipolo: A Local Development Study on the City of Antipolo

 No access to clean 11.6% 4.7%
water
No access to 0.7% 1.1%
sanitary toilet facility
Comparison of Health and Sanitation Statistics between Antipolo and the Philippines

Peace and Order

According to the Philippine Daily Inquirer, the victims of crime in

Antipolo during 2010 are only at 0.2% of the total population. Crime solution
efficiency for index crime in the City of Antipolo is pegged at 62.18% where
449 cases were resolved out of the 722 total crimes recorded. Compared to
the 6.7% crime rate in the Philippines (SWS, 2010), the statistic shows a
generally peaceful and orderly situation in the city.

Economic

Natural Resources
Due to its large size and hilly topography, Antipolo contains a
significant variety of water resources. Rivers, streams, springs, and even
waterfalls occur in Antipolo and these bodies of water are used for domestic,
industrial, and agricultural purposes. The Laiban Dam Project, which will be
constructed to provide water in Metro Manila, is proposed to be constructed at
the north-south trending Kaliwa River. The said project is controversial as
relocations of indigenous people are being done for the project to push
through (Santos, 2014).

Antipolo is also rich in its mineral deposits, most of which are non-
metallic. The common minerals found and their corresponding volume in
metric tons are pure marble (471, 050), cement aggregate (86,000), limestone
(67, 354), basalt (29, 099), dalcite (7,195), andesite (3,588) and diorite
(1,566). At the corner of the city, near Sta. Ines, Iron ore can be found at (33.5
million metric tons). Various mining firms producing construction aggregate
can be found within the city (Antipolo City Facts and Figures, 2004).

Infrastructure

As of 2014, there are a total of 8,952 business establishments. From

2013, to 2014, the growth of the total number of business registration rose to
0.26% from -14.44%. As of March 17 2014, there are a total of 67 banks, 8
hotels, 111 restaurants, 7 exporters, 15 major groceries, and 250
manufacturers. The rise of the number of infrastructures in Antipolo can be
attributed to the rising number of the population due to migration, and also of
the influx of tourists all year round.

5 | Tayo na sa Antipolo: A Local Development Study on the City of Antipolo

 Tourism
Antipolo is rich in natural attractions. Given its topography, its natural
landform and existing vegetative covers, the city makes for very scenic spots.
Most natural attractions are located in the higher areas of eastern and
northern Antipolo where most infrastructures for tourism are not in place yet.
Also given its topography, beaches cannot be found within the vicinity,
although the Resort Business has been flourishing in Antipolo ever since the
1960s. As of 2014, there are 36 registered resorts.

Antipolo is also known as an area for pilgrimage to the Antipolo

Cathedral or the Shrine of our Lady of Peace and Good Voyage. Being a
dominantly catholic country, pilgrimages to the cathedral are made year
round. This is a tradition that has spawned throughout the decades, rooting in
the Spanish Era of Christianity.

Employment and Income

Statistics show from the 2013 profile show that17.6 % of the labor force
in Antipolo has incomes below the poverty threshold, while 8.2% have
incomes below the food threshold.

As of 2013, the total number of declared employees is at 36, 521.

However, data shows that 10.9% of the labor force is unemployed. This is
above average than that of the Philippines at an average of 6.8% rate of
unemployment Given the population of the labor force who are unemployed
and have incomes below the poverty and food threshold, a total of 36.7% of
the population of Antipolo are not earning sufficiently.

III. SWOT Analysis

Given the data for the Social and Economic factors for the analysis of the
Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats of the city of Antipolo.

6 | Tayo na sa Antipolo: A Local Development Study on the City of Antipolo

 The following SWOT Analysis may be considered as the summary of the local
development of Antipolo City:

Strengths

1) Peace and Order. There is a low number of crime victims in Antipolo

compared to the average crime incidents in the Philippines. There are
only 0.2% victims of crime in antipolo. Compared to the 6.7% crime
rate in the Philippines (according to a 2010 SWS poll). Crime solution
efficiency for index crime in the City of Antipolo is pegged at 62.18%
where 449 cases were resolved out of the 722 total crimes recorded.
2) Natural Resources and Industry. The city caters to both agricultural and
industrial sectors. Mining is a predominant trade, and businesses and
infrastructures are being built. Antipolo is a strategic location for both
sectors given its proximity to both urban areas (Metro Manila) and rural
areas (Other municipalities and towns in Rizal).
3) Tourism. Antipolo is gifted with scenic views, and an ideal landscape.
Resorts have also been established. The city is a scenic and a natural
resource. It is beautiful and contains various resources that attract
tourists and potential migrants.

Weaknesses

1) Sanitation. Given the statistics, 11.6% of people in Antipolo dont have

access to clean water. This is greater than the national average of
4.7%. With regard to access to toilets, 0.7% in Antipolo while 1.1% on
a national scale. The difference may be insignificant.
2) Employment. The unemployment rate is high compared to the average
unemployment rate of the Philippines. The national average is at 6.8%
while Antipolo has an unemployment rate at 10.9%. 36.7% of the labor
force of Antipolo do not earn sufficiently since they are either below the
poverty threshold, below the food threshold, or are unemployed. Given
its natural resources, and various industries present, expectation for
employment is high for such a developing city.
3) Education. Although the statistics for education do not largely deviate
from the national average, it indicates that it has to be improved for the
national average is also that of a low standard.

Opportunities
1) Migration. Migration rates to Antipolo are rising throughout the years,
this provides for a larger population and it indicates a good standard
and state of living in Antipolo city. Due to the pollution and
overpopulation of Metro Manila, most are migrating to Antipolo. This
provides for more consumers, and more members of the labor force.

7 | Tayo na sa Antipolo: A Local Development Study on the City of Antipolo

 Although it is to be noted that those who may reside in Antipolo still
serve as the labor force in near areas in Metro Manila.
2) Influx of Businesses and Tourists. Since the city is dense with
establishments and the like, settlements and infrastructures are being
built for the growing population of Antipolo.

Threats
1) Environmental abuse. Due to both mining and rapid industrialization,
the environmental and natural resources may be compromised. Also, the
rising population may contribute to the pollution of air, and water systems
of the city. If activities such as these pursue, the land and resources that
serve as Antipolos strengths may deteriorate and be more of an expense.

IV. Government Intervention

Education

Development in education of the city was attended to in the second

half of 2013. A 10 hectare portion of the 64 hectare Government Center lot
of the Antipolo City Government was allotted for the Antipolo Science High
School, and the Antipolo Institute of Technology (AiTECH). According to
2013 Antipolo Administration Achievement Report, the establishment of
these educational institutions will serve as the training ground for the citys
top deserving students in the fields of Science and Technology. 2,200
students were beneficiaries of the stipend program of the city government.
In the future, this will create for more innovations, technologies, jobs, and
education.

Health

In 2013, the city began to plan the preparation for the establishment
of four hospitals to cater to the medical needs of the city. The first Hospital
was established by way of transfer of management of the Dela Paz
Hospital from the Provincial Government to the City in the second half of
2013. The three remaining areas for the establishment were already
included in the Regional Development Investment Program (RDIP):
Cabading, Dalig (Regalado) and Mayamot. Cabading and Dalig sites
already have detailed engineering designs and are ready for
implementation in 2014.

Employment Opportunities

In 2013, 78.44% (3,569) of job applicants were hired in the Daily

Referral/Recommendation Program of the City; 54.14% (1,117) of job

8 | Tayo na sa Antipolo: A Local Development Study on the City of Antipolo

 applicants were hired during the conduct of Local and Special Recruitment
Activities; 10 Career Education Advocacy seminars toured 10 city
secondary schools and catered to a total of 5,014 students; 300 Persons
benefited from soap-making seminars in Barangays San Roque and San
Luis, given TESDA certificates; 133 Participants from 52 primary
cooperatives benefited during the Seminar/Workshop on Basic
Cooperative Course; and 53 Primary cooperatives monitored and
evaluated on their activities, administration, and existing financial loans.

Agricultural Services
Equipment for Farming was lent to farmers, and local businesses.
The Farm Machinery Lending Program and Farm Mechanization
Monitoring and Assessment include the four-wheel tractor and such farm
equipments as the multi-tiller and power sprayer. For the year 2013, a total
of 20.2 hectares were validated with 16.205 hectares cultivated for a total
of 15 farmers served

Environmental Development
The City Environment and Waste Management Office completed
the planned program of the clean-up of the Hinulugang Taktak Protected
Landscape (HTPL). Along with the restoration and beautification of HTPL
came the promotion of volunteerism and environmental concern for the
people of Antipolo. Currently, in 2016, the use of plastic is prohibited in
Antipolo to minimize garbage pollution.

V. Conclusion

As of 2015, Antipolo City has the largest population accounting to 28

percent of the provincial population and still growing with a 4.34 percent
growth rate. It is the new site of the provincial capitol and it continues to be
the economic center of the province. Antipolo is a gem of a city given its
proximity to the urbanization of nearby cities, and its natural resources
occurring in its typography. It is a strategic location for trade, and
economic transactions, and also ideal for residency.

The studied social factors were Education and Literacy, Health and
Sanitation, and Peace and Order. The Economic factors on the other hand
were comprised of Natural Resources, Infrastructure, Tourism, and
Employment. The positive attributes of the city proved to be Peace and
Order, Natural Resources, Tourism, and Urbanization. The areas the city
needs to improve on and be wary of are Education, Health, Employment,
and Environment.

9 | Tayo na sa Antipolo: A Local Development Study on the City of Antipolo

 Bearing the governments thrust, Numero Uno, Antipolo!, the city
government aims to address issues on the different socioeconomic factors
through intervening and establishing programs, infrastructures, and
subsidizing resources for their citizens.

Although it is part of the province that has been deemed competitive

and developed, as increasing trends for profit and urbanization are rising,
so does concern for the resources the city has to give. Perhaps a new
definition of development need not be in terms of profit gain, but in the
overall well-being of the city in its people, its safety, and its environment
throughout the present and future. Development should be a holistic view
on the current state of matters that would enable us as a nation to step
forward and truly be at our optimum.

VI. REFERENCES

1. Philippines, Antipolo City Government. (2004). Antipolo City Facts and

Figures 2004 (pp. 1-54). Antipolo City.
2. Philippines, National Statistics Office. (2014). Philippines in Figures
2014. Quezon City.
3. Antipolo City Government. (n.d.). Antipolo City Profile 2013. Retrieved
November 20, 2016, from http://antipolo.ph/government/annual-
accomplishment-report.html
4. The Citys CBMS: CHALLENGES AND INNOVATIONS TOWARDS A
NUMERO UNO ANTIPOLO (Rep.). (n.d.). Retrieved November 16,
2016, from https://www.pep-net.org/sites/pep-
net.org/files/CBMS/Conference/11th/Presentations/Day2_Antipolo.pdf.
5. Philippines, National Competitiveness Council. (2016). CITIES AND
MUNICIPALITIES COMPETITIVENESS INDEX. Retrieved November
16, 2016, from
http://www.competitive.org.ph/cmcindex/pages/historical/?lgu=Antipolo
6. Province : ISABELA Statistical Profile.(2012). Retrieved November 08,
2016, from:
http://nap.psa.gov.ph/countryside/showperregion.asp?province=231:IS
ABELA
7. Philippine Institute for Development Studies. (2012). Antipolo City
CBMS Survey 2012. Retrieved from http://gis.pids.gov.ph/cgi-
bin/mapserv?map=/home/yronald/htdocs/maps/cbms/antipolo/bgy/povp
bgy2012.map&query=&program=/cgi-
bin/mapserv&layer=CY_2012&nquery=
8. Philippines, Philippine Statistics Authority. (n.d.). Philippines National
Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS). Retrieved November 16,
2016, from https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR294/FR294.pdf.

10 | Tayo na sa Antipolo: A Local Development Study on the City of Antipolo